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Articles 1 - 22 of 22
Full-Text Articles in Public Policy
The Shifting Roles Of Business And Government In The World Economy, Murray L. Weidenbaum
The Shifting Roles Of Business And Government In The World Economy, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
With the changing global marketplace, business firms, governments, and the consumer need to be able to understand and adapt to changing economic and technological trends in order to benefit.
The Importance Of Employer Accommodation On The Job Duration Of Workers With Disabilities: A Hazard Model Approach, Richard V. Burkhauser, J.S. Butler, Yang Woo Kim
The Importance Of Employer Accommodation On The Job Duration Of Workers With Disabilities: A Hazard Model Approach, Richard V. Burkhauser, J.S. Butler, Yang Woo Kim
Center for Policy Research
In line with policies long in place in Western Europe, United States disability policy is now attempting to intervene directly in the labor market to increase the employment of people with disabilities. Beginning in July, 1992, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 required employers to provide reasonable accommodation to workers with disabilities. Here we use a continuous time hazard model on retrospective data from the 1978 Social Security Survey of Disability and Work to estimate the effect of employer accommodation on the subsequent job tenure of workers who suffer a work limiting health impairment. We show that the risk …
A Preview Of Clintonomics, Murray L. Weidenbaum
A Preview Of Clintonomics, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
This paper is an assessment of the key economic and business actions that the Clinton Administration will focus on.
The Cost Of Home Ownership In Vermont, 1975-1990, Arthur G. Woolf
The Cost Of Home Ownership In Vermont, 1975-1990, Arthur G. Woolf
New England Journal of Public Policy
Housing prices in Vermont, like those in the other New England states, shot up dramatically during the economic boom of the 1980s. This article investigates the causes of that price increase and focuses on the cost of home ownership in Vermont in the years 1975 to 1990. Cost of home ownership is defined as the percentage of family income needed to finance an average-price home. Although prices skyrocketed during the 1980s, the actual cost of home ownership as a percentage of income was about 15 percent greater in 1990 than it was during the mid-1970s. Housing price increases are expected …
Strengthening Israel's Economy, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Strengthening Israel's Economy, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
The Israeli economy is very socialized and heavily regulated. Because of this, it suffers from slow growth and high inflation. To change this, Israel needs to become much more privatized.
Pharmaceutical Regulation And Productivity Challenges, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Pharmaceutical Regulation And Productivity Challenges, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
With the costs of pharmaceuticals increasing, steps need to be taken to modernize the approach process in order to reduce the cost of developing new medicines and increase the availability of new and better pharmaceuticals.
Responding To Foreign Competition: Overcoming Government Barriers, Murray L. Weidenbaum, Harvey S. James Jr
Responding To Foreign Competition: Overcoming Government Barriers, Murray L. Weidenbaum, Harvey S. James Jr
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
For a variety of reasons, governments erect barriers to international trade. In order to survive in the global marketplace, companies, therefore, need to overcome these barriers, whether by exporting, acquiring other firms, or entering strategic alliances with other businesses.
Answering The Arguments Against The Consumption Tax, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Answering The Arguments Against The Consumption Tax, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
By shifting U.S. taxation from income to consumption, more revenue would be generated for the U.S. Treasury. This would also enable the American people to enjoy a higher living standard.
Analyzing Performance Skewness In Public Agencies: The Case Of Urban Mass Transit, Herman L. Boschken
Analyzing Performance Skewness In Public Agencies: The Case Of Urban Mass Transit, Herman L. Boschken
Herman L. Boschken
Previous studies of public organizational performance have focused mostly on operating efficiency, without dealing with the complex accountability problems associated with plural public interests. The fact that an agency exhibits multiple and often paradoxical performances has not been of comparable concern. This failure to account for performance in a multiple-constituencies context has led to a narrow view of how well agencies do. To broaden the research on agency performance, a multiple-constituencies model is introduced and tested for statistically significant variances. The findings confirm the model's robustness in structuring a dependent variable for empirical research on why agencies perform toward different …
The Case For Taxing Consumption, Murray L. Weidenbaum
The Case For Taxing Consumption, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
This piece points out the benefits of taxing consumption instead of income.
The Defense Industrial Base For The 1990s, Murray L. Weidenbaum
The Defense Industrial Base For The 1990s, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
Although the bottom is not about to fall out of the military market, a tough period of belt tightening has begun. The severity of these adjustments will vary based on the size and relationship of businesses to the defense industry. Ultimately, the military procurement process must be reformed. First, by streamlining the rules. Second, by upgrading the caliber of the people involved in the process. And finally, by changing the incentive structure facing the people who produce the equipment.
Earth Summit, Global Warming, And The Citizen: Economics, Science And Emotion, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Earth Summit, Global Warming, And The Citizen: Economics, Science And Emotion, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
A barrage of news stories, editorials, and even business advertisements is proclaiming that this is our last chance to save the planet. Examining the evidence for global warming, this paper finds a lack of convincing data to allow any conclusive analysis. Regarding the Earth Summit, it outlines six reasons why the conference is unlikely to achieve its stated goals.
The Case For Taxing Consumption, Murray L. Weidenbaum
The Case For Taxing Consumption, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
The governments of most industrialized nations, especially in the European Community, use consumption taxes far more than the United States. Yet a low-saving, slow-growing economy such as the United States would benefit greatly from shifting the national revenue system from taxing income to taxing consumption. That change would provide a powerful incentive to increase the nation's saving and investment and, therefore, economic growth and living standards. This report examines the pros and cons of consumption taxation and also analyzes the major policy alternatives to structuring a new tax of that type.
"Earth Summit": Un Spectacle With A Cast Of Thousands, Murray L. Weidenbaum
"Earth Summit": Un Spectacle With A Cast Of Thousands, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
Murray Weidenbaum points out that the UN-sponsored Earth Summit bases many of its environmental assertions on unsound scientific research.
Small Wars, Big Defense: Living In A World Of Lower Tensions, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Small Wars, Big Defense: Living In A World Of Lower Tensions, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
Murray Weidenbaum discusses ways to reduce military spending in the 1990s.
"Earth Summit": Un Spectacle With A Cast Of Thousands, Murray L. Weidenbaum
"Earth Summit": Un Spectacle With A Cast Of Thousands, Murray L. Weidenbaum
Murray Weidenbaum Publications
Under the guise of cleaning up the environment, the UN sponsored the first-ever "Earth Summit" in June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro. The conference, officially titled the UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), was estimated to have been the largest conference ever held in the world at the time. UNCED's wide-ranging agenda obscures any real focus for the meeting, which attempted to synthesize economic and environmental globally. Given this unprecedented scope, much of the material leading up to the conference was hysterical, emotionalized, and unscientific in nature.
A Cautionary Tale Of European Disability Policies: Lessons For The United States, Leo Arts, Richard V. Burkhauser, Philip De Jong
A Cautionary Tale Of European Disability Policies: Lessons For The United States, Leo Arts, Richard V. Burkhauser, Philip De Jong
Center for Policy Research
Variations in the size of the population receiving disability payments across countries cannot be explained by simple differences in health. Rather, the process to disability is shaped by both social and medical factors. When governments ignore this reality, a policy generated disability epidemic is possible. This paper compares disability policies in The Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, and the United States. It argues that the extraordinary increase in Dutch disability rolls in the 1970s was caused by a general government policy to reduce official unemployment. And that by the end of the 1980s, this policy had left Holland with a hidden unemployment …
Disability Or Work: Handicap Policy Choices, Richard V. Burkhauser
Disability Or Work: Handicap Policy Choices, Richard V. Burkhauser
Center for Policy Research
Cross-national comparisons of disability programs and disabled populations show that the social environment workers with handicaps face can be as important as their health in affecting their movement into disability. In this context, Richard Burkhauser reviews American disability policy over the business cycles of the past two decades. He finds that strong economic recovery has, in general, overcome the sharp drop in the well-being of people with handicaps brought on by the recession and the reduction in program benefits in the early 1980s. However, the doubly handicapped, those with both health limitations and poor work skills, have not recovered.
How People With Disabilities Fare When Public Policies Change--Past, Present, And Future, Richard V. Burkhauser, Robert H. Haveman, Barbara L. Wolfe
How People With Disabilities Fare When Public Policies Change--Past, Present, And Future, Richard V. Burkhauser, Robert H. Haveman, Barbara L. Wolfe
Center for Policy Research
In this paper the authors analyze the effects of two decades of federal disability policy and macroeconomic fluctuation on the well-being of men with disabilities. Their findings indicate that both have dramatically affected the economic well-being of people with disabilities both absolutely and relative to people without disabilities. Using data from the Current Population Survey (19681988) they find that by 1987 the households of white or well-educated male heads with disabilities had fully recovered from the program cuts and recession of the early 1980s. However, to a large extent this recovery was due to additional earnings by spouses. Alternatively, the …
Reality Or Illusion: The Importance Of Creaming On Job Placement Rates In Job Training Partnership Act Programs, Kathryn H. Anderson, Richard V. Burkhauser, Jennie E. Raymond
Reality Or Illusion: The Importance Of Creaming On Job Placement Rates In Job Training Partnership Act Programs, Kathryn H. Anderson, Richard V. Burkhauser, Jennie E. Raymond
Center for Policy Research
Critics of the Job Partnership Training Act of 1982 (JTPA) argue that most of its job placement success has been the result of the "creaming" of participants--that is, of serving individuals who are most employable at the expense of those most in need. Using a bivariate probit model of JTPA trainee selection and job placement success, this paper analyzes the selection of JTPA past recipients. It provides a first approximation of the importance of nonrandom selection on job placement rates. Creaming is found to take place within service delivery areas (SDAs), especially with respect to the avoidance of eligible high …
Modeling Application For Disability Insurance As A Retirement Decision: A Hazard Model Approach Using Choice-Based Sampling, Richard V. Burkhauser, J.S. Butler, Yang Woo Kim, George A. Slotsve
Modeling Application For Disability Insurance As A Retirement Decision: A Hazard Model Approach Using Choice-Based Sampling, Richard V. Burkhauser, J.S. Butler, Yang Woo Kim, George A. Slotsve
Center for Policy Research
This paper models the decision to apply for Social Security Disability Insurance Benefitsas a special case of a more general dynamic retirement decision model. It uses a multi-state, continuous-time hazard to test the effect of policy variables on the speed at which workers applyfor benefits following the onset of a work limitation. Policy variables are found to matter. A higher expected replacement rate increases the risk of application. This effect is significant in asmall sample of the general population and in a sample which also includes a weighted choice-based sample of disability insurance applicants.
W(H)Ither The Middle Class? A Dynamic View, Greg J. Duncan, Timothy M, Smeeding, Willard Rodgers
W(H)Ither The Middle Class? A Dynamic View, Greg J. Duncan, Timothy M, Smeeding, Willard Rodgers
Center for Policy Research
A constant theme throughout the history of the U.S. has been the growth of the middle class and the promise of its growth for the elimination of poverty. By the late 1980s, social analysts sensed a decline in the size of the American middle class which later was verified through cross-section analysis of wage and salary and income distribution data. Using time series from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics for prime-age males, this study moves beyond verification of the shrinking of the middle class. The analysis examines changes in both income and wealth and finds that wealth increases reinforced …