Trial Memorandum Of The United States House Of Representatives In The Impeachment Trial Of President Donald J. Trump, Jamie Raskin, Diana Degette, David Cicilline, Joaquin Castro, Eric Swalwell, Ted Lieu, Stacey Plaskett, Madeleine Dean, Joe Neguse

United States Senate Documents

INTRODUCTION ....................... 1

STATEMENT OF FACTS ........................... 5

A. President Trump Refuses to Accept the Results of the 2020 Election ........ 5

B. President Trump Encourages His Followers to Come to Washington on January 6, 2021 and “Fight” to Overturn the Election Results ............. 12

C. Vice President Pence Refuses to Overturn the Election Results ........... 18

D. President Trump Incites Insurrectionists to Attack the Capitol ........ 20

E. Insurrectionists Incited by President Trump Attack the Capitol ........... 22

F. President Trump’s Dereliction of Duty During the Attack ............ 29

G. The House Approves An Article of Impeachment with Bipartisan …

Guiding Principles For Victim Assistance, Icbl-Cmc

Global CWD Repository

These principles are based on Article 6 of the Mine Ban Treaty and Articles 5 and 6 of the Convention on Cluster Munitions, the Oslo Action Plan and the Lausanne Action Plan,2 the International Mine Action Standards on Victim Assistance, as well as previous ones and other existing legal obligations and political commitments of States Parties under relevant International Humanitarian and Human Rights Law, foremost the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). They are guided by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and rely on outcomes of the World …

Glossary Of Legislative Terms: Brief Explanations Of Legislative Terms Used Throughout Congress.Gov, United States Congress, United States Congress

United States Senate Documents

Glossary of Legislative Terms

Brief explanations of legislative terms used throughout Congress.gov. In-depth descriptions are provided in "About" Legislation, Legislation Text, Committees, Committee Reports, Members, the Congressional Record, the Congressional Record Index, Nominations, House Communications, Senate Communications, and Treaty Documents.

The Second Review Conference Of The Convention On Cluster Munitions, Convention On Cluster Munitions

Global CWD Repository

The second review conference (2RC) of the Conference on Cluster Munitions was held in two parts:

• 25-27 November 2020: in virtual format
• 20-21 September 2021: in hybrid format at the Palais des Nations in Geneva

This submission contains all documents resulting from both sessions of the 2RC

Mitigating The Environmental Impacts Of Explosive Ordnance And Land Release, Mine Action Review

Global CWD Repository

Environmental considerations are rightly gaining increased prominence and awareness. Environmental experts agree that unprecedented changes in climate and biodiversity are taking place, threatening nature and human livelihoods around the world. The humanitarian community increasingly understands the need to identify and assess how their operations affect the natural environment and to mitigate the negative environmental impacts wherever possible.

The mine action sector has begun to recognise that in order to follow the humanitarian principle of “do no harm” it must be aware of and take action to mitigate the potential environmental damage that can occur during land release operations. While an …

Clearing The Mines 2021, Mine Action Review

Global CWD Repository

As at 1 October 2021, 56 States and 3 other areas (territories that are not internationally recognised as States) were contaminated by anti-personnel mines, as listed in Table 1. Asia (including the Middle East) is the most affected continent, with 23 mine-contaminated States. Most are not party to the APMBC. Across Asia (including the Middle East), Afghanistan, Cambodia, Iraq, Oman, Palestine, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Thailand, and Yemen are all States Parties. China, India, Iran, Israel, Kyrgyzstan, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Lebanon, Myanmar, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea), Pakistan, the Republic of Korea (South Korea), …

From The Legal Literature: Is Progressive Prosecution Possible?, Francesca Laguardia

Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Information Power Upon The Great Game In Cyberspace: U.S. Wins Over Russian Meddling In The 2018 Elections, Joseph H. Schafer

Military Cyber Affairs

The 2018 U.S. pivot in information and cyberspace degraded Russian operations in the 2018 election. Following pervasive Russian information power operations during the U.S. 2016 elections, the United States progressed from a policy of preparations and defense in information and cyberspace to a policy of forward engagement. U.S recognition of renewed great power competition coupled with Russia’s inability to compete diplomatically, militarily (conventionally), or economically, inspires Russia to continues to concentrate on information power operations. This great game in cyberspace was virtually uncontested by the U.S. prior to 2017. Widespread awareness of Russian aggression in 2016 served as a catalyst …

Mine Action 2020: Book Of Papers, Centre For Testing, Development And Training Development And Training

Global CWD Repository

Book of papers that was to be presented at the 2020 Mine Action Symposium in Croatia. The Symposium canceled due to COVID-19.

Russian Active Measures Campaigns And Interference In The 2016 U. S. Election Report, Volumes I–V, Together With Additional Views, Select Committee On Intelligence, United States Senate

United States Senate Documents

Russian Active Measures Campaigns and Interference in the 2016 U. S. Election Report Together with Additional Views

"The United States Select Committee on Intelligence’s investigation totaled more than three years of investigative activity, more than 200 witness interviews, and more than a million pages of reviewed documents. All five volumes total more than 1,300 pages." From press release for Volume V, available at https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/press/senate-intel-releases-volume-5-bipartisan-russia-report.

Volume I: Russian Efforts against Election Infrastructure with Additional Views (pages 4-69)

Volume II: Russia's Use of Social Media with Additional Views (pages 71-155)

Volume III: U. S. Government Response to Russian Activities (pages 157-210) …

Standardising Beneficiary Definitions In Humanitarian Mine Action (2nd Ed.), Danchurchaid, Danish Demining Group, The Halo Trust, Humanity And Inclusion, Mines Advisory Group, Norwegian People's Aid, Swiss Foundation For Demining

Global CWD Repository

This document lays out standard definitions and guidelines for measuring recording and reporting beneficiary numbers for EORE, land release, victim assistance and explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) spot tasks. The guidelines do not include beneficiary definitions for the two remaining mine action pillars: advocacy and stockpile destruction.

It is hoped that this document can be used as a guide for other mine action operators donors and national authorities, to share best practice and contribute to international standards for the sector in beneficiary reporting.

Policing In A Democratic Constitution, Michael Wasco

Indiana Journal of Constitutional Design

Most constitutions contain provisions relating to or impacting policing. Separate from the armed forces and intelligence services, the police are the state’s internal security apparatus, and codifying issues related to policing within a constitution can ensure efficient service delivery and human rights protections.

Originating from the Libyan constitution making process, this paper provides a taxonomy of options for constitution drafters and scholars. More so than other issues, such as separation of powers or human rights protections generally, policing sections are very country specific. While not advocating for specific best practices, the work gives ample justifications for certain policing principles and …

Clearing Cluster Munition Remnants 2020, Mine Action Review

Global CWD Repository

Key Findings:

• In the 10 years since the entry into force of the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) in 2020, a total of more than 766 square kilometres of cluster munition-contaminated area has been cleared. During survey, clearance, and spot task operations nearly one million unexploded submunitions have been destroyed. Countless lives and limbs have undoubtedly been saved as a direct result, as well as the broader contribution to development.
• In 2019 alone, a global total of more than 130 square kilometres was cleared of cluster munition remnants (CMR), a new record, beating the previous high (in 2018) by nearly …

Clearing The Mines 2020: A Report By Mine Action Review For The Eighteenth Meeting Of States Parties To The Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention, Mine Action Review

Global CWD Repository

Key Findings:

• In 2019, a global total of more than 131 square kilometers was cleared of anti-personnel mines, with more than 96% of recorded clearance occurring in States Parties to the APMBC. However, this total is a marked decrease on output in 2018 of more than 155 square kilometers, and was the lowest recorded clearance globally for more than ten years. The true total area of clearance is probably considerably greater, but data recording and reporting problems prevent accurate reporting of a higher figure, in addition to a lack of transparency by several States not party.
• In total, almost 164,000 …

A Guide To The Oslo Action Plan And Provisional Results Of 2020 Monitoring: Survey And Clearance, Mine Action Review

Global CWD Repository

This Guide and provisional results of 2020 monitoring by Mine Action Review aim to support the measurable and accountable implementation of Article 5 of the 1997 Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention. They do so by focusing on the Oslo Action Plan, adopted at the Fourth Review Conference in November 2019, describing how the Action Plan addresses survey and clearance, and explaining how progress in implementing those commitments in the Action Plan will be assessed. This Guide follows the Oslo Action Plan’s approach by detailing commitments that apply specifically to survey and clearance operations in all affected States Parties, as well …

Review Of New Technologies And Methodologies For Eore In Challenging Contexts, Gichd

Global CWD Repository

This review examines promising new technologies and methodologies used for the delivery and monitoring of risk education interventions in response to three key challenges: risk education for improvised explosive devices, in urban complex environments, and in areas with limited to no accessibility. It highlights examples, good practices and emerging solutions in facing these challenges, both from within and outside the EORE sector, and builds on recent initiatives developed to adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic. The publication was made possible thanks to the financial support of the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Government of Switzerland.

Liberalism Versus Fundamentalism: The Ideological Conflict Between Tocqueville And Qtub, Mary Catherine E. Morris

Liberty University Journal of Statesmanship & Public Policy

This paper seeks to conclude whether Qtub has successfully discredited the values supported by Tocqueville to draw more Muslims to support an increased role of religion in society and influence the majority of Muslims to conduct violent jihad. It is hypothesized that Muslims agree with Qtub that Islam must be increasingly influential in society, but the majority do not seek to increase its role through, or for the purposes of, violent jihad. Differing in their views on freedom and liberty, freedom of religion and separation of church and state, and man-made laws but agreeing on the negative effects of materialism, …

The Sovereignty Solution: A Common Sense Approach To Global Security, Andrew Higgins

Liberty University Journal of Statesmanship & Public Policy

The Sovereignty Solution calls for a new grand strategy for the United States. The current security paradigm, the book’s authors hold, has yet to be properly modified from a 20^th-century cast of mind. The ad hoc system inherited after the end of the Cold War now fails because it too often applies national power equally to each emerging threat. But security challenges in the 21^st century arise so quickly and unexpectedly that continuing in this manner incurs overextension and further, risks strategic defeat. If the United States continues to behave as if it can be in all …

Coordination Of Inter-Agency Action For Nuclear Security In Uganda, Richard Sseggane

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Despite the dynamic threats to the nuclear security of the East and Central African region, and the decision of the Government of Uganda to embark on a nuclear power programme, there was not much put in place as a coordination and cooperation mechanisms among the stakeholders in the nuclear security activities.

This work confirmed the need in Uganda for the major nuclear security stakeholder agencies with roles and mandates for nuclear security including the regulator, security and intelligence agencies, police, border control, transport control, customs agencies and others to work together as necessary in the different nuclear security activities in …

The Socioeconomic Impact Of Employing Female Deminers In Sri Lanka, Gichd

Global CWD Repository

This report outlines the key findings of the study looking at the socioeconomic impact of employing female deminers in Sri Lanka. 10 years after the first clearance operations in Sri Lanka, hundreds of Sri Lankan women and men are now employed in the Northern and Eastern parts of the country. The key findings highlight how employment has transformed female and male deminers’ capacity to access and own resources and services, as well as changes in female deminers’ decision-making capacities, how they perceive themselves, and shifts in their families’ and community members’ attitudes towards gender norms.

Literature Review: How U.S. Government Documents Are Addressing The Increasing National Security Implications Of Artificial Intelligence, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

This article emphasizes the increasing importance of artificial intelligence (AI) in military and national security policy making. It seeks to inform interested individuals about the proliferation of publicly accessible U.S. government and military literature on this multifaceted topic. An additional objective of this endeavor is encouraging greater public awareness of and participation in emerging public policy debate on AI's moral and national security implications..

Ap Mine Ban Convention 2020 Intercessional Meeting: Statements On Matters Related To General Statements By States And Organizations, Apmbc

Global CWD Repository

Written submissions from States and organisations on matters related to the status of implementation of the Convention and the Oslo Action Plan: European Union, Spain.

Gender And Diversity Annual Report 2019, Gichd

Global CWD Repository

The Gender & Diversity Annual Report highlights the efforts made towards more gender and diversity inclusive practices at the GICHD. In 2018, the GICHD took the decision to elevate the topics of gender and diversity at the highest level of its new 2019-2022 Strategy. This included a strategic objective to promote gender equality and inclusion and the empowerment of women and girls. In March 2019, the Gender and Mine Action Programme (GMAP) and the GICHD entered in a new agreement which saw the integration of GMAP as a division of the GICHD. This decision not only reaffirmed the GICHD’s commitment …

Ap Mine Ban Convention 2020 Intercessional Meeting: Statements On Matters Compliance, Apmbc

Global CWD Repository

Matters related to the status of implementation of the Convention and the Oslo Action Plan.

Matters specifically related to the subject of compliance: Chile, Iraq, Netherlands, Switzerland, United Kingdom

Ap Mine Ban Convention 2020 Intercessional Meeting: Statements On Matters Related To Article 5 Implementation, Apmbc

Global CWD Repository

Written submissions from States and organisations on matters related to the status of implementation of the Convention and the Oslo Action Plan.

Matters related to Article 5 Implementation for the following affected States Parties: Chad, Croatia, Iraq, Peru, Senegal, Serbia, Sudan, Tajikstan, Turkey, United Kingdom, Yemen.

Other States Parties and Organizations: Chile, Ireland, Switzerland, United Nations Inter-Agency Coordination Group on Mine Action

Ap Mine Ban Convention 2020 Intercessional Meeting: Committee On The Enhancement Of Cooperation And Assistance, Apmbc

Global CWD Repository

Preliminary observations from the Committee on the Enhancement of Cooperation and Assistance

Ap Mine Ban Convention 2020 Intercessional Meeting: Statements On Matters Related To Victim Assistance Implementation, Apmbc

Global CWD Repository

Updated information submitted by States and organizations on matters related to the status of implementation of the Convention and the Oslo Action Plan. States parties that have declared significant numbers of landmines survivors: Iraq, Peru, South Sudan, Sudan, Tajikistan, Yemen.

Other States Parties and organizations: Chile and United Kingdom.

Ap Mine Ban Convention 2020 Intercessional Meeting: Statements On Matters Related To Cooperation And Assistance, Apmbc

Global CWD Repository

Matters related to the status of implementation of the Convention and the Oslo Action Plan.

Specific matters related to Cooperation and Assistance: Chile, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Netherlands, Peru, Senegal, Sudan, Switzerland, Tajikistan, United Kingdom

Ap Mine Ban Convention Intercessional 2020 Meeting: Statements On Matters Related To Stockpile Destruction And Retained Mines, Apmbc

Global CWD Repository

Written submissions from States and organisations on matters related to the status of implementation of the Convention and the Oslo Action Plan.

Matters specifically related to Stockpile Destruction and Retained Mines: Chile, Indonesia, Ireland, Netherlands

Ap Mine Ban Convention 2020 Intercessional Meeting: Full Program, Apmbc

Global CWD Repository

Full program for the 2020 APMBC Intercessional Meeting June-July 2020 including concept notes for several panels including:

• Effective Implementation for All: Gender and Diverse Needs in Practice
• Aligning Donor Coordination to Support Implementation of the Oslo Action Plan
• Victim Assistance, Safety and Protection in Situations of Risk and Humanitarian Emergencies
• Addressing Anti-Personnel mines of an Improvised Nature under the Convention’s Framework
• Cooperative Compliance and the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention