Public Administration Commons^™

The Impact Of Implementing Good Governance Principles On The Quality Of University Education: An Analytical Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Employees At Sawa Private University, Thanaa Hussein Jalil Al-Khuzaie

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This study aims to analyze the impact of applying good governance principles—such as transparency, accountability, participation, and the rule of law—within higher education institutions on the quality of university education, by examining the relationship between these principles and academic and administrative quality indicators. The study population comprised academic and administrative staff at Al-Sahel Private University. A stratified random sample of 75 participants was selected from the university. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation), Pearson correlation coefficient, and coefficient of variation. The instrument’s reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and factor analysis was conducted. Hypotheses were tested using …

The Impact Of Using Management Information System On Enhancing Intelligent Organizations: An Exploratory Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Faculty Members At The College Of Administration And Economics – University Of Mosul, Ali Jasim Shalash

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The present study seeks to investigate the effect of the dimensions of the Management Information System (MIS) on fostering intelligent organizations, through analyzing the relationship between the system’s components (organization, human resources, information technology, and data/information) and the level of organizational intelligence. The research employed a descriptive–analytical methodology, with data collected from a sample of 88 faculty members at the College of Administration and Economics, utilizing a scientifically designed questionnaire. The results indicated a strong and statistically significant correlation between all MIS dimensions and the development of intelligent organizations, with the system accounting for 43.3% of the variance in organizational …

The Role Of Expert Systems In Enhancing Organizational Performance In Hotel Organizations A Descriptive–Analytical Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Managers And Employees In First-Class Hotels In Erbil Governorate, Dr. Hassan Odah Ghdaab

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The study aimed to identify the role of expert systems as an independent variable with its dimensions (hardware, software, knowledge engineer) in enhancing organizational performance as a dependent variable. The research problem emerged through the need to determine the role of expert systems in improving organizational performance if adopted by managers and employees in the surveyed hotel organizations. A hypothetical model was presented to test the main and sub-hypotheses and to answer the research questions. The study focused on five-star hotels, with the research population consisting of managers and employees in hotel organizations in Erbil Governorate, specifically: (Erbil Quartz Hotel, …

Front And Back Matter

The Foundation Review

No abstract provided.

The Ai Contributor: A New Thought Partner In Systems Change, Jewlya Lynn, Rachel Reichenbach

The Foundation Review

Many foundations are making long-term commitments to advancing systemic change, continually adapting and refining their approaches along the way. An emerging and often underutilized tool in their systems change toolkit is generative artificial intelligence (AI).

AI is enhancing practices across philanthropy, often focused on increasing efficiencies and scaling or streamlining human tasks. What if we instead focus on what AI can do that is distinctly different from what a human can offer? In the world of systemic change, we continue to struggle with the complexity and intractability of systems and finding moments when systems can be shifted. AI can be …

Executive Summaries

The Foundation Review

No abstract provided.

Editorial, Julia Coffman

The Foundation Review

No abstract provided.

Archetypes Of Ai Adoption: A Snapshot In Time Of Philanthropic Practice, Grace Lyn Higdon, Linda Raftree

The Foundation Review

The authors identified four archetypes describing philanthropic funders’ approach to AI: The Curious, The Doers, The Dreamers, The Skeptics.

The authors did not find major differences found across foundations based on their geographic location, though there were differences found based on their mission and values. Feminist and social justice funders in the Global South demonstrated more skepticism than others.

Even in seemingly benign or straightforward applications, AI systems demonstrate unpredictable behavior, leading to most foundations proceeding with caution.

The rapid pace of AI has meant that formal AI policies are rare, though foundations align on some common “red lines” that …

Deepening Our Understanding Of Resilience: How Evaluation Can Contribute, Michael Quinn Patton

The Foundation Review

Resilience is the capacity to experience a significant shock and adapt as needed to survive and move forward. The current age is one of constant system shocks economically, environmentally, and politically. Resilience becomes essential for navigating these and other risks.

Individuals, organizations, communities, and ecosystems manifest different degrees and types of resilience requiring appropriately matched evaluation responses. In considering new directions for philanthropic evaluation, this article offers for the first time an overarching framework of four different responses to system shocks and disruptions. This leads to four different evaluation criteria: continuity, adaptation, innovation, and capitulation.

In addition to the long-term …

Collective Learning In Philanthropy: Ai, Trust, And The Future Of Grant Reporting, Rachel Kimber, Valerie Ehrlich, Blanch Vance, Abigail Osei

The Foundation Review

Grant reporting has largely devolved from a learning tool to a bureaucratic exercise that reinforces power asymmetries and burdens nonprofits. As philanthropy confronts mounting crises demanding equity and transparency, reporting must transform into a space for collective sensemaking.

This paper explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI), paired with Oral and Alternate Reporting (OAR) methods, can build equitable, human-centered reporting systems. We propose the E⁴ framework — Efficiency, Effectiveness, Expansiveness, and Equity — for intentionally leveraging AI in service of more equitable reporting practices.

Traditional reporting often sidelines the expertise of nonprofit staff and communities most affected by funded programs. Drawing …

Philanthropy As Risk Capital: Shaping Trust And Learning At The Speed Of Ai, Nina Sabarre, Clara Bennett, Laura Chavez-Varela

The Foundation Review

As artificial intelligence rapidly reshapes society, philanthropy is increasingly called to act as "risk capital" for the public good. But risk alone is not enough. Without rigorous, field-wide learning, philanthropy's bold bets may remain isolated and short-sighted, failing to catalyze the systemic change this moment demands.

This article draws on three sources of learning at Omidyar Network—an evaluation of The Tech We Want initiative, external strategy consultations with 29 stakeholders, and early learnings from a generative AI portfolio—to identify how philanthropy can uniquely "de-risk" AI innovation for collective benefit.

Through trust-based partnerships, ecosystem infrastructure support, and narrative change, these learning …

When Shift Happens: Navigating Toward A Framework For Responsible Philanthropic Exits, Laila Bell, Stephanie Teleki, Jaime Vazquez

The Foundation Review

Philanthropy can be a powerful force for social change, with influence extending far beyond the funding period. When foundations decide to cease funding in a specific area, how they exit can significantly impact the field they are leaving in both the short- and long-term. A poorly executed exit risks blindsiding grant partners and communities, damaging key relationships, undermining progress, and potentially leaving the field worse off than it was found. In contrast, a responsible exit can help the work continue long after the foundation ceases its funding.

What defines a responsible exit? In this article, learning leaders at three different …

Base Building Evaluation: Three Opportunities To Improve Its Use And Relevance, Katie Fox, Margaret A. Post

The Foundation Review

The concept of base building comes from the traditions of electoral and labor organizing, where organizers focus on drawing leadership from a specific constituency or geography. Base building is foundational to organizing efforts. It involves the recruitment, training, and leadership development of people who are often most directly impacted by the issues and causes that organizing focuses on.

In recent years, base building has seen increased interest and investment from the philanthropic sector as funders recognize base building as critical to community-led change. As funders expand their investment in base building, they increasingly seek information and data about base building …

Tfr 17.3 Full Issue

The Foundation Review

No abstract provided.

Beyond Transactions: Building Relational Partnerships Between Evaluators And Foundations, Lauren Beriont, Cassie Bruny, Madison N. Garcia, Ebonie Guyton, Chelsey Hurt, Leah Josephson, Kate Mallula, Mary Mattson, Rory Neuner, Ramona Perry, Andrea Prado Tuma, Sarah Smith, Kim Van Der Woerd, Sofia Vitalis

The Foundation Review

The co-authors have framed this article as an emergent learning journal of sorts, summarizing observations, findings, and key takeaways; walking the reader through the process, key tensions, and classic myths they identified; and highlighting principles they uncovered that underlie and lay the groundwork for imagining more equitable ways for evaluation consultants and foundations to act in relationships.

Case Study: Using Ai To Design More Effective, Efficient, And Equity Focused Grant Application Review Processes, Emily Yu, Bryan Speelman

The Foundation Review

Grants fuel millions of organizations and advance social innovation across sectors. In the United States, foundations and corporations respectively awarded $103.5B and $36.5B to nonprofits in 2023 alone (Childress, 2024; Lilly Family School of Philanthropy, 2024).

By extension, grant applications play a critical role in how grant recipients are identified and selected. While many funders are eager for more streamlined and equitable processes to review grant applications, the process remains primarily a manual and time consuming one (Hewlett Foundation, 2021). These factors leave some funders implementing grant application processes potentially at odds with their impact goals. Examples include restricting who …

The Role Women Play As Facilitators And Barriers In The Career Trajectory Of Female Leaders, Anna Marie Smith

School of Public Service Theses & Dissertations

As gender diversity in the American workplace increases, the complexities surrounding the challenges faced by women continue to evolve. In recent years, this shift has led to an increase in women entering the workforce in record numbers, providing them with opportunities for successful careers, particularly with respect to leadership, all while balancing work and family life. However, despite the significant gains women have made in the employment arena, they continue to lag behind their male counterparts when it comes to leadership opportunities. While research is abundant on the characteristics of female leaders, what motivates them, and how they compare to …

Identity Salience Of Organizational Culture: The Intersection Of Racial And Occupational Identities In High-Risk Professions, Sarah Espinosa

School of Public Service Theses & Dissertations

Despite decades of effort, issues of race and color in organizations remain unresolved. Representative Bureaucracy (RB) has been a necessary but insufficient response to these challenges. While RB promotes diversity and inclusion, it struggles to address deeper issues of equity and justice, which are seen in the persistence of police brutality, even with increased representation of officers of color. This dissertation will propose a new theoretical approach to address the shortcomings of RB, a framework for the Identity Salience of Organizational Culture (ISOC). The ISOC framework seeks to build beyond RB to explain how the culture of high-risk professions with …

Investigating The Relationship Between Noun Classes And Plant Folk Taxonomy In Chasu Language Of Kilimanjaro Region In Tanzania, Peter Rabson Mziray

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The current study investigates the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu (G 22). The study focuses on two objectives: the first objective is to describe the plant folk taxonomy in Chasu and the second objective is to determine the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu. Data were collected from rural villages in Same and Mwanga districts by using free listing, field interviews (jungle-walk-and-identify), and written texts containing Chasu plant names. The findings reveal that Chasu folk taxonomy reflects different ethnobotanical categories; including a unique beginner which is mmea/mimea ‘plant(s)’, and three life …

Organizational Memories Of Extreme Events: Evidence From Us Public Transit Agencies, Mattia Caldarulo, Ignacio Pezo, Elizabeth A. Corley, Shaika L. Islam, Eric W. Welch

Articles

The increasing frequency and severity of extreme weather events require organizations to effectively manage the threats these phenomena pose. To respond to these challenges, public agencies often turn to their organizational memories for guidance. Organizational memories support information processing capacity, facilitate sensemaking, and legitimize and speed up decision-making processes. While memories influence different aspects of organizational life, little is known about their antecedents and the mechanisms behind the retrieval of past events. This study contributes to the broader literature on organizational memory by investigating the elements shaping public agencies’ retrieval of extreme weather events. Integrating weather data from the National …

The Impact Of Stocks Traded In The Iraq Stock Exchange On Bank Credit Rates For The Period 2008–2023, Waleed Ashour Khalid

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

Trading volumes are one of the most important indicators of liquidity in financial markets. Although the Iraqi banking system has experienced liquidity turmoil since 2003, this has led to a significant decline in the stock market. This study aims to investigate the impact of trading volumes on bank credit in the Iraq Stock Exchange. Based on a sample of 60 companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange and 18 banks, the study spanned a 15-year period, from 2008 to 2023. Using the least squares method, we demonstrated the relationship between the liquidity of stocks traded in Iraqi financial markets and …

The Role Of Modern Costing Techniques (Green Target Costing, Total Quality Management) In Reducing Production Costs And Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: “An Exploratory Study In The Iraqi Stock Market”, Mawj Abbas Jasim Alhchaimi, Ali Mahdi Hameed, Fatimah Flayyih Oudah, Adnan Kadhum Matrood

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

Costing techniques, such as Green Target Costing and Total Quality Management, play a crucial role in achieving sustainable development goals. These techniques assist organizations in achieving integration between economy, environment, and society, leading to sustainable development. Green Target Costing helps identify and reduce environmental costs, encouraging companies to use resources efficiently, and contributing to sustainable development goals. Additionally, Total Quality Management improves quality, reduces costs, and promotes a quality culture within the organization, ultimately contributing to sustainable development through enhanced institutional performance. The use of these costing techniques, Green Target Costing and Total Quality Management, enables organizations to achieve sustainable …

The Role Of Visible Management Practices In Reducing Administrative Corruption, An Exploratory Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Employees At The Technical Institute / Mosul, Yasser Salem Hussein Ahmed, Raghad Mohammed Yahya Suleiman Kharoufa

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The research aims to determine the extent to which visual management, with its extended dimensions (setting work requirements, eliminating and purifying, and reducing waste), can limit its administrative impact in the research organization. The research problem crystallized in raising the following questions: What is related to the agreement and influence between management practices and management even after the management director? to achieve what the current research sought, the descriptive analytical approach was adopted. The study community was identified in the Technical Institute-Mosul, which is one of the formations affiliated with the Northern Technical University to apply the analytical aspect of …

Exploring The Relationship Between Quality Audits Performance Metrics And Compliance Within Healthcare Quality Management Systems, Abdulrahman Abdullah Alrahmani

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This research examines the complex interconnections for quality audits, performance measurements, and compliance rates inside a healthcare quality management system by analyzing data coming from 500 patients across several departments within a single hospital. The study adopts a quantitative methodology, including diverse healthcare quality metrics such as patient satisfaction, infection rates, readmission rates, and medical mistakes. Statistical analysis indicated a robust positive connection (r = 0.808, p < 0.05) between quality audit scores, and performance measures, indicating, that elevated audit scores strongly predicted superior hospital performance. The association between compliance rates, and performance measurements used to be poor (r = 0.004, p > 0.05), indicating a more intricate interaction within the quality management system analysis for departments including Cardiology, Neurology, Orthopedics, Pediatrics, and General Medicine revealed comparable trends, alongside correlation values between 0.77, and 0.83. ANOVA …

The Role Of The Liquidity Gap In Credit Expansion - An Analytical Study Of A Sample Of Commercial Banks Listed On The Iraq Stock Exchange, Laila Abdul Karim Mohammed

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This research aims to analyze the specificity of succession between nine and the expansion of credit on the establishment consisting of five private Iraqi commercial banks for the period (2014-2023). The research may be conducted at the level of descriptive analysis with standard employment trends and relative analyses and analysis of these ratios by relying on the following financial data of the banks under study and analyzing them, The research results showed that all the banks studied have a positive liquidity gap, but this excess liquidity was not reflected in credit expansion, as Iraqi banks behave conservatively in investing their …

The Impact Of Applying Of International Financial Reporting Standards (Ifrs) On The Quality Of Financial Information: Exploratory Study Of A Sample Of Academic Specialists Accounting And University Staff In The Kurdistan Region Of Iraq, Adil Abdulqader Mustafa Almzory, Firas Akram Mohammed Al-Aqrawi, Dlawar Qader Abbas

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The objective of this study is to examine the qualitative characteristics of financial information and analyze their relationship with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and to investigate the perspectives of the study sample regarding the impact of IFRS on the quality of financial information Which shows that the research problem from the main and sub-questions is whether the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) significantly affect the quality of financial information and the basic qualitative aspects of financial information. In this research, have been used primary data. Primary data have been collected through the answers received from Sample of Academic Specialists …

The Impact Of Media Convergence On Accounting Information System Effectiveness: A Contingency Conditions Perspective, Haetham H. Kasem Alkhaffaf, Alaa A. D. Taha, Arsalan Ibraheem Alafandi

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This research investigates the effect of media convergence on AIS in SMEs in Iraq during emergencies. The adopted research methodology was quantitative in nature in which 301 accountants participated in the study, and the phenomenon was measured using partial least squares structural equation modelling (SEM-PLS). The findings reveal the net benefits of decision-making and demonstrate how useful they are for Iraqi SMEs to consider while making decisions based on the factors like civil strife and the COVID-19 outbreak. This research contributes to the literature by analysing the MCI according to the hypothetical model in the context of Iraqi SMEs and …

Developing Islamic Finance Products Between Shari Ah Compliance And Contemporary Innovation, Safaa Faleeh Hassan

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The research aims to explore ways to reconcile adherence to the sharia principles governing Islamic financial products. The study examines how the established values and principles of the Islamic financial system contribute to enhancing trust and legitimacy, while innovation facilitates the adoption of modern financial technologies and instruments to meet evolving market needs. Drawing on a review of literature and applied studies, the research provides a theoretical framework that links the preservation of Sharia heritage with the introduction of new initiatives designed to boost efficiency and flexibility in financial services. Additionally, the study discusses the challenges that institutions face in …

The Smart Organization And Its Role In Enhancing The Quality Of Hybrid Education Through Outstanding Performance An Analytical Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Professors From The College Of Medicine At The University Of Karbala, Muntadhar Zuhair Hassan

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The research aims to demonstrate the role of the smart organization in enhancing the quality of hybrid education through the mediating role of outstanding performance, applied to a sample of professors at the College of Medicine at the University of Karbala. The research variables included (the smart organization, its dimensions of behavioral competence, strategic vision, and supportive incentive system. The dependent variable was hybrid education, its dimensions of physical and digital dimensions, and institutional support. The mediating variable was outstanding performance, its dimensions of financial perspective, customer perspective, and learning and growth). The questionnaire was used as a tool for …

(Transmuted Lower Record Type Rayleigh Pareto Distribution) Proposal: Characteristics And Application, Osama Abdul Azeez Kadhim Al-Quraishi

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

In many scientific applications, data follow a pattern indicating a rapid decline in the probability of survival over time. The Rayleigh Pareto distribution is often used to model these patterns, but it sometimes lacks sufficient accuracy in representing the points that occur at the beginning of failure. In the practical aspect, most people are exposed to sudden death as a result of respiratory infection, especially in old age, so we need distributions that are more consistent to solve these problems. The aim of the research is to study a new formula for the Rayleigh Pareto distribution by adding an additional …