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Articles 151 - 180 of 366
Full-Text Articles in Peace and Conflict Studies
Can The Organization Of Islamic Cooperation (Oic) Resolve Conflicts?, Ibrahim Sharqieh
Can The Organization Of Islamic Cooperation (Oic) Resolve Conflicts?, Ibrahim Sharqieh
Peace and Conflict Studies
This article examines the potential of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) to contribute to mediation of conflicts in the Muslim world. Based on interviews with OIC senior officials and government officials from Iraq and the Philippines, as well as research involving other primary and secondary sources, the author analyzes four cases in which the OIC participated in mediation efforts: the Philippines, Thailand, Iraq, and Somalia. The article concludes with an assessment of the advantages and challenges of including the OIC in such mediation efforts, as well as recommendations related to capacity-building and inter-organizational partnerships that might enhance the potential …
Conversation With An Interpreter: Considerations For Cross-Language, Cross-Cultural Peacebuilding Research, Maureen P. Flaherty, Sonya Starkova
Conversation With An Interpreter: Considerations For Cross-Language, Cross-Cultural Peacebuilding Research, Maureen P. Flaherty, Sonya Starkova
Peace and Conflict Studies
The ongoing processes of peacebuilding involve dialogue (Lederach 1997) and co-discovery (Freire 1970), which can sometimes be facilitated through academy-initiated research. Qualitative research provides opportunities to move from a positivist approach to a more equal, participatory, interactive exploration that benefits all participants, including the researcher in a “co-production of knowledge” (Karnieli-Miller, Strier, and Pessach 2009 p. 279). Cross-cultural, cross-language research (where researchers and participants do not share the same language), with all its riches, brings particular challenges for all involved. Beyond the issues of power and perceived power in any kind of research (Sprague 2005), in cross-cultural and cross-language research, …
Front Matter, Peace And Conflict Studies
Front Matter, Peace And Conflict Studies
Peace and Conflict Studies
No abstract provided.
Islamic Fundamentalism: A Quantitative Analysis, D. Dustin Berna
Islamic Fundamentalism: A Quantitative Analysis, D. Dustin Berna
Peace and Conflict Studies
Islamic fundamentalist movements are inherently anti-system social movements. An anti-system social movement is designed to criticize governmental institutions and the political mainstream while mobilizing disaffected individuals against the existing sociopolitical and socioeconomic institutions. What is lacking in the mindset of many Western politicians, practitioners, the media, and the general public is a basic understanding of Islamic fundamentalism; specifically, the causes. This is the first quantitative analysis of potential causes of Islamic fundamentalism. I have created a unique data set that contains every Islamic fundamentalist group that is or has been in operation from 1970 through 2008. This fundamentalist data set …
Economic Aid And Conflict Transformation In Northern Ireland And The Border Area: Respondents’ Perceptions Of Awareness, Fairness, Trust Building, And Sustainability, Peter Karari, Sean Byrne, Olga Skarlato, Kawser Ahmed
Economic Aid And Conflict Transformation In Northern Ireland And The Border Area: Respondents’ Perceptions Of Awareness, Fairness, Trust Building, And Sustainability, Peter Karari, Sean Byrne, Olga Skarlato, Kawser Ahmed
Peace and Conflict Studies
Intractable ethnopolitical conflicts emanate from the social, political, cultural, and economic marginalization of some community groups. To address these conflicts, the affected groups are often provided with life changing opportunities to enhance justice, equality, dignity and freedom. In the past, Northern Ireland has been a turbulent sea of violent conflict between Unionists and Nationalists. To address the underlying root causes of the conflict, economic aid through the International Fund for Ireland (IFI) and the European Union (EU) Peace II Fund is aimed at facilitating sustainable peacebuilding, reconciliation and community development. In this study, 95 community group leaders, civil servants, and …
Redefining Sovereignty: An Analysis Of U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki Moon’S Rhetoric On The Responsibility To Protect Doctrine, Jason Edwards
Redefining Sovereignty: An Analysis Of U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki Moon’S Rhetoric On The Responsibility To Protect Doctrine, Jason Edwards
Peace and Conflict Studies
This essay examines United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon’s rhetoric concerning the responsibility to protect doctrine (R2P). This essay seeks to rhetorically map the arguments concerning the nature of R2P and what its specific components are. Specifically, I argue that Ban Ki-Moon’s rhetoric serves to redefine and update sovereignty and the responsibilities of statehood for a twenty-first century world. The rhetoric of R2P has important implications for the debates surrounding military intervention on “humanitarian” grounds.
Faith-Based Peacebuilding: A Case Study Of The National Council Of Churches Of Kenya, John Mwangi Githigaro
Faith-Based Peacebuilding: A Case Study Of The National Council Of Churches Of Kenya, John Mwangi Githigaro
Peace and Conflict Studies
This article explores the peacebuilding contribution of the National Council of Churches of Kenya (NCCK), following the post-2007 election violence in Kenya. Faith-based organizations are increasingly taking an active role in peacebuilding in conflict prone and affected societies. The paper presents research findings that the NCCK perceived that it was positively involved in areas of humanitarian assistance and building of bridges among communities divided by the violence. The paper contextualizes the triggers or the causes of the post-election violence in Kenya after the December 2007 elections and offers suggestions for peaceful co-existence.
The Israeli-Palestinian Oslo Process: A Prenegotiation Perspective, Amira Schiff
The Israeli-Palestinian Oslo Process: A Prenegotiation Perspective, Amira Schiff
Peace and Conflict Studies
In this paper, I explore the prenegotiation process between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), which extended over eight months in 1993 and ended with the signing of the Declaration of Principles (DOP) in September of that year. During this period, the parties committed to recognize each other and conduct future negotiations with the aim of ending a century of conflict. The DOP was considered a significant breakthrough in Israeli-Palestinian relations. Scholars of Conflict Resolution typically view the discussions that led to the DOP as a positive example of how antagonists in ethno-national conflicts begin a course of constructive …
Front Matter, Peace And Conflict Studies
Front Matter, Peace And Conflict Studies
Peace and Conflict Studies
No abstract provided.
Asymmetry In Cross-Conflict Collaboration: Is There A Gender Factor?, Galia Golan
Asymmetry In Cross-Conflict Collaboration: Is There A Gender Factor?, Galia Golan
Peace and Conflict Studies
Asymmetry of power is an acknowledged phenomenon in negotiation, and there are a number of devices for dealing with it. Similarly, alternative dispute resolution seeks to neutralize asymmetry of power by using an interest-based model of cross-conflict collaboration, but research has indicated that asymmetry persists nonetheless. The role of gender in negotiation has been researched, and to a far lesser degree, also with regard to alternative dispute resolution. Some of the gender in negotiation research has introduced the element of asymmetry of power as well. Prompted by the highlighting of asymmetry in Israeli-Palestinian all-women alternative dispute resolution (cross-conflict collaboration), the …
Volume 18, Number 2 (Fall 2011), Peace And Conflict Studies
Volume 18, Number 2 (Fall 2011), Peace And Conflict Studies
Peace and Conflict Studies
No abstract provided.
Restorative Classrooms: Critical Peace Education In A Juvenile Detention Home, Cheryl Duckworth
Restorative Classrooms: Critical Peace Education In A Juvenile Detention Home, Cheryl Duckworth
Peace and Conflict Studies
This article describes several of the more successful critical peace education methodologies and perspectives that I was able to bring to my classroom in a juvenile detention home. For example, reflective writing and community analysis of nonviolent peace movements formed the core of my curriculum, as did critical analysis of the social processes of stereotyping and dehumanization. As a result, numerous students grew in their ability to write, express empathy with others, identify bias and articulate critical analysis of their schools, among other political systems. This analysis will contribute to the growing body of work on the practice of critical …
The Legal Implications Arising From Economic And Social Reconstruction As An Aspect Of Peace Support Operations, Claire Breen
The Legal Implications Arising From Economic And Social Reconstruction As An Aspect Of Peace Support Operations, Claire Breen
Peace and Conflict Studies
This article asserts that the link between peace and security and stabilization and development, as exemplified by the UN-mandated international presences in Afghanistan, is to be welcomed but that, from the perspective of the laws governing both the use of force and the conduct of warfare, such an evolution is problematic for a number of reasons. One, the broader functions of the military in peace support raises questions for jus ad bellum such as determining whether the basis for the peace enforcement has been achieved, as States and their armed forces engage in stabilization and state-building initiatives as a means …
Robust Peacekeeping? Panacea For Human Rights Violations, Kofi Nsia-Pepra
Robust Peacekeeping? Panacea For Human Rights Violations, Kofi Nsia-Pepra
Peace and Conflict Studies
This paper examines the conviction that robust peacekeeping—a strong and forceful peacekeeping force—works better than traditional UN peacekeeping mechanisms in reducing human rights violations, specifically, civilian killing, in areas of deployment. I seek to analyze both the operational and internal characteristics of UN peacekeeping operations in an effort to understand the hindrances to achieving the objective of protecting human rights. Specifically, the study examines the contributions of key structural variables, including the mission type, weapon type, rules of engagement, mission strength, and major power participation controlling for other intervening variables using negative binomial and logit regression models. The empirical results …
Front Matter, Peace And Conflict Studies
Front Matter, Peace And Conflict Studies
Peace and Conflict Studies
No abstract provided.
Disputes Over Water Resources: A History Of Conflict And Cooperation In Drainage Basins, Shavkat Kasymov
Disputes Over Water Resources: A History Of Conflict And Cooperation In Drainage Basins, Shavkat Kasymov
Peace and Conflict Studies
This paper presents the analysis of conflict history over freshwater in several drainage basins across the planet. As will be demonstrated in this paper, unilateral water policies have proved to reduce the role and prospect of water treaties and international water sharing regimes, and led to political tensions and conflicts. The main argument of the essay is that unilateral diversions of water flows will instigate wars between riparian states because of the rising demand for freshwater in the future. Unilateral practices of water diversion create a situation of inequitable distribution of water among nation-states within a basin which is a …
Front Matter, Peace And Conflict Studies
Front Matter, Peace And Conflict Studies
Peace and Conflict Studies
No abstract provided.
Culture And Procedural Justice In Transitioning Societies, Landon E. Hancock, Tamra Pearson D’Estrée
Culture And Procedural Justice In Transitioning Societies, Landon E. Hancock, Tamra Pearson D’Estrée
Peace and Conflict Studies
In any transitional justice mechanism there are tradeoffs between the search for retributive justice and the practical limitations on what can be accomplished. To date, this tension has been discussed in reference to internationally established norms of justice, which the authors argue are limited in the extent to which they can explain why certain mechanisms—such as the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission or Rwanda’s gacaca courts—have been considered successful. We argue that mechanisms that have a high overlap between local culture and elements of procedural justice are perceived as more fair and just, even to those who may not …
Constructive Noncooperation: Living In Truth, Mark A. Mattaini, Kristen Atkinson
Constructive Noncooperation: Living In Truth, Mark A. Mattaini, Kristen Atkinson
Peace and Conflict Studies
Mohandas Gandhi often indicated that nonviolence was “a science,” and he appears to have meant this literally. Consistent with this vision, in this paper, we outline and apply principles of behavioral systems science, an emerging data-based approach to understanding the dynamics of complex cultural systems, to the practice of constructive noncooperation (Gandhi’s “constructive programme”). Although Gandhi emphasized that constructive action was the most important and potent of nonviolent strategic options, constructive alternatives have been the least developed in the literature of nonviolent struggle. The reconceptualization of constructive noncooperation in behavioral systems terms offered here suggests that rigorous analysis of Havel’s …
Volume 18, Number 1 (Spring 2011), Peace And Conflict Studies
Volume 18, Number 1 (Spring 2011), Peace And Conflict Studies
Peace and Conflict Studies
No abstract provided.
Nigeria’S Niger Delta: Militia Violence, Amnesty, And Energy Security, Ibaba Samuel Ibaba
Nigeria’S Niger Delta: Militia Violence, Amnesty, And Energy Security, Ibaba Samuel Ibaba
Peace and Conflict Studies
This paper discusses the interface between violence in the Niger Delta, global energy security and amnesty granted to armed groups by the Nigerian government. The author notes the impact of the violence on energy infrastructure and brings to the fore how the violence endangers energy security. Thus far, a major concern is that the amnesty program will fail because it was not preceded by negotiations between the government and combatants. The author questions this view and points outs that before the amnesty proclamation, several negotiations through committees and commissions involving stakeholders had been done. The paper thus argues that it …
The Coalition Of The Unwilling: Contentious Politics, Political Opportunity Structures, And Challenges For The Contemporary Peace Movement, Victoria Carty
The Coalition Of The Unwilling: Contentious Politics, Political Opportunity Structures, And Challenges For The Contemporary Peace Movement, Victoria Carty
Peace and Conflict Studies
The Bush Doctrine, which was installed after the 9-11 attacks on the United States under the guise of the war on terrorism, postulated a vision of the United States as the world’s unchallenged superpower and the invasion of Iraq became one of the central fronts of this war. After failing to get approval by the United Nations for the invasion, the Bush Administration’s attempt to assemble a coalition of the willing became critical to the battle for public opinion to back the war. While the administration was able to garner some support, the coalition eventually unravelled and all troops are …
On The Cusp Of Water War: A Diagnostic Account Of The Volatile Geopolitics Of The Middle East, Ahmed Abukhater
On The Cusp Of Water War: A Diagnostic Account Of The Volatile Geopolitics Of The Middle East, Ahmed Abukhater
Peace and Conflict Studies
This paper provides a diagnostic account of the nature and severity of the trans-boundary water resources conflict in the Middle East and how it is intertwined with issues of high politics. The concepts and analytical framework provided in this paper represent universal principles that, while applying to the Middle East water conflict, are also reflective of and applicable to many other disputes over natural resources around the world. This aspect about the research is particularly of great interest to the quest and scope of many other researches, considering the Palestinian-Israeli conflict is regarded as the sine qua non from which …
The “Public” In “Public Peace Process” And In “Mini-Publics:” A Dialogue Between Democratic Theory And Peace Studies, Amit Ron
Peace and Conflict Studies
The recent attention of peace studies scholars to the role of the "public" parallels an increased interest of democratic theorists in the legitimacy of "mini-publics:" initiatives that bring small groups of citizens together to discuss policy issues. In fact, democratic activists and peace activists who seek to engage the public face similar theoretical and practical challenges. The purpose of this article is to contribute to an emerging dialogue between the disciplines of democratic theory and peace studies. Such a dialogue can be beneficial in at least two ways: it allows an exploration of the role of legitimacy in public peace …
Letters Of Intent, Costly Signals, And Local Peacemaking In The Georgian-Abkhaz Conflict, Spencer B. Meredith Iii
Letters Of Intent, Costly Signals, And Local Peacemaking In The Georgian-Abkhaz Conflict, Spencer B. Meredith Iii
Peace and Conflict Studies
A state of near-war lasted for almost two decades between Georgia and the separatist region of Abkhazia. Localized violence plagued neighboring communities while United Nations agencies, humanitarian groups, and religious organizations worked with both sides to resolve the conflict’s underlying causes. Unfortunately, those diverse and long-standing efforts proved fruitless when the parties went to war in August 2008. This article examines the reasons for the conflict’s enduring nature and presents an example of grassroots peacemaking completed by university students focused on the plight of Georgia’s domestic refugees. An in-depth case study reveals the impact of their unilateral peacemaking efforts to …
Who Is More Humane? An Ethnographic Account Of Power Struggles In Jewish-Palestinian Dialogue Encounters, Nava Sonnenschein, Zvi Bekerman
Who Is More Humane? An Ethnographic Account Of Power Struggles In Jewish-Palestinian Dialogue Encounters, Nava Sonnenschein, Zvi Bekerman
Peace and Conflict Studies
This study addresses the question of majority-minority relations in situations of intractable conflict (Bar-Tal 2000). The study focuses on processes involved in the majority Jewish group’s construction of images of the Palestinian minority group, all citizens of Israel, while participating in a structured dialogue encounter conducted at Tel Aviv University in Israel. In this dialogue, it was observed that negative inhumane images that the Jews have of the Palestinians were notably expressed by the Jewish group in three situations: to cope with distress when their morality was challenged by the Palestinian group; to preserve the Jewish group's superiority and hegemony …
An Anatomy Of Conflict Resolution In Africa’S Civil Conflicts, George Klay Kieh Jr.
An Anatomy Of Conflict Resolution In Africa’S Civil Conflicts, George Klay Kieh Jr.
Peace and Conflict Studies
The crises of the post-colonial state in Africa have led to civil wars in various African states. In several of these war affected countries, the state has disintegrated and occasioned myriad adverse consequences, including deaths, injuries, the mass displacement of people, and the collapse of the systems of governance. Against this background, this article examines the methods that have been used to terminate civil wars in Africa, and to set into motion the processes of peacebuilding. The article argues that in order to build durable peace in Africa’s post-conflict societies, the post-colonial state needs to be democratically reconstituted.
Volume 17, Number 2 (Fall 2010), Peace And Conflict Studies
Volume 17, Number 2 (Fall 2010), Peace And Conflict Studies
Peace and Conflict Studies
No abstract provided.
Front Matter, Peace And Conflict Studies
Front Matter, Peace And Conflict Studies
Peace and Conflict Studies
No abstract provided.
A Hermeneutics Of Blessing As A Meta-Requisite For Reconciliation: John E. Toews’ Romans Paradigm As A Case Study, Vern Neufeld Redekop
A Hermeneutics Of Blessing As A Meta-Requisite For Reconciliation: John E. Toews’ Romans Paradigm As A Case Study, Vern Neufeld Redekop
Peace and Conflict Studies
Within an overall framework of reconciliation as a transformation of mimetic structures of violence to mimetic structures of blessing, teachings of blessing are needed throughout the process. “Teachings” are considered as paradigmatic stories, principles, insights, and practical wisdom that are derived both from religious traditions and the human sciences. “Blessing” refers to that which contributes to sustained human well-being at the individual, collective and relational levels. A hermeneutics of blessing is a deliberate interpretive endeavour directed toward the generation of teachings of blessing. It can be used with any particular source and the insights can be both direct and inverse, …