Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons^™

Board Policy On Equity And Excellence, Adrienne Coleman, Traci Ellis

Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion: Resources

The Academy recognizes and acknowledges the historical underrepresentation and marginalization of culturally, linguistically, and economically diverse groups, both universally, and particularly, in STEM education and professions. These disparities also exist in the representation of the Academy’s workforce. We are committed to advancing equity in STEM education and representation and creating a diverse, inclusive community of global citizens who can realize their full potential, and execute our mission to advance the human condition, through a model of Equity and Excellence.

Religious Vs. Secular Human Rights Organizations: Discourse, Framing And Action, Charity Butcher, Maia Hallward

Faculty Articles

The study of human rights is dominated by secular voices; however, increasingly the study of international relations recognizes the tension and interplay between the religious and the secular, and the impetus for human rights work has often come from a religious or moral foundation. Although understudied, religious NGOs and religious beliefs and universal ethics have long shaped discourses on human rights in the United Nations. This paper explores the ways in which religious and secular human rights organizations frame, discuss, legitimize and operationalize human rights issues and priorities. Through document analysis and interviews with members of international human rights organizations, …

Critical Peace Pedagogies At The American Center For Civil And Human Rights And The Canadian Museum For Human Rights: A Comparative Case Study, Ion Vlad

Doctoral Dissertations

The struggle for racial equity in the United States and Canada is ongoing. Troubled historical legacies in both countries have present-day implications. African Americans and Indigenous Canadians are still two of the most marginalized populations from the standpoint of socioeconomics and political representation (Giroux, 2013; Vickers, 2012). In order to redress these problems, human rights and peace education have to pose structural questions and expose systemic unbalances. In the recent past, neoliberalism has had a major influence on the organization and content of American and Canadian formal education, obscuring some of these structural questions (Ravitch, 2013). In this context, human …

Voices From The Margins: Service Providers Perspectives On Empowering Refugee Women, Deidra Ann Coleman

Master's Theses

Refugee women face considerable challenges while fleeing their countries, and attempting to adjust to their new lives in their host country. As a result of being both a woman, and a member of a marginalized group, refugee women tend to suffer disproportionately during displacement and and resettlement (UNHCR, 2015). They are more likely to be discriminated due their gender and ethnicity, and to lack the necessary community supports and resources needed to overcome barriers they encounter. In response to the refugee crisis, service organizations have emphasized empowerment as a key way to improve the lives of refugee women. While there …

You Just Gotta Be Able To Pick Something Outta Nothing: Black Students' Sensemaking On Racism In High School, Wallace Grace

Master's Theses

No Abstract

Policymaking And Paid Family Leave: Revitalizing The Family Medical Leave Act Of 1993, Jasmeer Basi

Doctoral Dissertations

The Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA) applies to all public agencies, public schools, private elementary schools, and companies with 50 or more employees. It is designed to help employees balance their work and family responsibilities by allowing them to take unpaid leave for certain family and medical reasons. Employees are eligible for leave if they have worked for their employer at least 12 months, at least 1,250 hours over the past 12 months, and work at a location where the company employs 50 or more employees within 75 miles. However, the FMLA has proven to be ineffective in meeting the …

Mansplaining Vietnam: Male Veterans And America's Popular Image Of The Vietnam War, Gregory A. Daddis

History Faculty Articles and Research

Of the more than 3 million Americans who deployed to Southeast Asia during the United States' involvement in the Vietnamese civil war, only some 7,500 were women. Thus, it seems reasonable that memoirs, novels, and film would privilege the male experience when remembering the Vietnam War. Yet in the aftermath of South Vietnam's collapse, Americans' memory of the war narrowed even further, equating the conflict as a whole to the male combat veteran's story. This synthetic literary review examines some of the more lasting works sustaining the popular narrative of Vietnam, one that was constructed, in substantial part, by veterans …

Ensuring Adequate Financing Of Family Planning Commodities And Services, Moazzam Ali, Benjamin Bellows

Reproductive Health

Increasing efficient and effective investment in family planning (FP) through the public and private sectors is key to meeting the FP2020 goal of helping 120 million additional women become modern contraceptive users. This policy brief identifies several policy and program considerations to ensure adequate financing of family planning commodities and services: sustained fundraising, pooling, and strategic purchasing; reaching new users and improving continuation rates among current users; and conducting further research on family planning quality performance metrics to test their correlation with higher continuation rates. Future efforts to reduce unmet need for FP must consider consumers’ out-of-pocket costs, programmatic cost-effectiveness, …

Strengthening The Integration Of Family Planning And Hiv Services At The Community Level In Kenya, Wilson Liambila, Sara Chace Dwyer, Brian Mdawida, Charlotte E. Warren, Melsa Lutomia, Jane Koech, Elizabeth Washika, Aparna Jain

Reproductive Health

Study findings reveal that many Kenyan women living with HIV are comfortable receiving family planning (FP) services from community health volunteers and with proper training and support, community health volunteers have the potential to provide integrated FP/HIV services. Community-based integrated FP/HIV services could help connect women living with HIV who want to prevent or postpone a pregnancy to contraceptive services, which can reduce unintended pregnancies and in turn maternal mortality and vertical transmission of HIV. This implementation research study offers evidence of the feasibility, quality of care, and acceptability of using community health volunteers to integrate family planning into HIV/AIDS …

Solidarity In Action: Norwegian People's Aid Annual Report 2018, Npa

Global CWD Repository

Norwegian People’s Aid is the labour movement’s humanitarian organisation for solidarity. Norwegian People’s Aid works both nationally and internationally to improve the living conditions of vulnerable groups and to contribute to a fairer society. Norwegian People’s Aid is a membership organisation with 4 main priority areas:

(a) First aid and rescue services (b) Social inclusion work and work with refugees

(c) Work with mines and explosives (d) Long-term development and humanitarian cooperation

This work is organised in two core areas:

• Protection of life and health

• Fair distribution of power and resources

A large part of our activities in …

Shared Interest: How Usaid Enhances U.S. Economic Growth, United States Agency For International Development

Global CWD Repository

The primary objective of United States Government (USG) foreign assistance is to promote U.S. and international security and prosperity by bolstering economic and political stability and self-reliance in developing countries. There is no doubt that investing in global development progress is vital to U.S. national security. However, USG foreign assistance through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) also benefits the U.S. economy and U.S. workers. As one of the most internationally competitive economies in the world, the U.S. is a major exporter of goods and services, and our exports are in demand the world over. As countries get richer, …

Apopo Annual Report 2018, Apopo

Global CWD Repository

APOPO is a non-profit organization with roots in Belgium. For 20 years we have trained African giant pouched rats to detect landmines and tuberculosis around the world. APOPO trains the ‘HeroRATs’ using positive reinforcement – they receive tasty treats when they identify a target scent. HeroRATs are at the core of the organization and this is reflected in the way we protect them and provide loving care and attention.

The main hub of the organization, the Training and R&D center, is located in Tanzania, where all the HeroRATs are trained before being sent to global operations. This is where all …

Itf Enhancing Human Security Annual Report 2018, Itf-Enhancy Human Security

Global CWD Repository

The goal of the Mine Ban Treaty (1997) can’t be clearer: a landmine free world and a safe environment for generations to come. But more than two decades after international community agreed to firm norms and objectives that were achieved through the Ottawa Treaty process, landmines and other explosive remnants of war still indiscriminately impact human victims, often years and decades after the end of armed conflicts. As of November 2018, sixty states and areas remain contaminated by antipersonnel mines, with worrying numbers of civilian casualties, especially children.

Everyday life near contaminated areas is harsh and uncertain. People often knowingly …

Why And How All States Should Join The Convention On Cluster Munitions, Icbl-Cmc

Global CWD Repository

The Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) was established to put an end for all time to the suffering and casualties caused by cluster munitions. It is the most significant humanitarian disarmament treaty of the past decade, with far-reaching obligations. It is adhered to by more than half the world. Its entry into force was triggered by 30 ratifications, which were achieved in a very short period of time – just 14 months. So far the Convention has made great progress, with 97% of States Parties’ stockpiles destroyed, and a notable increase in the clearance of cluster munition-affected land and assistance …

Landmine Monitor 2018, Icbl-Cmc

Global CWD Repository

This is the 20th annual Landmine Monitor report. It is the sister publication to the Cluster Munition Monitor report, first published in November 2010. Landmine Monitor 2018 provides a global overview of the landmine situation. Chapters on developments in specific countries and other areas are available in online Country Profiles at www.the-monitor.org/cp.

Landmine Monitor covers mine ban policy, use, production, trade, and stockpiling, and also includes information on contamination, clearance, casualties, victim assistance, and support for mine action. The report focuses on calendar year 2017, with information included up to November 2018 when possible

Eighth Meeting Of States Parties To The Convention On Cluster Munitions (2018), Convention On Cluster Munitions

Global CWD Repository

This entry contains all of the published documents related to the Eighth Meeting of States Parties to the Convention on Cluster Munitions held in 2018.

A Comparative Study Of Extreme Religious Nationalist Terrorist Groups In The United States, Colleen Arthur

Undergraduate Research Posters

The aim of this paper is to conduct a comparative study of Radical Right Wing terrorism and Radical Islamic terrorism both of which are categorized under the Religious Nationalism/Extremism typology of terrorism. In order to compare and contrast the two fairly, I broke down the ideology, motives, methods, and the demographic profile of members of both Radical Right Wing and Radical Islamic terrorism then provided examples of different groups that fall within those categories in order to effectively illustrate the striking similarities of the two categories that have been addressed and condemned differently by the United States. Then I had …

Hb 69 Grocery Investment Program And Fund, The Grace E. Harris Leadership Institute At Virginia Commonwealth University, Taryn Anthony, Tracey Dunn, Stephen Miller-Pitts, Grant Rissler, Barbara Williams-Lewis

The Grace E. Harris Leadership Institute Publications

In the 2018 session of the Virginia General Assembly, multiple pieces of legislation were brought to committee, proposing the creation of a fund to catalyze public-private partnerships to expand access to Virginians residing in food deserts. Through the creation of the fund, underserved communities would see the construction, rehabilitation and expansion of food retailers in their communities ameliorate food desserts.

Employee Financial Wellness Programs: Differences In Reach By Race And Ethnicity, Sophia R. Fox-Dichter, Mathieu R. Despard, Ellen Frank-Miller, Geraldine Germain

Social Policy Institute Research

Employee Financial Wellness Programs (EF-WPs) consist of a wide array of workplace-based services and benefits that aim to enhance em-ployees’ financial well-being, such as in-person financial coaching, online financial management tools, and payroll advances or short-term loans. EFWP provision varies across employers with few organizations offering the same set of services. The recently released Employee Financial Well-ness Programs Project: Comprehensive Report of Findings notes that EFWP utilization rates and employee self-reported benefits also vary widely. This report continues the examination of varia-tion in EFWP trends by breaking down measures of EFWP reach by employee race and ethnicity. We examine three …

Introduction Of Innovative Medical Practices In Mayo Clinic: Effect Of The Interventions On Patient Outcomes, Duaa I. Aljabri

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: Assessment of health technologies in medical practice is an ongoing process to provide clinicians and policymakers with information on the value of those applications. This dissertation aims to add to the existing body of literature and fill the gaps in prior studies by assessing two health technologies in Mayo Clinic Florida (MCF). The first paper provides an assessment of patient portal adoption and activity during hospitalization among cancer patients, and determines whether a portal application is associated with selected indices of patient safety, utilization and satisfaction. The second paper provides an assessment of a new approach in pain …

How Do Health System Employees With Established Musculoskeletal Complaints Decide On Their Treatment Pathway? A Qualitative Approach, Noor Alshareef

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: Non-pharmacologic treatment such as physical therapy (PT) are advocated for musculoskeletal pain for decreasing opioid use. Early access to PT has been shown to decrease costs and improve outcomes through direct access via self-referral. Although self-referral to PT is permitted in the majority of U.S states, health insurance coverage has been identified as a barrier preventing some patients with musculoskeletal complaints from using it. There are few studies examining patient factors related to early access to physical therapy via self-referral. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors outside of insurance that influence the choice to access …

The Effect Of The Total Maximum Daily Loads(Tmdl) Management Implementation Plan On Total Phosphorus(Tp), Jaejeong Ma April

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

The Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea has been making efforts to improve water quality and the health of the aquatic ecosystems of the inland waters. Establishing water quality standards for point sources and permissible wastewater emission standards to achieve the target environmental standard were part of the efforts. Nevertheless, water quality indexes such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD) has not improved significantly. Also, harmful cyanobacteria blooms have frequently been occurred, which, in particular, has brought people to lose faith in the environmental policy and has created anxiety about drinking water. As the solution, the …

Evaluating The Impact Of State Policies On Charter School Success, Leah Byers

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

Since their inception in 1991, charter schools have become a widely-adopted school choice policy intended to increase educational outcomes through competition and innovation. The details of how states structure their charter school laws are diverse across states, which raises the question of whether certain law parameters are better than others at attracting and maintaining high-quality charter schools.

Charter schools are designed around the basis of market accountability; they must attract students in order to remain in operation. The threat of closure is an incentive built into the charter model that is intended to increase school performance. For this reason, I …

Higher Education In Tajikistan: Institutional Landscape And Key Policy Developments, Alan J. Deyoung, Zumrad Kataeva, Dilrabo Jonbekova

Educational Policy Studies and Evaluation Faculty Publications

Higher education in Tajikistan has undergone substantial changes over the past 25 years as a result of both its internal crises and those social and economic transition challenges seen throughout the Newly Independent States (NIS). HEIs in the country have also shown eagerness to change and grow as they move toward world education space. In this chapter, we examine the evolution of the Tajik system of higher education from the Soviet time through independence (1991–2015) in terms of growth, emerging landscape and diversification, and key policy developments and issues. We analyze these changes in the context of relevant economic, social …

Fiscal Forecasts At The Fomc: Evidence From The Greenbooks, Dean D. Croushore, Simon Van Norden

Economics Faculty Publications

This paper examines fiscal policy forecasts prepared for the Federal Open Market Committee and its influence on U.S. monetary policy. The forecasts contain useful information beyond that in the CBO’s forecasts. Fiscal forecast errors are only weakly correlated with forecast errors for inflation and output growth, but those for the budget surplus are highly correlated with those for the unemployment rate and the output gap. Some fiscal variables can also account for a significant fraction of the “exogenous” changes in the federal funds rate target that Romer and Romer (2004) studied, consistent with the board’s statements on the importance of …

Portland Fire And Rescue: Blueprint For Success, Sean Edging, Mike Kimble, Thea Kinschuh, B. Danielle Schulte, Tristan Sewell

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

In order to maintain response times alongside a growing population while continuing to improve quality of service to the City of Portland, Portland Fire & Rescue (PF&R) is working toward developing strategies to prevent emergencies from happening rather than solely responding to proactive strategies to reduce fire and medical risks before they become worst-case scenarios where a 9-1-1 call must be made. To this end, the City of Portland launched the Vision Zero Campaign for zero fire or traffic fatalities in the service area. The Blueprint for Success strategy, in turn, was created to act as the means of achieving …

The Ecosystem Services And Biodiversity Of Novel Ecosystems: A Literature Review, Cody Evers, Chloe Wardropper, Benjamin Branoff, Elise F. Granek, Shana Hirsch, Timothy E. Link, Sofia Olivero-Lora, Codie Wilson

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Scientists, policy makers, and managers use ecosystem services and biodiversity metrics to inform management goals of novel ecosystems. Fragmented knowledge of the ecosystem services provided by novel ecosystems contributes to disagreement over these systems and how they should be managed. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review of refereed articles to understand how novel ecosystems have changed ecosystem services and biodiversity. Despite anthropogenic drivers of change, we found that the literature on novel ecosystems is focused on ecological rather than social aspects of novel systems. Our review highlights the frequency that novel ecosystems enhance both ecosystem services and …

การศึกษาวิเคราะห์วงจรชีวิตองค์การของทีวีสาธารณะ ศึกษากรณี สถานีโทรทัศน์ไอทีวี สถานีโทรทัศน์ทีไอทีวีและสถานีโทรทัศน์ไทยพีบีเอส, ประภาพรรณ จิตต์วารี

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การศึกษาในครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อทำการศึกษาวิเคราะห์วงจรชีวิตองค์การของทีวีสาธารณะ อันประกอบด้วย สถานีโทรทัศน์ไอทีวี สถานีโทรทัศน์ทีไอทีวีและสถานีโทรทัศน์ไทยพีบีเอสตามแนวคิดทฤษฎีของ Ichak Adizes ผ่านสถานการณ์ที่องค์การเผชิญในแต่ละช่วงวัย รวมทั้งยังเป็นการศึกษาถึงปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการเปลี่ยนผ่านขององค์การในแต่ละระยะช่วงวัยและปัจจัยที่ส่งผลกระทบต่อความเสื่อมถอยและล้มตายขององค์การ โดยใช้ระเบียบวิธีวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพจากการศึกษาเชิงเอกสารผ่านการรวบรวมข้อมูลเอกสาร หนังสือรวบรวมเหตุการณ์ บทสัมภาษณ์ในวารสารและคลิปวิดิโอสั้นต่างๆที่มีการกล่าวถึงพัฒนาการและลำดับเหตุการณ์ที่สำคัญของทีวีสาธารณะ รวมถึงการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกผู้บริหารระดับสูงของทั้ง 3 องค์การกล่าวคือ ผู้บริหารสถานีโทรทัศน์ไอทีวี สถานีโทรทัศน์ทีไอทีวีและสถานีโทรทัศน์ไทยพีบีเอส จำนวนทั้งสิ้น 5 ท่าน เพื่อให้ได้ข้อมูลเชิงลึกที่ครบถ้วนและถูกต้องมากที่สุด จากผลการศึกษาพบว่า สถานีโทรทัศน์ไอทีวีนั้นดำรงอยู่ในระยะระบบราชการ (Bureaucracy) ของวงจรชีวิตองค์การ ส่วนสถานีโทรทัศน์ทีไอทีวีดำรงอยู่ในระยะเข้าสู่ระบบราชการ (Early Bureaucracy) ของวงจรชีวิตองค์การ ซึ่งทั้งสององค์การนั้นต่างเข้าสู่ระยะช่วงวัยที่เผชิญกับความเสื่อมถอยขององค์การทั้งสิ้นแตกต่างจากสถานีโทรทัศน์ไทยพีบีเอสที่ดำรงอยู่ ณ ระยะมั่นคง (Stable) ของวงจรชีวิตองค์การ ทั้งนี้ จากผลการศึกษาได้สะท้อนให้เห็นว่า ความเสื่อมถอยหรือล้มตายขององค์การนั้นไม่จำเป็นต้องเกิดขึ้นจากปัจจัยสภาพแวดล้อมภายในองค์การเพียงอย่างเดียวเท่านั้น แต่สามารถเกิดขึ้นจากปัจจัยสภาพแวดล้อมภายนอกองค์การร่วมด้วย โดยสถานีโทรทัศน์ไอทีวีได้รับผลกระทบจากปัจจัยทางเศรษฐกิจ ปัจจัยการเมืองและปัจจัยเรื่องกฎหมายสัมปทานที่บีบบังคับให้การดำเนินงานขององค์การบิดเบือนออกไปจากเจตนารมณ์เดิมและเป็นเหตุให้องค์การไม่สามารถเดินหน้าต่อไปได้ ขณะเดียวกัน ในส่วนของสถานีโทรทัศน์ทีไอทีวีก็ได้รับผลกระทบจากปัจจัยการเมืองจากการออกคำสั่งให้องค์การต้องแปรสภาพองค์การเป็นทีวีสาธารณะแห่งแรกของประเทศไทย รวมถึงผลพวงจากการเปลี่ยนแปลงการบริหารงานจากภาคเอกชนมาสู่การกำกับดูแลภายใต้องค์การภาครัฐเป็นการสร้างความยุ่งยากในการดำเนินงานรวมถึงการเป็นภาระขององค์การภาครัฐในการทำหน้าที่กำกับดูแลองค์การเพิ่มเติมยิ่งเป็นตัวเร่งหนึ่งให้สถานีโทรทัศน์ทีไอทีวีได้เผชิญความเสื่อมและปิดตัวลงในที่สุด อย่างไรก็ดี จากบทเรียนที่ล้มเหลวของสถานีโทรทัศน์ทั้งสองข้างต้นได้ทำให้สถานีโทรทัศน์ไทยพีบีเอสถือกำเนิดขึ้นเรียนรู้ที่จะกำจัดช่องโหว่จากปัจจัยภายนอกเหล่านั้น เพื่อคงไว้ซึ่งเจตนารมณ์และพันธกิจหลักของการเป็นทีวีสาธารณะ อย่างไรก็ตาม สถานีโทรทัศน์ไทยพีบีเอสยังคงประสบกับความเสี่ยงของปัจจัยภายนอกจำนวนมากที่ส่งแรงกระเพื่อมต่อการดำเนินงานอยู่เสมอ อันประกอบด้วย ปัจจัยทางการเมืองจากความพยายามแทรกแซงเพื่อลดทอนงบประมาณการดำเนินงานขององค์การหรือปัจจัยจากการแข่งขันทางธุรกิจที่สูงขึ้นอันเกิดจากกฎหมายอนุญาตการประมูลคลื่นความถี่ระบบดิจิทัลที่ทำให้ประชาชนมีโอกาสเลือกชมสื่อโทรทัศน์ได้หลายหลายมากขึ้น หรือแม้แต่การพฤติกรรมการบริโภคสื่อของประชาชนที่เปลี่ยนไป ซึ่งเป็นเหตุให้องค์การไม่สามารถรักษาระยะสมดุล (Prime) ขององค์การบนวงจรชีวิตองค์การไว้ได้และเข้าสู่ระยะมั่นคง (Stable) ในที่สุด และเนื่องจากในอดีตจวบจนถึงปัจจุบันนั้น สื่อสาธารณะเป็นสิ่งที่ภาคประชาชนเรียกร้องให้เกิดขึ้นสังคมไทยมาโดยตลอด อนึ่ง แม้ว่าแนวความคิดดังกล่าวนั้นจะถูกประดิษฐ์สร้างขึ้นในรูปของทีวีเสรี อันได้แก่ สถานีโทรทัศน์ไอทีวีและสถานีโทรทัศน์ทีไอทีวีแล้ว แต่อย่างไรก็ตาม ทีวีเสรีทั้งสององค์การนั้นกลับประสบความล้มเหลวและเผชิญกับความเสื่อมถอย ล้มตายจนต้องยุติกิจการ ก่อนที่จะได้ทำการแปรสภาพเป็นทีวีสาธารณะแห่งแรกของประเทศไทย ซึ่งถึงแม้ว่าสถานีโทรทัศน์ไทยพีบีเอสจะได้นำบทเรียนจากทีวีเสรีมาปรับแก้และปิดกลบช่องโหว่เดิมแล้วก็ตาม แต่ทีวีสาธารณะในปัจจุบันก็ยังคงเผชิญกับปัจจัยจากสภาพแวดล้อมอีกหลายประการ จึงจำเป็นที่จะต้องตื่นตัวที่จะปรับปรุงและพัฒนาสื่อให้มีคุณภาพและสอดรับกับภารกิจการดำเนินงานขององค์การ ทั้งการเปิดพื้นที่สาธารณะให้แก่ประชาชนทุกกลุ่มสามารถเข้าถึงข้อมูลข่าวสารที่มีคุณภาพและสร้างสรรค์ อีกทั้งยังเป็นสื่อที่เคียงข้างประชาชนโดยปราศจากการถูกครอบงำและแทรกแซงจากภาคการเมือง ภาคเอกชนและพร้อมเปิดโอกาสให้ประชาชนมีส่วนร่วมในการแสดงความคิดเห็นอย่างแท้จริงเพื่อหลีกหนีจากความเสื่อมหรือความตายดังเช่นที่เคยเป็นมาและยังสร้างอัตลักษณ์ในการเป็นทีวีสาธารณะที่มีความแตกต่างอย่างยั่งยืนด้วย

African American Male Ex-Offenders' Perceptions Of A Reentry Program's Impact On Recidivating, Latoya Rochelle Burt

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African American male ex-offenders struggle with lack of assistance during their transition from incarceration, and they encounter many barriers when released back into the community. The purpose of my general qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of whether the reentry program impacted African American male ex-offenders likelihood of recidivating within one year. The theoretical framework included labeling theory, social disorganization theory, and social learning theory. The population consisted of 60 African American male ex-offenders intake participants of a reentry program that all completed the Client Satisfaction Survey. A purposive random sampling method was used to select ten participants for …

Local Law Enforcement's Ability To Transform Inputs Into Counterterrorism Outputs, Melissa S. Gresham

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Leadership within local police organizations should be able to, but do not, process information and create actionable strategies aimed toward proactive counterterrorism practices. This problem could lead to future terrorist attacks within the United States if police agencies do not adjust their tactics in response to growing terrorist threats. A possible cause of this problem is that leadership within local law enforcement agencies is reactive in nature and as a consequence, do not encourage officers to engage in proactive strategies. Using Easton's conceptualization of systems theory as the foundation, the purpose of this case study of a single law enforcement …