Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons^™

Contested Narratives: Theoretical Foundations For A Predictive Model Of Policy Content, Raul Antonio Medellin

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This work introduces a model to analyze policy making as an iterative narrative contestation process from which policy content can be forecasted. A theoretical foundation for the validity of introducing the Contested Narratives Forecast Model (CNF) as a new theoretical model for policy analysis is established using Lakatos' Methodology of Scientific Research Programs (MSRP). Next, an argument is made that the theoretical frameworks on which the CNF is based are not only ontologically compatible, but they also complement each other to neutralize some of their greatest weaknesses. Finally, the CNF is described using Lakatos' concepts of a negative heuristic, a …

Impacts Of Transportation Infrastructure Proximity And Accessibility On Real Property Values, Arturo Bujanda

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Investments in public infrastructure such as highways, airports, mass transit, and stadiums can increase adjacent property values, generating a value premium for private developers and adjacent property owners. A portion of this value can be "captured" as public revenue via property taxes to assist financing such improvements. States and local governments aim to anticipate and capture the economic value created by transportation accessibility. While value capture (VC) represents an opportunity for regional agencies to recapture some transportation infrastructure costs, it is not clear how much value is added by the infrastructure in a particular region. This research applies geographic weighted …

The Spillover Effects Of Conflict On Economic Growth Along The U.S.-Mexico Border, Karen Elizabeth Trevino

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The violence and insecurity that Mexico has suffered since former President Calderon's war on drugs has come at a grave economic cost to the cities most affected. Businesses and citizens in counties that shared a border with the United States, however, have the ability to move their capital and businesses in search of regaining profits that had been lost due to the insecurity in their cities. These specific counties are considered to be interdependent borderlands, which signify that these borders are in a border region where one nation is symbiotically linked with the border region of an adjoining country. This …

The Global Health Security Agenda In An Age Of Biosecurity, Lawrence O. Gostin, Alexandra Phelan

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Historically, the Oval Office has been a leader in global health assistance. From the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and the President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) under the Bush Administration, to the Global Health Initiative launched by President Obama in 2009. However, unlike PEPFAR and PMI, the Global Health Initiative met an untimely end with the launch of a bold new global health measure by the Obama Administration: the Global Health Security Agenda (GHS Agenda). The GHS Agenda aims to “accelerate progress toward a world safe and secure from infectious disease threats” through a US-led diplomatic collaboration with 30 …

Support For Sister-Affiliated Ministries During Challenging Times: Understanding A Foundation Initiative In Two Regions, Robert L. Fischer

Faculty Scholarship

This article describes the efforts of two foundations to sustain the ministries of Catholic sisters in two regions: northeast Ohio and South Carolina. Spanning more than 10 years, the initiative has drawn on multiple strategies – including convening, grantmaking, communicating, and research – in partnership with sisters themselves to sustain a diverse set of ministries. The work informs foundation practice by illuminating an approach to capacity development in very different regional contexts. Key lessons include being sensitive to the context, paying attention to both individual and organizational capacity, and the need for data.

Building Resilience In A Major City Evacuation Plan Using Simulation Modeling, Adam Kirby, James Eric Dietz, Eric Matson, Joseph Pekny, Clifford Wojtalewicz

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

This study provides data on the optimal staff, materials, space, and time resources required to operate a regional hub reception center, a “short-term facility with the goal to process and transport displaced survivors (evacuees) to temporary or permanent shelters following a catastrophic incident,” (Regional Catastrophic Planning Team, 2012). The facility will process approximately 20,000 evacuees over its entire seven-day duration following a disaster to assist in community resilience. The study was performed using a model created using the computer simulation software, AnyLogic. The results of the study demonstrated that the goals set forth by the Illinois-Indiana-Wisconsin Regional Catastrophic Planning Team …

Resilient Cities: Plan Evaluation For Floods, Hwayoung Kim, Ryuji Kakimoto

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

A local hazard mitigation plan (LHMP) is the fundamental base to protect individual properties and citizens’ lives from the local chronic and unexpected, overwhelming natural disasters. Each community prepares their own LHMP based on their specific features and conditions since regions are different by geographical features, social norms, and cultural backgrounds. Of those differences, this study focuses on how the developed countries in hazard mitigation consist of LHMP and which part of the plan is strong or weak. This research presents comparisons for the LHMPs communities in three different countries: USA, Japan, and Korea. Indicators used in the research are …

Motive And Conflict In The Disaster Recovery Process Of Housing Reconstruction In Sri Lanka After The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, Chang Yeol Choi, Riki Honda

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

Normative solutions for the successful recovery from large-scale disasters have been presented by various researches, but implementation requires a long process, and mechanism for the process to continue is necessary. We consider the consistency among strategies of stakeholders such as government and NGOs. These players make a decision based on not only direct motive but various complex motives and interaction with other players. This paper considers interactive decision-making as a game among stakeholders. As a case to study, we analyze housing reconstruction project in Sri Lanka after the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. There was relatively abundant financial support, but the …

Meeting The Challenge Of Reconstruction And Development In Fragile States: Lessons From Aceh, Haiti, And South Sudan, Josef Leitmann

International Institute for Infrastructure Resilience and Reconstruction (I3R2) Conference

Reconstruction and development in poor, fragile countries present a double challenge: tackling the issues of poverty and underdevelopment as well as the constraints posed by instability, poor governance, and weak capacity. This context generates a range of problems that include: insecurity, insufficient planning, inadequate implementation capacity, poor financial management, misprocurement, corruption, a volatile fiscal environment, ineffective donor coordination, and negative environmental and social impacts. The paper draws lessons from positive and negative experiences in meeting these challenges in three conflict- and/or disaster-affected cases: Aceh Province, Indonesia (postdisaster reconstruction and postconflict development following the tsunami and earthquakes of 2004), Haiti (postdisaster …

Validity Of The Educator Evaluation Instrument In The State Of West Virginia, Carla Howe

Wayne State University Dissertations

In the state of West Virginia, the educator evaluation system was implemented in 2010 as part of a comprehensive system of support to increase teacher effectiveness and student learning. As part of the system, the Educator Evaluation Instrument was developed to measure teachers' effectiveness. This study was conducted to determine whether the Educator Evaluation Instrument was valid for use in measuring effectiveness.

A hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis (HCFA) was conducted on the scores from the demonstration year. The data were not normal, nor was good model fit established based on the current model. Because good model fit could not be …

Regime Theory Revisited: The Role Of Nonprofit Organizations In Urban Policymaking, Michelle Lynn Wooddell

Wayne State University Dissertations

REGIME THEORY REVISITED: THE ROLE

OF NONPROFITS IN URBAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

by

MICHELLE L. WOODDELL

AUGUST 2014

Advisor: Dr. Brady Baybeck

Major: Political Science

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

While quite a bit has been written about the policymaking roles played by government and business actors, much less attention has been paid to the ways in which the U.S. nonprofit sector contributes to policy outcomes in urban areas. The dominant theory of urban governance, regime theory, has thus far marginalized the policymaking importance of nonprofits in urban areas, arguing that their role has largely been restricted to that of interested observer …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 2: The Road To Good Intentions: British Nation-Building In Aden, Scott Smitson

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for The Road to Good Intentions: British Nation-building in Aden, by Scott Smitson.

Despite well over a century of colonial influence in South Arabia, the British government failed to create a lasting and effective constitutional construct. Challenges included addressing the myriad of issues inherent when trying to introduce democratic institutions in an area that had little to no experience with democratic norms and ideas concurrent with western perceptions of modern states. Culminating in the Aden Emergency of 1964–1967, the British efforts to disengage from its former colonial territory in a preplanned manner transformed into a complex operation …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 10: Military Provision Of Humanitarian And Civic Assistance: A Day In The Life Of A Civil Affairs Team In The Horn Of Africa, Jessica Piombo

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for Military Provision of Humanitarian and Civic Assistance: A Day in the Life of a Civil Affairs Team in the Horn of Africa, by Jessica Piombo.

This case study is designed as a retrospective study to encourage discussion about the ways that Civil Affairs teams operate; the logic and implications of how and where the U.S. military conducts strategically focused humanitarian assistance; and the impact of the Combined Joint Task Force–Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) in the region. The case raises larger issues about civil-military coordination in stabilization and reconstruction activities as a secondary focus. It engages the …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 9: The Kuwait Task Force: Postconflict Planning And Interagency Coordination, Dennis Barlow

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for The Kuwait Task Force: Postconflict Planning and Interagency Coordination, by Dennis Barlow.

Virtually all national security planners decry the lack of interagency planning and cooperation, yet very few attempts have been made to codify or solidify this critical process successfully. This case study demonstrates that a great part of insuring interagency cooperation and integration rests with mid-level planners and staff members. They must not only know their own area of expertise, but need to be ready to advocate courses of action by identifying and utilizing interagency mechanisms and “openings” to energize the system.

Teaching Notes For Chapter 8: Right And Wrong, Balanced On The Edge Of A Spear: U.S. Forces At A Mosque In Baghdad, Joshua Potter

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for Right and Wrong, Balanced on the Edge of a Spear: U.S. Forces at a Mosque in Baghdad, by Joshua Potter.

The purpose of this case is to provide a framework to understand the complex operational environment facing a U.S. advisor team, and to equip the student to ask the right questions that will help him or her to be prepared.

This case study will take students through the leadership challenges faced by an advisor team in Iraq. The discussions are intended to provide an understanding of local politics, including an appreciation for the expectations and needs …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 7: Leading Healing In A Broken Unit, Edward H. Powley, Scott N. Taylor

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for Leading Healing in a Broken Unit, by Edward H. Powley and Scott N. Taylor.

Source material for this case study comes from the following: the first-hand experiences of an officer embedded within the ground combat element of a Marine Air Ground Task Force; reports on the use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanistan; and first-hand knowledge of military officers recently returned from combat operations. Specific names, dates, and locations have been changed and descriptive background information added.

The announcement of increased deployments meant additional preparations for many military units that anticipated deployment to …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 6: Security By Contractor: Outsourcing In Peace And Stability Operations, Volker Franke

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for Security by Contractor: Outsourcing in Peace and Stability Operations, by Volker Franke.

This case examines the benefits and limitations of outsourcing peace and stability functions to a rapidly growing private sector and illustrates implications for civil-military cooperation in complex operations. The cases traces the history and rise of the security industry, categorizes the types of firms providing security and security support services, illustrates the reasons and motivations for individuals to seek employment as security contractors and discusses implications of the growing market for privatizing security on the U.S. military. Finally, the case explores advantages and shortcomings …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 4: Mozambique: A Chance For Peace, Anne L. Phillips

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for Mozambique: A Chance for Peace, by Anne L. Phillips.

Since the end of the Cold War, fragile states present of the greatest challenges to national, regional, and global security. The number of complex operations, or Security, Stability, Transition and Reconstruction missions, has grown significantly since the early 1990s. The record of assistance is decidedly mixed. The successes—Namibia, El Salvador and Mozambique—are outnumbered by the many efforts that have failed or remain in question. Empirical evidence shows that roughly 40 percent of all countries that experience internal conflict succumb to conflict again within a decade following a …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 3: The Declarations Of Independence: The Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, Rudy L. Hightower Ii

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for The Declarations of Independence: The Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, by Rudy L. Hightower II.

The Declarations of Independence tells the story of two lifelong, middle-aged friends who are on opposite, ethnically divided sides of a sovereignty issue facing their homeland, known locally as Pridnestrovie. Not recognized by the majority of the International Community, Pridnestrovie must decide between fighting for independence and peaceful reunification with Moldova. Yet, either course of action could lead to perennially tense co-existence between Pridnestrovians and Moldavans. The case study addresses several recurring factors found in most sovereignty disputes, such as ethnicity, history, international …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 18: The Iraq War: Efforts During Conflict To Address Past Atrocities And Seek Accountability, Sandra L. Hodgkinson

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for The Iraq War: Efforts During Conflict to Address Past Atrocities and Seek Accountability, by Sandra L. Hodgkinson.

This case examines a hybrid model for addressing both past atrocities and establishment of a culture of human rights protection in a country plagued by decades of human rights abuses. The CPA’s establishment of an office to support these human rights issues was unique for a military occupation force during a period of ongoing hostilities. At the highest level, this case explores the issue of whether war-torn nations should seek justice for past atrocities, particularly when there are ongoing …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 17: Military Intervention And Diplomatic Engagement In Libya: A Collage Of Policy, Force And Law, Anna F. Triponel, Paul R. Williams

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for Military Intervention and Diplomatic Engagement in Libya: A Collage of Policy, Force And Law, by Anna F. Triponel and Paul R. Williams.

This case study provides an opportunity for students to examine the role that law plays in decisions relating to highly complex operations—how it enables, shapes and constrains political-military options and policy approaches. Five key political-military decision points will be examined relating to the case of Libya. First, should the United States join France and Great Britain in using force to protect the people of Libya? Second, what is the extent of military force that …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 16: Whole Of Society Conflict Prevention: Kenya’S Contrasted With Afghanistan And Iraq, Lisa Schirch

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for Whole of Society Conflict Prevention: Kenya’s Contrasted with Afghanistan and Iraq, by Lisa Schirch.

This case study looks at the three inter-related concepts; conflict prevention, civil society, and a "whole of society" or comprehensive approach. It compares and contrasts the Whole of Society Approach to Conflict Prevention in Kenya with Afghanistan and Iraq. A brief literature review outlines the relevance of these three concepts to current security discussions. Lessons from what worked in Kenya and other countries illuminate the successes and failures of civil society efforts at conflict prevention in Iraq and Afghanistan where attention focused largely …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 15: Reconsidering Reintegration, Kimberly Fletcher

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for Reconsidering Reintegration, by Kim Fletcher.

This case is designed to be taught in three separate parts; however, the first two parts can also stand alone from the third. In Part I the students are introduced to the characters and they begin to get emotionally involved in the story. They are forced to make a decision that faces many child soldiers: commit an atrocity against your family or in your own town, or be killed. At this point in the case the students may start to recognize some of the broader problems of delineating victims from perpetrators in …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 14: A Penny For Your Thoughts, A Nickel For Your Heart: Buying Popular Support For Counterinsurgency, Justin Gorkowski

Teaching Notes

The use of money as a weapon in the current conflicts is a contentious issue and one that is gaining more attention. This case can be used to generate thought, analysis, and discussion to fit an array of courses in a foreign-policy-related curriculum. The case can be tailored through classroom discussion to highlight issues as desired by the instructor or determined by the syllabus. The questions and background resources that follow are supplementary material that may help guide classroom instruction and discussion. They are not all inclusive but serve as a tool to guide instruction according to specific learning objectives. …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 13: Dynamic Tension: Security, Stability, And The Opium Trade, Peter Curry

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for Dynamic Tension: Security, Stability, and the Opium Trade, by Peter Curry.

This case it is about managing a set of complex or wicked problems in an uncertain environment, not about the opium trade in Afghanistan per se.. Students will learn about the tools for influencing events or potential outcomes when one does not have direct control over the stakeholders. The overall question is, "How do you get your mission accomplished when you are just one actor on the stage with several actors—each of whom is reading from a different script?"

Military officers at the War College …

Teaching Notes For Chapter 12: Security By Drones: The Global Market For Remote-Controlled Warfare, Rebecca Lefebvre

Teaching Notes

Teaching Notes for Security by Drones: The Global Market for Remote-Controlled Warfare, by Rebecca LeFebvre.

At its core, this case is about how advancements in technology can change the face of armed warfare. Policies, standards, and international law often lag behind these advancements leaving a void to be filled by the whim of an anarchical international system. Drone technology seems to have emerged overnight to the front line of global armed conflict. This case highlights the implications of drone technology to public-private sector interaction, civil-military coordination, and computer-human ethics.

Teaching Notes For Chapter 11: The Conduct Of Pacification In Vietnam-Case Study, Rufus Phillips

Teaching Notes

The purpose of this case as a teaching tool is to familiarize students with issues related to assisting other countries in stability operations, in meeting the challenges of coordinating between military and civilian personnel, and in creating interagency teams across the military and civilian government spectrum. It is also useful in fleshing out some of the issues associated with force of personality in cooperative leadership and decision-making.

CORDS unified the American pacification effort from top to bottom. The civil-military advisory teams CORDS created were essential to the success, albeit temporary, of pacification in Vietnam. So too were two other factors: …

Whites And The Active Representation Of Racial Minority Interests, Maykao Y. Hang

School of Business Student Theses and Dissertations

This study explored personal and organizational factors that contribute to White public administrators actively representing the interests of racial minority minorities. Data collection comprised of 15 semi-structured interviews. The average age was 54, and the length of service was 3-33 years. Subjects were asked about their personal background, what it means to be White, and work experiences in local county government.

Personal factors found were racial consciousness, major life events, and significant relationships with people of color. Organizational factors included a diverse and inclusive work environment, bureaucracy, legal and compliance issues, and supervisor support. Findings included that Whites did not …

Suburban Sustainability: Favorable, Forgotten, Or Fantasy?, Tessia Melvin, Tessia G. Melvin

School of Business Student Theses and Dissertations

In the decades after World War II, the United States became a prosperous nation and world superpower. Reinventing itself through the development of suburbs, many communities were created by suburbs. Years later, criticized for suburban sprawl and aging communities, suburban communities today are faced with the dilemma of what changes to make in order to create sustainable suburban communities.

Most of the literature on sustainability and its success comes from the private sector. Much available literature provides sustainable indicators and concepts on corporate sustainability. As a result, many public administrators are faced with a reality that changes need to occur …

Collaborative Trust: A Case Study Of Trust Evolution In A Public/Nonprofit Partnership, Maria Stella Odumodu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Lack of trust between nonprofit organizations and the communities in which they are located is a well-documented problem in the academic literature. The nature of this mistrust is far less understood, and little is known how community-nonprofit collaborations can overcome these gaps in trust. Guided by Simmel's theory of trust, this study examined the role of collaborative trust between public and non-profit organizations with a focus on better understanding how trust evolves. The research questions focused on how trust was defined and the factors that enhanced and inhibited trust evolution within the context of collaborations between nonprofit organizations and communities. …