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Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

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Data Information: Global Innovation Index 2021 Oct 2021

Data Information: Global Innovation Index 2021

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Promoting “Six Transitions” In Think Tank Research, Jiaofeng Pan, Feng Zhang, Xiao Lu Oct 2021

Promoting “Six Transitions” In Think Tank Research, Jiaofeng Pan, Feng Zhang, Xiao Lu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The article analyzed the current characteristics and situation of think tank research both domestically and internationally, and raised the ideas that think tank research need to achieve "six transitions" especially under the background of think tank construction agenda of Chinese government, which is to transition from empirical to scientific research, from discrete to systematic approach, from randomness to normativeness, from pure academic-oriented to integrative studies fitting both academic and practical requirements, from static to stable style, and from a single discipline basis to comprehensive and consistent research. Based on long-term experiences and practices in policy and strategic research, Prof. PAN …

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What Change May Take Place After We Entered Space Era, Ji Wu Oct 2021

What Change May Take Place After We Entered Space Era, Ji Wu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Along with the successful flights of Virgin Galactic, Blue Origin, and SpaceX, space tourism seems to arrive into its implementation phase in 2021. As it is expected, within 10 years, this market will become a real and huge domain with hundreds of billions of dollars a year. Together with it, there will be tens of thousands of people come into and back from outer space every year. Alike what happened after the great discovery era of the human beings after it conquered the ocean, the mentality of the human beings will change. In this article, what change may take place …

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Energy Revolution Under Vision Of Carbon Neutrality, Zhen Huang, Xiaomin Xie Sep 2021

Energy Revolution Under Vision Of Carbon Neutrality, Zhen Huang, Xiaomin Xie

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Climate change has emerged as one of the major challenges faced by mankind. It has become a non-traditional global security issue, which causes a serious threat to the survival of human being and sustainable development. China's commitment to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060 has important strategic significance for building a modern socialist country with harmonious coexistence between human and nature. Facing the challenge of China's carbon peak and carbon neutrality, this study proposes, through energy revolution, to promote electric decarbonization and zero carbonization power and zero carbonization fuel on the energy supply side, and …

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Path Of Digital Technology Promoting Realization Of Carbon Neutrality Goal In China’S Energy Industry, Xiaohong Chen, Dongbin Hu, Wenzhi Cao, Wei Liang, Xuesong Xu, Xiangbo Tang, Yangjie Wang Sep 2021

Path Of Digital Technology Promoting Realization Of Carbon Neutrality Goal In China’S Energy Industry, Xiaohong Chen, Dongbin Hu, Wenzhi Cao, Wei Liang, Xuesong Xu, Xiangbo Tang, Yangjie Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the era of digital economy, digital technology is the best tool to achieve China's goal of carbon neutrality. The energy industry is the largest source of carbon emissions in China, and how to use digital technology to peak the carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality goal in energy industry has attracted widespread attention. The article first explains the important strategic role of digital technology in carbon neutrality, and then analyzes the related theoretical research and application progress of digital technology and carbon emission reduction in the literature, revealing the problems of current digital technology applied to carbon neutrality …

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Toward Carbon Neutrality: Circular Economy Approach And Policy Implications, Wendong Wei, Zhujun Chen, Yong Geng, Wenqiu Cai, Hanbin Liu Sep 2021

Toward Carbon Neutrality: Circular Economy Approach And Policy Implications, Wendong Wei, Zhujun Chen, Yong Geng, Wenqiu Cai, Hanbin Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

It is challenging to promote global climate change governance under the current complicated international contexts. As a country with the largest carbon emission, China has committed to achieve carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. However, carbon neutrality is a complex system engineering and relies on the implementation of circular economy. Based upon “3R” principles of reduce, reuse, and recycle, this study investigates the internal relations between circular economy and carbon neutrality and identifies the key position of circular economy in achieving carbon neutrality targets. Several policy implications are raised to help promote the development of circular economy …

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Analysis On Transformation And Characteristics Of American Hydrogen Energy Strategy Under Carbon Neutralization Goal, Feng Wei, Xiaobo Ren, Lin Gao, Guoqing Gao, Chaofeng Zhou Sep 2021

Analysis On Transformation And Characteristics Of American Hydrogen Energy Strategy Under Carbon Neutralization Goal, Feng Wei, Xiaobo Ren, Lin Gao, Guoqing Gao, Chaofeng Zhou

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

As an important means to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization, hydrogen energy has attracted global attention. As the United States has more than 30 years of practical experience in hydrogen energy R&D and application, this study conducts a detailed investigation on the hydrogen energy development plan and strategy formulated by the U.S. government, analyzes the U.S. hydrogen energy strategy and development objectives, direction and achievements since 1990, and focuses on the latest U.S. hydrogen energy development strategy in 2020 and the hydrogen energy breakthrough plan in 2021. It is concluded that the current US government has moved from initially …

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Historical Experience Of Tackling Original And Leading Problems Of Science And Technology—Case Study Of National Superconductivity Research, Chao Gu Sep 2021

Historical Experience Of Tackling Original And Leading Problems Of Science And Technology—Case Study Of National Superconductivity Research, Chao Gu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Tackling original and leading problems of science and technology (TOLPST) is the key to strengthening national strategic scientific and technological forces and achieving scientific and technological self-reliance of China. The national superconductivity research which began in 1987 is a typical TOLPST. It has helped China's high-temperature superconductivity research leap from backwardness, follow-up phase to parallel running state or even leading position, but it did not produce original innovation. The historical experience of national superconductivity research has important implications for TOLPST: (1) Basic research should be categorized and accurately implemented, especially the original innovation should be distinguished from the application-oriented research …

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Research On China’S Energy Development Strategy Under Carbon Neutrality, Jian Su, Yingbo Liang, Lin Ding, Guosheng Zhang, He Liu Sep 2021

Research On China’S Energy Development Strategy Under Carbon Neutrality, Jian Su, Yingbo Liang, Lin Ding, Guosheng Zhang, He Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

China has pledged to reach peak carbon dioxide emission by 2030, and carbon neutrality by 2060 at the Seventy-Fifth Session of the United Nations General Assembly in 2020. As the largest energy consumer and emitter of greenhouse gases, carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets have posed a high requirement for China's sustainable development of energy and economy. In recent years, even though the growth rate of China's energy consumption has decreased, and carbon dioxide emissions gradually enter the plateau, fossil fuels still supply more than 80% of the energy consumption in China. Besides learning from the adjustment of energy consumption …

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Evaluating Economic And Social Benefits Of Accelerated Energy Transition, Hongyu Zhang, Xiaodan Huang, Da Zhang, Xiliang Zhang Sep 2021

Evaluating Economic And Social Benefits Of Accelerated Energy Transition, Hongyu Zhang, Xiaodan Huang, Da Zhang, Xiliang Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

To achieve carbon neutrality, China's energy system needs a radical transition, and the development of new energy is of central importance. Based on the integrated assessment modeling framework, this study compares economic and social costs and benefits between a scenario reflecting the current energy transition momentum and a scenario of accelerated energy transition. We show that the accelerated energy transition dominated by new energy is essential to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060 and the air quality target required by Beautiful China. The large development of wind and solar power will further reduce their technology costs and the overall energy costs, …

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Shallow Lake Physical-Ecological Process Modeling Platform (Lamp), Guangwei Zhu, Hongwei Wei, Tingfeng Yang, Wei Li, Kuanyi Li, Ruijie Shen, Shen Min, Jiangming Deng, Boqiang Qin Sep 2021

Shallow Lake Physical-Ecological Process Modeling Platform (Lamp), Guangwei Zhu, Hongwei Wei, Tingfeng Yang, Wei Li, Kuanyi Li, Ruijie Shen, Shen Min, Jiangming Deng, Boqiang Qin

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Lake is an important component of inland water resource of China, and key ecological component of Mountain-RiverForest-Farmland-Lake-Grassland life community. Lake is also a perfect research unit for ecological theory owing to its relative clearly isolate ecosystem. Field observatory, controlled experiment, and numerical simulation are common research methods for limnology theory development and ecological restoration technology innovation. In shallow lakes, the lake ecosystem is very sensitive to the change of environmental condition. For example, changes of physical condition, such as wind-wave, could strongly influence the sediment-water interaction, light condition of water, and the growth of phytoplankton, and finally change the whole …

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Policy Overview (July–August, 2021) Sep 2021

Policy Overview (July–August, 2021)

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Trend Observation: Key Technological Frontiers And Development Trends Of International Carbon Neutral Actions Sep 2021

Trend Observation: Key Technological Frontiers And Development Trends Of International Carbon Neutral Actions

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Data Information: Insights On International Science, Technology, And Innovation—Comparative Of 20 Global Cities (2016–2020) Sep 2021

Data Information: Insights On International Science, Technology, And Innovation—Comparative Of 20 Global Cities (2016–2020)

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Promoting Construction Of Zero-Direct Discharge Engineering For Agricultural Wastewater From Paddy Fields In Yangtze River Delta Region, Xinqiang Liang, Jiao Yang, Shuang He, Boyi Liu, Jianye Li, Xiangyang Xu, Bojie Fu Jul 2021

Promoting Construction Of Zero-Direct Discharge Engineering For Agricultural Wastewater From Paddy Fields In Yangtze River Delta Region, Xinqiang Liang, Jiao Yang, Shuang He, Boyi Liu, Jianye Li, Xiangyang Xu, Bojie Fu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The Yangtze River Delta region is an important commodity grain production area in China, but has been suffering from agricultural non-point source pollution issues in recent years. This study puts forward a suggestion on promoting the construction of zero-direct discharge (ZDD) engineering for agricultural wastewater from paddy fields in the region. This suggestion is based on the field investigation, policy analysis, engineering design, and economical evaluation, which clarifies the policy adaptability and the construction importance of the ZDD engineering. At the same time, this suggestion shows the basic principles, design requirements, mode selections, investment cost, and expected ecological economic benefits …

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Development And Industrialization Of Organic Photoconductor Drums (Opcs) Jul 2021

Development And Industrialization Of Organic Photoconductor Drums (Opcs)

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Researches And Industrialization Of Silicon Carbide Crystal Growth And Processing Technology Jul 2021

Researches And Industrialization Of Silicon Carbide Crystal Growth And Processing Technology

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Comparative Study On Development Of Science Education Worldwide: Advance In Ideas, Themes And Practice, Xinning Pei, Tainian Zheng Jul 2021

Comparative Study On Development Of Science Education Worldwide: Advance In Ideas, Themes And Practice, Xinning Pei, Tainian Zheng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The importance of science education lies not in delivering factual knowledge to learners, but in using knowledge as a way for them to know the world and cope with the uncertainty. The development of science education worldwide in the 21st century presents the following themes:the sustainable development of human beings as the main context, cultivating scientific literacy as the goal, paying attention to understanding the nature of science, building a "common foundation" for science learning through in-depth and coherent curriculum, using information technology to stimulate and integrate science education innovation, emphasizing the unity of science and humanities, giving full play …

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Construct New Pattern Of Evaluating And Training Youngsters’ Creativity, Dongmei Zhang, Xiaoming Liu, Yu Liu, Yanlong Xu Jul 2021

Construct New Pattern Of Evaluating And Training Youngsters’ Creativity, Dongmei Zhang, Xiaoming Liu, Yu Liu, Yanlong Xu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The core talents who support China's innovative development and participate in international competition, on which the realization of the two centennial goals depends, are currently receiving basic education. Therefore, there is an urgent need to accelerate the innovation quality education for adolescents, and establish a scientific model of innovation quality training for cultivation and selection of talents. Through the analysis of the current situation of innovation quality cultivation and assessment both in China and in the world, this study proposes a new model of innovation quality assessment and training based on the cognitive theory of brain science, combined with the …

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Evolution Of China’S Poverty Alleviation Policy And Multidimensional Changes Of Rural Society: Analysis And Enlightenment, Huangang Wang, Cheng Zhang, Changhong Nie Jul 2021

Evolution Of China’S Poverty Alleviation Policy And Multidimensional Changes Of Rural Society: Analysis And Enlightenment, Huangang Wang, Cheng Zhang, Changhong Nie

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In 2020, China has historically eliminated absolute poverty. While improving the well-being of the people, it has also accumulated valuable experience in poverty governance. Standing at a new historical starting point, it is necessary to analysis the practice of poverty alleviation in China, and at the same time review the multi-dimensional social changes in the poverty-stricken rural areas of our country. In order to tap the important experience in the practice of poverty alleviation in China, this study first combs the evolution characteristics of China's poverty alleviation policies from both horizontal and vertical levels, quantitatively analyzes poverty alleviation policies from …

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Preface: Develop And Innovate Science Education, Cultivate Innovative Talents, Yuliang Yang Jul 2021

Preface: Develop And Innovate Science Education, Cultivate Innovative Talents, Yuliang Yang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

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Rational Examination Of Cultivation Of Talent Reserve For Scientific And Technological Innovation In China, Yonghe Zhang, Jingying Wang, Xinying Li, Xuanyang Yang, Yong Xie Jul 2021

Rational Examination Of Cultivation Of Talent Reserve For Scientific And Technological Innovation In China, Yonghe Zhang, Jingying Wang, Xinying Li, Xuanyang Yang, Yong Xie

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

It is an important guarantee for China to win the first chance in the future international competition to vigorously cultivate the talent reserve of scientific and technological innovation. This study first proposes that China urgently needs to pay attention to the early training of scientific and technological innovation talents from the international situation, existing policies, and the current educational situation. Then it dynamically examines the training theory and practical experience of scientific and technological innovation talent reserve from an international perspective, and further considers the critical understanding and key issues of early training. Finally, some suggestions are given on the …

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Science Education In Post-Covid-19 Era, Su Wang, Yeliija Yuan Jul 2021

Science Education In Post-Covid-19 Era, Su Wang, Yeliija Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

It is a consensus worldwide that COVID-19 has made far-reaching impact on education. As one of the essential topics of discussion for Education 4.0, science education has been paid lots of attention focusing on its further development especially under the background of the fourth industrial revolution and Post-COVID-19 era. This research proposes developing strategies of science education in the Post-COVID-19 era with a globalized vision. The strategies, proposed on the basis of worldwide research outcome of science education and the analysis of China's actual conditions, include developing the top layer design for science education from national security perspectives, establishing a …

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From Strategy Consulting Research To Science Of Think Tank, Xin Wang, Huiqin Zhang, Changpu Sun Jul 2021

From Strategy Consulting Research To Science Of Think Tank, Xin Wang, Huiqin Zhang, Changpu Sun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Think tank researches are the main element to advance the modernization of China's capacity for governance, and they are multidisciplinary related to many research areas. The suggestions of think tank researches may have massive influences as long as they are adapted. In this study, we recommend that the think tank researches should be advanced to the science of think tank. The think tank researches should follow the widely recognized scientific research character-falsifiability. Based on solid data and evidences, think tank researches build objective models, develop qualitative methods and quantitative tools, and generate objective strategic consulting proposals with predictive ability. By …

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Focus On Three Major Scientific Issues In Field Of Life And Construct Holographic Human Digital Model—Taking Medicine As Example, Bin Cong, Shiming Zhang, Zhiyu Ni Jul 2021

Focus On Three Major Scientific Issues In Field Of Life And Construct Holographic Human Digital Model—Taking Medicine As Example, Bin Cong, Shiming Zhang, Zhiyu Ni

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

By analyzing the dilemma faced by the field of medical science, we can find that the nature and evolutionary laws of life have not been systematically revealed; and the microscopic dynamic processes of life cannot be understood by only visualizing the microscopic static structures at the subcellular or molecular levels. Therefore, there is a need to establish a new scientific paradigm to study three fundamental scientific problems in the field of life:to analyze the microstructure of the human body; to reveal the correlations between structures; and to explore the temporal changes of structures and the functions they perform. The human …

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Developing Responsible Digital Economy, Qingfeng Yang, Jinluan Ren Jul 2021

Developing Responsible Digital Economy, Qingfeng Yang, Jinluan Ren

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The nature of technological-economic paradigm shift in digital economy determines that it is fundamentally different from traditional economy in terms of thinking principles and operating mechanism. Therefore, it shows the typical double-sided functions. On the one hand, it promotes the high-quality development of economy, activates social innovation, drives the transformation, and brings more welfare to the public. On the other hand, it has a lot of negative effects in the fields of work, innovation, market, and society. This research integrates the concept of responsibility into the digital economy, puts forward the concept and framework of responsible digital economy, and provides …

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Historical Review Of The Communist Party Of China’S Science And Technology Policy Ideas (1921—2021), Baoyu Jia, Li Liu Jul 2021

Historical Review Of The Communist Party Of China’S Science And Technology Policy Ideas (1921—2021), Baoyu Jia, Li Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the 100 years of glorious history of the Communist Party of China (CPC), CPC has always been applying Marxism to analyze the actual contexts of scientific and technological developments and historical characteristics at phases of revolution, construction, and reforms, and has been advancing and innovating with times to formulate Chinese Marxism on science and technology policy ideas successively by Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Important Thought of "Three Represents", the Scientific Outlook on Development, and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, which they together constitute the theoretical system of CPC's science …

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Cas Science And Technology Promotion And Development Prize 2020 Jul 2021

Cas Science And Technology Promotion And Development Prize 2020

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Geovis Aerospace Big Data Platform R&D And Industrialization Jul 2021

Geovis Aerospace Big Data Platform R&D And Industrialization

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Groundwater-Agroecosystem Experimental Simulator (Yucheng Gas), Zhu Ouyang, Yunfeng Qiao, Chesheng Zhan, Zhigang Sun, Yanchun Yu, Xiaoguang Cai, Fadong Li Jul 2021

Groundwater-Agroecosystem Experimental Simulator (Yucheng Gas), Zhu Ouyang, Yunfeng Qiao, Chesheng Zhan, Zhigang Sun, Yanchun Yu, Xiaoguang Cai, Fadong Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Irrigation zones located in the lower reaches of Yellow River is a vital food security base in China. Currently, this area is facing the problem of rapid decline of groundwater level due to serious water shortage and insufficient water resources allocation. Therefore, there are many unknown and uncertain impacts on the future agriculture and ecological environment, and it is the current hotspot of agroecosystem research. However, under the dynamic scenarios, for innovatively carrying out the studies on large groundwater table from surface, and conducting the critical process researches such as sectional structure of farmland soil, crop root growth dynamics, interaction …

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