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Urban And Environmental Planning In Nepal, Ambika P. Adhikari

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

This collection of essays deals with issues related to housing, and urban and environmental planning in Nepal. Specific focus is on the planning and environmental problems related to the towns of the Kathmandu Valley.

Nepal is facing several challenges in the areas of urban and environmental management and planning . Rapidly increasing population is exerting pressure in all aspects of urban infrastructure, services and housing. Traditional community support and planning systems are breaking apart due to several factors, such as changing societal values, urban consumption patterns and commercialization of traditionally household activities. On the other hand, Nepali society is not …

Ddasaccident212, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

At 08:30 the team started work. The victim was clearing the central lane of three lanes 25 metres from each other. Vegetation was sparse where he was working and surface munitions or mines could have been easily seen. The victim had made three excavations prior to the accident but they were not of a size to indicate that anything had been found. At 09:00 an explosion occurred and the victim was seriously injured. He was found lying on his face with half of his end-of-lane marker stick under him and half behind him. The medic attended him "and removed his …

Ddasaccident213, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

From the site examination, the investigators decided that the victim knelt on his base stick and initiated a mine while clearing undergrowth. The victim was found on his back with his feet towards a crater "about one meter away). The victim later made a brief statement that he was kneeling to prod when the accident occurred.

Ddasaccident244, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The investigators found that the victim was investigating a detector reading in a squatting position and using a pick. He had used two markers. He "finished one layer" [presumably slicing layers from the ground] and rechecked with the detector. The reading was still there so he started excavating again without placing any markers. He hit a mine at 07:45.

Ddasaccident243, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The investigators determined that at around 11:00 the Section Leader instructed the deminers to pack up and rest until the end of the day. While they were resting Victim No.1 went into the uncleared area for no known reason. When he was 15m into the mined area he noticed a tripwire and "started wrapping it into the stick of a POMZ". A POMZ detonated at 11:30.

Ddasaccident051, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

At 07:30, [or 08:15 elsewhere] having only cleared a meter, the victim noticed that the marking stakes ahead of him were out of alignment so went into the adjoining exploratory lane to reposition them. He pushed a stake onto a mine that was on the border of the lane. He suffered light injuries on both arms. A quantity of earth was thrown up into his eyes, the skin of his face was lacerated and his right hand became inflamed. He was not wearing a visor. No one else was injured.

Ddasaccident242, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The investigators decided that the victim was working with a detector beside a stream when he got a signal. He marked it with two marks, one at the centre and one 15cm behind it, then he squatted to prod with his bayonet. He detonated a mine and received injuries to his face and chest.

Ddasaccident241, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The investigators decided that the victim was working with a detector when he got a signal from a fragment that was visible, half buried. He squatted to remove it with his bayonet but as he did so initiated a mine that was under the fragment. His visor "was not properly down" and he failed to centre the reading point and approach it at the angle dictated by the SOPs. The victim suffered injuries to his hands and his face, the latter including a lacerated lip and damaged teeth. The victim walked to the safe area.

Elderly Migration And State Fiscal Policy: Evidence From The 1990 Census Migration Flows+, Karen S. Conway, Andrew J. Houtenville

Center for Policy Research

The elderly’s unique economic situation makes some government expenditures more attractive and some forms of taxation less burdensome than others. This research investigates whether elderly migration is affected by state fiscal policies and discusses the possible consequences, both of which likely differ between younger and older elderly. Using state-to-state migration flows, we identify which states are gaining and losing younger versus older elderly people. We then estimate the migration flows as a function of the states’ amenities, cost of living, composition of government spending and alternative specifications of the tax system. We find that elderly migration is influenced by state …

Research To Practice: Employing People With Disabilities: Small Business Concerns And Recommendations, Oce Harrison

Research to Practice Series, Institute for Community Inclusion

Survey results from Massachusetts small businesses regarding hiring and employing people with disabilities.

Uganda Prosthetic/Orthotic Needs Assessment - Leahy War Victims Fund Report, Usaid-Leahy

Global CWD Repository

This report (1) assessed the present state of prosthetic and orthotic services in Uganda and what is needed to improve the quality, quantity, and sustainability of those prosthetic and orthotic services and (2) evaluated an unsolicited proposal submitted by the World Rehabilitation Fund Inc. (WRF).

Increasing Private Sector Participation Of The Airports Authority Of Thailand: A Suggested Model, Upama Jaihong

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The dynamics of the airport industry have induced a number of countries to undertake airport privatization as a way to provide higher quality airport services and achieve better financial result for both government and the privatized airports. The Airports Authority of Thailand (AAT), facing the increased pressure on airport infrastructure that can accommodate increased air traffic volume, is considering a privatization program to achieve its goals and objectives of enhancing revenues and efficiency. In a study of airport privatization models, research was conducted by analyzing the objectives of privatization, the characteristics and existing environments of major privatized airports in Britain, …

Analysis Of Assessment Uniformity In Relation To Favorable Mortgage Terms, James G. Strathman

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

This paper examines the capitalization effect of mortgages with favorable terms on the coefficient of intra-area dispersion (COD), the statistic commonly used to measure assessment uniformity. Regression analysis using data from the 1982 Census of Governments indicates that as much as one third of the value of the 1981 state-level CODs can be attributed to the capitalization effects of financing rather than assessment performance. Post-1982 improvements in uniformity can be expected in light of the sharp decline in non-standard sources of mortgage credit.

A New Approach To Regulatory Reform, Murray L. Weidenbaum

Murray Weidenbaum Publications

Even though there is a legitimate need for government regulation, it is still a blunt and imperfect tool, often imposing costs that greatly outweigh the benefits. This study presents the need for regulatory reform and suggests a few ways to do so.

Reflection Moderation In The U.S. Senate On Economics, Social, And Foreign Policy, Brian E. Russell

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates reelection moderation in the U.S. Senate on economic, social, and foreign policy between 1983 and 1994. I test 3 hypotheses based on the assumption that senators moderate their voting records when seeking reelection to appeal to the median voter. My hypotheses are: (1) Both groups of senators will moderate on economic policy, but a larger percentage of Democrats will moderate than Republicans (2) A majority of Democratic senators will moderate on social policy, but only a small percentage of Republicans will moderate. (3) Less than a majority of both groups of senators will moderate on foreign policy, …

Ddasaccident049, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The report recorded that the victim "accidentally detonated an anti-tank mine while preparing for the testing of the newly purchased Hydrema mine clearance machines". The victim was "deploying and arming" mines in a marked test ground and wore a "ballistic jacket and visor". He worked alone arming the mines at a distance of 300 metres from the nearest person (a medic). It is not recorded whether this mine was the first to be armed. He stood and looked down at the mine for 20 seconds, then knelt beside it for a second time. 25-30 seconds later the mine detonated. "It …

Ddasaccident239, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The investigators determined that the ditch had contained many mines thought to have been brought into it by heavy rains in the past. The victim found a detector reading. He put on his helmet and started to prod in a squatting position. He detonated the mine with his bayonet at 09:15 (started work at 06:00).

Ddasaccident050, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The victim said that he had cleared a 30cm section ahead of him and then moved the end-of-lane marker. He suddenly felt dizzy and accidentally put his hand into an uncleared area. The next thing he knew he was being attended by paramedics in the rest area. The victim also mentioned he had seen the tripwire "and had been picking up the pieces left" from former clearance. [An accompanying sketch map showed that another mine had been removed close to the accident site. It is possible that the victim notified his superiors of a tripwire and was told that it …

Ddasaccident214, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The team started work at 06:00 the victim's partner located a PMA-3 and the Team Leader "dealt with this". At 07:00 the victim began his shift. After five minutes he located a PMA-3 and the Team Leader "dealt with this". At approximately 07:15 the victim stepped on a PMA-3 and it exploded. The victim's statement says that he was "in a position half on a knee of ground" with his prod when the mine exploded.

Ddasaccident115, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

A preliminary accident report from the demining group simply recorded that "while prodding he was injured due to a PMN mine explosion". The victim suffered an amputated thumb with other severe hand injuries, also minor arm, legs, chest, and face injuries.

Resource Law Notes Newsletter, No. 44, Summer Issue, 1998, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Resource Law Notes: The Newsletter of the Natural Resources Law Center (1984-2002)

No abstract provided.

Entrepreneurs, Income Taxes, And Investment, Robert Carroll, Douglas Holtz-Eakin, Mark Rider, Harvey Rosen

Center for Policy Research

This paper investigates the effect of entrepreneurs’ personal income tax situations on their capital investment decisions. We examine the income tax returns of a sample of sole proprietors before and after the Tax Reform Act of 1986 and determine how the substantial reductions in marginal tax rates for the relatively affluent associated with that law affected their decisions to invest in physical capital. We find that individual income taxes exert a statistically and quantitatively significant influence on investment decisions. In our sample, a 5 percentage point increase in marginal tax rates would reduce the proportion of entrepreneurs who make new …

Horatio Alger Meets The Mobility Tables, Douglas Holt-Eakin, Harvey S. Rosen, Robert Weathers

Center for Policy Research

The question of how entrepreneurship relates to income mobility is cogent given the current public debate about the sources of income inequality and mobility in United States society. We examine how experience with entrepreneurship has affected an individual’s place in the earnings distribution. Our basic tack is to follow individuals’ positions in the income distribution over time, and to see how their mobility (or lack thereof) was affected by involvement with entrepreneurship. Our main finding is that for low-income individuals there is some merit to the notion that the self-employed moved ahead in the earnings distribution relative to those who …

Income Taxes And Entrepreneurs' Use Of Labor, Robert Carroll, Douglas Holtz-Eakin, Mark Rider, Harvey Rosen

Center for Policy Research

This paper investigates the effect of entrepreneurs’ personal income tax situations on their use of labor. We analyze the income tax returns of a large number of sole proprietors before and after the Tax Reform Act of 1986 and determine how the substantial reductions in marginal tax rates associated with that law affected their decisions to hire labor and the size of their wage bills. We find that individual income taxes exert a statistically and quantitatively significant influence on the probability that an entrepreneur hires workers. Raising the entrepreneur’s “tax price” (one minus the marginal tax rate) by 10 percent …

Where Does The Money Come From? The Financing Of Small Entrepreneurial Enterprises, Zsuzsanna Fluck, Douglas Holtz-Eakin, Harvey Rosen

Center for Policy Research

Using data from the Wisconsin Entrepreneurial Climate Study, we study the sources of firms’ finance during the very early stages of their lives. Our focus is the evolution of the mix of financial capital from “insiders” and “outsiders” as firms age. We find that at the beginning of firms’ life cycles, the proportion of funds from internal sources increases with age, while the proportion from banks, venture capitalists, and private investors declines. There is also evidence that these patterns eventually reverse themselves, with the proportion of insider finance ultimately declining and the proportion of outsider finance increasing with age. We …

Financial Capital, Human Capital, And The Transition To Self-Employment: Evidence From Intergenerational Links, Thomas Dunn, Douglas Holtz-Eakin

Center for Policy Research

The environment for business creation is central to economic policy, as entrepreneurs are believed to be forces of innovation, employment and economic dynamism. We use data from the National Longitudinal Surveys (NLS) to investigate the relative importance of family financial and human capital in the transition into self-employment. Specifically, we estimate the impacts of own wealth and human capital and parental wealth and self-employment experience on the probability that an individual makes the transition from a wage and salary job to self-employment. We find that young men’s own financial assets exert a statistically significant, but quantitatively modest effect on the …

Apocalypse Now? Fundamental Tax Reform And Residential Housing Values, Donald Bruce, Douglas Holtz-Eakin

Center for Policy Research

Using a simulation model crafted to integrate the short-run and long-term impacts of tax reform on the housing market, we find modest impacts from fundamental reform of the Federal income tax. These results suggest that concerns over the impact of tax reform on housing values and household net worth are overstated. To the extent that reform is otherwise desirable, fears of drastic effects on the housing market should not stand as an impediment to reform. Donald

Trials Of The Ced Air-Spade, Kandahar, Afghanistan, July 1998, Andy Smith, U.S. Humanitarian Demining Research And Development

Global CWD Repository

This document summarizes the field trials of the CEG AIR-SPADE held in Kandahar, Afghanistan in July 1998.

Ddasaccident215, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The victim's partner found two PMA-3 mines and the Team Leader disarmed them and put them in a "mine storage area". The victim took over demining and after 4 minutes detonated a mine. He was squatting or kneeling and prodding at the time. He remained conscious but he had suffered damage to his eyes "due mostly to dirt coming up under his visor". He was evacuated to hospital "immediately", arriving after 18 minutes.

Ddasaccident360, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

Whilst [the Victim] was clearing the pit area of unburned WP with a shovel, something in the shovel-load exploded on hitting the ground causing a small metal fragment to puncture his left thigh.