Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons^™

Ethical Leadership Development: Highlights From The Past And A Glimpse Of The Future, Elias Ursitti, Eric J. Weis, Donald P. Loren

Joint Force Quarterly

This article explores the critical role of ethical leadership in shaping organizational cultures, particularly within military contexts. It emphasizes that senior leaders must implement peer accountability and foster ethically healthy environments to prevent common ethical pitfalls. Organizational culture, shaped by leadership behavior, can either promote a virtuous cycle of ethical conduct or lead to negative consequences. Leaders are encouraged to create climates that value critical thinking, transparency, and the courage to challenge unethical behavior. Additionally, intercultural sensitivity is essential for inclusive leadership. The article also reflects on the future of ethical leadership, acknowledging the immense pressure to compromise ethics in …

One Hundredth Anniversary Of The Eisenhower School For National Security And Resource Strategy: A Tribute In Three Verses, Gregory D. Foster

Joint Force Quarterly

The year 2024 marks the 100th anniversary of the Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy. Established in 1924 to address America’s post-World War I mobilization challenges, the school has evolved significantly over the decades. Initially named the Army Industrial College, it later became part of the National Defense University (NDU) in 1976. Reflecting a shift to address the complex strategic landscape of the modern world, it was renamed in 2012 to its current title. This special feature highlights the school's contributions, focusing on ethical challenges and the evolving role of the military profession. The articles span …

Stop Talking To Yourself: Military Recruiting In The Modern Age, Richard R. Bell, Elizabeth Goldsmith, Robert Martinez, Donghyun Lee

Joint Force Quarterly

This article explores strategies to enhance military recruitment, particularly targeting Generation Z, by focusing on reconnecting veterans with society, implementing internships and mentorships, and engaging key influencers such as parents and educators. Key initiatives include partnering with veteran organizations to highlight military benefits, offering military internships to introduce youth to nontraditional military career paths, and strengthening outreach to influencers, especially parents, who significantly impact enlistment decisions. By improving media use and public engagement, the military can reshape its image for the next generation, aligning recruitment efforts with youth values and concerns.

Considering The Utility Of Modern Blockade In A Protracted Conflict With China, Thomas A. Krasnicki

Joint Force Quarterly

This article explores whether a U.S.-led maritime blockade could be an effective strategy in a prolonged conflict with China, particularly if China attempts to take Taiwan by force. Drawing from historical examples, such as the Union blockade during the Civil War and the Allied blockade of Germany in WWI, targeting China’s heavy reliance on maritime imports and exports could destabilize its economy and apply pressure on the Chinese Communist Party. However, China’s advanced naval capabilities, robust land-based defenses, and diplomatic challenges with neutral states add layers of difficulty. The article highlights the need to balance two conflicting approaches: countervalue operations …

Winners Of The 2024 Essay Competitions, National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly

The 2024 Essay Competitions, hosted by NDU Press, saw a wide array of thought-provoking submissions across three categories, emphasizing civilian-military coordination and national security strategy. The competitions included the Secretary of Defense National Security Essay Competition, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Strategic Essay Competitions, and the Joint Force Quarterly Maerz Awards. Winners explored topics like U.S. military logistics in the face of Chinese threats, modern blockade tactics, and military recruitment challenges in the digital age. The awards continue to foster innovative ideas and strategic thinking within professional military education institutions.

Cbrn Defense Readiness Reporting, Jeffrey A. French-Lujan, Taylor Harrington, Ron Fizer, Domah Diggs

Joint Force Quarterly

This article advocates for the implementation of standardized Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) defense reporting metrics within military services. The need for such standardization is critical to accurately assess joint force preparedness, enabling commanders and planners to understand CBRN readiness, mitigate operational risks, and optimize training and modernization efforts. Standardized metrics will lead to better reporting, offering more insight into material readiness issues, trends, and force sustainability. Additionally, these metrics will support informed decision-making for defense investments and risk management, ensuring that forces are ready to defend national interests and respond effectively to CBRN threats.

The Implications Of The New Security Environment On The National Health Systems Enterprise, Martin Charles Bricknell, Derek Licina

Joint Force Quarterly

This article explores the strategic integration of military and civilian health systems in response to large-scale conflicts, emphasizing the critical role of civil-military cooperation. NATO's experience with the war in Ukraine highlights the importance of interoperable health systems across the Euro-Atlantic region, while the Asia-Pacific presents unique challenges due to its geographic dispersal and alliance structures. The U.S. National Disaster Medical System, strengthened by lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic, is positioned to manage medical evacuations and casualties in future contingencies. The article advocates for the U.S. military health system to be considered as strategically vital as the defense-industrial complex, underscoring …

The Key To Arctic Dominance: Establishing An Arctic-Focused Subordinate Unified Command, Joseph R. Blume, Nathan L. Golike, Geoffrey R. Latimer, Michael Stanski

Joint Force Quarterly

This article discusses the strategic importance of establishing an Arctic-focused subordinate unified command under USNORTHCOM to enhance the responsiveness and resilience of the U.S. Armed Forces. With climate change reducing sea ice and increasing shipping and resource exploration, the Arctic is becoming a critical region for global security. USNORTHCOM is well-positioned to lead these efforts, aligning with national strategies and leveraging its homeland defense mission through NORAD. The proposed Arctic Command would play a vital role in coordinating military operations and addressing emerging security concerns in this rapidly evolving region.

Executive Summary, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

In a world fraught with ongoing tensions and conflicts, the strategic interests of nations are shaped by the political decisions of their leaders. As we approach a critical national election, it is essential for the next President to confront global realities with pragmatic solutions. War, its causes, and its resolutions continue to dominate international relations, with military leaders tasked with formulating strategies based on national power. As history shows, starting a war may be easy, but ending it is fraught with complexity. This summary urges reflection on how to align national interests, strategies, and actions to prevent future conflicts and …

Joint Force Quarterly, Issue 115, 4th Quarter 2024, National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly

This JFQ issue highlights a range of military and security issues, including Arctic defense, health system impacts, and military readiness, while celebrating the achievements of joint professional military education and student essays on national security topics.

Federal Election Commission And Indiana Secretary Of State Campaign Finance Information Resoures, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

This presentation covers campaign finance information resources produced by the Federal Election Commission (FEC) and Indiana Secretary of State. It describes how these agencies began, details how they oversee and regulate U.S. federal and Indiana state elections, and documents contributions made by individuals, organizations, political parties, and political action committees to individual candidates and organizations. Reporting documentation on these election races is also included.

Bridging The Atrocity Prevention Gap Between The International And The Local: Lessons Learned From Meso-Level Leadership In Ukraine And Syria, Kristina Hook, Jamie D. Wise

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

This paper explores meso-level approaches to atrocity prevention that incorporate a wider array of local expertise at all stages, from early warning to transitional justice. Specifically, we treat meso-level approaches as encompassing local leadership and advocacy across bottom-up processes, grassroots efforts, victim-led activism, and civil society mobilization. We draw from two contemporary cases of mass atrocities, Ukraine and Syria, which exemplify such efforts, using primary interview data with meso-level actors. First, we examine atrocity risk early warning in Ukraine, where prescient local expertise at the meso-level failed to influence international responses, asking what went wrong and what more could be …

Dangerous Speech As An Atrocity Early Warning Indicator: Measuring Changing Conflict Dynamics, Catherine Buerger, Susan Benesch

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Dangerous speech, any expression that can increase the likelihood that someone will commit or condone violence against members of another group, can be a powerful early warning signal of impending mass violence. However, one cannot make a list of words that are dangerous, since the effect of the message depends not only on its content, but also on how it is communicated: by whom, to whom, and under what circumstances. What may be benign in one context may be extremely inflammatory in another. Thus, effective monitoring requires deep knowledge of the local setting and structural factors. The spread of dangerous …

Revivifying The Responsibility To Protect: Strengthening The Normative Consensus For Atrocity Prevention, Matthew Levinger

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

This paper examines weaknesses in the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) principle, drawing on the scholarly literature on norm diffusion and norm cooptation. Despite having been unanimously adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2005, the R2P doctrine almost immediately attracted criticism that it reinforced a neocolonial stance by nations of the Global North toward those of the Global South. This critique grew in force during the chaotic aftermath of the 2011 intervention in Libya, which had been authorized as an R2P mission. The Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Israel-Hamas conflict, and the intensifying competition between the United States and China …

Lessons Learned: Overcoming Obstacles To Inference And Synthesis In Atrocity Prevention Research, Tallan Donine, Daniel Solomon, Lawrence Woocher

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

In this paper, we argue that atrocity prevention (AP) researchers face obstacles to inference and knowledge synthesis in the study of AP strategies and tools. We argue that researchers can begin to address obstacles to inference by using rigorous social-science methods and can address obstacles to knowledge synthesis through greater coordination and transparency about concepts, methods, and data. Our argument proceeds in four parts. First, drawing on a systematic review of three decades of research about AP tools, we survey key analytic obstacles to drawing conclusions about the effects of AP policy. Second, we survey four separate methods that researchers …

Contextualized Transitional Justice Policy Development In Uganda: Differentiating Between Normativity Types In Evidence-Based Problem Analysis, Saghar Shahidi Birjandian

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

This article discusses the fundamental impact of normativity on producing evidence-based guidance for context-sensitive transitional justice policy. It draws on lessons learned from Uganda’s complex transitional justice context and extensive fieldwork to demonstrate the necessity and the means to differentiate between belief-based normativity and evidence-based normativity in conducting problem analysis as a crucial site that determines the integrity of evidence-based guidance. It also establishes that evidence-based normativity guiding problem analysis must include empirical evidence of societal dynamics and views of affected communities or there is a significantly higher risk of belief-based normativity decontextualizing strategy development. Findings establish significant substantive differences …

Patriarchy, Divided Societies, And Female Proponents Of Peace: A Comparative Case Study Of The Federation Of South African Women And The Northern Ireland Women’S Coalition, Briana Ibrahim

Global Studies Senior Capstone

FEDSAW and NIWC, two multi-community women's organizations promoting peace within conflict stricken societies, will be compared. An analysis of each organizations work, the commonalities they shared, and their core differences, will offer implications for the broader conversation on women's involvement in peace building.

The Holodomor: Death By Hunger, Marco Spann

Undergraduate Research Symposium

The Holodomor was a man-made famine used by Stalin’s regime against the nation of Ukraine. This deliberate famine was both politically and ethnically motivated for the purpose of progressing the Communist Revolution. Stalin believed there was a growing issue of separatism in Ukraine which threatened the unity of the Soviet Union. Stalin’s regime used collectivization, a system of violent seizure of land, people, and resources, to boost industrialization within the Soviet Union as well as to terrorize Ukrainians into submission. The Soviet Union enacted strict censorship of the Holodomor, setting back conversations on it by decades. The attack on the …

Review Of Born In Blackness: Africa, Africans, And The Making Of The Modern World, 1471 To The Second World War, Brittany Merritt Nash

The Journal of Social Encounters

No abstract provided.

Review Of Building Peace In A State Of War: South Sudan's Fateful Struggle, Hogr Tarkhani

The Journal of Social Encounters

No abstract provided.

Emmanuel Mounier’S Four Books On Communitarian Personalism: Engaging With Existentialism, Marxism, And & Teilhard De Chardin, Joe Holland

The Journal of Social Encounters

No abstract provided.

Review Of Sermons On The Parables, Wendy L. Pohlhaus

The Journal of Social Encounters

No abstract provided.

Review Of Spiritual Audacity: The Abraham Joshua Heschel Story, John C. Merkle

The Journal of Social Encounters

No abstract provided.

Review Of The Kingdom, The Power, And The Glory: American Evangelicals In An Age Of Extremism, Jeff Vanderwerff,

The Journal of Social Encounters

No abstract provided.

Selected Open Access Studies On Nonviolent Collective Action: Preventing Mass Atrocities, Transforming Civil Wars, Democratizing Regimes, Ronald Pagnucco

The Journal of Social Encounters

These summaries are researched and presented to:

1. provide free access to information about hundreds of cases of nonviolent action for learning and for citizen action. We research campaigns that have reached a point of completion. The cases are drawn from all continents and most countries. People are shown struggling for human rights, economic justice, democracy, national and ethnic identity, environmental sustainability, and peace.

2. make available comparative information that will support researchers and writers to develop strategic knowledge and theory.

Cosmic Partnership: Hildegard Of Bingen’S Vision Of An Integral Ecology, Almut Furchert

The Journal of Social Encounters

Though Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179), Benedictine Abbess and polymath, canonized and proclaimed Doctor of the Church in 2012, has been named a patron of ecology, only fragments of her ecological philosophy exist. This article attempts to introduce Hildegard’s polyphonic work by outlining her theology of viriditas as the green thread that connects her cosmological, anthropological, and ethical theory and to show how it constructs the relationship between humanity and creation as a cosmic partnership. Hildegard's striking visual style is not only inspired by her appreciation of the natural world, but deeply grounded in her theology. This theology entails an ethical …

Rights Of Nature: The Indigenous-Led Movement For Sovereignty And A Sustainable Future, Kathryn Schug, Ted Gordon

The Journal of Social Encounters

The rights of nature movement works to grant legal rights to beings other than humans. Led by Indigenous communities across the globe, the movement is grounded in commonly shared Indigenous beliefs that regard non-human beings as are our relatives and as deserving of the same legal rights as humans. Grounded in Indigenous worldviews, the rights of nature movement pursues the twin goals of creating an environmentally sustainable future and enshrining legal protections for Indigenous values and practices. This article explores how the White Earth Nation, a federally recognized Ojibwe tribal government in Minnesota became the first in the United States …

Effects Of Climate Change On Women’S Security Dynamics In Baragoi, Samburu County, Kenya, Rehema Zaid Obuyi

The Journal of Social Encounters

The paper unearths how climate change influences women’s security dynamics in fragile and conflict-affected contexts in Baragoi Samburu County Kenya. It provides an opportunity to rethink security. Security responses must be at par with evolving security underlying forces. One of the precursors is that individuals and groups that were traditionally excluded from combat both as participants and targets such as women and children have now become prime targets. This demands a shift in strategy by not only focusing on traditional threats but also getting more specific linking our approaches to gendered non-traditional security threats. Alternative soft power approaches to addressing …

The State Of The Unions 2024: A Profile Of Organized Labor In New York City, New York State, And The United States, Ruth Milkman, Joseph Van Der Naald

Publications and Research

This report released by the CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies, State of the Unions 2024: A Profile of Organized Labor in New York City, New York State, and the United States, is a part of an annual publication series, documents recent trends in unionization patterns. The CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies’ latest annual report on unionization patterns shows that private-sector union organizing efforts continued to increase across the country over the last year. The report documents that growth in union election petitions since 2020 has reversed a decade of decline, reaching a level not seen since …

Parameters Autumn 2024, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Welcome to the Autumn 2024 issue of Parameters. The Autumn issue consists of a special piece from the US Army War College Commandant and Provost on their strategic vision for the college, three In Focus special commentaries, three forums (Cooperative Partnerships, Professional Development, and Historical Studies), two regular forums (A Major’s Perspective and the Civil-Military Relations Corner), and a review essay focused on strategy in India.