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Articles 91 - 120 of 394
Full-Text Articles in Social Psychology
How Gender Roles Impact The Social Perceptions Of Sexual Assault, Autumn Zwakenberg
How Gender Roles Impact The Social Perceptions Of Sexual Assault, Autumn Zwakenberg
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
This study set out to examine how different factors such as the gender of the victim, the gender of the perpetrator, and the scenario of sexual assault, can influence an outsider’s opinion of the sexual assault. There were two main hypotheses: the first is male and female participants would perceive the push-away scenario as sexual assault at equal rates, but significantly more female participants would perceive the victim allowing the perpetrator to unbuckle their pants scenario as sexual assault. The second is male and female participants would view the male perpetrator scenarios as sexual assault equally, but significantly more female …
Evolution Of Women’S Consciousness: Toward Integral Consciousness, Katherine T. Ziemke
Evolution Of Women’S Consciousness: Toward Integral Consciousness, Katherine T. Ziemke
Journal of Conscious Evolution
This article presents research materials which demonstrate historical consciousness for women of ancient European descent, the cultural heritage of the author. Awareness is examined from various historical angles in a transdisciplinary approach to the work. I explore the possibility that women’s historical and continued oppression may be a sign of the disintegration of the mental and a re-emergence of the integral structure of consciousness. A broad examination of women’s historical roles and corresponding thought shows how ancient consciousness may be used to accelerate a path toward integral consciousness today. Finally, this essay proposes that women’s historical consciousness and primordial memories …
The Effect Of Viewing Different Modalities Of Alcohol-Related Social Media Content Shared By Friends On Alcohol Outcomes: A Longitudinal Examination, Megan E. Strowger
The Effect Of Viewing Different Modalities Of Alcohol-Related Social Media Content Shared By Friends On Alcohol Outcomes: A Longitudinal Examination, Megan E. Strowger
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Social influences have robust associations with problematic alcohol use among emerging adult college students. Examinations of social influences increasingly focus on social media influences via alcohol-related content (ARC) sharing and viewing. Limited longitudinal research suggests that increased exposure to ARC is associated with increased alcohol consumption among college students over time. Most research examining exposure has not focused on who (e.g., specific friends) is sharing this content, the modality (e.g., photos) or the qualities of those sharing content and their relationship (e.g., closeness) to the viewer. The current study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between alcohol consumption/consequences and: 1) sharing …
The Influence Of Minority Stress, Coping, And A Pandemic On The Relationship Between Sexual Orientation And Mental Health: A Mixed Methods Study, James Michael Macchia
The Influence Of Minority Stress, Coping, And A Pandemic On The Relationship Between Sexual Orientation And Mental Health: A Mixed Methods Study, James Michael Macchia
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
For decades, scientific literature has shown that sexual minority individuals across populations are disproportionately affected by negative mental health outcomes when compared to their heterosexual counterparts. These disparities are largely attributable to minority stress. Coping is a significant factor that can impact the content and severity of mental health outcomes and coping behaviors have been shown to vary based on sexual orientation. Mental health outcomes may also differ between sexual minority subgroups due to additional factors such as double discrimination and bisexual invisibility/erasure. Moreover, factors such as internalized homophobia and community connectedness have demonstrated strong associations with sexual minority mental …
The Relationship Between Psychopathy And Sexism Across Self-Report, Vignette, And Novel Dialogue Tree Tasks, Arianne Fisher
The Relationship Between Psychopathy And Sexism Across Self-Report, Vignette, And Novel Dialogue Tree Tasks, Arianne Fisher
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Psychopathy is a personality construct consisting of a number of traits often associated with what many consider to be the “dark side” of personality. Multiple models and associated measurement tools have been created in an attempt to conceptualize psychopathy, but the field has not reached a consensus in its definition of this construct at this time. Across models, psychopathy is associated with a number of negative attitudes and behaviors, including various forms of prejudice. The relationship between psychopathy and one form of prejudice has not been examined, constituting a serious gap in the literature. This form of prejudice is ambivalent …
Emotion Recogniton In Students With Social Anxiety: Loving-Kindness As An Intervention, Audrey Darnbush
Emotion Recogniton In Students With Social Anxiety: Loving-Kindness As An Intervention, Audrey Darnbush
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Deficits in emotion recognition can often be found in individuals who have elevated social anxiety—decreasing positive social interaction and increasing social avoidance. Some possible causes for these deficits include: (1) negative interpretation biases for ambiguous social stimuli and (2) negatively biased self-focused and others-focused attention in social situations— which can impede an accurate appraisal of how one is being evaluated. Mindfulness-based interventions target attentional awareness, and some have empirical support for treating anxiety-related issues. However, little research has been conducted to determine the possible therapeutic effects of loving-kindness meditation for social anxiety disorder. Loving-kindness meditation (LKM) is a specific subtype …
One Of Us: Monoracial Latinx Perspectives Of Multiracial Latinx-White Individuals, Rosemary Rojas
One Of Us: Monoracial Latinx Perspectives Of Multiracial Latinx-White Individuals, Rosemary Rojas
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
Little is known about bias against Multiracial individuals, but no research has specifically examined the experiences of Latinx-White Multiracial people and their exclusion from the Latinx community. Two experimental studies tested the effects of a target’s perceived Multiracial identity on Latinx participants’ beliefs and attitudes towards about Multiracial Latinx-White individuals. Utilizing social categorization theory, I hypothesized that Multiracial Latinx-Whites pose a threat to the distinctiveness of the Latinx community via perceived better social status and less discrimination. Specifically, Multiracial targets who appear more White than Latinx will be perceived by Monoracial Latinx participants to have higher social status, experience less …
Parental And Individual Correlates Of Work Ethic In Young People In Albania, Eljona Elmazi
Parental And Individual Correlates Of Work Ethic In Young People In Albania, Eljona Elmazi
All Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to investigate the work ethic strength, dimensions, and correlates in young people in Albania. The review of the available research concluded that, regardless of the attention that youth-related topics have received in the last decade, there was a considerable gap in the understanding of the state and correlates of the work ethic in this group. Using the Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile – Short Form, the work ethic strength and dimensions were explored in an Albanian sample of (N = 501) 18 to 24 years old, otherwise known as Generation Z. Data were collected via …
Trait Self-Control, Emotions, And Openness To Alternative Viewpoints, Ming-Hong Tsai, Norman P. Li
Trait Self-Control, Emotions, And Openness To Alternative Viewpoints, Ming-Hong Tsai, Norman P. Li
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
We examined openness to alternative viewpoints as an unexplored consequence of trait self-control. We conducted three studies to investigate the relationship between trait self-control and openness to alternative viewpoints during situations with different opinions and to explore various emotions as potential mediators of this relationship. Our results demonstrated a positive relationship between trait self-control and openness, and this relationship was mediated by decreased anger and increased emotions with positive valence, including attentiveness and serenity. In addition, trait self-control was negatively related to fatigue, but the relationship between fatigue and openness was not consistently significant across the studies. These findings clarify …
Factor Analysis And Reliability Of The Pro-Lockdown Compliance Scale, Lijo Kochakadan Joy, Manu Ramachandran, Jessy Fenn, Chee-Seng Tan
Factor Analysis And Reliability Of The Pro-Lockdown Compliance Scale, Lijo Kochakadan Joy, Manu Ramachandran, Jessy Fenn, Chee-Seng Tan
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia
A multilevel lockdown was introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. This new experience, however, received mixed responses from the public in different countries including India. A quantitative self-report, the Pro-Lockdown Compliance Scale (Pro-LCS), was developed to help 1) the Government and enforcing agents understand the compliance level of the public and 2) researchers investigate the antecedent factors of the compliance of the lockdown measures. The initial 10 items were administered to 309 male residents in Kerala via an online survey. The responses were randomly divided and submitted to exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Both analyses consistently support that the scale …
Avoiding Anthropomoralism, Julian Friedland
Avoiding Anthropomoralism, Julian Friedland
Between the Species
The Montreal Declaration on Animal Exploitation, which has been endorsed by hundreds of influential academic ethicists, calls for establishing a vegan economy by banning what it refers to as all unnecessary animal suffering, including fishing. It does so by appeal to the moral principle of equal consideration of comparable interests. I argue that this principle is misapplied by discounting morally relevant cognitive capacities of self-conscious and volitional personhood as distinguished from merely sentient non-personhood. I describe it as a kind of anthropomorphizing moralism which I call anthropomoralism, defined as the tendency to project morally relevant characteristics of personhood onto merely …
The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership And Attachment Theory Among Field Grade Officers In The U.S. Army, Rebecca Ochs
The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership And Attachment Theory Among Field Grade Officers In The U.S. Army, Rebecca Ochs
Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to determine what relationship exists between U.S. Army field grade officers’ self-reported scores on the five domains of the Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) (Kouzes & Posner, 2002) and their self-reported scores on the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECR) (Brennan et al., 1998). Methodology: This study used a correlational approach to collect quantitative data from U.S. Army field grade officers. Using the LPI, a self-report transformational leadership measurement tool developed by Kouzes and Posner (2002), that measures five domains that include: (a) model the way, (b) inspire a shared vision, (c) …
Using Behavior Sequence Analysis To Study Teams During Long- Duration Isolation And Confinement, Andres Käosaar, Dr. Nathan Smith, Dr. David A. Keatley, Pranav Ambhorkar, Dr. Moritz Von Looz, Konstantinos Konstantinidis
Using Behavior Sequence Analysis To Study Teams During Long- Duration Isolation And Confinement, Andres Käosaar, Dr. Nathan Smith, Dr. David A. Keatley, Pranav Ambhorkar, Dr. Moritz Von Looz, Konstantinos Konstantinidis
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
With a renewed impetus and appetite for human space exploration, both government-funded agencies and private companies are focusing on longer and farther crewed missions into the solar system. Such space missions rely on highly interdependent teams living and working together in isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environments. Understanding the behavioral patterns of teams in ICE environments is, thus, paramount for the future success of such missions. Due to the complexity of studying ICE teams, several researchers have called for methodological innovations to advance knowledge in this area. In the current research, a proof-of-concept methodological approach is introduced that provides a …
Dating During The Time Of Covid-19: Risk Perceptions And Political Ideology, Danielle L. Kellogg, Tracy Dehart, Julie Longua Peterson, Hannah R. Hamilton
Dating During The Time Of Covid-19: Risk Perceptions And Political Ideology, Danielle L. Kellogg, Tracy Dehart, Julie Longua Peterson, Hannah R. Hamilton
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
This study examined predictors of single people's beliefs about COVID prevention behaviors, intentions to engage in COVID prevention behaviors while dating, and actual dating behavior during the pandemic. Results revealed that single participants engaged in “riskier” dating behaviors (i.e., in-person unmasked) more frequently than “safer” dating behaviors (i.e., remote, or in-person masked/distanced). Individuals who perceived greater (vs. lesser) risk associated with COVID more strongly endorsed beliefs about social distancing (self and other) and were more likely to personally (or request others) engage in COVID prevention behaviors while dating. However, perceived risk did not predict actual dating behaviors. Conservatives (vs. liberals) …
Effects Of Childhood Health And Adversity On Women’S Estrous And Extended Sexuality In Romantic Relationships, Tran Dinh
Psychology ETDs
Variations in childhood conditions may favor different strategies of investment in pair-bonds and reproduction. The current study followed 213 romantically-involved women up to four times across the ovulatory cycle. Analyses find that childhood health and adversity moderate hormone-dependent changes in women’s sexual interests, oxytocin responses, and mate preferences. In light of proposed paternity assurance functions of extended (non-conceptive) sexuality, results suggest women with poorer, compared to better, childhood conditions prioritize bond formation but invest less in maintaining or bolstering partner investment. The estrous (conceptive) sexuality of women with poor childhood health may reflect greater investments in current reproduction, even when …
Seriously, What Did One Robot Say To The Other? Being Left Out From Communication By Robots Causes Feelings Of Social Exclusion, Astrid M. Rosenthal-Von Der Pütten, Nikolai Bock
Seriously, What Did One Robot Say To The Other? Being Left Out From Communication By Robots Causes Feelings Of Social Exclusion, Astrid M. Rosenthal-Von Der Pütten, Nikolai Bock
Human-Machine Communication
While humans actually need some overt communication channel to transmit information, be it verbally or nonverbally, robots could use their network connection to transmit information quickly to other robots. This raises the question how this covert robot-robot communication is perceived by humans. The current study investigates how transparency about communication happening between two robots affects humans’ trust in and perception of these robots as well as their feeling of being included/excluded in the interaction. Three different robot-robot communication styles were analyzed: silent, robotic language, and natural language. Results show that when robots transmit information in a robotic language (beep sounds) …
Racial Differences In The Strong Black Woman Schema And Its Relationship To Health Behaviors And Perseverance, Raegan Bishop
Racial Differences In The Strong Black Woman Schema And Its Relationship To Health Behaviors And Perseverance, Raegan Bishop
Dissertations
Black women face a number of poor health outcomes, with 50% of Black women 20 years and older suffering from cardiovascular disease, and a diabetes incidence rate that is almost double that of White women. Health behaviors like physical activity, diet, and stress management can assist in reducing the onset and worsening of these diseases. However, Black women are less likely to engage in these behaviors compared to women of other races. Additionally, even when Black women do engage in positive health behaviors, they see fewer positive results than White women. One potential influencer in the complex relationship that Black …
Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus Connectivity With The Dorsomedial Subsystem Of Default Network Tracks Real-World Conversation Behaviour, Dhaval M. Bhatt
Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus Connectivity With The Dorsomedial Subsystem Of Default Network Tracks Real-World Conversation Behaviour, Dhaval M. Bhatt
Dartmouth College Master’s Theses
Social interactions are multifaceted, complex, and critical to social behaviour as they help gather information, develop social connections, and regulate social behaviour (Lakey & Orehek, 2011; Testard et al., 2021; Jolly & Chang, 2021). Among social interactions, conversations find a special place for humans due to the nuances associated with language, conversational behaviour (e.g., gestures), and context (e.g., where conversations occur and what is discussed). Researchers have studied aspects of single conversation behaviour, content related to conversations, and brain function (Sievers et al., 2020). However, little is known about the brain function of densely-sampled in-person conversation behaviour. Filling this gap …
Continuities And Discontinuities In The Cultural Evolution Of Global Consciousness, R. J. Zhang, J. H. Liu, M. Lee, M. H. Lin, T. Xie, S Chen, Angela K. Y. Leung, I-Ching Lee, D. Hodgetts, E. Valdes, S. Choi
Continuities And Discontinuities In The Cultural Evolution Of Global Consciousness, R. J. Zhang, J. H. Liu, M. Lee, M. H. Lin, T. Xie, S Chen, Angela K. Y. Leung, I-Ching Lee, D. Hodgetts, E. Valdes, S. Choi
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Global consciousness (GC), encompassing cosmopolitan orientation, global orientations (i.e. openness to multicultural experiences) and identification with all humanity, is a relatively stable individual difference that is strongly associated with pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours, less ingroup favouritism and prejudice, and greater pandemic prevention safety behaviours. Little is known about how it is socialized in everyday life. Using stratified samples from six societies, socializing institution factors correlating positively with GC were education, white collar work (and its higher income) and religiosity. However, GC also decreased with increasing age, contradicting a 'wisdom of elders' transmission of social learning, and not replicating typical findings …
Incels, Violence, And Masculinity: How Masculinity And Membership To Online Communities Shape Perceptions Of Violence, Meghan Scarlott
Incels, Violence, And Masculinity: How Masculinity And Membership To Online Communities Shape Perceptions Of Violence, Meghan Scarlott
Student Theses
As online involuntary celibate (incel) forms have grown, they have become dominated by violent and misogynistic rhetoric. There have also been instances of offline violence being motivated by incel ideology and anti-feminist beliefs. Past research has established a link between inceldom and violent rhetoric through analysis of incel forum posts and activity. However, comparisons between non-incels and incels regarding masculinity and violence have rarely been conducted. We used a survey design to compare incels and non-incels on three factors: support for violence, inceldom characteristics, and internalized masculinity. Consistent with prior research, incels held more negative views of women and feminism …
Gender Roles, Sexual Cognitions, And History Of Victimization: A Preliminary Model Of Reporting Behavior Among College Students, Randi Spiker, Eu Gene Chin
Gender Roles, Sexual Cognitions, And History Of Victimization: A Preliminary Model Of Reporting Behavior Among College Students, Randi Spiker, Eu Gene Chin
Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences
Sexual cognitions that flow from gender roles and previous history of victimization are strong predictors of sexual assault victimization. Because these cognitions reside within the individual themselves, we hypothesized that these same cognitions will also be predictors of subsequent reporting behavior to formal campus supports. An online self-report survey for assessing student awareness and perception of sexual safety was administered in a random stratified sample of college students (N = 98; 78% female). Participants were shown a hypothetical vignette involving a quid pro quo sexual harassment incident involving a student and were asked to rate their likelihood of making …
From Other And From World: Expanding The Current Model Of Existential Isolation, Roger Young Jr.
From Other And From World: Expanding The Current Model Of Existential Isolation, Roger Young Jr.
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Extant research investigating the nature of existential isolation (EI) has focused primarily on the experience of the gap between one’s mind and the minds of others (self-other EI). The general purpose of the current research was to begin exploring the experience of the gap between one’s mind and the world (self-world EI). This purpose was carried out across three studies. A pilot study confirms that self-world EI is a relatively common experience that usually involves meaning violation or dissociation, and results in psychological discomfort and self-doubt. Study 1 found that self-world existential isolation produces more “EI affect” (e.g., nervous, afraid, …
Work-Life Balance Is Imperative For How We Spend Our Time At Work And With Family, Terreca M. Defehr, Jillene Seiver
Work-Life Balance Is Imperative For How We Spend Our Time At Work And With Family, Terreca M. Defehr, Jillene Seiver
2023 Symposium
Work-life balance is imperative to how we spend our time at work and with family, and it appears to matter whether we have a job or career, which of our roles we value most, and our degree of responsibility for our children.
The Impact Of Masculinity And Gender Norms On Men's Mental Health In The U.S.: A Literature Review, Isabella Slobojan
The Impact Of Masculinity And Gender Norms On Men's Mental Health In The U.S.: A Literature Review, Isabella Slobojan
University Honors Theses
Research on the impact of masculinity and gender norms on men's mental health in the United States of America falls into 5 main categories: men and mental health resources, men and guns, men and suicide, men and domestic abuse, and men and sexual assault victimhood. All of the facets tie into the impact of hegemonic masculinity on men's mental health, and the consequences that come with it. Some of those consequences include the cyclical theme of violence among men and lack of emotional wellbeing. In the United States of America, masculine gender norms play a significant role in how our …
Tattoos And Trauma: Are Tattoos Healing For Trauma?, Krystal Bell
Tattoos And Trauma: Are Tattoos Healing For Trauma?, Krystal Bell
University Honors Theses
Prior research and literature reviews suggest that there is medicinal value in tattooing for the healing of trauma. However, tattooing is still a burgeoning topic in academic studies and still mostly taboo as a western societal practice, so there are gaps in qualitative and quantitative data that could further validate the healing benefits of tattoos for trauma. This literature review analyzed 30 peer reviewed articles that focus on "contemporary tattoo data," "indigenous traditions and practices," "tattoos and trauma," and other alternative healing such as "MDMA, psilocybin, EMDR" to establish a well-rounded investigation into tattoos as an alternative healing option. The …
Mother’S Coping While Caring For A Child With Cancer And Its Relationship With Mother-Child Relationship, Alaa Nasr
Theses and Dissertations
Having a child with cancer is one of the most stressful situations families can experience. This study sheds light on mothers’ stress and coping with pediatric cancer in the Arab world, with a specific focus on Kuwait. The first aim of this study was to examine mothers’ stress and how it related to the quality of mother-child relationship, and subsequently the child’s behavioral problems. The second aim was to explore mothers’ main stressors, resources and services that help or could help with alleviating the stress experienced from having a child with cancer. A total of 102 mothers living in Kuwait …
Historical Trauma: Literary And Testimonial Responses To Hiroshima, Mariam Ghonim
Historical Trauma: Literary And Testimonial Responses To Hiroshima, Mariam Ghonim
Theses and Dissertations
The concept of trauma is controversial in literature. While one may be able to come up with ways to describe trauma in fiction, representing historical trauma is a hard task for writers. Some argue that trauma can not be described through those who did not experience it, while others claim that, provided some elements are added, one can represent trauma to the reader. This thesis focuses on twentieth-century historical traumas related to a nuclear catastrophe and explores the different literary and testimonial responses to the catastrophic man-made event of Hiroshima (1945). In this thesis, Kathleen Burkinshaw’s historical fiction The Last …
Parental Psychological Maltreatment In Egypt: Exploring Intergenerational Parenting Behavior And Identifying Protective Factors, Sylvia Said
Theses and Dissertations
Psychological maltreatment is an under-recognized problem, even though it is a widespread form of child maltreatment and has detrimental consequences, whether in the short or long term. This study aims to explore the intergenerational patterns of parenting behaviors, measure the difference in emotionally abusive behaviors between mothers and fathers, investigate the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and adopting different parenting styles, and identify the protective factors against parental psychological maltreatment. A mixed-methods approach was used to answer these research questions thoroughly. Online versions of the survey, in English and Arabic, were shared on social media platforms, and online interviews were …
Say That Again: The Role Of Multimodal Redundancy In Communication And Context, Brandon Javier Dormes
Say That Again: The Role Of Multimodal Redundancy In Communication And Context, Brandon Javier Dormes
Cognitive Science Senior Theses
With several modes of expression, such as facial expressions, body language, and speech working together to convey meaning, social communication is rich in redundancy. While typically relegated to signal preservation, this study investigates the role of cross-modal redundancies in establishing performance context, focusing on unaided, solo performances. Drawing on information theory, I operationalize redundancy as predictability and use an array of machine learning models to featurize speakers' facial expressions, body poses, movement speeds, acoustic features, and spoken language from 24 TEDTalks and 16 episodes of Comedy Central Stand-Up Presents. This analysis demonstrates that it is possible to distinguish between these …
“As If I Use A Filter, And It Has Become A Part Of Me”: Discriminatory Workplace Experiences Of Lesbian And Gay Employees Of India, Sucharita Maji, Tushar Singh, Meghna Hooda, Kumari Sarika
“As If I Use A Filter, And It Has Become A Part Of Me”: Discriminatory Workplace Experiences Of Lesbian And Gay Employees Of India, Sucharita Maji, Tushar Singh, Meghna Hooda, Kumari Sarika
The Qualitative Report
In 2018, the Indian penal code scrapped section 377 and decriminalized consensual homosexuality. However, there exists a significant knowledge gap regarding what extent Indian workplaces have been successful in ensuring a discrimination-free environment for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees. Thus, to address this gap, the current study explored discriminatory workplace experiences encountered by Indian lesbian and gay (LG) employees. The qualitative data has been collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and analyzed through the thematic analysis method. A hybrid of the inductive and theoretical thematic analysis revealed four themes, that is, subtle discrimination, disclosure dilemmas, dressing and appearance …