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Articles 121 - 150 of 1084
Full-Text Articles in Other Psychology
The Machines Aren’T Taking Over (Yet): An Empirical Comparison Of Traditional, Profiling, And Machine Learning Approaches To Criterion-Related Validation, Kristin S. Allen, Mathijs Affourtit, Craig M. Reddock
The Machines Aren’T Taking Over (Yet): An Empirical Comparison Of Traditional, Profiling, And Machine Learning Approaches To Criterion-Related Validation, Kristin S. Allen, Mathijs Affourtit, Craig M. Reddock
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Criterion-related validation (CRV) studies are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of selection procedures. However, traditional CRV studies require significant investment of time and resources, as well as large sample sizes, which often create practical challenges. New techniques, which use machine learning to develop classification models from limited amounts of data, have emerged as a more efficient alternative. This study empirically investigates the effectiveness of traditional CRV with a variety of profiling approaches and machine learning techniques using repeated cross-validation. Results show that the traditional approach generally performs best both in terms of predicting performance and larger group differences between candidates …
Editorial: Five Years In, Scott Highhouse
Editorial: Five Years In, Scott Highhouse
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
No abstract provided.
The Process Of Establishing A Green Climate: Face-To-Face Interaction Between Leaders And Employees In The Microsystem, Ingeborg Flagstad, Svein Åge Kjøs Johnsen, Leif Rydstedt
The Process Of Establishing A Green Climate: Face-To-Face Interaction Between Leaders And Employees In The Microsystem, Ingeborg Flagstad, Svein Åge Kjøs Johnsen, Leif Rydstedt
The Journal of Values-Based Leadership
This study explores the processes of establishing a green organizational climate in small-scale companies. Previous studies have primarily focused on factors associated with pro-environmental behaviour in large organizations. The role of a green organizational climate—specifically, the interactional processes involved in the construction of a green climate—has largely been unexplored. Entrepreneurial small companies constitute an ideal arena in which to study the initial phase of greening processes. The present study examined the process of establishing a green organizational climate in seven small-scale Norwegian companies. This article presents a systems model that was developed to analyse how processes at different levels interact …
An Exploration Of Pediatricians’ Personal Value On Mental Health: Experience With Integrated Healthcare And Its Impact On Physicians’ Lives, Bridget Anton, Jason D. Reynolds 4858637
An Exploration Of Pediatricians’ Personal Value On Mental Health: Experience With Integrated Healthcare And Its Impact On Physicians’ Lives, Bridget Anton, Jason D. Reynolds 4858637
The Qualitative Report
An integrated healthcare model incorporates behavioral health services into a medical setting to address patients’ physical, emotional, and behavioral healthcare concerns. The integrated healthcare model has been associated with positive patient satisfaction and health outcomes, yet limited studies have examined, using qualitative methods, physicians’ experiences of working alongside behavioral health consultants (BHCs) in integrated healthcare settings. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with pediatricians (N=4) working in an integrated healthcare model. Participants shared that as pediatricians they received personal, educational, and organizational benefits from an integrated healthcare model. Pediatricians also reported increased knowledge in effectively addressing mental health concerns for …
China’S “Three Warfares”: People’S Liberation Army Influence Operations, Edwin S. Cochran, U.S. Department Of Defense, Retired
China’S “Three Warfares”: People’S Liberation Army Influence Operations, Edwin S. Cochran, U.S. Department Of Defense, Retired
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
The following article—whose author is both a retired US Army officer and retired Department of Defense civilian employee with multiple publications—focuses on Chinese information operations. Readers might wish to speculate on matters such as why the Chinese have organized the way they have, whether the organization leads to optimal integration of tools of national security/political power, and how vulnerable specific populations and even intelligence cultures are to specific types of information operations. One might even conclude that the only thing that has not changed in thousands of years has been the technology available to influence others.
This article examines the …
Special Issue - Call For Papers: Rethinking The Future Police Department: Examining The Role Of Testing And Assessment, Dennis Doverspike, Alexandra Petruzzelli, Marc Cubrich
Special Issue - Call For Papers: Rethinking The Future Police Department: Examining The Role Of Testing And Assessment, Dennis Doverspike, Alexandra Petruzzelli, Marc Cubrich
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
No abstract provided.
A Unifying Framework To Study Workplace Decision-Making Aptitude And Performance, Nikki Blacksmith, Maureen E. Mccusker, Theodore L. Hayes
A Unifying Framework To Study Workplace Decision-Making Aptitude And Performance, Nikki Blacksmith, Maureen E. Mccusker, Theodore L. Hayes
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Employers are facing a skills shortage in the labor market: there are not enough workers who can perform the complex decision-making tasks that characterize 21st-century work. This manuscript aims to stimulate research investigating the relationship among individual differences, decision-making aptitude, and decision performance. We offer guidelines for future research by laying out a framework to unify disparate streams of research from organizational science, and judgment and decision-making research. We advocate for the use of pattern-oriented analytical approaches to capture the complexities of the predictor and criterion space.
The Impact Of Nondiagnostic Information On Selection Decision Making: A Cautionary Note And Mitigation Strategies, Dev K. Dalal, Levi Sassaman, Xiaoyuan (Susan) Zhu
The Impact Of Nondiagnostic Information On Selection Decision Making: A Cautionary Note And Mitigation Strategies, Dev K. Dalal, Levi Sassaman, Xiaoyuan (Susan) Zhu
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Selection decision makers are inundated with information from which to make decisions about the suitability of a job candidate for a position. Although some of this information is relevant for making a high-quality decision (i.e., diagnostic information), much of the information is actually unrelated to the decision (i.e., nondiagnostic information). Although the deleterious effects of nondiagnostic information on selection decision making have been demonstrated, the prevalence and impact of this type of information is increasing, especially with recent advances in new selection methods used by employers. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to caution selection decision makers, and/or those …
Threat Of Technological Unemployment, Use Intentions, And The Promotion Of Structured Interviews In Personnel Selection, Kevin P. Nolan, Dev K. Dalal, Nathan Carter
Threat Of Technological Unemployment, Use Intentions, And The Promotion Of Structured Interviews In Personnel Selection, Kevin P. Nolan, Dev K. Dalal, Nathan Carter
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Meehl (1986) proposed that an important factor underlying professional decision makers’ resistance to standardized decision aids is threat of technological unemployment – fear that using the practices would reduce the perceived value of their employment. Nolan, Carter, and Dalal (2016) provided initial support for threat of technological unemployment being a factor that contributes to practitioners’ reluctance to adopt scientifically meritorious standardized hiring practices. This study serves to further develop the theory of threat of technological unemployment in personnel selection by (a) replicating the findings of our earlier research using a within-subjects methodology that is more generalizable to the cognitive processes …
Decoy Effects Improve Diversity Hiring, Nathan R. Kuncel, Jeffrey A. Dahlke
Decoy Effects Improve Diversity Hiring, Nathan R. Kuncel, Jeffrey A. Dahlke
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
A growing literature demonstrates that when making choices among multiple options, decision makers are strongly influenced by the mere presence of additional options, even when those options are largely undesirable and are never actually selected. The effects of irrelevant options on decisions, often called decoy effects, have been observed in hiring and admissions decisions where the nature of a third candidate can radically shift preferences. In this study, we examine the influence of decoy effects on diversity hiring and extend research by examining choices with more than two organizational goals. Results indicate that the presence of a second candidate who …
Does Feedback Increase Decision Aid Use Among Hiring Professionals?, Aneeqa Thiele, Alexander T. Jackson, Stacey M. Stremic, Satoris S. Howes
Does Feedback Increase Decision Aid Use Among Hiring Professionals?, Aneeqa Thiele, Alexander T. Jackson, Stacey M. Stremic, Satoris S. Howes
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
We examined the influence of formative and outcome feedback on people’s reliance on decision aids. Decision aids are tools that managers can use to increase the accuracy of their hiring decisions. In our study, participants were asked to make 20 different hiring decisions and make predictions of a candidate’s performance on the job, with the option of using a decision aid formula. We manipulated whether participants received feedback on the accuracy of their predictions, the accuracy of the decision aid’s predictions, or both. The results demonstrated that feedback failed to have a significant impact on decision aid use for both …
Pushing The Limits For Judgmental Consistency: Comparing Random Weighting Schemes With Expert Judgments, Martin C. Yu, Nathan R. Kuncel
Pushing The Limits For Judgmental Consistency: Comparing Random Weighting Schemes With Expert Judgments, Martin C. Yu, Nathan R. Kuncel
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Consistent use of information has been identified as a critical issue that can undermine expert predictions. Using three personnel assessment datasets, we conduct Monte Carlo simulations to compare the accuracy of expert judgements for predicting the job performance of managers against four different weighting schemes: consistent random weights, completely random weights, unit weights, and optimal weights. Expert accuracy fell within the completely random weight distribution in two samples and at the low end of the consistent random weight distribution in one sample. In other words, consistent random weights reliably outperformed expert judgment for hiring decisions across three datasets with a …
Introduction To The Special Issue On Applications Of Judgment And Decision Making To Problems In Personnel Assessment, Edgar E. Kausel, Alexander T. Jackson
Introduction To The Special Issue On Applications Of Judgment And Decision Making To Problems In Personnel Assessment, Edgar E. Kausel, Alexander T. Jackson
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
No abstract provided.
A Primer On Cognitive Errors Illustrated Through The Lens Of A Neurosurgical Practice, Jeffrey Evan Florman, Lisa Almeder, Robert Trowbridge
A Primer On Cognitive Errors Illustrated Through The Lens Of A Neurosurgical Practice, Jeffrey Evan Florman, Lisa Almeder, Robert Trowbridge
Journal of Maine Medical Center
Problem Statement:
Diagnostic error is often attributed to cognitive errors, including biased thinking patterns, rather than knowledge or data limitations, and education on cognitive bias deserves review in all spheres of practice.
Background:
The cognitive biases of practitioners create an inherent fallibility in recognizing and treating medical conditions. Awareness of cognitive errors is valuable for mitigating risk of diagnostic error.
The impact of cognitive error is substantial in the management of neurosurgically relevant disease. Remarkably broad differential diagnoses often accompany neurologic symptoms. Both focal and non-focal symptoms lend themselves to diagnostic inertia that contributes to errors. Further, initial diagnostic direction …
The Psychology Of Dystopian And Post-Apocalyptic Stories: The Proverbial Question Of Whether Life Will Imitate Art, Donna Roberts
The Psychology Of Dystopian And Post-Apocalyptic Stories: The Proverbial Question Of Whether Life Will Imitate Art, Donna Roberts
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
Dystopian and Post-Apocalyptic genres challenge our notions of Aristotelian mimesis vs Anti-mimesis – i.e., In the study of the human condition, does life imitate art or art imitate life? Popular culture, then and now, provides us with examples to depict the circularity of these notions and the psychological importance of exploring this aspect of human nature, particularly the contemplation of our own collective demise. While we recoil in horror at the images these genres portray, we are also morbidly fascinated by them, and we can’t help but ask ourselves . . . Could that really happen? Will that happen?
Comment …
Wombs, Wizards, And Wisdom: Bilbo's Journey From Childhood In The Hobbit, Rory W. Collins
Wombs, Wizards, And Wisdom: Bilbo's Journey From Childhood In The Hobbit, Rory W. Collins
Crossing Borders: A Multidisciplinary Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship
In The Hobbit, J. R. R. Tolkien constructs middle-aged Bilbo Baggins as a sheltered and emotionally immature ‘child’ during the opening chapters before tracing his development into an autonomous, self-aware adult as the tale progresses. This article examines Tolkien’s novel qua bildungsroman through both a literary lens—considering setting, dialogue, and symbolism, among other techniques—and via a psychological framework, emphasizing an Eriksonian conception of development. Additionally, Peter Jackson’s three-part film adaptation of The Hobbit is discussed throughout with ways that Jackson succeeds and fails at portraying Bilbo’s childlike attributes noted. I argue that Tolkien presents a sophisticated account of Bilbo’s …
Lgbtq Training For Aquatic Employees: Impact On Attitudes And Professional Competencies, Austin R. Anderson, Eric Knee, William D. Ramos
Lgbtq Training For Aquatic Employees: Impact On Attitudes And Professional Competencies, Austin R. Anderson, Eric Knee, William D. Ramos
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
This study examined the impact of a LGBTQ diversity training on the attitudes and professional competencies of aquatic employees within a campus recreational sports setting. While diversity training is often discussed as a key component of inclusive aquatic programming, little empirical research examining the outcomes associated with such trainings exists. As such, members of the research team developed, implemented, and evaluated a four-month long training program consisting of one in-person training session and monthly inclusion handouts discussing issues related to the inclusion of LGBTQ participants. A comparative quantitative research design was used to measure employee’s attitudes towards the LGBTQ population …
A Brief Evidence-Based Intervention To Enhance Workplace Well-Being And Flourishing In Health Care Professionals: Feasibility And Pilot Outcomes, Abbie O. Beacham, Alison Brainard, Norah Janosy, Jennifer Reese
A Brief Evidence-Based Intervention To Enhance Workplace Well-Being And Flourishing In Health Care Professionals: Feasibility And Pilot Outcomes, Abbie O. Beacham, Alison Brainard, Norah Janosy, Jennifer Reese
Journal of Wellness
Introduction: The deleterious direct and indirect effects of burnout among physicians and other health care professionals and learners have been well documented. Recently, there have been calls to shift the focus from distress and burnout to enhancing well-being of health care providers and learners. To this end, we developed a brief, well-being focused intervention entitled “CU Flourish” embedded in PERMA theory: positive emotion (P), engagement (E), relationships (R), meaning (M), and accomplishment (A) with a sixth domain – Health – in our working model. Within this framework, elements of values-based interventions, mindful awareness and psychological flexibility inherent to Acceptance and …
Special Issue - Call For Papers: Understanding Effects Of Impression Management On Assessment Outcomes, Neil Christiansen, Chet Robie
Special Issue - Call For Papers: Understanding Effects Of Impression Management On Assessment Outcomes, Neil Christiansen, Chet Robie
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
No abstract provided.
A Qualitative Examination Of Sport Retirement In Former Ncaa Division I Athletes, Kelly Barcza-Renner, Amber M. Shipherd, Itay Basevitch
A Qualitative Examination Of Sport Retirement In Former Ncaa Division I Athletes, Kelly Barcza-Renner, Amber M. Shipherd, Itay Basevitch
Journal of Athlete Development and Experience
Statistics indicate that the overwhelming majority of NCAA Division I college athletes will not continue in their sport professionally (NCAA, 2019). Therefore, there is a need to develop a deeper understanding of the variables that influence college athletes’ psychological health and well-being as they transition to retirement. The present study gathered detailed information about 15 former NCAA Division I college athletes’ retirement experiences four to five months post retirement. The findings suggested that the former college athletes had varied retirement experiences ranging from negative to positive. All college athletes who reported having a successful retirement transition described having at least …
Initial Reliability And Validity For The Critical Hire® - Screen, Tony Tatman, Matthew T. Huss
Initial Reliability And Validity For The Critical Hire® - Screen, Tony Tatman, Matthew T. Huss
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Although the use of integrity testing during the application process has become a frequent practice in general business settings, their use has been rather nonexistent in the field of corrections. This limited use may stem from a lack of awareness about integrity tests in corrections, as well as a lack of integrity measures that have been normed and validated for use with correctional applicants. This study outlines the development, reliability, and validity for the Critical Hire®-Screen (CH-S), an overt integrity assessment measure developed for probation, parole, and other correctional officer job applicants. Four separate studies were conducted and provide evidence …
1990s Grunge And Its Effect On Adolescents, Bailey Gomes
1990s Grunge And Its Effect On Adolescents, Bailey Gomes
Conspectus Borealis
No abstract provided.
Mental Health Advocacy: Building An Interdisciplinary Program For Agriculture Professionals, Abby E. Blankenship, Erica E. Nason, Olivia Hayes, Sebastian Bliss
Mental Health Advocacy: Building An Interdisciplinary Program For Agriculture Professionals, Abby E. Blankenship, Erica E. Nason, Olivia Hayes, Sebastian Bliss
Contemporary Rural Social Work Journal
The suicide rate among agriculturalists is 3.5 times higher than the general population. A number of external factors related to the farming and veterinary work put individuals in agricultural populations at risk for poor mental health outcomes, including economic variables (e.g. tariffs, market prices), environmental factors affecting yield (e.g. drought, pests), and exposure to difficult or traumatic life events (e.g., mistreatment of animals, loss of crop). Rural values including self-reliance, work orientation, and individualism combined with logistical and systemic barriers to competent behavioral health care further increase risk. Project GROW (Generating Resilience in Our Workforce) is a multifaceted full semester …
Creation Of Two Valid Scales: Willingness To Fly In An Aircraft And Willingness To Pilot An Aircraft, Stephen Rice, Scott R. Winter, John Capps, Justin Trombley, John Robbins, Mattie Milner, Tracy L. Lamb
Creation Of Two Valid Scales: Willingness To Fly In An Aircraft And Willingness To Pilot An Aircraft, Stephen Rice, Scott R. Winter, John Capps, Justin Trombley, John Robbins, Mattie Milner, Tracy L. Lamb
International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace
The purpose of the current study was to develop two scales that could be used concurrently or independently to measure passenger willingness to fly (WTF), and aviator willingness to pilot (WTP), respectively. This is especially useful to determine challenges involving acceptance of new aviation technology for both pilots and passengers. There were five stages in developing the WTF scale for passengers, following Hinkin’s scale development process. Cronbach’s Alpha and Guttmann’s Split Half tests were used to confirm high internal consistency and reliability, while factor analysis was used to confirm construct validity. The scale was tested in order to confirm sensitivity …
A Practical Guide For Using Electronic Surveys In Aviation Research: Best Practices Explained, Stephen Rice, Scott R. Winter
A Practical Guide For Using Electronic Surveys In Aviation Research: Best Practices Explained, Stephen Rice, Scott R. Winter
International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace
The purpose of this article is to provide aviation researchers who are interested in using Internet-based surveys with a justification and guide, along with best practices. A brief review of research methods, research design, and research methodologies precedes information on the types of research questions that can best be answered using survey research. The interaction of survey instruments and research design is discussed, such as using a survey instrument in an experimental design. Advantages and disadvantages of paper and electronic distribution are presented to help guide researchers into the best approach given their proposed goals. Guidance is also offered on …
The Impact Of #Metoo: A Review Of Leaders With Supervisor Power On Employee Motivation, Mary Kovach
The Impact Of #Metoo: A Review Of Leaders With Supervisor Power On Employee Motivation, Mary Kovach
The Journal of Values-Based Leadership
This manuscript intends to advance existing research, specifically, in gender dissimilar supervisor-employee workplace dyads by integrating #MeToo with our existing knowledge concerning supervisor power and employee motivation. With the #MeToo movement re-energized in 2017, power in leadership positions was redefined. As a result, power held by a supervisor is likely to influence outcomes based on gender and the employees’ source of motivation. Supervisors who believed they were successful through influence were more likely to exhibit power to achieve success. However, employees’ source of the motivation was a moderating factor in those outcomes. Meaning, outcomes were dependent on the type of …
Work Related Paternal Absence Among Petroleum Workers In Canada, Simon Nuttgens, Emily Doyle, Jeff Chang
Work Related Paternal Absence Among Petroleum Workers In Canada, Simon Nuttgens, Emily Doyle, Jeff Chang
The Qualitative Report
Work-Related Parental Absence (WRPA) is common in contemporary family life. Industries such as aviation, fishing, logging, mining, and petroleum extraction all require the employee to work away from family from short to significant periods of time. In Canada’s petroleum industry, work schedules that involve parental absence are especially common. There has been ample research conducted on the impact of military deployment on families, some research on how mining families are impacted by WRPA, and a small amount of research on the effects of WRPA among offshore European petroleum workers and their families. However, there is no research currently available that …
Keep The Faith Not The Guilt: Demonization Of Sex Workers, Jessica Hodges
Keep The Faith Not The Guilt: Demonization Of Sex Workers, Jessica Hodges
Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal
Previous research shows that religiosity and attitudes about sexual topics are strongly correlated and typically negative. That is, as religiosity increases, views toward sexual topics tend to become more conservative or generally more negative in valence. However, current research also suggests that one’s sexual guilt may be the mediating influence in the relationship between religiosity and negative sexual attitudes. The present study seeks to replicate and extend research that examined the extent to which an individual's religiosity and sexual guilt influence their perspective of pornography and sex workers (Study 1). To replicate this (Study 2), a survey containing relevant measures …
Crowdsourcing Job Satisfaction Data: Examining The Construct Validity Of Glassdoor.Com Ratings, Richard N. Landers, Robert C. Brusso, Elena M. Auer
Crowdsourcing Job Satisfaction Data: Examining The Construct Validity Of Glassdoor.Com Ratings, Richard N. Landers, Robert C. Brusso, Elena M. Auer
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Researchers, practitioners, and job seekers now routinely use crowdsourced data about organizations for both decision-making and research purposes. Despite the popularity of such websites, empirical evidence regarding their validity is generally absent. In this study, we tackled this problem by combining two curated datasets: (a) the results of the 2017 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey (FEVS), which contains facet-level job satisfaction ratings from 407,789 US federal employees, and which we aggregated to the agency level, and (b) current overall and facet ratings of job satisfaction of the federal agencies contained within FEVS from Glassdoor.com as scraped from the Glassdoor application programming …
“Where’S The I-O?” Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning In Talent Management Systems, Manuel F. Gonzalez, John F. Capman, Frederick L. Oswald, Evan R. Theys, David L. Tomczak
“Where’S The I-O?” Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning In Talent Management Systems, Manuel F. Gonzalez, John F. Capman, Frederick L. Oswald, Evan R. Theys, David L. Tomczak
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have seen widespread adoption by organizations seeking to identify and hire high-quality job applicants. Yet the volume, variety, and velocity of professional involvement among I-O psychologists remains relatively limited when it comes to developing and evaluating AI/ML applications for talent assessment and selection. Furthermore, there is a paucity of empirical research that investigates the reliability, validity, and fairness of AI/ML tools in organizational contexts. To stimulate future involvement and research, we share our review and perspective on the current state of AI/ML in talent assessment as well as its benefits and potential pitfalls; …