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Articles 31 - 60 of 71
Full-Text Articles in Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Work-Family Balance And Religion: A Resource Based Perspective, Shivani Praful Patel
Work-Family Balance And Religion: A Resource Based Perspective, Shivani Praful Patel
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
It is increasingly recognized that work and family roles do not represent fully separate life domains (Voydanoff, 2004). This is one reason, why occupational health researchers and practitioners are working to understand and facilitate balance between work and nonwork roles. Most existing literature defines interrole balance by emphasizing work and family roles alone; unfortunately, this narrow focus prevents us from recognizing individuals’ engagements in many other roles that may also influence one’s balance. The present study was designed to expand our thinking about work-nonwork role balance by presenting and testing a model that incorporates a third important role, involvement in …
Evaluating Web-Based Realistic Job Preview Formats: Applicant Attraction, Intentions To Pursue, And Job Acceptance Decisions, Laure L. Rodenbaugh
Evaluating Web-Based Realistic Job Preview Formats: Applicant Attraction, Intentions To Pursue, And Job Acceptance Decisions, Laure L. Rodenbaugh
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
A recent trend in organizational selection is the use of web-based job search engines to post current employment opportunities. This study utilized a sample of junior and senior level undergraduate business and psychology students expected to actively be searching for permanent employment within one year. Three different job advertisement/RJP conditions were employed: presentation of standard/general job and company information, a written RJP with general company information, and a video-formatted RJP with general information about the company. Each condition was formatted to resemble those job postings currently in use on the web. Corresponding scales intended to measure the participant’s attraction to …
Predicting Athletic Performance: The Effects Of Judgment And Motivation, Matthew E. Smallwood
Predicting Athletic Performance: The Effects Of Judgment And Motivation, Matthew E. Smallwood
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of athlete motivation and judgment on the relationship between athletic ability and athletic performance. Much existing empirical literature has focused on motivation and cognitive ability in relation to athletic performance, but athlete judgment has received relatively little research attention. It was hypothesized that high performers will have stronger judgment and motivation scores than will lower performers. Results suggest the ability to make strategic decisions as operationalized by Systemic Judgment may be predictive of Athletic Performance.
Organizational Justice, Equity Sensitivity, And Workplace Attitudes, Tatiana B. Trevor
Organizational Justice, Equity Sensitivity, And Workplace Attitudes, Tatiana B. Trevor
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Organizational justice is a multifaceted construct used to measure perceptions of equity within an organization. Utilizing hierarchical regression analysis, this study tested how equity sensitivity moderated the relationship between organizational justice and overall job attitudes, including job satisfaction and affective commitment. A sample of employees at one small and one medium southeastern university were used to demonstrate that equity sensitivity influenced perceptions of justice resulting in an increase or decrease in individual and organizationally-directed workplace attitudes. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
The Relationship Between Personality, Stressors, And Strains Among Chinese Workers, Ju-Miao Cheng
The Relationship Between Personality, Stressors, And Strains Among Chinese Workers, Ju-Miao Cheng
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study examined how the Five Factor Model (FFM) personality traits influence the stress process experienced by manufacturing workers (N = 439) in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). More specifically, the mediating effects from perceived stressors (interpersonal conflict, quantitative workload, and role conflict, and role ambiguity) on the relationships between three FFM traits (neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness) with strains (depression, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction) were examined. The moderating effects of three FFM traits on the relationships between perceived stressors and strains were also examined. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses and multiple me diation bootstrap analyses were conducted to …
What Makes People Stay? Examining The Relationships Among Loyalty To Supervisor, Organizational Commitment And Intent To Turnover, Christie Cunningham
What Makes People Stay? Examining The Relationships Among Loyalty To Supervisor, Organizational Commitment And Intent To Turnover, Christie Cunningham
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Using survey data from a sample of 130 employees across a range of jobs in various organizations, the author examined the relationships among loyalty to supervisor, organizational commitment (affective, continuance, and normative), and intent to turnover. Regression analyses indicated that of the three forms of organizational commitment, only affective commitment fully mediated the relationship between loyalty to supervisor and intent to turnover. These results stress the importance of defining and creating a work environment in which both loyalty to supervisor and affective commitment are enhanced. Research implications, limitations, and areas for future research are also discussed.
The Role Of Emotional Intelligence In Leadership Effectiveness: A Meta-Analysis, Ashleigh D. Farrar
The Role Of Emotional Intelligence In Leadership Effectiveness: A Meta-Analysis, Ashleigh D. Farrar
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Leaders are an essential element of the business world. While good leaders can provide many benefits for an organization, unsuccessful leaders can be detrimental. The notion that emotional intelligence plays a part in whether a leader is effective or not effective has recently been introduced. This study sought to unify the literature evaluating the possible link between emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness. Meta- analytic techniques were used to analyze this relationship. Results revealed that overall, there is a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness. Also, while the type of emotional intelligence measure used served as a moderator to …
Self-Assessments By U.S. Army Officers: Effects Of Skill Level And Item Ambiguity On Accuracy, John T. Breidert
Self-Assessments By U.S. Army Officers: Effects Of Skill Level And Item Ambiguity On Accuracy, John T. Breidert
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Organizations benefit from the use of training and performance assessments. Self-assessment is a way for trainees to monitor their progress throughout training and on the job. The literature indicates that ambiguity and skill level are factors that impact the accuracy of self-assessments. Previously, the effect of the interaction of ambiguity and skill level on self-assessment accuracy had not been investigated. The present study assessed the effect of skill level and item ambiguity on the accuracy of self-assessments made by Lieutenants and Captains in the U. S. Army. The results indicated that increased skill level resulted in increased accuracy of self-assessments …
Measurement Equivalence Of Paper-And-Pencil And Internet Organisational Surveys: A Large Scale Examination In 16 Countries, Alain De Beuckelaer, Filip Lievens
Measurement Equivalence Of Paper-And-Pencil And Internet Organisational Surveys: A Large Scale Examination In 16 Countries, Alain De Beuckelaer, Filip Lievens
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In multinational surveys, mixed-mode administration modes (e.g. combining Internet and paper-and-pencil administration) are increasingly used. To date, no studies have investigated whether measurement equivalence exists between Internet data collection and data collection using the conventional paper-and-pencil method in organisational surveys which include a large number of countries. This paper examined the measurement equivalence of a truly global organisational survey across Internet and paper-and-pencil survey administrations. Data from an organisational survey in 16 countries (N = 52,461) across the globe were used to assess the measurement equivalence of an organisational climate measure within each country in which the survey was administered. …
Investigating The Effects Of Observer Presence And Feedback On Individuals' Work-Related Behavior, Angela R. Lebbon
Investigating The Effects Of Observer Presence And Feedback On Individuals' Work-Related Behavior, Angela R. Lebbon
Dissertations
Direct observation procedures have been widely used by applied behavior analysts to examine the effects of various interventions, however, recent research examining the effects of the observer's presence on behavior has found that participants behave in ways that are not representative of their behavior in the absence of an observer. Furthermore, recent research has demonstrated that both reactivity and habituation are idiosyncratic and it remains unclear which variables mediate reactive effects with individuals. Researchers have discussed the necessity of identifying and measuring reactive effects in order to discover variables (e.g., discriminative stimulus properties) that may mediate reactive effects. Previous research …
Comparing The Accuracy Of Performing Digital And Paper Checklists Using A Feedback Package During Normal Workload Conditions In Simulated Flight, William Gene Rantz
Comparing The Accuracy Of Performing Digital And Paper Checklists Using A Feedback Package During Normal Workload Conditions In Simulated Flight, William Gene Rantz
Dissertations
This study examined whether pilots completed airplane digital or paper checklists more accurately when they received post-flight graphic and verbal feedback. Participants were 6 college student pilots with instrument rating. The task consisted of flying flight patterns using a Frasca 241 Flight Training Device which emulates a Cirrus SR20 aircraft. The main dependent variable was the number of checklist items completed correctly per flight. An alternating treatment, multiple baseline design across pairs with reversal, was used. During baseline, the average percent of correctly completed items per flight varied considerably across participants, ranging from 13% to 57% for traditional paper checklists …
Effects Of Age And Promotion In The Use Of Psychological Resources Of Promoted Employees, Janet M. Thorne-Chan
Effects Of Age And Promotion In The Use Of Psychological Resources Of Promoted Employees, Janet M. Thorne-Chan
Dissertations
There is little research on the personal experiences of employees as they make a career transition due to promotion. The purpose of this study was to examine how newly promoted employees use their psychological resources to cope with transition. The Career Transition Inventory (CTI) was administered to 32 hairstylists from 14 different salons in the Midwest. The five scales of the CTI (Readiness, Confidence, Control, Support, and Independence) were used to identify how psychological resources were used by promoted employees. The CTI scales were compared to the variables of Age and Promotion since these variables are mentioned in the literature …
Organizational Justice Perceptions In China: Development Of The Chinese Organizational Justice Scale, Katherine M. Fodchuk
Organizational Justice Perceptions In China: Development Of The Chinese Organizational Justice Scale, Katherine M. Fodchuk
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Research analyzing fairness perceptions within organizations has gained the attention of cross-cultural theorists as the criteria used to judge fairness varies across cultures. Review of the literature indicates that researchers use translated Western measures of organizational justice on Eastern samples despite evidence of cultural variation in justice criteria. This dissertation addresses some of the gaps in the current research by developing and validating an indigenous measure of Chinese organizational justice perceptions. A preliminary qualitative study revealed numerous justice rules used by Chinese employees to determine whether a workplace decision was fair. The qualitative results were used to develop the Chinese …
Tapping The Grapevine: A Closer Look At Word-Of-Mouth As A Recruitment Source, Greet Van Hoye, Filip Lievens
Tapping The Grapevine: A Closer Look At Word-Of-Mouth As A Recruitment Source, Greet Van Hoye, Filip Lievens
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
To advance knowledge of word-of-mouth as a company-independent recruitment source, this study draws on conceptualizations of word-of-mouth in the marketing literature. The sample consisted of 612 potential applicants targeted by the Belgian Defense. Consistent with the recipient-source framework, time spent receiving positive word-of-mouth was determined by the traits of the recipient (extraversion and conscientiousness), the characteristics of the source (perceived expertise), and their mutual relationship (tie strength). Only conscientiousness and source expertise were determinants of receiving negative word-of-mouth. In line with the accessibility-diagnosticity model, receiving positive employment information through word-of-mouth early in the recruitment process was positively associated with perceptual …
Linking Indoor Environment Conditions To Job Satisfaction: A Field Study, Jay Brand
Linking Indoor Environment Conditions To Job Satisfaction: A Field Study, Jay Brand
Faculty Publications
Physical and questionnaire data were collected from 95 workstations at an open-plan office building in Michigan, US. The physical measurements encompassed thermal, lighting, and acoustic variables, furniture dimensions, and an assessment of potential exterior view. Occupants answered a detailed questionnaire concerning their environmental and job satisfaction, and aspects of well-being. These data were used to test, via mediated regression, a model linking the physical environment, through environmental satisfaction, to job satisfaction and other related measures. In particular, a significant link was demonstrated between overall environmental satisfaction and job satisfaction, mediated by satisfaction with management and with compensation. Analysis of physical …
Problem Identification And Construction: What Do We Know, What Is The Future?, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Erika J. Robinson
Problem Identification And Construction: What Do We Know, What Is The Future?, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Erika J. Robinson
Psychology Faculty Publications
Many cognitive process theories of creativity include an initial process of problem identification, definition, and construction. Previous research suggests that problem identification and construction is related to creativity, and that creative individuals and experts tend to engage in problem identification and construction. Finally, previous research suggests that inducing active engagement in problem identification and construction, through instructions or training, facilitates creativity. In this paper we further offer our views regarding important future direction for researchers in this area. Specifically, issues regarding methodology, the relationship between personality and values and how problems are constructed, and problem identification and construction in teams …
Training Collaboration In A Network-Assisted Environment, Brooke Schaab, J. Douglas Dressel, Mark A. Sabol, Andrea L. Lassiter
Training Collaboration In A Network-Assisted Environment, Brooke Schaab, J. Douglas Dressel, Mark A. Sabol, Andrea L. Lassiter
Psychology Department Publications
Technology enabled non-face-to-face collaboration has the potential to enhance information sharing and shared situational awareness (SSA) by providing near real-time information to a wide audience. Collaborators require an awareness of what critical information should be shared to develop this SSA. Previous research suggested that participants, while reporting that they shared relevant information, in actuality did not. To explore this issue, the previous research was repeated with the addition of having half of the participants exposed to a short training video on how to collaborate. Participants who received training on how to collaborate located significantly more SCUDs during each of the …
Role Of Enriched Representations In Collaborative Planning Processes, Elizabeth A. Lerner
Role Of Enriched Representations In Collaborative Planning Processes, Elizabeth A. Lerner
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
The current study addressed the function of representing constraints in a display that is used for the process of planning on a team level. The experimental task was a modification of a game entitled 10 Days in Africa in which the players must complete a journey through the continent of Africa. Dyads participated in the game by constructing their own planning representations, as well as collaborating with the other player. We augmented the standard Gantt chart representation of timeline events with representations for the constraints holding between adjacent events. To examine the function of constraint representation in planning, we examined …
Informational Social Support And The Stress Involved In Surviving A Reduction-In-Force, Woodstock Leben Koch-Wain
Informational Social Support And The Stress Involved In Surviving A Reduction-In-Force, Woodstock Leben Koch-Wain
Theses Digitization Project
This study looked at companies experiencing severe economic downturns and reductions-in-force (RIF) to help mitigate financial short fallings. While employing a smaller work force intially saves capital, the psychological ramifications of such a process can be detrimental for those employees released (i.e., leavers) as well as those that remain (i.e., survivors). This study examined the effectiveness of informational versus emotional or instrumental social support in mitigating stress amd also considered the effectiveness of procedural justice.
Family-Organization Fit: An Extension On Person-Organization Fit, Rebekah Elaine Massmann
Family-Organization Fit: An Extension On Person-Organization Fit, Rebekah Elaine Massmann
Theses Digitization Project
This study was designed to investigate how employees and/or their families "fit" or "match" with organizations. Family Organization (F-O) fit was proposed as an extension on Person-Organization (P-O) fit, while also drawing from the work and family literature. A scale was created to measure F-O fit, and it consisted of complementary and supplementary items.
Supervisors’ Perspectives: Variables Influencing The Quality Of Supervision, Terra L. Rose
Supervisors’ Perspectives: Variables Influencing The Quality Of Supervision, Terra L. Rose
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
A number of studies have sought to examine clinical supervision from the perspective of the supervisee; however, fewer studies have investigated the practice of supervision from the supervisor’s perspective. Using a survey approach, supervisors at all levels of expertise reported their experiences surrounding the applied and administrative aspects of supervision. Data examined training in supervision, typical supervision activities with supervisees, the value placed on supervision at work settings, and how administrative influences impact supervisory practice. Results indicated that supervisory practices were not consistent with empirically identified “best practices” of clinical supervision, with supervisors reporting not being provided the time, resources, …
Modeling The Impact Of Test Anxiety And Test Familiarity On The Criterion-Related Validity Of Cognitive Ability Tests, Charlie L. Reeve, Eric D. Heggestad, Filip Lievens
Modeling The Impact Of Test Anxiety And Test Familiarity On The Criterion-Related Validity Of Cognitive Ability Tests, Charlie L. Reeve, Eric D. Heggestad, Filip Lievens
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The assessment of cognitive abilities, whether it is for purposes of basic research or applied decision making. is potentially susceptible to both facilitating and debilitating influences. However, relatively little research has examined the degree to which these factors might moderate the criterion-related validity of cognitive ability tests. To address this gap, we use Classical Test Theory formulas to articulate how test anxiety and test familiarity can influence observed scores, observed score variance, and most importantly, the criterion-related validity of observed scores. The resulting equations reveal that understanding the influence of test anxiety and test familiarity on criterion-related validity coefficients requires …
The Importance Of Exercise And Dimension Factors In Assessment Centers: Simultaneous Examinations Of Construct-Related And Criterion-Related Validity, Filip Lievens, Stephan Dilchert, Deniz S. Ones
The Importance Of Exercise And Dimension Factors In Assessment Centers: Simultaneous Examinations Of Construct-Related And Criterion-Related Validity, Filip Lievens, Stephan Dilchert, Deniz S. Ones
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study presents a simultaneous examination of multiple evidential bases of the validity of assessment center (AC) ratings. In particular, we combine both construct-related and criterion-related validation strategies in the same sample to determine the relative importance of exercises and dimensions. We examine the underlying structure of ACs in terms of exercise and dimension factors while directly linking these factors to a work-related criterion (salary). Results from an AC (N = 753) showed that exercise factors not only explained more variance in AC ratings than dimension factors but also were more important in predicting salary. Dimension factors explained a smaller …
The Role Of Emotional Labor In Performance Appraisal: Are Supervisors Getting Into The Act?, Samantha A. Ritchie, Allison L. O'Malley
The Role Of Emotional Labor In Performance Appraisal: Are Supervisors Getting Into The Act?, Samantha A. Ritchie, Allison L. O'Malley
Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS
Researchers have issued a call for research on emotional labor to move beyond service roles to other organizational roles (Ashforth & Humphrey, 1993). The present paper proposes that emotional labor plays a pivotal role during performance feedback exchanges between supervisors and subordinates. We suggest that the emotional labor supervisors engage in while providing performance feedback is a vital mechanism by which leaders impact followers' perceptions of the feedback environment (Steelman, Levy, & Snell, 2004) and, subsequently, important outcomes (e.g., employee satisfaction with the feedback, motivation to use feedback, feedback seeking frequency, and LMX quality).
Effects Of Regulatory Focus And Counterfactual Thought On Goal Pursuit In Achievement Settings : A Social Cognitive Perspective, Jessica Michelle Nicklin
Effects Of Regulatory Focus And Counterfactual Thought On Goal Pursuit In Achievement Settings : A Social Cognitive Perspective, Jessica Michelle Nicklin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The primary goal of this study was to examine cognitive and dispositional factors that may influence self-regulated motivation from the perspective of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT: Bandura, 1986, 1989, 2002). In particular, this study examined the potential moderating effects of regulatory focus (Higgins, 1997) and counterfactual thought (Roese, 1994) on the feedback - goal revision relationship. In a sample of 297 college students, the results showed that feedback, whether based on a standard of performance or self-set goals was a strong predictor of goal level set by participants. Individuals with negative discrepancies engaged in more positive discrepancy creation than individual …
Work-Family Conflict And Psychological Distress In U.S. Latino Mothers And Fathers : The Moderating Effects Of Familismo And Gender, Ingrid Vanessa Rodriguez
Work-Family Conflict And Psychological Distress In U.S. Latino Mothers And Fathers : The Moderating Effects Of Familismo And Gender, Ingrid Vanessa Rodriguez
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Conflicts between work and family domains have been found to negatively affect physical and psychological wellbeing. In studies with European Americans, the relationship between work-family conflict and psychological distress appears to be comparable across gender; however, research with Latinos has found that women experienced significantly more work-family conflict than men. The majority of the work-family literature has focused on work variables that contribute to or reduce work-family conflict and distress; thus, the beneficial aspects of family have been largely ignored. There is some evidence to suggest that a supportive family life could have positive effects on the work domain, thereby …
The Effect Of Story Structure On Memory For Technical Instructions, Pamela R. Dowling
The Effect Of Story Structure On Memory For Technical Instructions, Pamela R. Dowling
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Stories represent an important key to how people remember information. Psychology has characterized stories in terms of grammars, which are lists of components typically found in stories (e.g., setting, protagonist, causal sequence etc.). This has a tendency to limit the definition of a story to grammars and negate the importance of ideas such as content. The present research hopes to expand the definition of a story by introducing another set of literature, namely speech act theory. According to speech act theory, conversations include more information than regular text regarding expectations among the conversational participants and common patterns of conversational exchange. …
Role Of Assigned Team Goals In The Relationship Between Individual Difference Factors And Self-Set Goals In A Pre-Team Context, Anupama Narayan
Role Of Assigned Team Goals In The Relationship Between Individual Difference Factors And Self-Set Goals In A Pre-Team Context, Anupama Narayan
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of individual difference factors, i.e., core self evaluations, cognitive ability, and task specific self-efficacy, on self-set goals and whether those effects were moderated by an assigned team goal in a pre-team context. It was hypothesized that the relationship between individual difference factors and self-set goals for potential team members would be differentially affected by the difficulty of the assigned team goal. I assessed these relationships for individual performance and individual satisfaction. In addition, I examined whether gender, task type, and team composition interacted in their effects on self-set goals. …
Creating Safety In The Diagnostic Testing Processes Of Family Medical Practices, Timothy Ryan Mcewen
Creating Safety In The Diagnostic Testing Processes Of Family Medical Practices, Timothy Ryan Mcewen
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Four mid-Western family practices were studied using three methods (observations, interviews, and an audit of patient records) in effort to discover the dynamics and constraints of their diagnostic testing processes. We have found further evidence that errors do occur at many of the steps in the processes, but that the patterns of those errors are not independent of each other and are a function of systemic factors unique to each practice. Furthermore, while many employees or steps in the process may be considered a source of error, they were also shown to be major sources of quality and safety in …
Dynamic Decision Making In Surgery, Lisa Marie Kervin
Dynamic Decision Making In Surgery, Lisa Marie Kervin
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Following Dominguez (1997), we tested for differences among 10 resident surgeons' eye-scanning patterns during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy video. We measured time, number of fixations on anatomy and instruments, discomfort level ratings, notation of cystic artery, and conversion to open-incision. We expected our 10 residents would fall into two scanning strategies, proactive or reactive. Proactive strategists were defined as more skilled (year in residency, cases performed), anticipatory of danger (time and fixations on anatomy), observant of the pulsing cystic artery, and converting from laparoscopy to open when highly uncomfortable. Reactive strategists were expected to spend more time on instruments, have low …