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Industrial and Organizational Psychology Commons™
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Articles 361 - 390 of 420
Full-Text Articles in Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Examining The Impact Of Selection Practices On Subsequent Employee Engagement, Sofia N. Rodriguez
Examining The Impact Of Selection Practices On Subsequent Employee Engagement, Sofia N. Rodriguez
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Employee engagement is often defined as the vigor, dedication, and absorption one feels about and/or displays within their job. It has long been asserted that engagement is highest for employees who “fit” better with their work. Applicants determine their anticipated levels of fit throughout the selection process. Therefore, it is crucial that the information organizations provide will allow applicants to make accurate assumptions of fit to increase the probability that the vacancy will be filled by an applicant best suited for the position. This study was designed to identify if the practices used during organizations’ selection processes influence the accuracy …
Leader Behavior And Follower Work Behavior: The Influence Of Follower Characteristics, C. Allen Gorman, Jason Gamble
Leader Behavior And Follower Work Behavior: The Influence Of Follower Characteristics, C. Allen Gorman, Jason Gamble
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Research on leadership and subsequent follower outcomes has remained a prominent topic of study in the organizational sciences. Unfortunately, the leadership literature has neglected the role of follower characteristics as potential influences on the relationship between leader behavior and follower work behavior. In this session, we will review the literature on follower individual differences as they relate to leader effectiveness. We will also report the results of 2 studies that we conducted to further examine this issue. In the first study, we found that follower promotion focus mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and follower organizational citizenship behavior. In the …
Current Leadership Development Practices: A Ge Example, Nicole Wild
Current Leadership Development Practices: A Ge Example, Nicole Wild
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
In today’s global business environment, it is important – now more than ever - that leaders are equipped with the necessary skills to empower and inspire employees to deliver results to customers in an uncertain world. Leadership development has become critical toward ensuring that leaders have the support and the opportunity to explore their leadership style and learn how to effectively lead others. This session examines leadership development in the modern age and provides examples of what companies like General Electric (GE) are doing to develop leaders who can operate within a global economy, lead employees through times of extreme …
Your Attention Please! Careless Responding As A Threat To Data Quality, Nathan Bowling
Your Attention Please! Careless Responding As A Threat To Data Quality, Nathan Bowling
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
When I/O psychologists collect self-report data, they hope that every participant will carefully reflect on every questionnaire item. Unfortunately, this is not always the case: Datasets often include some participants who have responded carelessly to part—or all—of the study questionnaire (Meade & Craig, 2012). In this presentation I will discuss the detection and prevention of careless responding and I will identify the conditions that are most likely to produce careless responding. The following subsections provide an overview of my presentation. Careless responding occurs when research participants provide inaccurate data because they have failed to carefully read or comply with questionnaire …
Active Or Passive? An Examination Of The Relationship Between The Valence Of Work Experiences And Choice Of Recovery Strategy, Ashley Keating
Active Or Passive? An Examination Of The Relationship Between The Valence Of Work Experiences And Choice Of Recovery Strategy, Ashley Keating
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Regular work days place a strain on employees, depleting precious resources which must be recovered. Recovery results from either passive or active activities. Little research has examined the effect of positive and negative experiences at work and their impact on recovery. The present study investigated how positive or negative experiences at work impact one’s choice of recovery strategy outside of work. I hypothesized that positive experiences at work are positively correlated with a person’s likelihood of engaging in active recovery due to gained resources, and vice versa. The sample for this study consisted of full-time employees with a regular working …
Socializing To Recover From Work Stress: The Benefits Of Acting Extraverted, Robert Harste
Socializing To Recover From Work Stress: The Benefits Of Acting Extraverted, Robert Harste
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of socializing, or activities that are characterized by social interaction, on recovery from work stress. Drawing from consistent findings in personality research, we hypothesized that individuals who measure high in extraversion receive the greatest recovery benefits from socializing, and that this relationship is mediated by state positive affect. An online assessment was administered to 238 participants to measure trait extraversion, trait and state affect, and factors related to their social activities across two recent time periods. Hypotheses were tested using correlational and regression-based techniques. The findings provide support for a …
The Use Of Criminal Background Checks: Does Type Of Offense Influence Likelihood To Interview, Likelihood To Hire, And Salary?, Brittany Sentell
The Use Of Criminal Background Checks: Does Type Of Offense Influence Likelihood To Interview, Likelihood To Hire, And Salary?, Brittany Sentell
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
To protect organizations from liabilities and litigation, background checks are becoming increasingly common during the hiring process. Correspondingly, many individuals have committed criminal offenses which often excludes them from being selected for a job. This study examines the effects of criminal offenses, such as those often identified through background checks, on selection decisions such as interviewing, hiring, and starting salary. For this study, a résumé with an accompanying background check similar to what is used in many organizations were provided to professionals and to undergraduate psychology and business students at a midsized university located in the southeastern United States. As …
Combined Influence Of Personality And Leader Member Exchange On Task And Citizenship Performance, Jennifer B. Scroggins
Combined Influence Of Personality And Leader Member Exchange On Task And Citizenship Performance, Jennifer B. Scroggins
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
As organizations continue to focus on improving their effectiveness, research suggests that employee performance should be an obvious consideration due to the significant influence employee behavior can have on organizational outcomes. The present study evaluated the relationship between the personality traits of Conscientiousness and Agreeableness, Leader Member Exchange (LMX), and two basic types of performance: task performance and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Insights into how personality and LMX impacts employee performance has implications for both employee selection and organizational design. Using a sample composed of students and non-students (N = 215), results support a positive relationship between LMX, conscientiousness, and …
Authoritative Parenting And Transformational Leadership: An Example Of Family-To-Work Enrichment, Katherine Kearns
Authoritative Parenting And Transformational Leadership: An Example Of Family-To-Work Enrichment, Katherine Kearns
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study was designed to examine the relationship between authoritative parenting and transformational leadership as an example of family-work enrichment. Participants were working managers who are parents (N = 150), recruited from MBA programs, manufacturing companies, and social media. Participants responded to an internet-based survey composed of measures of parenting style, work-family enrichment, and transformational leadership. Participants also provided responses regarding the overall impact of having children on their personal leadership development. Analyses of self-reported data consisted of correlation and regression-based methods for identifying relationships and predictor variables. Qualitative data were also gathered and content analyzed, helping to illustrate …
Anticipated Work-Nonwork Balance And Conflict As Predictors Of Job Choice: Identity Salience As Moderator, Christopher R. Hudson Jr.
Anticipated Work-Nonwork Balance And Conflict As Predictors Of Job Choice: Identity Salience As Moderator, Christopher R. Hudson Jr.
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This study examines individual job choice decision making with the foreknowledge that such choices will impact the quality of a person’s future work-nonwork roles. It is likely that job applicants have at least some anticipation of the work-nonwork conflict (WNC) and work-nonwork balance (WNB) they will face if they accept a certain job offer. Although most research has provided reasons for organizations to promote WNB and reduce WNC in the workplace, little research has examined the influence of anticipated WNB and WNC on applicant job choice. The present study explores this question and considers whether a person’s work and nonwork …
Waiting For The Right Place And Right Time: Belief Content Correlates Of Academic Procrastination, Steven S. Littrell
Waiting For The Right Place And Right Time: Belief Content Correlates Of Academic Procrastination, Steven S. Littrell
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study investigated a conditional model of dispositional and situational variables to predict academic procrastination and academic achievement. Traditional predictive models focus on personality traits, specifically conscientiousness and neuroticism. The dispositional variables of interest in the present study were self-regard, frustration intolerance, grit, and goal orientation. The situational variables were course/task self-efficacy, boredom, and task value. It was hypothesized that self-regard, frustration intolerance, grit, and goal orientation would each be associated with self-efficacy, boredom, task value, academic procrastination and academic achievement and that the conditional model would more strongly predict both academic procrastination and academic achievement than personality traits …
Work-Life Balance, Identity Salience And Break Taking Behaviors In Indian Expatriates, Pooja Bangalore Vijayakumar
Work-Life Balance, Identity Salience And Break Taking Behaviors In Indian Expatriates, Pooja Bangalore Vijayakumar
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This study focuses on the challenges faced by Indian expatriates working in the IT industry in the USA. It specifically examines participants’ work-nonwork role relationship quality, identity salience, and break taking behaviors. The sample for this study consisted of 415 Indian expatriates working in the IT industry. A computational tool called PROCESS was used to test the path analysis-based moderation and mediation analyses and their integrated form of conditional process models to determine whether work-nonwork role relationship quality mediates the relationship between work-related stressor and wellbeing. The relationships among work-related stressors, work-nonwork role relationship quality, and wellbeing were examined, while …
Antecedent Conditions Of Shared Leadership: An Examination Of Team Personality Composition, Shared Leadership, And Team Effectiveness, Nicole Wild
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study examined the antecedent conditions necessary for shared leadership to develop in teams and enhance team effectiveness. An overview of the research on traditional leadership, shared leadership, and team personality composition examined the evidence in support of using team agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience to predict shared leadership in teams. The study sample consisted of manufacturing employees at an appliance manufacturing plant. It was proposed that team agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience would significantly predict shared empowering leadership in teams, which subsequently would predict team effectiveness. Results of multiple regression revealed no significant relationships between team …
Examining The Relationship Between Physical Activity Psychological Well-Being And Stress In A College Population, Hannah K. Wike
Examining The Relationship Between Physical Activity Psychological Well-Being And Stress In A College Population, Hannah K. Wike
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study evaluated the relationship between perceived stress and psychological well-being moderated by physical activity in college-age participants. Previous research suggests physical activity relates to lower stress levels (Nguyen‐Michel, Unger, Hamilton, & Spruijt‐Metz, 2006). Additionally, research has found physical activity is connected with overall well-being and lower levels of mental health issues. The results from an online survey collection (n=291) suggest that physical activity, at least as operationalized in the study, does not moderate the relationship between perceived stress and psychological well-being. However, perceived stress does have a significant relationship with psychological well-being. Also, the motive for physical activity, …
Perceived Subordinate Support (Psubs): Identifying Its Unique Impact On Positive Employee Outcomes, Stephen Elkourie
Perceived Subordinate Support (Psubs): Identifying Its Unique Impact On Positive Employee Outcomes, Stephen Elkourie
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study is a replication and extension of research assessing the positive relationship between Perceived Subordinate Support (PSubS) and positive employee behaviors. We relate those relationships to those of Perceived Organizational Support (POS) and Perceived Supervisor Support (PSS). We also addresses whether PSubS is a unique construct from POS and PSS. We also explored the possibility of a Generalized Perception of Support (GPS) underlying all three support constructs using the bifactor model. Results provide support for a unique PSubS construct, while the existence of an underlying GPS was not supported. The research serves as further construct validation to the …
The Impact Of Team Social Role Performance On Team Cohesion And Team Performance, Graham H. Lowman
The Impact Of Team Social Role Performance On Team Cohesion And Team Performance, Graham H. Lowman
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This study examined the relationships between team social role performance, team cohesion, and team performance. The team social roles examined were those identified by Mumford, Campion, and Morgeson (2006): Cooperator, Communicator, and Calibrator. The Group Environmental Questionnaire (GEQ) developed by Carron, Widmeyer, and Brawley (1985) provided the measure of team cohesion on the individual and group levels. Performance reports from the GLO-BUS business simulation game provided team performance scores. Results indicated that mean team social role performance and the standard deviation of team social role performance are significantly correlated and predictive of team cohesion. In addition, results indicated a non-significant …
Is The Classroom Better? An Introspective Look At E-Learning And Classroom From A Ged Standpoint, Taryn C. Schrader
Is The Classroom Better? An Introspective Look At E-Learning And Classroom From A Ged Standpoint, Taryn C. Schrader
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study examined whether participants assigned to a well-executed e-learning program would show greater improvement in mean test scores pre-post instructional intervention compared to those learning through the traditional classroom method. In the last ten years, many organizations have created e-learning programs with the hopes of enhancing or replacing traditional instructor-led classes (Jones, 2013). However, 41% of American Society of Training and Development’s respondents admitted their organization does not possess metrics to evaluate e-learning’s usefulness (Miller, 2012). One of the major challenges in incorporating and implementing e-learning programs is the ability to measure its use and effectiveness (Miller, 2012). …
The Moderating Influence Of Personality On Combat Veterans Transitioning Into Civilian College Life, Jason L. Davis
The Moderating Influence Of Personality On Combat Veterans Transitioning Into Civilian College Life, Jason L. Davis
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Combat veterans returning to a civilian lifestyle are assisted in many ways during their transition. These services are not only demonstrations of patriotic support, but are typically intended to aid veterans with their transition. The transition for combat veterans is, in many ways, completely different from what most of us will ever experience. Several factors may influence the overall success of this transition for veterans. This study examined the relationship between veterans’ combat experiences and their transition into civilian college life. The constructs of transition were defined by grade point average (GPA) and current well-being. The influence of certain personality …
Exploring The Use Of Non-Cognitive Factors In Predicting College Academic Outcomes, Ashley D. Cooper
Exploring The Use Of Non-Cognitive Factors In Predicting College Academic Outcomes, Ashley D. Cooper
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study evaluated the incremental utility of a blended model of cognitive and non-cognitive variables versus a cognitive-only set of variables to predict academic success among new college students. Traditional cognitive predictors include high school grade point average and ACT scores. The non-cognitive factors of interest were grit, goal orientation, and academic self-efficacy. It was hypothesized that the blended model would demonstrate stronger predictive validity than cognitive predictors alone, grit would be associated with goal orientations and academic self-efficacy, and that academic self-efficacy would mediate the relationship between other non-cognitive predictors and academic success outcomes. The results from archival …
Cognitive Ability And Computer Simulation, Charles C. Buford
Cognitive Ability And Computer Simulation, Charles C. Buford
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
General Mental Ability (GMA) is the single strongest predictor of future work performance currently available. Tests of GMA used for selection purposes carry potential for adverse impact if used as a primary tool for employee selection; however, a factor of GMA known as Fluid Intelligence (Gf) should represent a more equitable assessment construct. Computer simulations appear to offer some beneficial attributes for selection purposes, but potential negative effects of GMA assessment may carry over to the new medium. In this study, I successfully used a computer simulated game to approximate two tests of Gf with a study of both pilot …
Examination Of Personality Characteristics Among Cybersecurity And Information Technology Professionals, Sarah E. Freed
Examination Of Personality Characteristics Among Cybersecurity And Information Technology Professionals, Sarah E. Freed
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
An influx of cyber-attacks throughout the past decade has resulted in an increase in demand for cybersecurity professionals. However, the rapid growth of this field has led to a general lack of knowledge regarding the characteristics of individuals and job roles of cybersecurity professionals. This study addresses this gap in the existing literature by evaluating personality characteristics among information technology and cybersecurity professionals. Following an analysis of the facets of the IPIP NEO short form, it was discovered that cybersecurity professionals scored significantly different on Trust, Intellect, Vulnerability, Self-Consciousness, Assertiveness, and Adventurousness when compared to other information technology professional indicating …
The Effect Of Value Congruence On Work Related Attitudes And Behaviors, Wing Man Leung
The Effect Of Value Congruence On Work Related Attitudes And Behaviors, Wing Man Leung
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Research has demonstrated that value congruence has the potential to influence work-related outcomes such as turnover intention (Amos & Weathington, 2008). However, few studies have evaluated the variables that may mediate the relationship between value congruence and work outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on the relationship between work value congruence and employee behaviors. An advertisement was placed on social networking websites to invite individuals to complete the questionnaire. The results revealed that job satisfaction and normative commitment mediated the relationship between work value congruence and turnover intention. …
Personal Factors That Influence Meaning And Prioritizatin In Work-Nonwork Roles, Lindsay Ware Benitez
Personal Factors That Influence Meaning And Prioritizatin In Work-Nonwork Roles, Lindsay Ware Benitez
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The importance an individual places on one role over another is captured by a person’s identity salience, which can affect how work and nonwork roles are viewed and how one allocates time and resources to these roles. Within the literature there is a need to further understand what personal factors may influence the development of a person’s identity salience and ultimately contribute to the choices people make surrounding work and nonwork domains. The present study was designed to assess the impact of four higher order values that contribute to a person’s identity salience. Also examined was the potential impact of …
Competency-Based Versus Task-Based Job Descriptions: Effects On Applicant Attraction, Candace Leann Hawkes
Competency-Based Versus Task-Based Job Descriptions: Effects On Applicant Attraction, Candace Leann Hawkes
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
In order for organizations to attract applicants, they need to ensure they are using attractive recruitment materials. Previous research has failed to examine the effect of varying types of job description formats on applicants’ level of attraction to an organization. This study examined applicants’ attraction to organizations based on competency-based and task-based job descriptions. A total of 258 participants were from a Southeastern university, representing three different majors. The job descriptions were individualized based on academic major. Participants read both competency and task-based job descriptions and rated their attraction to each organization. The Big Five and Love of Learning measures …
A Resource Management Perspective On Work Design, Whitney Lane Huskey
A Resource Management Perspective On Work Design, Whitney Lane Huskey
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Chronic, negative, uninterrupted stress, specifically in the workplace, can lead to a variety of health issues as well as decreased job satisfaction and increased intentions to turnover within an organization. An important part of managing this negative stress is identifying the specific factors that contribute to it. The present study focuses on the negative consequences of occupational stress by identifying the work design characteristics that influence an individual’s perception of resource drain or gain and, ultimately, occupational stress. It is hypothesized that positive task characteristics, knowledge characteristics, social characteristics, and work context associated with the work environment will negatively correlate …
Understanding Organizational Wellness: The Impact Of Perceived Organizational Support, Motivation, And Barriers On The Effectiveness Of Wellness Programs, Aaron Owsley Manier
Understanding Organizational Wellness: The Impact Of Perceived Organizational Support, Motivation, And Barriers On The Effectiveness Of Wellness Programs, Aaron Owsley Manier
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Organizational wellness programs can serve as a powerful tool for organizations to improve the health and well-being of employees. As organizational wellness grows in popularity and implementation, organizations should seek to understand employee perceptions of these programs to maximize their effectiveness and use. The present study examined the effect of perceived organizational support of wellness, core self-evaluation, and motivation/interest for wellness programs on wellness program use and satisfaction. This effect was tested with barriers to use and participative wellness design as possible mediators. Motivation and interest had a strong and direct effect on program use and satisfaction, while both organizational …
Can't We All Just Get Along? The Impact Of Goal Orientation On The Coach-Athlete Relationship And Coach-Athlete Communication, Meredith J. Nordbrock
Can't We All Just Get Along? The Impact Of Goal Orientation On The Coach-Athlete Relationship And Coach-Athlete Communication, Meredith J. Nordbrock
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Research has demonstrated that the coach-athlete relationship is one of the key interpersonal factors that influences outcomes such as performance (Sánchez, Borrás, Leite, Battaglia, & Lorenzo, 2009), satisfaction with performance (Jowett & Don Carolis, 2003), and dropout rates (Fraser-Thomas, Côté, & Deakin, 2008). However, relatively little is known about the factors necessary to achieve and/or maintain a high-quality coach-athlete relationship. Building upon Jowett and Poczwardowski’s (2007) integrated research model, this study of 355 coach-athlete dyads explored how congruence (i.e., similarity, fit) of goal orientation (GO) impacted the quality of the coach-athlete relationship and coach-athlete communication. Specifically, it was hypothesized that …
Challenge And Hinderance Stressor Appraisals, Personal Resources, And Work Engagement Among K-12 Teachers, Isaac Benjamin Thompson
Challenge And Hinderance Stressor Appraisals, Personal Resources, And Work Engagement Among K-12 Teachers, Isaac Benjamin Thompson
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Stress has long been conceptualized as consisting of two factors, eustress, or good stress, and distress, or bad stress (Selye, 1956). The occupational stress literature identifies challenge stressors as those associated with favorable outcomes, and hindrance stressors as those associated with negative outcomes (Cavanaugh, Boswell, Roehling, & Boudreau, 2000). The current study had three objectives: 1) to investigate occupational level stressor appraisal by K-12 teachers, 2) to explore how the perception of the availability of resources influences individual level stressor appraisal, and 3) to test differential outcomes of challenge and hindrance stress. Results indicate that K-12 teachers appraise workload as …
Relationships Among Nursing Burnout, The Big Five Personality Factors, And Overall Self-Concept: The Impact Of Assessing Common Method Variance, Matthew Thomas Ecie
Relationships Among Nursing Burnout, The Big Five Personality Factors, And Overall Self-Concept: The Impact Of Assessing Common Method Variance, Matthew Thomas Ecie
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the extent to which common method variance (CMV) impacted many of the relationships between personality traits and the construct of burnout among registered nurses. It was hypothesized that once CMV was calculated and controlled for, relationships between personality traits and burnout would be weakened. Data were collected from working registered nurses (N = 274) and from BSN student nurses (N = 8). Scales measuring the IPIP Big Five, burnout, hardiness, core self-evaluation, optimism, and stress in general were combined to create a survey questionnaire. Results indicated burnout among nurses was significantly …
The Moderating Role Of Equity Sensitivity On The Optimism And Stress Relationship, James William Dalluge
The Moderating Role Of Equity Sensitivity On The Optimism And Stress Relationship, James William Dalluge
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Research supports optimism as a predictor of how well individuals are able to cope with stress (Chang, Rand, & Strunk, 2007; Riolli & Savicki, 2003). Additionally perceived inequity is considered as a stressor (Taris, Peeters, Le Blanc, Scheurs, & Schaufeli, 2001) and the extent to which individuals perceive inequity is determined by equity sensitivity (Miles, Hatfield, Huseman, 1989). The present research proposes a new framework in which the relationship between optimism and feelings of inequity is moderated by equity sensitivity. The final part of the framework analyzes perceived inequity’s relationship to perceived stress. The results indicated that optimism’s relationship was …