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Articles 1 - 30 of 124
Full-Text Articles in Developmental Psychology
California Community Colleges Child Development Laboratory Schools, Shari Yates
California Community Colleges Child Development Laboratory Schools, Shari Yates
Dissertations
Community colleges in California are the primary source for preparing the early childhood care and education (ECE) workforce. The California child development lab school mission is to prepare ECE practitioners, provide a laboratory where college students can study and research child development/education, and offer a service to children and families. There are many benefits that are derived from laboratory schools but many community college lab schools have been reduced and/or closed over the past three years. The purposes of this Delphi study were (a) to examine the most pressing issues, problems and barriers facing California community colleges child development labs …
The Association Between Trauma Exposure, Maladjustment, And Aggression In Detained Boys, Kelli R. Thompson
The Association Between Trauma Exposure, Maladjustment, And Aggression In Detained Boys, Kelli R. Thompson
LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
Previous research has demonstrated an association between violence exposure and aggression; however, research exploring the association between violence exposure and the forms and functions of aggression is scarce. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between trauma exposure with both reactive and proactive functions of aggression by examining two potential mediators (e.g., psychopathic traits and emotional dysregulation). Participants included 132 male juvenile offenders mandated to treatment in a residential facility (M = 16.78 years old; SD = 1.25). Results indicate emotional dysregulation partially mediated the association between trauma exposure and reactive aggression while controlling for proactive …
Hemispheric Bases For Emotion And Memory, Tad T. Brunyé, Sarah R. Cavanagh, Ruth E. Propper
Hemispheric Bases For Emotion And Memory, Tad T. Brunyé, Sarah R. Cavanagh, Ruth E. Propper
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The goal of this Research Topic was to bring together diverse scientific perspectives on lateralized brain mechanisms underlying emotion, motivation, and memory. The Topic resulted in eight articles, three of which report original research and five of which review and synthesize past research with the aim of developing new hypotheses and theory. A range of international experts with diverse backgrounds, theoretical perspectives, and experimental methods contributed to the Topic. Contributions strongly reflect this diversity, ranging from examining pupil dilation in response to viewing Rembrandt portraits to understanding how caffeine supplementation influences levels of spatial processing. In all cases, the authors …
The Utility Of The Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire In Identifying Stably Peer-Victimized Children, Freddie Aníbal Pastrana Rivera
The Utility Of The Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire In Identifying Stably Peer-Victimized Children, Freddie Aníbal Pastrana Rivera
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
I evaluated the utility of using the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) in identifying stably peer-victimized children. Participants were 676 fourth grade students from 37 classrooms in ten public schools. Stable peer victims were identified as children who met elevated levels of peer victimization at both fall and late spring assessments from at least one source (i.e., self, peer, teacher). Four potential screeners using the OBVQ were evaluated. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify how well a recommended cutoff point from the global item of the OBVQ (i.e., being bullied 2 or 3 times a month) identified stable victims. Additional …
The Phenomenon Of Abstract Cognition Among Scholastic Chess Participants: A Case Study, Brent C. Laws
The Phenomenon Of Abstract Cognition Among Scholastic Chess Participants: A Case Study, Brent C. Laws
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A qualitative investigation was conducted to explore the phenomenon of abstract cognition among a purposive sample of 5 secondary scholastic chess club participants. The case study enabled the researcher to explore the faculties of abstract cognition among students of contrasting skills and abilities in playing chess. The study also allowed for the consideration of potential visual-spatial, logical, academic, social competency and life benefits of chess play. Through analysis of interviews, chess simulations, blindfold chess play, and narration of chess lines and sequences, the investigator was able to extract meaning and code schemata into a holistic understanding of the phenomenon of …
Do Actions Speak Louder Than Knowledge? Action Manipulation, Parental Discourse, And Children’S Mental State Understanding In Pretense, Dawn Melzer, Laura J. Claxton
Do Actions Speak Louder Than Knowledge? Action Manipulation, Parental Discourse, And Children’S Mental State Understanding In Pretense, Dawn Melzer, Laura J. Claxton
Psychology Faculty Publications
Studies on pretense mental state understanding in young children have produced inconsistent findings. These findings could potentially emerge from the confounding influences of action manipulation or the failure to examine possible influences on individual children’s performances. To address these issues, we created a task in which 68 3- and 4-year-olds viewed two actors, side by side, on a monitor. Children were told that one actor was knowledgeable about a specific animal, whereas the other actor was not. The actors performed identical movements that were either related or unrelated to the animal they were mimicking or engaged in different behaviors contradictory …
Enhancing Training Motivation In The Public Sector In South Korea: The Value Of A Contingency Approach, Yong Hyun Kim, Ong, Madeline, Jang Hoon Chung
Enhancing Training Motivation In The Public Sector In South Korea: The Value Of A Contingency Approach, Yong Hyun Kim, Ong, Madeline, Jang Hoon Chung
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Public sector organisations which invest in trainingprogrammes care about their employees’ successful application of learntknowledge and skills in the workplace. The present study finds that leadersupport positively influences public sector employees’ training motivation,specifically the motivation to transfer learnt knowledge and skills to theirjobs. However, this positive relationship is moderated by employees’ priorknowledge of training content. When employees have high levels of priorknowledge of training content, leader support is not a significant influence ontheir motivation to transfer learnt knowledge and skills to their jobs. Thesefindings are derived from a survey of 335 South Korean government officials whorecently participated in a training …
Psychological Mechanisms Underlying Support For Juvenile Sex Offender Registry Laws: Prototypes, Moral Outrage, And Perceived Threat, Margaret C. Stevenson, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Jessica M. Salerno, Tisha R.A. Wiley, Bette L. Bottoms, Katlyn S. Farum
Psychological Mechanisms Underlying Support For Juvenile Sex Offender Registry Laws: Prototypes, Moral Outrage, And Perceived Threat, Margaret C. Stevenson, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Jessica M. Salerno, Tisha R.A. Wiley, Bette L. Bottoms, Katlyn S. Farum
Psychology Faculty Scholarship
We investigated whether and how a juvenile’s history of experiencing sexual abuse affects public perceptions of juvenile sex offenders in a series of 5 studies. When asked about juvenile sex offenders in an abstract manner (Studies 1 and 2), the more participants (community members and undergraduates) believed that a history of being sexually abused as a child causes later sexually abusive behavior, the less likely they were to support sex offender registration for juveniles. Yet when participants considered specific sexual offenses, a juvenile’s history of sexual abuse was not considered to be a mitigating factor. This was true when participants …
Assessing The Effects Of Derived Relational Responding On Intraverbal Use Of Same-Opposite And More Than-Less Than Relations In Children With Autism, Jane P. White
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Relational Frame Theory provides an analysis of verbal behavior involving a focus on the development of relational operants which are seen as a basis for language. From this basis, a framework is provided for establishing relational networks in individuals who lack derived relational ability. Establishment of relational frames may increase the probability of responding relationally to novel instances and use of the specific relational frames during social interactions; therefore, training verbal relations in accordance with an RFT approach may enhance intraverbal responding and facilitate the emergence of untrained responses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the emergence of …
Executive Function And Mental Health In Adopted Children With A History Of Recreational Drug Exposures, Brian J. Piper, Hilary M. Gray, Selena M. Corbett, Melissa A. Birkett, Jacob Raber
Executive Function And Mental Health In Adopted Children With A History Of Recreational Drug Exposures, Brian J. Piper, Hilary M. Gray, Selena M. Corbett, Melissa A. Birkett, Jacob Raber
Psychology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Adoptive children are at increased risk for problematic behaviors but the origin of these individual differences in neurobehavioral function is unclear. This investigation examined whether adopted children with prenatal exposure to a wide variety of recreational drugs exhibited higher scores (i.e. more problems) with executive function and psychiatric symptomology. Caregivers of children ages 5 to 18 completed an online survey with items about use of alcohol, nicotine, or methamphetamine during pregnancy followed by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF, N = 437 including 59 adoptive parents) or the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL, N = 549 including 54 adoptive …
Aggression Exposure To Parental Violence And Resilience As Predictors Of Dating Violence Perpetration In Female College Students, Jessica A. Bodkins-Kite
Aggression Exposure To Parental Violence And Resilience As Predictors Of Dating Violence Perpetration In Female College Students, Jessica A. Bodkins-Kite
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
The purpose of the proposed study was to examine a model of relationship violence that predicts physical dating violence perpetration. The I3 theory states that instigation and impellance are positively related to aggression whereas inhibition is negatively related to aggression, such that an individual is less likely to be aggressive when inhibition is higher than instigation and impellance; however, an individual is more likely to be aggressive when inhibition is lower than instigation and impellance (Finkel, DeWall, Slotter, McNulty, Pond, & Atkins, 2012). Furthermore, individuals who have been exposed to parental violence are more likely to perpetrate dating violence …
Postural Sway In Infants At Low And High Risk For Autism Spectrum Disorder, Rachel C. Harris
Postural Sway In Infants At Low And High Risk For Autism Spectrum Disorder, Rachel C. Harris
Open Access Theses
ABSTRACT Harris, Rachel C. M. S., Purdue University, December 2014. Postural Control in Infants at Low and High Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder. Major Professor: Laura J. Claxton. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder more commonly known for deficits in social and communication skills. More recently, aspects of motor development have been shown to be delayed in children with ASD, including deficits in their postural control abilities. Children with ASD have difficulty integrating information from their sensory systems to help control their balance. Infants at risk for ASD and infants who are later diagnosed with ASD have delays …
Developing A Culture Of Citizenship In Elementary School Classrooms: How Democratic Schools Teach Children About Rules, Rights And Responsibilities, Mindi Reich-Shapiro
Developing A Culture Of Citizenship In Elementary School Classrooms: How Democratic Schools Teach Children About Rules, Rights And Responsibilities, Mindi Reich-Shapiro
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The purpose of this study was to explore development of civic participation in children in primary grade (K-2) classrooms. Young children are accorded neither the rights nor responsibilities of adolescents or adults, nor given many opportunities to participate meaningfully in the decisions that directly impact their lives. The public school classroom is, in a sense, the first opportunity for children to develop a sense of how to participate in a diverse community organized to address the needs of many. As such, it is a microcosm of the larger society within which children are learning to engage as active participants. The …
Work-Life Experiences For People With Mobility Disabilities In New York City, Jessica A. Murray
Work-Life Experiences For People With Mobility Disabilities In New York City, Jessica A. Murray
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Work-family (or work-life) studies aim to measure interactions between the realms of work and home. It is necessary to examine these interactions within a broad context to understand external sources of tension on the work-life dynamic, including environmental, economic, and political factors. Exploratory interviews were conducted with participants of working age with a mobility disability, and when applicable, their significant others. Questions focused on work, home and transportation environments. Using Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, a model of contextual issues was constructed as the basis for an in-depth analysis of work-life issues for people with a mobility disability. Contextual research and …
Conflict And Playmaking: The Impact Of A Recess Enhancement Program On Elementary School Playgrounds In New York City, Elizabeth Lake
Conflict And Playmaking: The Impact Of A Recess Enhancement Program On Elementary School Playgrounds In New York City, Elizabeth Lake
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
As time demands for schooling increase and children's freedom to play is under threat, the question of how play during school recess can best be designed to serve children has grown in importance. This research examines whether a peer-training program can influence children's activity choices and social behaviors and reduce conflict on elementary school playgrounds during recess and what aspects of such a peer-training program are important to this goal. Three general recess issues are considered: conflict, activity level and choice, and gender inclusion. The data was collected as part of a Recess Enhancement Program in a select group of …
The Effects Of Primary And Secondary Assortative Mating For Alcohol Misuse On Relationship Satisfaction Alcohol Use And Alcohol Consequences, Michelle Katherine Holt Crewe
The Effects Of Primary And Secondary Assortative Mating For Alcohol Misuse On Relationship Satisfaction Alcohol Use And Alcohol Consequences, Michelle Katherine Holt Crewe
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
This study examined undergraduate, emerging-adult men and women between the ages of 18 and 30 and their dating partners. The AUDIT (Babor, Higgens-Biddle, Saunders, & Monteiro, 2001) was used to assess their own and their partners' reports of hazardous alcohol misuse. Four types of couples were identified: alcohol misusing participants with alcohol misusing partners (i.e., alcohol concordant couples), alcohol misusing female participants with a non-alcohol misusing partner, alcohol misusing male participants with an non-alcohol misusing partner and non-alcohol misusing women and men (i.e., non misuse concordant couples). Participants and their relationship partners were also assessed for their status as an …
Breadth Of Emotion Vocabulary In Middle Schoolers, Marina Ebert, Zorana Ivcevic, Sherri S. Widen, Lance Linke, Marc Brackett
Breadth Of Emotion Vocabulary In Middle Schoolers, Marina Ebert, Zorana Ivcevic, Sherri S. Widen, Lance Linke, Marc Brackett
Yale Day of Data
How many different emotion words can middle schoolers think of to describe major categories of emotional experiences? While most existing ability tests of emotion understanding and vocabulary are based on word recognition, the goal of this study was to assess prompted emotion word generation. Students in 5th-8th grades (N=236) were asked to list all feeling words they can think of to describe five major emotion groups (happiness, calm, sadness, anger and nervousness). They also completed an ability measure of emotion understanding, the Mayer, Salovey, Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test – Youth Version (MSCEIT-YV). When asked to generate emotion …
The Paradox Of Commercial Photography: Power And Sexuality In Models, Christina Bell
The Paradox Of Commercial Photography: Power And Sexuality In Models, Christina Bell
e-Research: A Journal of Undergraduate Work
Commercial photography has a tendency to force upon us a standard template of what the ideal person is or looks like. Unfortunately, the artificial standard is horribly unachievable and detrimental to physical and mental health, which produces sentiments of insufficiency and abjection with the self, especially among young impressionable girls. In a sick - and very modern - twist of evolutionary progress we find ourselves idealizing the depictions of models appearing to be on the verge of starvation. This article examines the power and sexuality in models produced through commercial photography and its effects on society at-large.
Developmental Trajectories Of Physical Aggression And Nonaggressive Rule-Breaking Among At-Risk Males And Females During Late Childhood And Early Adolescence, Eugena Givens
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Criminological, psychological, and developmental researchers have relentlessly explored behavioral characteristics and juvenile justice outcomes in an effort to establish the most appropriate means of analyzing childhood and adolescent problem behaviors. Cross-discipline, empirical evidence and factor analytic research has consistently identified the presence of two predictive concepts, physical aggression and nonaggressive rule-breaking. Research pertaining to the risk factors and correlates of these two distinct substructures of offending align with theoretically postulated typologies of delinquency and offending as well as the frequently cited patterns of delinquency and offending within reviews of longitudinal research. Using longitudinal data from a sample of 756 at-risk, …
The Basis Of Self And Other In Gender Constructed Identity, Julie L. Lemley
The Basis Of Self And Other In Gender Constructed Identity, Julie L. Lemley
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato
This paper is an extension of previous research projects wherein I applied theories of identity and labeling (Garfinkle), power (French and Raven) and gender (Pearson, West and Turner) to adolescent girls’ identity construction. Using methods of textual criticism, I argued then that the advertising targeting adolescent girls at the crucial transitional period between child identity and adult identity was dominated by patriarchal imagery, the implications of which are sexual violence, low-self esteem and self-objectification by young women. This paper applies the same methodology but to identity formation of adolescent boys, arguing on the basis of Hegel’s master-slave dialectic that adolescent …
The Effects Of Divorce And Its Associated Stressors On Children And Adolescents, Aaron Brownlee
The Effects Of Divorce And Its Associated Stressors On Children And Adolescents, Aaron Brownlee
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato
Four factors were looked at to determine how children of divorce are affected by their parents divorce. The Family Environment Scale (FES) assessed family environment, Social Support Scale for children (SSSC) assessed social support, and the Life Events Checklist (LEC) assessed appraisal of the stressors shown to co-occur with divorce. The Behavioral Assessment Scale for Children, second edition (BASC-2; parent and self-reports) measured the criterion of this study, behavioral and emotional functioning. The sample consisted of 91 children and their parents from the Mankato area public schools. Hierarchical multiple regressions indicated a main effect of the appraisal of co-occurring stressors …
Affective And Cognitive Empathy Deficits Distinguish Primary And Secondary Variants Of Callous-Unemotional Youth, Rachel E. Kahn
Affective And Cognitive Empathy Deficits Distinguish Primary And Secondary Variants Of Callous-Unemotional Youth, Rachel E. Kahn
LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
The current study examined whether a sample of detained male adolescents (n = 107; Mean age = 15.50; SD = 1.30) could be disaggregated into two distinct groups, consistent with past research on primary and secondary variants of callous-unemotional (CU) traits in adolescents. This study also sought to determine a possible explanation for the CU traits among youth in the secondary variant by examining whether they differ from primary variants on measures of cognitive and affective empathy. Using Latent Profile Analyses, two groups of adolescents high on CU traits were identified, a large group (n = 30) high …
Does Parenting Style Moderate The Association Between Parental Monitoring And Adolescent Problem Behavior?, Laura Lafleur
Does Parenting Style Moderate The Association Between Parental Monitoring And Adolescent Problem Behavior?, Laura Lafleur
LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to test whether parenting style as conceptualized through Self-Determination Theory (SDT) moderates the association between parental monitoring and adolescent problem behavior. Self-reported data from adolescents (n = 242; 49.2% male; M age = 15.4 years) and their parents (n = 276; 70% mothers) were used in the study. Results showed that monitoring through questions, but not through rules, was significantly associated with behavior problems. Adolescent-reported monitoring through questions, but not parent-reported, was linked to less problem behavior. Also, parental autonomy support and involvement were linked to less problem behavior. Results showed that …
The Structure Of Child And Adolescent Aggression: Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of A Brief Peer Conflict Scale, Justin Russell
The Structure Of Child And Adolescent Aggression: Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of A Brief Peer Conflict Scale, Justin Russell
LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
The importance of simultaneous consideration of forms and functions in youth measures of aggressive behavior is well established. Competing models have presented these highly interrelated constructs as either independent (e.g., reactive or overt) or paired factors (e.g., reactive and overt). The current study examines these models in the context of assessing the viability of a new self-report measure, the Peer Conflict Scale – 20 Item Version. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on PCS 20 responses from 1,048 school-age youth living in the Gulf Coast region. Both models significantly improved upon one or two-factor alternatives, and demonstrated partial invariance across gender …
A Micro-Level Analysis Of Behavioral Dynamics In Parent-Child Synchrony, Kadie L. Ausherman
A Micro-Level Analysis Of Behavioral Dynamics In Parent-Child Synchrony, Kadie L. Ausherman
College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This study investigates parent-child synchrony, a multilevel construct that has not been operationalized in a precise or standardized way. Synchrony is frequently discussed theoretically, yet there still lacks a clear means of measuring it, even on the behavioral level. When parent-child synchrony is operationalized in a study, it is rarely analyzed in such a way that reflects the dyadic dynamics that unfold as the parent and child are interacting. The aim of this study is to operationalize parent-child synchrony in terms of the dyadic behavior patterns. An overview of the current literature with regard to synchrony as a multilevel construct …
The Effect Of Yoga Lessons On Young Children's Executive Functioning, Heidi L. Beattie
The Effect Of Yoga Lessons On Young Children's Executive Functioning, Heidi L. Beattie
Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Individual differences in preschool and school-aged children’s attention, inhibition and spatial working memory were examined after exposure to a yoga intervention. Previous research has found that exposure to yoga has improved attention in both adults and children. Previous research, however, is limited in regards to examining this relationship in a preschool-aged population. The purpose of the current study is to examine and compare the relationship between preschool-aged as well as school-aged children’s attention, inhibition, and spatial working memory abilities for children who participated in a yoga intervention and children who do not participate in a yoga intervention. Twenty-six 4 to …
Effects Of Parental Modeling On The Development Of Panic-Relevant Escape And Avoidance Among Adolescents: An Experimental Study Using A Biological Challenge Procedure, Liviu Bunaciu
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Escape and avoidance behaviors play a prominent role in the maintenance of panic-spectrum difficulties and may also be implicated in the development of such problems. Although the current state of the literature regarding the etiology of these emotion-regulation strategies is relatively underdeveloped, it appears that learning experiences involving parental modeling of such behaviors may be instrumental in the development of panic-relevant escape and avoidance. Given that no tests of such a conceptualization exist at this time, the current study proposed an initial experimental examination of whether parental modeling of defensive reactivity during a well-established biological challenge could impact panic-relevant escape …
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Lesions Alter Neural And Physiological Correlates Of Anticipation, Julian Motzkin, Carissa Philippi, Richard Wolf, Mustafa Baskaya, Michael Koenigs
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Lesions Alter Neural And Physiological Correlates Of Anticipation, Julian Motzkin, Carissa Philippi, Richard Wolf, Mustafa Baskaya, Michael Koenigs
Psychology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Executive Control In Hispanic Children: Considering Linguistic And Sociocultural Factors, Miriam M. Martinez
Executive Control In Hispanic Children: Considering Linguistic And Sociocultural Factors, Miriam M. Martinez
Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Executive control represents a collection of high-order cognitive processes that are associated with important child outcomes, including academic achievement and social competencies. Despite the burgeoning interest in examining the development of executive control, less is known about the development of these skills among ethnic minority children. Hispanic children are currently the largest ethnic minority group in the United States and their diverse sociocultural and linguistic backgrounds provide an excellent context to study the influence of linguistic and sociocultural factors on the development of child executive control. The purpose of the three complementary studies reported in this dissertation is to contribute …
Preschoolers’ Physical, Social, And Engineering Play Behaviors: Differences In Gender And Play Environment, Zachary S. Gold
Preschoolers’ Physical, Social, And Engineering Play Behaviors: Differences In Gender And Play Environment, Zachary S. Gold
Open Access Theses
This study explored gender differences in the occurrence of 66 preschoolers' (ages 3-to-5; 29 girls, 37 boys) physical, social, and "engineering thinking play" behaviors across three play environments: the traditional playground, the dramatic play area, and an environment in which children played with large, manipulable, loose parts. Previous research has indicated that young children are not engaging in enough physical play to maintain healthy lifestyles. Play may also have benefits for social competency and cognitive development. Observations of children's engagement with a new and engaging play material, Imagination Playground TM blocks, which are designed to foster imaginative and creative constructive …