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Full-Text Articles in Developmental Psychology

Athletic Participation Among Students And Its Correlation To Increased Outcomes In Academic Performance, Benjamin Carl Anderson Dec 2025

Athletic Participation Among Students And Its Correlation To Increased Outcomes In Academic Performance, Benjamin Carl Anderson

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This quantitative study investigated the correlation between student participation in athletic-based extracurricular activities and academic performance among high school students in rural Indiana. The research sought to determine whether athletic involvement contributes to academic success indicators such as PSAT and SAT scores, and school attendance. The study looked at how athletics can serve as a lever for improving academic outcomes and supporting students in meeting the criteria for postsecondary readiness. Key research questions explored the influence of gender, ethnicity, grade level, and attendance on academic performance within the subset of students participating in athletics. A review of the literature supported …

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Comparing Profiles Of Impairment Among Children With Dmdd, Adhd, And Odd, Joanna Christmas Dec 2025

Comparing Profiles Of Impairment Among Children With Dmdd, Adhd, And Odd, Joanna Christmas

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Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) has a high comorbidity rate with ADHD (Bruno et al., 2019), meaning that many children referred for ADHD evaluation may also meet criteria for DMDD. Additionally, the two disorders can have some similarity in how they present. Thus, clinicians who frequently assess children for ADHD could benefit from being aware of how measures commonly used in ADHD evaluations can also be useful in identifying characteristics of DMDD as well as patterns of impairment more specific to DMDD. The present study explored possible differences in parent and teacher ratings of child peer impairment as well as …

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The Influence Of High Iq On Adhd Symptom Presentation And Outcomes In Children, David A. Lee Aug 2025

The Influence Of High Iq On Adhd Symptom Presentation And Outcomes In Children, David A. Lee

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Research suggests that a high intelligence quotient (IQ) may contribute to the underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children. High IQ may allow children to compensate for executive functioning-related deficits inherent in ADHD and/or may influence behaviors such as high activity level or not following rules that mimic ADHD symptoms. To gain a better understanding of the relationship between IQ and ADHD, the present study aimed to investigate how high IQ impacts symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity as well as outcomes related to academic performance, emotional regulation, and peer relationships in children. The study utilized archival data from …

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Caregiver Perceptions, Knowledge, And Likelihood To Intervene With Suicidal Youth, Amber L. Willwerth Aug 2025

Caregiver Perceptions, Knowledge, And Likelihood To Intervene With Suicidal Youth, Amber L. Willwerth

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This study utilized an online survey to target primary caregivers of a child aged 5-18. The survey highlighted factors regarding caregiver involvement in suicide prevention efforts, such as their knowledge, comfort and confidence intervening with a youth experiencing suicidality, and barriers to doing so. It was found that caregivers who had experienced suicide prevention training reported higher levels of comfort and confidence intervening with their own child and another child than those who had not, as well as lower levels of worry. Higher levels of education were also found to predict lower levels of worry, suggesting that further training and …

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Gender As A Predictor Of Parent-Teacher Discrepancies In Child Adhd Evaluations: Consideration Of Gender Bias, Kaitlyn M. Saunders Aug 2024

Gender As A Predictor Of Parent-Teacher Discrepancies In Child Adhd Evaluations: Consideration Of Gender Bias, Kaitlyn M. Saunders

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This study aimed to advance the current literature on the relationship between informant (parent and teacher) perceptions of ADHD symptoms (hyperactivity, inattention) and gender, considering possible gender bias. Previous research demonstrates that there are consistent differences in the prevalence of ADHD between boys and girls in childhood, between girls in childhood versus adult women, and in the sex-ratio between community versus clinical samples. The current literature is mixed regarding what is causing these discrepancies in prevalence of ADHD, particularly about whether gender bias is a contributing factor. Data was collected from parents and teachers of 116 children (50% male; 50% …

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Relationship Between Parenting Emotion Regulation, Parenting Style, And Child Emotion Regulation, Sydney R. Ward Aug 2024

Relationship Between Parenting Emotion Regulation, Parenting Style, And Child Emotion Regulation, Sydney R. Ward

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This study aimed to contribute to the existing literature by investigating parenting factors that contribute to child emotional regulation (ER). Prior research suggests that while emotion dysregulation is not part of current diagnostic criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), children with ADHD often exhibit greater emotion regulation (ER) difficulties compared to their neurotypical peers. Research focused on parenting has found that parent’s ability to manage their emotions within a parenting context (parenting ER) as well as parenting styles (either positive or negative) are associated with child emotional regulation skills. However, previous research has not considered the influence of both …

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The Role Of The Principal In Leading School Improvement, Marilyn Jane Sudsberry May 2008

The Role Of The Principal In Leading School Improvement, Marilyn Jane Sudsberry

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The purposes of this study were to 1) determine the role the principal plays in leading school improvement, and 2) examine the relationship between change implemented and student achievement. Three high-performing, high-needs Title l schools and four low-performing, high-needs Title I schools were identified through lndimm Department of Education data. The high-performing schools met Adequate Yearly Progress in 2006, whereas the low-performing schools did not and were in at least year two of the school improvement cycle. Structured interviews were conducted with the principal and with teams of teachers. The interviews, along with field observations and analysis of the school …

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Teaching Children With Autism Imitation Skills As Means To Increase Communication, Chad J. Ryan Aug 2007

Teaching Children With Autism Imitation Skills As Means To Increase Communication, Chad J. Ryan

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It has been well documented that many children with autism, especially nonverbal children, exhibit imitation deficits that impact their abilily lo develop effective communication skills. Applied Behavior Analysis has been shown to be an effective strategy for teaching many skills to children with autism und other disabilities. However, with regard to imitation training, there is limited research on effeclive strategics to develop these skills. This paper provides an analysis of the apparent imitation deficit for many children with autism. It includes what the specific imitation deficits are for children with autism and how these deficits are different compared to children …

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Social Influence Effects On Romantic Relationships Of College Students, Christine Mary Banach Aug 2007

Social Influence Effects On Romantic Relationships Of College Students, Christine Mary Banach

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Social influence is defined as "the influences that people have upon the beliefs and behavior of others" (Aronson, 2004, p. 5). A theoretical model that highlights the importance of social influence pressures and in particular, variability in response to these pressures is known as social identity theory. Social identity is defined as "that part of an individual's self-concept which derives from knowledge of membership of a social group (or groups) together with the value and emotional significance attached to that membership" (Harris & Cameron, 2005, p. 159). The current study explored the potential importance of social groups, especially peers, on …

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Attachment Style And Relationship Predictors Of Adult Children's Responsive Caregiving To Dependent Parents, Brent T. Tucker Aug 2005

Attachment Style And Relationship Predictors Of Adult Children's Responsive Caregiving To Dependent Parents, Brent T. Tucker

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The purpose of this study was to examine whether anxious attachment, avoidant attachment, relationship closeness, and trust in the relationship predict adult children caregivers' (ACC) level of responsiveness to their dependent parents. Eighty-four adult children who provide support for a dependent parent were included in this study. Furthermore, correlations of avoidant attachment style with responsive caregiving and anxiety attachment style with responsive caregiving were investigated. A multiple regression was conducted and it was found that anxious attachment, trust, and relationship closeness stastically predicted responsive caregiving of ACCs caring for dependent parents [R2 = .26, F (3, 80) = 9.47, p < .001]. This linear combination of variables accounted for 26% of the variance in responsive caregiving. A voidant attachment was not found to predict responsive caregiving. There were no significant bivariate correlations found between anxious attachment and responsive caregiving or between avoidant attachment and responsive caregiving.

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Parental Influence On Children's Ethnic Identity Among Chinese Americans, Sham'ah Md. Yunus Aug 2005

Parental Influence On Children's Ethnic Identity Among Chinese Americans, Sham'ah Md. Yunus

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This study examined the influence of Chinese American parents on their children's ethnic identity. Two research questions were designed to examine these relationships: Does the personal construct of Chinese American parents influence their children's ethnic identity and does the length of stay in the United States of Chinese American parents influence children's ethnic identity? Parental influence was identified as parents' ethnic behaviors, parents' ethnic values, parents' personal construct, and their length of stay in the United States. The 93 families who participated in this study were purposely selected from three Chinese language schools from a Midwestern city of the United …

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A Comparison Study Between Writing On Handheld Computers And Pencil-Paper In The Elementary Classroom, Ling-Chin Ko Aug 2005

A Comparison Study Between Writing On Handheld Computers And Pencil-Paper In The Elementary Classroom, Ling-Chin Ko

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The purpose of this study was to compare the difference in writing effort associated with two methods, pencil and paper and handheld computers in the third grade classroom. The methods were compared in terms of the quality of the stories written, and the length of the stories in number of words, and time on task during writing of the stories. Three hypotheses were defined to identify the effect of writing efforts associated with the two methods, two classes and the effect on the interaction between the methods and the class. All three hypotheses were analyzed with a two-way MANOVA test. …

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Effectiveness Of Male Special Education Placements In A Residential Program, Joanne Virginia Collins May 2005

Effectiveness Of Male Special Education Placements In A Residential Program, Joanne Virginia Collins

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the academic and behavioral progress of male special education students in a residential program and determine whether decisions to place them in the program were justified. A comparison of students' archival data that consisted of pre and post assessments for academic adjustment and behavioral adjustment was the method chosen to accomplish this purpose. Eighty students between the ages of 8 years and 1 7 years were selected from an Indiana residential facility for males. They were classified as either residential or day treatment students. Their archival data was collected from assessments that …

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Adolescents' Self-Concepts Attending School In A Residential Setting For The Gifted, Teresa Garrett Baker May 2005

Adolescents' Self-Concepts Attending School In A Residential Setting For The Gifted, Teresa Garrett Baker

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The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between academic selfconcept and academic achievement of gifted students in a residential setting. Adolescence can prove to be a difficult journey for many students and particularly gifted students. To explore the concept of "self' at a multidimensional level the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents ([SPPA], Harter, 1988) was the instrument selected to examine the respondents' perceived competency in specific domains. Harter developed the SPPA as an upward extension of the Self-Perception for Children questionnaire (Harter, 1986). The purpose of the development of this earlier measure was to have an instrument that …

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The Reliability And Validity Of The Behavior Assessment System For Children In A Rural Setting, Melvin Lee Titus Aug 2004

The Reliability And Validity Of The Behavior Assessment System For Children In A Rural Setting, Melvin Lee Titus

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The Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC) is a behavior rating scale for children from the ages of two and one-half to eighteen-years-old. The BASC original standardization was not representative of 4- to 6-years-old children, particularly in the rural Midwest. The standardization also did not adequately sample children with speech/language impairments. The present study assessed the BASC's reliability and validity (construct and criterion) in comparison to a current BASC, Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Conners' Teacher Rating Scale (CTRS) sample. The current BASC study used a sample of rural, 4- to 6-year-old normally-developing children and children with speech/language …

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The Effect Of Background Information On The Identity Formation And Self-Concept Of Adoptees, Molly Susan Dye Dec 2002

The Effect Of Background Information On The Identity Formation And Self-Concept Of Adoptees, Molly Susan Dye

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Adoptees are over represented in clinical populations. Issues of self-concept, identity formation and the search for background history may be of particular relevance to adoptee clients and could be addressed as a focus of treatment. This study attempted to assess if lack of knowledge about background information is related to poorer selfconcepts and increased difficulty with identity formation in adoptees. Adults (N=299) who were adopted prior to 6 months of age were recruited from adoption related sites on the Internet. Measures of self-concept, identity formation and adoption related factors were completed on a web page designed for this study. Results …

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The Validity Of The Behavior Dimensions Scale In The Diagnosis Of Adhd In A Clinic-Referred Sample, Paul A. White Dec 2002

The Validity Of The Behavior Dimensions Scale In The Diagnosis Of Adhd In A Clinic-Referred Sample, Paul A. White

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of the Behavior Dimensions Scale (BDS; McCamey, 1995a; 1995b) in the diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Forty-eight children, ages 6 to 11 years old, referred to a university-based psychology clinic for evaluation of ADHD, were participants in the study. Parents and teachers of children completed the parent and teacher rating forms of the BDS as well as the Achenbach parent and teacher rating forms (Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL] and Teacher's Report Form [TRF]; Achenbach, 1991a; 1991b) as part of a larger assessment battery. Results suggest that the ADHD …

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Traditional And Nontraditional Foster Parenting, Angela M. Baranzelli-Yoder Aug 2002

Traditional And Nontraditional Foster Parenting, Angela M. Baranzelli-Yoder

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Foster parents in nontraditional foster care programs receive more extensive, ongoing training and support than foster parents in traditional foster care programs. This study examined whether differences exist in the levels of perceived parenting stress, satisfaction, and efficacy among traditional and nontraditional foster parents. Twenty-four foster parents completed the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and the Parenting Sense of Competence scale (PSOC). Nontraditional foster parents reported higher levels of overall parenting stress and lower levels of foster parent role satisfaction than did traditional foster parents. However, response profiles indicated that nontraditional foster parents had children with more emotional and behavioral problems …

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More Than Just Imaginative: A Qualitative Study Of Values In Literature For Young Children From The 20th Century, Anna L. Cates May 2002

More Than Just Imaginative: A Qualitative Study Of Values In Literature For Young Children From The 20th Century, Anna L. Cates

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This dissertation endeavors to address the issue of proper methodology for character education. Although character education enjoys wide support among teachers, parents, and society at large, the proper manner with which to accomplish this educational objective continues to be debated. Literature-based approaches to character education are among the most popular means of presenting values to students. This popularity has prompted scholars to closely scrutinize the value patterns in literature for young people. In part, the resulting studies have aimed to ascertain the worthiness of literature itself as a medium for introducing discussion about values and related issues. The method used …

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Self-Concept And Behavior: Changes As A Result Of Participation In Outward Bound, Douglas Vail Campbell May 2002

Self-Concept And Behavior: Changes As A Result Of Participation In Outward Bound, Douglas Vail Campbell

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Self-concept is an area of psychology that has received a large amount of attention in recent years. The idea of self-concept subsumes a number of related concepts including identity, self-esteem, and perceived self-efficacy. The clinical implications of self-concept disturbance and possible methods of altering self-concept are discussed. The current study was designed to evaluate several hypotheses about the way in which selfconcept may be changed by investigating the potential impact of Outward Bound on its individual participants. The present study examined the effect of the Outward Bound program, a wilderness educational program, on the self-concept and behavior of a group …

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The Music Channel: Integrating The Harp Into The Communication Process Of Children With Autism, Lori A. Kissinger Aug 2001

The Music Channel: Integrating The Harp Into The Communication Process Of Children With Autism, Lori A. Kissinger

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The present study was undertaken to determine if the harp could be used as a communication channel for children with autism. The two research questions guiding this study were: (1) Will a child with autism utilize the harp to try to communicate a message? And (2) if the harp is utilized by a child with autism as a communication channel, can the receiver decode the intended message? Two qualitative case studies using constant comparison analysis were conducted over a six-day observation period. Five predominant responses emerged: (1) initial reaction to the instrument, (2) bonding with the instrument, (3) socialization through …

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Peer Support As A Protective Factor In The Impact Of War On Adolescents In Lebanon, Nadine S. Fakhran Aug 2000

Peer Support As A Protective Factor In The Impact Of War On Adolescents In Lebanon, Nadine S. Fakhran

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Children exposed to situations of war have been shown to develop behavioral as well as psychological difficulties. Researchers have observed, however, that not all children manifest these difficulties in reaction to war situations. Therefore, scientists have attempted to look at resilient children, investigating protective and vulnerability factors in the child's environment. One such protective factor is social support. Although there have been several studies on social support, those studies have tended to focus on family support. There seems to be a void in the literature on the effects of peer support on post-traumatic stress reactions in children. The present study …

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Personality Disorders In Mothers Of Children With An Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, Dennis E. Bowman Jr. Dec 1993

Personality Disorders In Mothers Of Children With An Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, Dennis E. Bowman Jr.

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This investigation examined the presence of personality disorders in the mothers of children with an Attention- Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). This was accomplished by examining 60 male subjects ages 6 to 12. The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II (MCMI-II) was administered to 20 mothers of children with ADHD, 20 mothers of children with ADHD and CD and a matched comparison group who did not meet the criteria for ADHD or CD. Repeated analysis of variance (ANOVAS) and Chi Square analyses were calculated on each MCMI-II scale and the Duncan's multiple range test was utilized to determine statistical significance. Data analyses revealed …

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Gender Differences Among Resilient Children, Cameron Gilbert Aug 1993

Gender Differences Among Resilient Children, Cameron Gilbert

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While the concept of resiliency is beginning to be addressed in the literature, little is known about gender differences among resilient children. The purpose of this study was to identify familial and environmental variables which would predict gender among resilient children. This study investigated gender differences between resilient boys and girls on the following variables: parental attitude toward education, educational level of the father, educational level of the mother, familial drug or alcohol use/abuse, incidence of physical and/or sexual abuse, and extracurricular activities. These variables were selected for study because of the importance of investigating factors in the family environment …

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A Study Investigating The Cognitive Variables Involved In Adolescent Use Of Alcohol, William E. Fahey Dec 1992

A Study Investigating The Cognitive Variables Involved In Adolescent Use Of Alcohol, William E. Fahey

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This study investigated the relationship of adolescents• level of alcohol use to various cognitive and contextual variables. The cognitive variables of concern included (a) alcohol knowledge, (b) generation of alternatives thinking, (c) means-ends thinking, and (d) selfefficacy. The contextual variables were specific factors associated with most recent alcohol use experiences. The sample consisted of 113 high school sophomores from two separate high schools located within a rural county in the upper Midwest. Subjects were separated into three groups (Nonusers, Occasional Users, and Heavy Users) based on their self-reported level of alcohol use in the past month. Subjects completed various questionnaires …

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Gender And Age Differences In Self-Generated Coping Strategies For Depression, Joan R. Hudson Dec 1992

Gender And Age Differences In Self-Generated Coping Strategies For Depression, Joan R. Hudson

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This study examined coping strategies generated by a community sample of 527 adult men and women in response to three vignettes that described various presentations of depression. Analyses revealed quantitative differences by vignette and by subject variables. Results indicated that women gave more coping strategies than men. Social support was the most frequently suggested method of coping, and younger subjects mentioned it significantly more than older adults. Younger subjects also suggested ~ore inactive coping strategies in general. situational context was a strong determinant of type of strategy suggested, although beliefs about depression also influenced coping strategies. Results of multiple regression …

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Family Dynamic Variables And Continuity Of Psychosocial Adjustment From Childhood To Late Adolescence And Early Adulthood, Soheila Dehlavi May 1990

Family Dynamic Variables And Continuity Of Psychosocial Adjustment From Childhood To Late Adolescence And Early Adulthood, Soheila Dehlavi

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This study investigates whether the configuration of family dynamic variables modifies the impact of childhood problems on psychosocial adjustment in late adolescence and early adulthood. Based on the Schwarz and Getter (1980) triple-interaction model, the major hypothesis was that the conjoint effects of a history of adjustment problems in childhood, a dominant cross-sex parent, and high interparental conflict would predict greater problems in later psychosocial adjustment than a history of better adjustment in childhood and/or a family dynamic configuration less likely to elicit sex-role and gender-identity conflicts. Subjects were 61 male and 96 female college students from the University of …

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A Validation Study Of The Grimley Personality Scale For Children, Hee-Sook Choi Dec 1989

A Validation Study Of The Grimley Personality Scale For Children, Hee-Sook Choi

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I'he purpose of this study was to examine the construct validity of the Grimley Personality Scale for Children (GPSC). The GPSC is an experimental personality test designed to measure the social/personal adjustment of a child in various social contacts. The validity of the GPSC was investigated through the association of this instrument with other measures of social/personal adjustment: the California Test of Personality (CTP), the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSCS), the Paired Hands Test (PHT), and the Personal Attribute Inventory for Children (PAIC) . It was hypothesized that there would be significant positive relationships between the total score on the …

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Comparisons Of Adolescent Sex Offenders And Juvenile Delinquents On Human Figure Drawings And The Adolescent Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Paula F. Zindren Aug 1989

Comparisons Of Adolescent Sex Offenders And Juvenile Delinquents On Human Figure Drawings And The Adolescent Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Paula F. Zindren

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of two personality tests, the human figure drawing (HFD) and Adolescent Multiphasic Personality Inventory (AMPI), in differentiating adolescent sex offenders from juvenile delinquents without a known sexual offense or victimization history. Subjects (ages 13-17) provided responses to a Structured Clinical Interview (SCI} (adapted from Becker, 1986), completed HFDs of both sexes, and completed the AMPI (Duthie, 1985). Pearson product moment correlation coefficients on each psychodiagnostic characteristic on the HFD rating scale were obtained between pairs of three independent raters. Reliable HFD psychodiagnostic indicators were subjected to a 2 x 2 …

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Moral Development, Socioeconomic Status, And Family Intactness: Status Offenders Versus Criminal Offenders, Michael A. Glynn Dec 1986

Moral Development, Socioeconomic Status, And Family Intactness: Status Offenders Versus Criminal Offenders, Michael A. Glynn

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This study examined the possible differences between the two legally defined groups of juvenile delinquents (status offenders and criminal offenders) on the variables of moral development, socioeconomic status, and family intactness. Moral development was measured using Gibbs' Sociomoral Reflection Measure. Socioeconomic status was determined by the subject's parent's ranking on Nam's Occupational Status Score Index, and family intactness or non-intactness was determined from an examination of court records. The subjects were 106 males between the ages of 13 and 17 inclusive, and were evenly divided in the two legal categories. No significant differences were found between the two groups on …

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