Cognitive Psychology Commons^™

A Study Of The Effect Of Interactive Language In The Stimulation Of Cognitive Functioning For Students With Learning Disabilities, Kathleen Ricards Hopkins

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Much can be gained by applying knowledge and insight gleaned from the field of neuropsychology to the field of education. Diagnosis and treatment of learning disabilities (LD) could be enhanced through an increased understanding of neurolinguistic functioning. The present study examined the effect of five instructional techniques aimed at stimulating the cognitive functioning of students with diagnosed learning disabilities. The defining characteristic of each of the five techniques is the use of interactive dialogue to stimulate oral language production leading to greater cognitive efficiency. Evidence is presented for the need for interhemispheric collaboration in complex linguistic tasks such as reading, …

Brain Activation Modulated By Sentence Comprehension, Marcel Adam Just, Patricia A. Carpenter, Timothy A. Keller, William F. Eddy, Keith R. Thulborn

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Cognitive Maturity And Information About Health Problems Among School Age Children, Lisa D. Lieberman, Noreeen Clark, Karen V. Krone, Mario Orlandi, Ernst L. Wynder

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

This study of urban, multi-ethnic children was undertaken to explore the relationships between age, cognitive developmental capability (termed ‘cognitive maturity’) and accuracy of information about health problems. A total of 299 children in the first, second and third grades from six public and one private school hi New York City were individually interviewed using an open-ended set of questions. Findings indicated that having accurate health information is not the same as comprehending the abstract internal nature of the ‘facts’. Results supported Piaget's levels of cognitive development applied to the area of health. Findings also showed that age is a better …

A Capacity Theory Of Comprehension: Individual Differences In Working Memory, Marcel Just, Patricia Carpenter

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Evidence For Common Coding Of Temporal And Nontemporal Information In Pigeons, Stephen Bridson

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Two experiments found evidence that pigeons commonly code temporal and visual samples that are associated with the same comparisons in many-to-one matching. In Experiment 1, pigeons were trained to match temporal (2-sec and 8-sec keylight durations) and color (red and green) samples to line tilt comparisons (vertical and horizontal). Similar rates of forgetting were found for all samples. Furthermore, retention of sample information appeared more similar for samples which shared common comparisons than those that did not. In Experiment 2, pigeons learned new comparison (circle and triangle) associations with either temporal or visual samples from Experiment 1. When tested on …

What One Intelligence Test Measures: A Theoretical Account Of The Processing In The Raven Progressive Matrices Test, Patricia A. Carpenter, Marcel Adam Just, Peter Shell

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Similarities Between Human And Animal Spatial Memory: Item And Order Information, Robert H.I. Dale

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Human subjects, sitting at the center of a circle of eight lights, were tested on analogues of radial-maze item-recognition (Roberts & Smythe, 1979) and order-recognition (Kesner & Novak, 1982) tasks. Subjects in the item-recognition condition saw a list of seven lights, and then the nonlist (eighth) light was tested against the first, fourth, or seventh light from the list. The sub- jects were required to point toward the non list light. Subjects in the order-recognition condition saw a series of eight lights, followed by a test of the first and second, fourth and fifth, or seventh and eighth serial positions. …

Speedreading, Marcel Just, Patricia Carpenter

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Dyslexia, Marcel Adam Just, Patricia A. Carpenter

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Cognitive Coordinate Systems: Accounts Of Mental Rotation And Individual Differences In Spatial Ability, Marcel Adam Just, Patricia A. Carpenter

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Stimulus Control Exerted By Remember Cues Over Processing In Pigeons’ Short-Term Memory, Patricia E. Hernandez Torres

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The aim of the present research was to provide further evidence regarding the role of remember cues on pigeon short-term memory. The first two experiments were conducted to determine whether, using a single cuing procedure, control over delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) performance could be demonstrated by establishing a no cue condition as an implicit cue to forget. In Experiment 1, subjects were provided with training in a procedure where both forget cue (F) and no cues indicated the omission of the comparison stimuli at the end of the delay interval. In Experiment 2, naive subjects were trained with remember (R) and …

Pigeon Short-Term Memory: The Effects Of Intertrial Interval Duration And Illumination In A Successive Delayed Matching-To-Sample Procedure, Vic Grossi

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The aim of this research was to examine the effects of illumination and intertrial interval duration on pigeon short-term memory, using a successive matching-to-sample procedure. In phrase one the retention interval was manipulated individually for each bird. During the second phase, a correction procedure was implemented in order to reduce the number of responses made to non-match comparison stimuli. In the third phase, the birds were returned to a common baseline, in order to observe what effect elimination of the correction procedure had on the bird’s performance. In the final phase of the research, after achieving stable performance in the …

A Theory Of Reading: From Eye Fixations To Comprehension, Marcel Adam Just, Patricia A. Carpenter

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Material-Specific Processes In Tactile Short-Term Memory, Christina Anne Meyers

Dissertations and Theses

Studies concerning tactile short-term memory (short-term memory or the sense of touch) have often been contradictory. Some of these studies support the existence of modality-specific tactile memory, a separate, independent storage system for tactile information. Other studies do not support such a system. Further, confusion has arisen regarding the tactile test materials, since many of them use common shapes which are easily labeled verbally. It is hypothesized that information which can be labeled is stored in material-specific verbal memory in the left hemisphere, while patterned or spatial information is stored in material-specific nonverbal memory in the right hemisphere.

This paper …

Cerebral Dominance, Its Measurements And Its Role In Letter Recognition And Spelling, Edward Humphrey Bogart

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Information Processing During High And Low Eeg Alpha Activity, Frances Gilliam Slocumb

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.