Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- WellBeing International (425)
- California Institute of Integral Studies (58)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (13)
- Lesley University (5)
- Rhode Island School of Design (4)
-
- Claremont Colleges (3)
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (3)
- Old Dominion University (3)
- University of Louisville (3)
- University of Massachusetts Boston (3)
- University of Montana (3)
- University of New Hampshire (3)
- University of Rhode Island (3)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (3)
- Washington University in St. Louis (3)
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (2)
- Chapman University (2)
- Ohio University (2)
- Portland State University (2)
- University of Central Florida (2)
- Valparaiso University (2)
- Clemson University (1)
- Fordham University (1)
- Georgia Southern University (1)
- Linfield University (1)
- Louisiana State University (1)
- New Jersey Institute of Technology (1)
- Northern Michigan University (1)
- SUNY College Cortland (1)
- Seattle Pacific University (1)
- Keyword
-
- Consciousness (54)
- Sentience (44)
- Cognition (31)
- Pain (27)
- Fish (23)
-
- Animal welfare (20)
- Welfare (19)
- Ethics (15)
- Animal cognition (13)
- Evolution (13)
- Brain (12)
- Emotion (12)
- Sheep (12)
- Emotions (11)
- Mind (11)
- Jealousy (10)
- Nociception (10)
- Perception (10)
- Dogs (9)
- Invertebrates (9)
- Personhood (9)
- Animal consciousness (8)
- Animal sentience (8)
- Phenomenology (8)
- Self-awareness (8)
- Feelings (7)
- Hard problem (7)
- Intelligence (7)
- Animal suffering (6)
- Awareness (6)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Animal Sentience (425)
- CONSCIOUSNESS: Ideas and Research for the Twenty-First Century (31)
- Journal of Conscious Evolution (23)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (8)
- Masters Theses (4)
-
- Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses (3)
- Faculty and Staff Scholarship (3)
- International Bulletin of Political Psychology (3)
- International Journal of Transpersonal Studies (3)
- Psychology Faculty Publication Series (3)
- Publications and Research (3)
- RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002) (3)
- Theses and Dissertations (3)
- CMC Senior Theses (2)
- Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence (2)
- Graduate School of Art Theses (2)
- Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers (2)
- Honors Undergraduate Theses (2)
- Master's Theses (2)
- Ohio University Press Open Access Books (2)
- Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture (2)
- All Theses (1)
- Anthós (1)
- Articles and Chapters in Academic Book Collections (1)
- Between the Species (1)
- College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1)
- Conference Presentations (1)
- Dissertations and Theses (1)
- Doctor of Education Capstones (1)
- English Faculty Articles and Research (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 211 - 240 of 564
Full-Text Articles in Cognition and Perception
More Evidence Of Complex Cognition In Nonhuman Species, Lesley J. Rogers
More Evidence Of Complex Cognition In Nonhuman Species, Lesley J. Rogers
Animal Sentience
Chapman & Huffman have highlighted observations of animals performing, in nature, complex behaviour once thought to be unique to humans. Just as relevant to their argument are examples of cognition shown by domesticated species tested in controlled conditions. These strengthen the case for human/nonhuman similarities in behaviour and cognition. Recent research has brought to our attention the ability of nonhuman species to perform many tasks previously considered to be the hallmark of humans. Even though different species may use different ways of solving these tasks, the very fact that they can do it undermines the notion of human superiority.
Unique In Degree Not Kindness, Jennifer Vonk
Unique In Degree Not Kindness, Jennifer Vonk
Animal Sentience
Humans are certainly unique among living species. This is evident in the transformation of human environments and its resulting impact on other animals. However, many of the traits unique to humans are costly as well as adaptive and should certainly not be used to elevate their status above that of other species.
Non-Human Animals Providing Rescue In Medical Emergencies, Rainer Spiegel
Non-Human Animals Providing Rescue In Medical Emergencies, Rainer Spiegel
Animal Sentience
In their target article, Chapman & Huffman challenge the quotation of Sir William Osler that the desire to take medication distinguishes humans from non-human animals. They provide examples of self-medication in non-human animals. Based on these examples, it can be inferred that non-human animals practice at least some form of medicine for symptom control. I would like to extend this view by showing that non-human animals not only provide self-medication, but also rescue others facing emergencies.
Mirror Neurons And Humanity’S Dark Side, Gisela Kaplan
Mirror Neurons And Humanity’S Dark Side, Gisela Kaplan
Animal Sentience
The last two decades have revealed brain mechanisms in birds and primates showing that, contrary to earlier prejudices, some birds can do things (cognitive and affective) on par with or even better than great apes and humans. The old dichotomies are breaking down; but the dark side is that these insights come at a time in the Anthropocene when humans have caused and continue to cause mass extinctions.
Humans May Be Unique And Superior — And That Is Irrelevant, Eze Paez
Humans May Be Unique And Superior — And That Is Irrelevant, Eze Paez
Animal Sentience
Chapman & Huffman argue that, because humans are neither unique nor superior to the other animals, cruelty to animals is not justified. Though I agree with their conclusion, I do not think their argument works. Many human beings do have some capacities that animals do not have and are greater in some respects, in the sense of having superior abilities. It is a better argument to deny that any of that is morally relevant. Sentience suffices for moral consideration, and for deriving a moral duty not to harm other animals and to assist them when they are in need.
Humans Have Always Been Unique!, William C. Mcgrew
Humans Have Always Been Unique!, William C. Mcgrew
Animal Sentience
Arguments about human uniqueness apply not only to extant species but also to extinct ones, that is, the hominin predecessors of anatomically modern Homo sapiens. Thus, unique and superior are doubly relative terms, in past and present. The scope for empirical comparison faces a spectrum of difficulty, from material (e.g., artefacts) to non-material (e.g., concepts) phenomena.
Phooey On Comparisons, Gwen J. Broude
Phooey On Comparisons, Gwen J. Broude
Animal Sentience
Chapman & Huffman reject the notion that human beings are very different from other animals. The goal is to undermine the claim that human uniqueness and even superiority are reason enough to treat other animals badly. But evaluating human uniqueness for this purpose only plays into the hands of those who exploit invidious comparisons between us and other animals to justify mistreatment of the rest of the animal kingdom. What human uniqueness we may discover would still be no justification for how we behave toward other animals. We should also ask ourselves whether any human-centric criterion can be justification for …
Anthropomorphism Is The First Step, Marthe Kiley-Worthington
Anthropomorphism Is The First Step, Marthe Kiley-Worthington
Animal Sentience
Individuals have intentions, beliefs and choices. This sense of “personhood” has been known and used for centuries by those who have dealt professionally with any nonhuman mammal. All mammals have a lot in common physically and mentally. The first step toward understand another species’ point of view is anthropomorphism.
Taking Exception To Human Exceptionalism, Carrie P. Freeman
Taking Exception To Human Exceptionalism, Carrie P. Freeman
Animal Sentience
Chapman & Huffman refute common claims used to justify human species distinctions, and they critique the animal cruelty that has resulted from this privileged status. I raise related questions for further study of the roots of human exceptionalism and about whether aspiring to be more like our fellow animals might be part of the solution.
Phenotypic Similarity And Moral Consideration, S. Brian Hood, Sophia Giddens
Phenotypic Similarity And Moral Consideration, S. Brian Hood, Sophia Giddens
Animal Sentience
Identifying specific traits to justify according differential moral status to humans and non-human animals may be more challenging than Chapman & Huffman suggest. The reasons for this also go against their recommendation that we ought to attend to how humans and non-humans are similar. The problem lies in identifying the moral relevance of biological characteristics. There are, however, other reasons for treating non-human animals as worthy of moral consideration, such as the Precautionary Principle.
Is Human Uniqueness Fake News?, Sean Hermanson
Is Human Uniqueness Fake News?, Sean Hermanson
Animal Sentience
The world and its troubles don't need unfounded denials of human uniqueness.
“I Am Not An Animal”, Lori Marino
“I Am Not An Animal”, Lori Marino
Animal Sentience
The answer to Chapman & Huffman’s question — “Why do we want to think humans are different?” — lies in the work of Ernest Becker and the social psychology literature known as Terror Management Theory, according to which our deep anxiety about animality and death can drive our need to feel superior to the other animals.
Across The Great Divide, Debra Merskin
Across The Great Divide, Debra Merskin
Animal Sentience
Chapman & Huffman’s target article calls for a reevaluation of claims of human uniqueness and superiority. It also adds to the literature on how species differences, as Darwin noted, are more of degree than kind. The threats to environmental health and species survival are a consequence of excluding nonhuman animals from moral concern and consideration. The theory of intersectionality should include speciesism in the array of discriminatory practices.
Moral Relevance Of Cognitive Complexity, Empathy And Species Differences In Suffering, John Lazarus
Moral Relevance Of Cognitive Complexity, Empathy And Species Differences In Suffering, John Lazarus
Animal Sentience
I qualify two criticisms made by commentators on Chapman & Huffman’s target article. Responding to the view that differences between humans and other animals are irrelevant to deciding how we should treat other species, I point out that differences between any species in their capacity to suffer are morally relevant. And in response to the claim that suffering is the sole criterion for the moral treatment of animals, I argue that cognitive complexity and a capacity for empathy also have moral relevance to the extent that they influence suffering.
Animal Cognition: Quantity Has A Quality Of Its Own, Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev, Kauê Machado Costa
Animal Cognition: Quantity Has A Quality Of Its Own, Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev, Kauê Machado Costa
Animal Sentience
Chapman & Huffman’s moral analysis fails to prove that the exploitation of animals or the environment is causally connected to beliefs about human capacities. Their exposition of the philosophical interpretations of animal cognition ignores historical context and confounds different levels of analysis. Their analysis of the scientific literature, from which they conclude that humans should not be considered as different from other animals, does not take into account many recent psychological and neuroscientific developments and rests upon a flawed understanding of the relationship between gradual and categorical differences, misrepresenting the two as mutually exclusive concepts.
Corticocentric Bias In Cognitive Neuroscience, Orit Nafcha, Shai Gabay
Corticocentric Bias In Cognitive Neuroscience, Orit Nafcha, Shai Gabay
Animal Sentience
Chapman & Huffman (2018) note that our tendency to categorize leads to a sense of human superiority that helps justify violence against nonhuman animals. Yet animals are turning out to have capacities previously thought to be uniquely human. We add a further factor that may contribute to the false sense of human superiority: the "corticocentric" bias of neuroscience. An evolutionary approach may help identify species similarities and differences, providing a better understanding of the uniqueness of each species.
Taking Darwinism Seriously, Carsta Simon
Taking Darwinism Seriously, Carsta Simon
Animal Sentience
Chapman & Huffman propose that dropping the categorical distinction between human and nonhuman animals may reduce the atrocious acts of humans towards nonhuman animals, but will it? Taking Darwinism seriously means accepting physical and behavioral continuity across species, including the capacity to feel pain.
Refining Thoughts About Human/Nonhuman Differences, Colin A. Chapman, Michael A. Huffman
Refining Thoughts About Human/Nonhuman Differences, Colin A. Chapman, Michael A. Huffman
Animal Sentience
Our commentators come from many fields and disciplines and express highly divergent views, illustrating broad interest in the question. From the breadth of comments, we have identified two recurring themes, which we focus on here. The first is a preponderance of cautionary remarks about evaluating the differences between humans and nonhuman animals. The second concerns whether considering animals as worthy of moral consideration is one of many useful tools for conservationists trying to prevent extinction, habitat destruction, and climate change.
Diversity On Human Difference: Unanimity On Human Responsibility, Colin A. Chapman, Michael A. Huffman
Diversity On Human Difference: Unanimity On Human Responsibility, Colin A. Chapman, Michael A. Huffman
Animal Sentience
Further commentaries on our original target article add important new points and expand our understanding of the differences between animals, particularly between non-human and human primates. But whether they affirm or deny that humans are unique, all commentators agree that our special abilities mean we should be taking responsibility for the care of nature and the plants and animals it supports. We ask: is humankind doing this?
Complexities And Challenges Of Nonduality, Elizabeth Stephens
Complexities And Challenges Of Nonduality, Elizabeth Stephens
CONSCIOUSNESS: Ideas and Research for the Twenty-First Century
States of consciousness referred to as nonduality, awakening, enlightenment, moksha, peak experience, unitive states, or void states, among other terms, have garnered increasing secular attention and have become a topic of psychological and neuroscientific research. A review of the literature revealed many challenges to studying this set of states, such as inconsistent conceptualizations, a variety of models and theories, and conflicting descriptions indicating that the actual experience may not live up to the superlative descriptions found in historical texts or the expectations put forth by nondual teachers. A great deal more empirical research on this topic is needed, and researchers …
Rudolf Bahro's Invisible Church, Parton, Glenn
Rudolf Bahro's Invisible Church, Parton, Glenn
Journal of Conscious Evolution
No abstract provided.
The Doctrine Of The "Mysterious Female" In Taoism: A Transpersonalist View, Tortchinov, Evgueni A.
The Doctrine Of The "Mysterious Female" In Taoism: A Transpersonalist View, Tortchinov, Evgueni A.
Journal of Conscious Evolution
No abstract provided.
Jean Gebser The Invisible Origin Evolution As A Supplementary Process, Translated By Theo Röttgers
Jean Gebser The Invisible Origin Evolution As A Supplementary Process, Translated By Theo Röttgers
Journal of Conscious Evolution
No abstract provided.
Jean Gebser Foreword To Eastern Wisdom And Western Thought: A Comparative Study In The Modern Philosophy Of Religion, Saher, P. J.
Jean Gebser Foreword To Eastern Wisdom And Western Thought: A Comparative Study In The Modern Philosophy Of Religion, Saher, P. J.
Journal of Conscious Evolution
No abstract provided.
Inner And Outer Realities: Jean Gebser In A Cultural/Historical Perspective, Combs, Allan
Inner And Outer Realities: Jean Gebser In A Cultural/Historical Perspective, Combs, Allan
Journal of Conscious Evolution
No abstract provided.
On The Nature Of Consciousness And Reality: An Overview Of Jean Gebser's Thoughts On Consciousness, Feuerstein, Georg
On The Nature Of Consciousness And Reality: An Overview Of Jean Gebser's Thoughts On Consciousness, Feuerstein, Georg
Journal of Conscious Evolution
No abstract provided.
From Homeland Earth; A New Manifesto For The New Millennium, Morin, Edgar
From Homeland Earth; A New Manifesto For The New Millennium, Morin, Edgar
Journal of Conscious Evolution
Now that the fantastic adventure begun in the 15th century has come to an end, the shout of Columbus’ lookout man takes on at last a planetary meaning: Land! Land!1 Even up to 1950-1960, we were living on a misapprehended Earth, on an abstract Earth. We were living on the Earth as object. By the end of this century, we discovered Earth as system, as Gaia, as biosphere, a cosmic speck—Homeland Earth. Each one of us has a pedigree, a terrestrial identity card. We are from, in, and on the Earth. We belong to the Earth which belongs to …
The Evolution Of The Culture Of Enterprise, Laszlo, Ervin
The Evolution Of The Culture Of Enterprise, Laszlo, Ervin
Journal of Conscious Evolution
At the top echelons of contemporary business, managers are becoming concerned with the unsustainability of the way companies now operate. A transformation of basic business strategies appears more and more indicated. For such transformation to be effective, the culture of the enterprise--the goals it pursues and the vision of these goals entertained by managers and collaborators--needs to change. Consequently there is a growing questioning of the viability of the typical culture of today's enterprise, and a search for more functional and timely concepts for creating anew and more timely cultural pattern.
Transpersonal Psychology And The Paradigm Of Complexity, Kelly, Sean M.
Transpersonal Psychology And The Paradigm Of Complexity, Kelly, Sean M.
Journal of Conscious Evolution
No abstract provided.
Death And Resurrection: Enlightenment And The Body Of Light, White, John
Death And Resurrection: Enlightenment And The Body Of Light, White, John
Journal of Conscious Evolution
Enlightenment or God-realization is not purely a psychological event. Bodily changes also occur, most dramatically in the higher phases of enlightenment. In the final phase, according to esoteric teachings in various sacred traditions and hermetic schools, the body is alchemically changed from flesh into light, becoming immortal. This transubstantiated body is called different names, such as resurrection body, light body, solar body and diamond body. This presentation looks at the phenomenon from a cross-cultural and evolutionary perspective. It then focuses on Christianity as a sacred tradition whose purpose is to enable people to develop through the resurrection of the body …