Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Psychology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Psychology

Discipline
Institution
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 2431 - 2460 of 2705

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Trends. The Tale Of The Tape: The Consequences Of Public Self-Consciousness For Political Life, Ibpp Editor Jan 1998

Trends. The Tale Of The Tape: The Consequences Of Public Self-Consciousness For Political Life, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the influence of technology on political behavior involving the increasing sophistication of monitoring devices.


Trends. Terrorism In Algeria: The Psychology Of Extinction, Ibpp Editor Jan 1998

Trends. Terrorism In Algeria: The Psychology Of Extinction, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses political election tactics primarily in Algeria.


Differences In Body Dissatisfication In Traditional College-Aged Men And Women, Joseph R. Cahoe Jan 1998

Differences In Body Dissatisfication In Traditional College-Aged Men And Women, Joseph R. Cahoe

Modern Psychological Studies

Findings from recent studies of body image have suggested that women are more dissatisfied with their body shapes than men. Participants' levels of body dissatisfaction were evaluated using a subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory (Gamer, Olmstead, Polivy 1983 Results of an independent-groups t-test revealed a significant effect t(49) = 4.39, p < .05 Specifically scores on body dissatisfaction were much higher for women (M = 12.13) than for men (M = 3.87) indicating that women do have higher rates of body dissatisfaction than men in a traditional college-aged population. Suggestions for future research include studying whether actual body shape and size has an impact on body dissatisfaction.


Attributional Perceptions Of Dating Outcomes, Peter D. Ormsby, Thomas D. Green Jan 1998

Attributional Perceptions Of Dating Outcomes, Peter D. Ormsby, Thomas D. Green

Modern Psychological Studies

Attributional responses made by undergraduate college students to interpersonal relationship outcomes were investigated to determine if the actor-observer effect exists in a similar manner for successful and unsuccessful dating situations, or if the effect is mediated by an egoserving bias tendency. Participants rated the influence of the Weinerian Factors of ability, effort, luck and task difficulty on successful and unsuccessful dating outcomes in terms of Self, an Other Male, or an Other Female. Participants attributed a significantly greater amount of internal responsibility to the others as compared to self for unsuccessful dating outcomes but not for successful outcomes. Additionally, participants, …


A Study Of Physical Appearance And Level Of Attraction To The Opposite Sex, Sherynn J. Perry Jan 1998

A Study Of Physical Appearance And Level Of Attraction To The Opposite Sex, Sherynn J. Perry

Modern Psychological Studies

This experiment examined the effects of physical appearance on level of attraction between people of the opposite sex. Level of attraction was measured using a questionnaire that included a picture of an attractive or unattractive stimulus person. The participants consisted of 57 university undergraduate students. They viewed the stimulus person, and then answered questions based on their attraction to and on how willing they would be to participate in various activities with that person. The results of the Independent Samples Nonequivalent Control Groups Design indicated significance between level of attraction and physical appearance in mate selection; therefore, in this study, …


Front Matter Jan 1998

Front Matter

Modern Psychological Studies

No abstract provided.


Professional Females: Are There Enough Available? Gender Bias Of Female Victims, Debbie Leecock Jan 1998

Professional Females: Are There Enough Available? Gender Bias Of Female Victims, Debbie Leecock

Modern Psychological Studies

The purpose of this study was to determine whether females who are over or under the age of 35 years old would prefer to interact with professionals of the same gender throughout the interrogative, medical, and legal situations that they would be presented with after being victimized. A written victimization situation was prepared for each of the participants to react to for this study. No specific reference was made to the gender of the assailant or specific sexual violence that had occurred to the victim in the hypothetical crime situation that was presented to each participant in the two age …


Front Matter Jan 1998

Front Matter

Modern Psychological Studies

No abstract provided.


Unanimity As A Rule For Group Consensus: A Review Of The Theoretical And Experimental Literature On The Use Of Unanimity In Group Decision Making, Kevin C. Rumison Jan 1998

Unanimity As A Rule For Group Consensus: A Review Of The Theoretical And Experimental Literature On The Use Of Unanimity In Group Decision Making, Kevin C. Rumison

Modern Psychological Studies

This literature review examines the use of unanimity as a rule for reaching group concensus in decision making The review contains a brief overview of group decision making and of the processes involved in reaching unanimous decision rule on various group processes and the positive and negative aspects of using this method to reach decisions. From the experimental literature, it appears that unanimous decision vile increases group cohesiveness and commitment to the decision, but at a loss of decision quality: Therefore, the group priorities should be taken into account when considering unanimity as a decision rule.


The Effect Of Freedom Of Choice On Cognitive Performance, Stephanie Cole, Mali Sengchannavong Jan 1998

The Effect Of Freedom Of Choice On Cognitive Performance, Stephanie Cole, Mali Sengchannavong

Modern Psychological Studies

The relationship between perceived control and academic performance has been addressed 1.17 a lave body of correlational research; however the effect of an internal orientation (i.e. a choice between academic tasks) on cognitive performance has not received as much attention. This study tested the hypothesis that college students' perception of control created by the belief that a choice exists between academic tasks increases cognitive performance. Participants consisted of 48 male and female college students from introduction to psychology classes and an analogy test was used to measure cognitive performance. The experimental group was made up of students who believed that …


Burnout In Academics : The Role Of Humour And Optimism As Stress Buffers, Natalie R. Fairclough Jan 1998

Burnout In Academics : The Role Of Humour And Optimism As Stress Buffers, Natalie R. Fairclough

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The relationship between university lecturers' perceived stress, use of humour to cope with stress, optimism, pessimism, and burnout was investigated. Participants included 180 lecturers from a range of Perth universities and disciplines. Questionnaire packages were delivered to the participants at their universities and were later returned to the researcher by mail. A principle components analysis was first performed on the Life Orientation Test-Revised, a self-report instrument designed to measure optimism, and demonstrated support for a two-dimensional model of optimism and pessimism. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was subsequently conducted to determine the ability of perceived stress, humour, optimism, and pessimism, …


The Effects Of Disability Simulations On Attitudes Toward Persons With Disabilities, John Patrick Mcgowan Jan 1998

The Effects Of Disability Simulations On Attitudes Toward Persons With Disabilities, John Patrick Mcgowan

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

.


Therapist Burnout: The Contributions Of Role Stress, Patient Behavior Stress, And Therapist Personality, Rosemary Kaden Jan 1998

Therapist Burnout: The Contributions Of Role Stress, Patient Behavior Stress, And Therapist Personality, Rosemary Kaden

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

.


The Relationship Of Attributional Style, Self-Concept, And Family Functioning To Depression In Children And Adolescents With Learning Disabilities, Charles S. Buchbauer Jan 1998

The Relationship Of Attributional Style, Self-Concept, And Family Functioning To Depression In Children And Adolescents With Learning Disabilities, Charles S. Buchbauer

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

.


Language Proficiency And Stress: Impact On Measured Intelligence And Anxiety For Latino Children, Marlene Baldizon De Naclerio Jan 1998

Language Proficiency And Stress: Impact On Measured Intelligence And Anxiety For Latino Children, Marlene Baldizon De Naclerio

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

.


Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivational Factors And Type A Behavior Pattern, Karen M. Ratliff, Sharon J. Hicks Jan 1998

Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivational Factors And Type A Behavior Pattern, Karen M. Ratliff, Sharon J. Hicks

Modern Psychological Studies

In this study motivational factors were examined to determine if subjects were more intrinsically or extrinsically motivated. In addition, Type A behavior pattern was assessed to determine if a link exists between motivation and Type A behavior. A total of 176 students from a small midwestern university participated in this research. Intrinsic motivation was manipulated by using one of two movies, one interesting and one boring. Extrinsic motivation was measured by manipulating the number of extra credit points given for participation. Participants were assigned to one of four conditions: High intrinsic/low extrinsic, high intrinsic/high extrinsic, low intrinsic/low extrinsic, and low …


Justifying Racial Reform, Davison M. Douglas Jan 1998

Justifying Racial Reform, Davison M. Douglas

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Hardiness And Job Fitness For The Intensive Family Preservation Specialist: A Correlational Study, Sandi Fisher Jan 1998

Hardiness And Job Fitness For The Intensive Family Preservation Specialist: A Correlational Study, Sandi Fisher

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is costly to train the counselors who serve in intensive Family Preservation Services (IFPS). The hiring agency must pay for traveling expenses in addition to any fee paid for training. When an IFPS worker chooses to terminate employment before the end of two years of employment, this puts a strain on an already tight budget. This problem could be alleviated by finding an efficient pre-hire screening instrument. The three personality traits described in Hardiness Theory literature: commitment, challenge, and control, are traits often used to describe the ideal IFPS worker. This study assessed IFPS workers to determine if the …


The Relationship Between Health Locus Of Control And Health Behaviors Of Women Who Have Undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Heather Ferrillo Dec 1997

The Relationship Between Health Locus Of Control And Health Behaviors Of Women Who Have Undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Heather Ferrillo

Nursing Master’s Theses and Projects

Due to the increasing number of women who are diagnosed with heart disease and who are undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, it is important to explore the psychosocial aspects involved in the recovery process of these women. This study examined the relationship between locus of control and health behaviors of women who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting.


Trends. Political Psychologies Of Welfare, Ibpp Editor Oct 1997

Trends. Political Psychologies Of Welfare, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the pros and cons of government welfare programs.


Trends. Globalization As A Projective Stimulus, Ibpp Editor Sep 1997

Trends. Globalization As A Projective Stimulus, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses how the political psychology of individuals, groups, organizations, and other entities change in an era of globalization.


The Relationship Between Personality Traits And Transformational Leadership Among North Carolina Elementary Public School Principals, Robert J. Mcgrattan May 1997

The Relationship Between Personality Traits And Transformational Leadership Among North Carolina Elementary Public School Principals, Robert J. Mcgrattan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the relationship between personality traits as identified by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and transformational leadership as measured by The Nature of School Leadership. The subjects were 74 North Carolina public school elementary principals. The principals completed the MBTI. Principals also provided pertinent demographic information. Selected teachers in each school were asked to give their perception of the principal as a transformational leader by completing The Nature of School Leadership. Data were analyzed to look for significant relationships between personality and demographics as they related to transformational leadership. The analysis of demographic information yielded gender as a significant …


Assessment Of Discrepancies Between Residential Employees' Work Values And Program Directors Perceptions Of Residential Employees' Work Values, Trinetia L. Respress May 1997

Assessment Of Discrepancies Between Residential Employees' Work Values And Program Directors Perceptions Of Residential Employees' Work Values, Trinetia L. Respress

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study assessed discrepancies between residential employees' work values and program directors' perceptions of the residential employees' work values. Additionally, work values of residential employees were analyzed to identify variations when considering gender, age, educational level, length of service, job classification, and current position. The study was undertaken to assist in developing a clearer understanding of the work values of residential employees for the purpose of enhancing administrator-associate relationships and to determine factors in the work setting that might contribute to longevity and more productive, satisfied, motivated employees. Data for the study were gathered from 172 program directors and residential …


The Relationship Between Social Support And Professional Burnout Among Public Secondary School Teachers In Northeast Tennessee, Jackie C. Walker May 1997

The Relationship Between Social Support And Professional Burnout Among Public Secondary School Teachers In Northeast Tennessee, Jackie C. Walker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Teaching is reported to be a stressful occupation and social support is thought to mediate stress. The purpose of the study was to identify relationships between the level of professional burnout and social support of high school teachers in Northeast Tennessee. In this correlational study, a sample of 228 secondary school teachers in Northeast Tennessee completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Teacher Support Network Inventory (TSNI). Respondents' satisfaction with support and amount of support were ascertained from the TSNI. Data presentation included a demographic description of the sample and a description of teachers' work support, personal support, and recreational …


Older Lesbian Perspectives On “Marriage” And “Same-Sex Marriage”, Jean Powell Jan 1997

Older Lesbian Perspectives On “Marriage” And “Same-Sex Marriage”, Jean Powell

Academic History

No abstract provided.


Front Matter Jan 1997

Front Matter

Modern Psychological Studies

No abstract provided.


Racial Identity In Biracial Adolescents From One African-American And One Caucasian-American Parent, Lanice Stanley Jan 1997

Racial Identity In Biracial Adolescents From One African-American And One Caucasian-American Parent, Lanice Stanley

Modern Psychological Studies

Racial identity development in biracial children within American society is essential for the discovery of selfconcept. Identity development in adolescents with one African American and one Caucasian-American parent is a complex process deriving from social influences and individual self-conceptualization. Three approaches of identity preference are found to be the most common in biracial youth. The first is the denial of one race, the second is over-identification of the favored culture, and lastly the incorporation of both racial backgrounds as a separate identity.


An "Authentic Wholeness" Synthesis Of Jungian And Existential Analysis, Samuel Minier Jan 1997

An "Authentic Wholeness" Synthesis Of Jungian And Existential Analysis, Samuel Minier

Modern Psychological Studies

Eclectic approaches to psychotherapy often lack cohesion due to the focus on technique and procedure rather than theory and wholeness of both the person and of the therapy. A synthesis of Jungian and existential therapies overcomes this trend by demonstrating how two theories may be meaningfully integrated The consolidation of the shared ideas among these theories reveals a notion of "authentic wholeness' that may be able to stand on its own as a therapeutic objective. Reviews of both analytical and existential psychology are given. Differences between the two are discussed, and possible reconciliation are offered. After noting common elements in …


Effects Of Levels Of Pleasantness And Vividness On Mood And Recall, Ibolya Yolas, Melissa Pelkey, Tiffany Porter Jan 1997

Effects Of Levels Of Pleasantness And Vividness On Mood And Recall, Ibolya Yolas, Melissa Pelkey, Tiffany Porter

Modern Psychological Studies

Undergraduate university students (N=118) participated in the experiment examining the effects of pleasantness level and vividness level on mood and recall. A pleasant and an unpleasant story were manipulated to construct the subdued and vivid version of the story. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the four experimental conditions: (a) pleasant-subdued (b) pleasant-vivid, (c) unpleasant-subdued or (d) unpleasant-vivid A mood scale was administered before and after the presentation of the text. An additional test was used to measure recall. The results indicated significant main effect for level of vividness on mood F (1,111) = 558, p <.05. Mood was found to be a significant predictor variable of recall R = .25 R2= .066, F (1,111) = 786 These findings might be applicable to any area concerned with mood alteration.


Influence Of Postevent Information In The Recall Of Central And Peripheral Details Of An Eyewitnessed Event, Kathi Kaeler, Yvonne Larson, Gloria Marmolejo Jan 1997

Influence Of Postevent Information In The Recall Of Central And Peripheral Details Of An Eyewitnessed Event, Kathi Kaeler, Yvonne Larson, Gloria Marmolejo

Modern Psychological Studies

Previous research has shown that misleading postevent information can alter the report of a previously witnessed event. The present experiment extends on this research by investigating whether central and peripheral details are affected differentially by misleading postevent information. Sixty-four undergraduate students were shown a series of slides depicting a theft from a convenience store. They were then exposed to a taped narrative which contained some misinformation and some neutral information about two central and two peripheral critical details. Finally, the subjects ' memory for the original event was tested using recognition and source questions. The accuracy data replicated the misinformation …