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Articles 2191 - 2220 of 2705
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Temperamental And Joint Attentional Predictors Of Language Development, Brenda J. Salley, Wallace E. Dixon Jr.
Temperamental And Joint Attentional Predictors Of Language Development, Brenda J. Salley, Wallace E. Dixon Jr.
ETSU Faculty Works
Individual differences in child temperament have been associated with individual differences in language development. Similarly, relationships have been reported between early nonverbal social communication (joint attention) and both temperament and language. The present study examined whether individual differences in joint attention might mediate temperament-language relationships. Temperament, language, and joint attention were assessed in 51 21-month-olds. Results indicated an inverse relationship between aspects of temperamental difficulty, including low executive control and high negative affect, and language development. Temperamental aspects of negative affect were also inversely predictive of joint attention. However, the utility of a model in which joint attention mediates the …
Influence Of Teamwork Aptitude And Personal Characteristics Of Team Members On Team Effectiveness: How Should We Form Effective Teams?, Shinko Kimura
Influence Of Teamwork Aptitude And Personal Characteristics Of Team Members On Team Effectiveness: How Should We Form Effective Teams?, Shinko Kimura
Theses Digitization Project
This study examines the factors that are important for team success by exploring the best possible criteria for selecting members for teamwork. Two models of team composition were proposed, productivty and synergy. The findings are discussed for their implications for team satisfaction and productivity.
Internal Psychological States In A Diverse Work Environment, Vincent Valdez Cordero
Internal Psychological States In A Diverse Work Environment, Vincent Valdez Cordero
Theses Digitization Project
The study examined the internal states (self-esteem and ethnic identity) that may affect individuals in a diverse work environment and lead to conflict. In particular it was expected that ethnic identity and self-esteem would mediate the relationship between diversity and conflict. Participants from a wide variety of organizations in Southern California completed an online survey. Statistical analyses revealed that self-esteem and ethnic identity did not mediate the relationship between diversity and conflict. However, many of the variables were significantly related to each other. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Attitudes Toward Mental Illness: The Effects Of Electronic Media And The Social Desirability Bias, Brandi A. Klein
Attitudes Toward Mental Illness: The Effects Of Electronic Media And The Social Desirability Bias, Brandi A. Klein
Modern Psychological Studies
This study examined the effects of mental illness portrayal in film and the social desirability bias on participants' attitudes toward mental illness. Participants watched video clips of a mentally ill character acting either normally or abnormally, and were given either anonymous or confidential questionnaires. Participants who viewed abnormal behavior reported more negative attitudes toward mental illness than participants who watched normal behavior (p < .001) on the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale (Hirai & Clum, 2000). No difference was found between the anonymous and confidential conditions, and these scores did not vary by the viewed behavior. These results suggest that the electronic media influenced participants' attitudes toward mental illness, but participants were not influenced by the social desirability bias.
The History And Development Of Dressage And Psychological Tools, Nick Onoda
The History And Development Of Dressage And Psychological Tools, Nick Onoda
Whittier Scholars Program
This paper has two main areas of focus. The first area details the history and development of dressage, from its original military function into its current form as an Olympic sport. The second area presents psychological tools and methods that can be used by all dressage riders to enhance performance and the relationship between horse and rider. The history of dressage and the psychological tools that help riders reach their optimal mental state may seem unrelated. However, there is a correlation. The history of dressage records how conflicting philosophies and psychological outlooks during different time periods affected the training of …
Out-Group Exploitation Through Depersonalization In A Prisoner's Dilemma Game, Risa Ohkawa
Out-Group Exploitation Through Depersonalization In A Prisoner's Dilemma Game, Risa Ohkawa
Modern Psychological Studies
The experiment examined how salience of out-group membership affects an individual's tendency to financially exploit an out-group member in a prisoner's dilemma (PD) game and a monetary bonus allocation task. It also examined the role of depersonalization of self and others. Half of the research participants played a PD game to win money with an imaginary opponent, who had a foreign accent, and the other half did with an opponent, who spoke fluent English. A salient indication of out-group membership was present in the former (accent) condition, and it was absent in the latter (control). Participants were also asked to …
The Effects Of Experienced Childhood Maternal Abuse On Adult Attachment Styles, Joseph Oliva, Richard Velayo, Katherine Erwin
The Effects Of Experienced Childhood Maternal Abuse On Adult Attachment Styles, Joseph Oliva, Richard Velayo, Katherine Erwin
Modern Psychological Studies
The relationship between experienced maternal abuse and the development of an insecure attachment style was examined. Data was collected via selfreport questionnaires in a large, urban college campus. The questionnaires used were the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS-2, Straus, Hamby, Boney-McCoy, & Sugarman, 1996) and Attachment Questionnaire (AQ, Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991). The sample included 81 females and 86 males, ranging in age from 18-57 years old. No significant correlation was found between the experience of maternal abuse and the development of a fearful attachment style. The results did support a significant correlation between maternal abuse and the development of …
Mediating The Cultivation Of Fear Through Media Literacy Education, Catherine N. Collins, Kristine L. Slank
Mediating The Cultivation Of Fear Through Media Literacy Education, Catherine N. Collins, Kristine L. Slank
Modern Psychological Studies
College students (N = 110) received a media literacy intervention based on critical thinking or they received no intervention. Students were also classified as low or high television viewers based on responses to a Television Use Survey. Fear was measured with a Safety Survey and analyzed with a 2 Intervention x 2 Television Viewing ANOVA. Fear was expected to be lower in the intervention and low television viewing groups than in the no intervention and high television viewing groups. However, no results were significant.
Acculturative Strategies And The Outcomes Of Self-Esteem And Well-Being Of Latino Immigrants To Boston, Jane Mellors
Acculturative Strategies And The Outcomes Of Self-Esteem And Well-Being Of Latino Immigrants To Boston, Jane Mellors
Modern Psychological Studies
Acculturation is the negotiation process that immigrants undergo as they struggle to adapt to their new culture. Four acculturative strategies are thought to exist that immigrants can choose, and, although the selection of an acculturative strategy is influenced by the sociocultural context, the adoptions of different strategies have been associated with specific psychological outcomes (Berry, 1997, 2005; Neto, 2002; Sam, 2000). Past acculturative research has largely focused on areas outside of the United States; the current project is designed to fill a gap in the psychological literature by exploring Boston, Massachusetts, a city which has experienced a tremendous increase of …
Risk Markers Associated With Physical And Psychological Abuse By Intimate Partners Against Women In Substance Abuse Treatment, Scott J. Buchanan
Risk Markers Associated With Physical And Psychological Abuse By Intimate Partners Against Women In Substance Abuse Treatment, Scott J. Buchanan
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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An Investigation Of The Cliinical Utility Of The Sensory Profile, Laura Leigh Pizzano Smith
An Investigation Of The Cliinical Utility Of The Sensory Profile, Laura Leigh Pizzano Smith
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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The Emotional Enviroments Of Families And How They Influence The Development Of Anxiety In Individuals, Angela Nasca Toto
The Emotional Enviroments Of Families And How They Influence The Development Of Anxiety In Individuals, Angela Nasca Toto
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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The Impact Of Childhood Sexual Abuse On A Woman's Attitudes, Perceptions, And Behaviors As She Transitions To Motherhood, Tina Haydu Snider
The Impact Of Childhood Sexual Abuse On A Woman's Attitudes, Perceptions, And Behaviors As She Transitions To Motherhood, Tina Haydu Snider
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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The Relationship Among Locus Of Control, Coping Style, Self-Esteem And Cultural Identification In Female Adolescents, Jennifer Butler-Sweeney
The Relationship Among Locus Of Control, Coping Style, Self-Esteem And Cultural Identification In Female Adolescents, Jennifer Butler-Sweeney
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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Using Bibliotherapy To Positively Impact The Emergent Racial Identity Of African-American Children, Sarah Seung-Mcfarland
Using Bibliotherapy To Positively Impact The Emergent Racial Identity Of African-American Children, Sarah Seung-Mcfarland
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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The Relationship Between Daily Spiritual Experience And Practice, And Health And Life Satisfaction In Doctoral-Level Counselors, Carol A. Gernat
The Relationship Between Daily Spiritual Experience And Practice, And Health And Life Satisfaction In Doctoral-Level Counselors, Carol A. Gernat
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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Assessing Observed Character Strengths In Groups Using Streamed Video And Video Ipods, Jonathan P. Floyd
Assessing Observed Character Strengths In Groups Using Streamed Video And Video Ipods, Jonathan P. Floyd
The Corinthian
Positive psychology is a developing trend in modern psychological studies. Among the many facets of positive psychology are the values in action signature strengths, a collection of 24 positive attributes that are related to basic good character traits in all people. These strengths were recognized and researched as a way in which to cultivate good character through examining the positive side of individuals. The research examined the effectiveness of the values in action signature strengths survey as an evaluation tool to be used in group development activities.
Student Satisfaction And Program Evaluation For The First Three Psy. D. School Psychology Cohorts At The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine, Ronald M. Deguffroy
Student Satisfaction And Program Evaluation For The First Three Psy. D. School Psychology Cohorts At The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine, Ronald M. Deguffroy
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
There is a noticeable absence in the professional literature regarding what school psychology doctoral students believe leads to satisfaction during their advanced training. Consequently, a general review of available research was conducted to ascertain what other closely related fields say about student satisfaction during doctoral training. As the document progresses, a variety of issues including funding and mentoring as well as considerations for multicultural and ethical issues as they relate to the topic are investigated. A theoretical model of what constitutes a satisfying experience for doctoral training in school psychology is provided. A program specific evaluation was conducted of the …
The Psychology Of Motivation In Sport, Nicholas Salomone
The Psychology Of Motivation In Sport, Nicholas Salomone
Whittier Scholars Program
The purpose of this paper is to give a general overview of motivation theory in sport psychology. Beginning with self-confidence in sport, the basic models will be presented, showing how each built upon the last to create a more and more comprehensive and reliable structure for the measurement and evaluation of motivational style. From there, the models of causal attribution, which have evolved from Heider’s 1958 unidimensional structure to Weiner’s revised multidimensional models, will be covered. Nicholls’ (1984) goal perspective theory will then be discussed with emphasis on types of goal orientation and their positive and negative connotations. The self-determination …
Impact Of Training On School Psychologists' Knowledge And Attitudes Regarding Children With Chronic Health Issues, Abby Baker
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Children who have chronic medical illnesses must rely on their families and schools to create an environment that allows goals in the areas of development, of academic, social, familial and life-skills to be individualized to accommodate the capabilities of each child. School psychologists are an essential part of blending a child’s needs and academic fit. Although school psychologists receive some training in child psychopathology, they lack the necessary training in the areas of acute and chronic illness, in order to work with the health care system and to collaborate with pediatricians. The emergence of the field of Pediatric Psychology in …
Instead Of Erklären And Verstehen: William James On Human Understanding, David E. Leary
Instead Of Erklären And Verstehen: William James On Human Understanding, David E. Leary
Psychology Faculty Publications
Perhaps more than any other American psychologist and philosopher, William James (1842-1910) was intimately familiar with contemporary European thought and debate, including the discussion of Erklären and Verstehen advanced by Wilhelm Dilthey (1833-1911) and others around the turn of the twentieth century. Even before this discussion was initiated, James had been dealing with related issues, pondering alternative solutions, and formulating his own original views on human understanding. These views coalesced in a distinctive approach to cognition. Fundamental to this approach was a belief in possibility and probability as innate features of the physical as well as mental manifestations of the …
The Relation Between College Student Involvement And Satisfaction, Whitney D. Reed, Stephanie P. Da Silva
The Relation Between College Student Involvement And Satisfaction, Whitney D. Reed, Stephanie P. Da Silva
Modern Psychological Studies
The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between college students' involvement and their overall satisfaction with their college experience. It was predicted that the more a student is involved, the more he/she will be satisfied with the college experience. The 60 male and female respondents were traditional students at Anderson University in Anderson, SC. A survey was administered to assess student involvement based on the diversity (types of activities) and amount (hours per week) of participation. Each student's satisfaction with college also was assessed using a self-devised scale. A moderate positive correlation was detected, p<.01, where 12% of the variance in student satisfaction was accounted for by student involvement. The implications and limitations are discussed.
Alleviating Skin Picking Behavior In Prader-Willi Syndrome Using Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors And Topiramate: A Review Of The Literature, Jessica M. Blurton
Alleviating Skin Picking Behavior In Prader-Willi Syndrome Using Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors And Topiramate: A Review Of The Literature, Jessica M. Blurton
Modern Psychological Studies
This paper discusses what is known currently about treating skin picking behavior in people with Prader-Willi Syndrome using Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and topiramate. Because of small samples and flawed methodology it is argued that the advantages and disadvantages of either drug therapy are not fully known at this time, but that future research is strongly indicated. Some suggestions for further studies are discussed.
Response Validity In Forensic Neuropsychology: Exploratory Factor Analytic Evidence Of Distinct Cognitive And Psychological Constructs, Nathaniel W. Nelson, Jerry J. Sweet, David Tr Berry, Fred B. Bryant, Robert P. Granacher
Response Validity In Forensic Neuropsychology: Exploratory Factor Analytic Evidence Of Distinct Cognitive And Psychological Constructs, Nathaniel W. Nelson, Jerry J. Sweet, David Tr Berry, Fred B. Bryant, Robert P. Granacher
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Forensic neuropsychology studies usually address either cognitive effort or psychological response validity. Whether these are distinct constructs is unclear. In 122 participants evaluated in a compensation-seeking context, the present Exploratory Factor Analysis examined whether forced-choice cognitive effort measures (Victoria Symptom Validity Test, Test of Memory Malingering, Letter Memory Test) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Second Edition (MMPI-2) validity scales (L, F, K, FBS, Fp, RBS, Md, Dsr2, S) load on independent factors. Regardless of factor rotation strategy (orthogonal or oblique), four response validity factors emerged by means of both Principal Components Analysis (82.7% total variance) and Principal-Axis Factor Analysis (74.1% …
The Role Of Training Variables In Effective Dissemination Of Evidence-Based Parenting Interventions, Alexandra C. Seng, Ronald J. Prinz, Matthew R. Sanders
The Role Of Training Variables In Effective Dissemination Of Evidence-Based Parenting Interventions, Alexandra C. Seng, Ronald J. Prinz, Matthew R. Sanders
Faculty Publications
From a public health perspective, mental health in parents and children can be promoted through population-based dissemination of parenting and family support interventions. However, it is critical that service providers who are acquiring evidence-based parenting interventions complete the training regimen to optimize dissemination and impact. This article examines training completion and its relationship to individual service provider characteristics, barriers to program use and subsequent implementation of an evidence-based program, the Triple P - Positive Parenting Program. In this study, 83.7% of the service providers completed the two-part training. Individual-level variables did not predict training completion. Service providers from diverse backgrounds …
Psychological Implications Of The Doctrine Of Christian Perfection With Special Reference To John Wesley's View, Irv Brendlinger, Eric E. Mueller
Psychological Implications Of The Doctrine Of Christian Perfection With Special Reference To John Wesley's View, Irv Brendlinger, Eric E. Mueller
Faculty Publications - George Fox School of Theology
The doctrine of Christian Perfection is viewed by some as a wonderful and liberating doctrine, but by others it is seen as producing false expectations and guilt. John Wesley, the first major theologian to develop a theology of Christian Perfection, encountered misunderstandings and problems with this doctrine. He wrote and preached to correct the misunderstandings. Unfortunately, misunderstandings persist and sometimes have psychological effects on individuals. This article explores common understandings, beliefs, and experiences regarding Christian Perfection among evangelical Christians from the holiness tradition. The material was gathered by means of interviews that were recorded. The interviews were then studied by …
Paradoxical Facilitation Of Object Recognition Memory After Infusion Of Scopolamine Into Perirhinal Cortex: Implications For Cholinergic System Function., Boyer D Winters, Lisa M Saksida, Timothy J Bussey
Paradoxical Facilitation Of Object Recognition Memory After Infusion Of Scopolamine Into Perirhinal Cortex: Implications For Cholinergic System Function., Boyer D Winters, Lisa M Saksida, Timothy J Bussey
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
The cholinergic system has long been implicated in learning and memory, yet its specific function remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of cortical acetylcholine in a rodent model of declarative memory by infusing the cholinergic muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine into the rat perirhinal cortex during different stages (encoding, storage/consolidation, and retrieval) of the spontaneous object recognition task. Presample infusions of scopolamine significantly impaired object recognition compared with performance of the same group of rats on saline trials; this result is consistent with previous reports supporting a role for perirhinal acetylcholine in object information acquisition. Scopolamine infusions …
Just Delivering The News Or Something More? How The Mass Media Influence Public Opinion And Public Perception, Tamara D. Marashlian
Just Delivering The News Or Something More? How The Mass Media Influence Public Opinion And Public Perception, Tamara D. Marashlian
Modern Psychological Studies
The media, which include radio, television and newspapers, have become a crucial part of society as it provides the public with a variety of information on a daily basis. As a result, the media can potentially influence public opinion and public perception. This review examines the current research on how the media are influential and, in the process, the degree to which the media are responsible for creating public opinion. Also explained is the third-person effect, defined as the belief that a person considers himself to be less influenced by the media than others. Furthermore, the review focuses on the …
Effectiveness Of Treatment Interventions For Adults Suffering From Anger Disorders: A Literature Review, Amy Levitt, Mark J. Sciutto
Effectiveness Of Treatment Interventions For Adults Suffering From Anger Disorders: A Literature Review, Amy Levitt, Mark J. Sciutto
Modern Psychological Studies
No abstract provided.