Psychology Commons^™

Exploring The Interpersonal Consequences Of Adverse Childhood Experiences In College Students, Jessica Criddle, Thomas B. Sease, Esther Malm

Faculty & Staff Research and Creative Activity

The Interpersonal Process Model of Intimacy characterizes intimacy as dyadic interpersonal interactions in which vulnerable behaviors are displayed and reinforced by suitable listeners. We posited that Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) would foster avoidance of vulnerable speaker behaviors in dyadic exchanges, as seen in self-concealment, and that lower levels of ACEs would be associated with more self-disclosure. Correspondingly, we examined whether self-concealment and self-disclosure simultaneously mediated the relationship between ACEs and relationship closeness in college students. Results revealed that ACEs were significantly associated with more self-concealment only. After removing self-disclosure from the model, self-concealment mediated the relationship between ACEs and relationship …

The Association Between Child Behavior Problems And Parenting Stress In Families Of Children With Disabilities In The United Arab Emirates (Uae): Family Resilience Processes As Protective Factors, Sara Alansaari

Theses - ALL

No abstract provided.

Implementing The Mindfulness-Based Kindness Curriculum In An Inclusive Setting: Effects On Prosocial Behavior, Emily Cary

Dissertations - ALL

Low rates of prosocial behavior are associated with poor academic, emotional, and behavioral outcomes, including physical aggression, externalizing problems, criminal justice convictions, lower academic achievement, and more peer rejection. Using a cluster randomized control trial, this study examined the effects of the mindfulness-based Kindness Curriculum (N = 26), compared to a matched control condition consisting of a social and emotional learning (SEL) curriculum, Merrell’s Strong Start (N = 20). Outcome measures included the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Head Shoulders Knees and Toes task, which are measures of prosocial behavior including self-regulatory skills. These assessments were administered to 5 …

Do Adverse Childhood Experiences Mediate The Relationship Between Autistic Traits And Borderline Personality Traits?, Alyne Rodrigues

Dissertations - ALL

Background: Previous studies have found comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnoses in clinical samples, higher autistic traits in individuals with BPD compared to control groups, and co-occurrence of autistic traits and BPD traits in community samples. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are highly prevalent among autistic individuals and individuals diagnosed with BPD. However, to date, cumulative ACEs have been neglected as a potential mediator of the association between ASD and BPD. The present preliminary cross-sectional study examined whether retrospective self-reported ACEs, before 18 years of age, explained the relationship between current self-reported autistic traits and current …

Potential Causes Of Stigma Toward Autism Spectrum Disorder In The Hispanic/Latin Community, Jill Morales

Psychology and Counseling Theses

The goals of this study were to (a) examine if stigma against ASD is predicted by high levels of acculturation, low socioeconomic status, low levels of education, and the lack of intention to seek help from a mental health professional, and (b) examine potential differences between Hispanics and Non-Hispanics on these predictors. I predicted higher levels of acculturation and lower levels of education among Hispanic/Latin individuals than non- Hispanic/Latin individuals, and that mature Hispanic/Latin individuals will have higher levels of acculturation and lower levels of education compared to their younger counterparts.

The data were collected via a Qualtrics survey distributed …

Understanding The Feelings And Experiences Of Patients With Periodontal Disease: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis, Jun Yin, Yan Li, Mingyu Feng, Li Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Patients' experiences, feelings, and perceptions play key roles in quality of life and dental care quality, but they are poorly understood in periodontal disease. Therefore, this meta-synthesis aimed to gain deep insights into the feelings, experiences, and perceptions of people living with periodontal disease.

METHODS: Electronic database searches in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Open AIRE were conducted up to December 2021 (updated in June 2022). The JBI Critical Appraisal Tool was used for quality assessment. Then reviewers integrated findings from qualitative studies with a thematic synthesis approach.

RESULTS: A total of 567 …

The Role Of Familiarity And The Age-Based Double Standard In Evaluating Memory And Iadl Errors, Kristopher J. Kimbler, Ashley M. Escalon

Adultspan Journal

Research suggests that errors committed by older adults are viewed as more problematic than identical errors committed by younger adults. This study is the first to examine whether these age-based biases are found when evaluating social partners. The current study (N = 162) used a 2 X 2 (target age: young vs. old; familiarity: hypothetical vs. social partner) between-subjects design to assess the extent that familiarity influences the evaluations of errors committed by others. Findings suggest that age-based biases do not differ when evaluating social partners compared to hypothetical targets. Implications for counselors and other healthcare professionals are included.

Hope Agency And Hope Pathways As Potential Mediators Of Trauma Exposure And Psychological Adjustment In Emerging Adults, Miranda R. Schaffer, Edward C. Chang, Alaina E. Gregory, Misu Kwon, Claire J. Shimshock, Nithya M. Rao, Paige K. Demers, Madeleine R. Vieth, Jameson K. Hirsch

Adultspan Journal

The present study examined hope as a mediator between trauma exposure and negative affective conditions in 490 college students. Hope agency, but not hope pathways, mediated some of the association. Trauma exposure maintained a significant association with negative affective conditions. Implications for counselors working with trauma-exposed college students are discussed.

Cortical Source Analysis Of The Face Sensitive N290 Erp Component In Infants At High Risk For Autism, Maggie W. Guy, John E. Richards, Jane E. Roberts

Faculty Publications

Appropriate head models for cortical source analysis were investigated and applied to source analyses examining the neural bases of the face-sensitive N290 event-related potential (ERP) component in infants at high risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This included infant siblings of children with ASD (ASIBs) and infants with fragile X syndrome (FXS). First, alternative head models for use with ASIBs and FXS were investigated. Head models created from the infant’s own MRI were examined in relation to five head models based on average MRI templates. The results of the head model comparison identified group-specific (i.e., ASIB or FXS) head models …

Third Culture Kids' Repatriation And Planned Transition To College From A South Asian Country: A Qualitative Collective Case Study, Sandra Wiemann Blank

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative collective case study was to understand the transition to college in the United States of third culture kids (TCKs) who have spent at least one year in South Asia during their upbringing (ages 6-18). Schlossberg’s adults in transition theory was employed to study planned transitions to college. This study attempted to answer the research questions: How do TCKs perceive the major events or benchmarks in their transition to college? How did expected and unexpected outcomes impact TCKs’ experience during their transition to college? What resources do TCKs typically access during their repatriation to college transition …

Mothering While Black: Examining Resilience And Grit In The Raising Of Black Boys By Black Single Mothers, Suzette M. Fagan

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The ongoing struggles and challenges of the Black experience and the consequences thereof have been widely studied. One of the many challenges that have faced by this population is the growing epidemic of single parenting. The fractured nature of the Black family has been researched, showing the implications of absentee fathers and the raising of children by black single mothers, especially those raising boys. Using the social constructs of resiliency and grit, this study provided insight into how Black single mothers used resilience and grit to turn their parenting into a story of hope. A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted …

A Quantitative Study Examining Individual Employee Experiences Of Change Initiatives And The Impact On Employee Perceptions Of Change And Attitudes, Adrienne Marie Read

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Current organizational change management models focus on information sharing as the primary mechanism for involving employees in change initiatives, but most change initiatives fail due to limited attention given to organizational members impacted by change. The current study provides empirical evidence for more tangible methods of employee involvement by examining individual experiences of organizational change and the influence of involvement factors (leadership communication and work contribution) on employee perception of change and job attitudes (organizational commitment and turnover intentions). A causal-comparative design was implemented using a 39-item survey administered to 344 participants who have experienced an organizational change. The nonparametric …

Vivencias De Participación Y Exclusión Socio-Laboral En Jóvenes Con Discapacidad Intelectual, Nicolasa María Durán Palacio, Felipe Puerta Jaramillo, Magda Victoria Díaz Alzate

The Qualitative Report

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación cualitativa cuyo objetivo fue la comprensión de las vivencias de participación y exclusión socio-laboral en jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual, mediante un acercamiento a sus narrativas. Se orientó a través de un diseño narrativo, para identificar los relatos de los participantes, las vivencias desde el punto de vista de sus protagonistas. Se realizaron entrevistas narrativas, que incluían, además de la conversación, otros textos como el dibujo y las historias. Para identificar las continuidades y discontinuidades en el análisis narrativo, se utilizó la triangulación de actores, aportando el nivel de validez requerido en los …

Employee Fit, Sarah Stepanek, Megan Paul

Umbrella Summaries

What is employee fit?

Broadly defined, fit is said to be the “compatibility between individuals and organizations” (Kristof, 1996, p. 3). Early theories of fit proposed that alignment between individuals’ personalities and their environment would lead to greater personal success and happiness; for example, those with social personalities would find the greatest fulfillment in work roles involving helping people, such as a social worker or nurse (Holland, 1985). Since then, the idea of fit has been expanded to include not just alignment of personality, but also attitudes, values, preferences, needs, goals, knowledge, skills, and abilities (Kristof-Brown et al., 2005). Fit …

Parental Attachment And Compassion As Predictors Of Distress Disclosure Among Young Adults, Ellie N. Wilde

Clinical Psychology Dissertations

Distress disclosure is associated with perceived social support, so it is important to understand what supports our ability to disclose distress. This study examined relationships between distress disclosure, fear of others’ compassion, parental attachment, self-compassion, and perceived social support among young adults. I expected young adults with stronger parental attachment security to report greater capacity for distress disclosure and that this relationship would be mediated by fear of others’ compassion. I expected trait self-compassion to moderate relationships between these variables on all paths of the mediation, such that higher self-compassion would reduce the adverse impact of insecure parental attachment on …

Number-Time Interaction: Search For A Common Magnitude System In A Cross-Modal Setting, Anuj Shukla, Raju S Bapi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A theory of magnitude (ATOM) suggests that a generalized magnitude system in the brain processes magnitudes such as space, time, and numbers. Numerous behavioral and neurocognitive studies have provided support to ATOM theory. However, the evidence for common magnitude processing primarily comes from the studies in which numerical and temporal information are presented visually. Our current understanding of such cross-dimensional magnitude interactions is limited to visual modality only. However, it is still unclear whether the ATOM-framework accounts for the integration of cross-modal magnitude information. To examine the cross-modal influence of numerical magnitude on temporal processing of the tone, we conducted …

Narratives Close The Gap: The Limited Role Of Temporal Distance In Binding Events Into Coherent Memories, Angelique Delarazan

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Temporal information has been identified as a powerful influence on memory retrieval. Much of this arise from studies that tend to focus on associations between items. In contrast, real-life experiences consist of discrete events that encompass more than mere associations. While events can be remembered based on temporal proximity, events that are farther apart in time can also be linked together by forming a coherent narrative. Given that daily experiences are multifaceted, it is unclear to what extent prior work generalizes to real-world memories. Here, we sought to determine the influence of temporal features and narrative coherence on memory for …

The Effects Of Task Novelty On Memory For Everyday Meal Preparation Tasks Among Young Adults And Older Adults, Michael Persin

Psychology and Counseling Theses

The use of nonsensical information in the study of learning and memory goes back to the beginning of the field of psychology. Nonsensical information makes it difficult to rely on previous learning, increasing task novelty and providing insight into the learning of new tasks. However, little research exists investigating the role of task novelty in everyday activities such as cooking, which involve overlearned skills. This study aims to investigate the role of task novelty in everyday memory for meal preparation tasks in virtual reality. Young adults (n = 41; age M = 18.77, SD = 1.40) and older adults …

Examining The Gay Panic Defense With An Experimental Design, Annika I. Wurm

Psychology and Counseling Theses

The gay panic defense (GPD) is a type of provocation defense used in criminal trials for the purpose of mitigating a defendant’s culpability to a jury. The current study utilized chi-square tests and logistic regression to investigate the effects of the GPD on jury decision-making and to assess potential associations of personal characteristics of jurors on verdict selection. Contrary to hypotheses, testing resulted in null findings. Limitations, as well as study strengths, are discussed. Findings suggest that methodology and case details may be pertinent in the empirical investigation of the GPD.

Developing Marketing Strategies To Enhance Students’ Perception Of Service Within The Thompson Scholarship Program, Emileigh Kleps

Honors Projects

Understanding the perceptions of Thompson Family Scholars to suggest improvements of marketing strategies within the Thompson Scholarship Program for the benefit of current and future Thompson Family Scholars.

Exploring The Dimensional Structure Of A Measure Of Supervision Competence And Its Prediction Of Trainee Development, Jacqueline Davis

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Clinical supervision is one of the most important components of a health service psychologist’s training. Supervisors ensure the integrity of the supervisee’s services to protect the public and act as gatekeepers to the profession. Despite the importance of this professional practice, supervision training and evaluation received minimal attention until the early 2000s. There is little high-quality research on what makes supervision effective, in part due to few measures assessing supervision competence. A culture shift to competency-based training and education in health service psychology both allows for and requires improved evaluation of supervision. The current study aimed to (a) elucidate the …

Relationship Building In E-Negotiation: Dyadic Effects On Subjective Negotiation Outcomes, Mounica Reddy

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

E-negotiation is a critical activity that is becoming a new reality (Sokolova et al., 2006), however, the e-negotiation environment lends itself to fewer informative cues than the face-to-face environment. The ability to maintain relationships with parties and negotiate with them in the future increases the negotiator’s bargaining power and could be important beyond economic outcomes (Curhan & Brown, 2011). This study investigates the link between relationship-building and subjective values in negotiation, and how the negotiation medium may change this relationship. Subjective values of rapport, trustworthiness, and interest in future interaction were predicted to both differ by e-negotiation and face-to-face negotiation …

Engaging N Service Learning: Using Mixed Methods To Examine Community Partner Perceptions, Kendall P. Crum

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Outcomes for students engaging in service learning are well documented and accepted throughout educational literature. However, less is known about how community partners perceive service learning. A convergent mixed methods approach was used to examine the perceptions of community partners engaged in service learning activities. In the first phase of the current study, community partner perceptions were explored using extant focus group data. Five themes were identified: experiences with students, experiences with the Steans Center, service learning impacts on organizational capacity, perceptions of university partnerships, and other community partner perceptions. Experiences with students included five subthemes: (a) student work; (b) …

Why People Share When They Shouldn't: Antecedents And Consequences Of Impulsive Secret-Sharing, Natalie Ann Mordini

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation, comprised of three studies, explores goals and antecedents of sharing and keeping personal secrets, examines how secret-sharing and secret-keeping experiences differ and are perceived to differ, and investigates the emotional outcomes of sharing and keeping secrets. It also suggests two potential “triggers” which may lead to increased impulsive secret-sharing. Study 1 explored, retrospectively, how secret-sharing and secret-keeping experiences align and differ. It found key differences between these experiences, particularly regarding motivations, level of planning, contextual factors, confidant perceptions, and the emotional consequences related to the decision. Study 2 examined perceptions of secret-keeping and secret-sharing decisions and predicted emotional …

An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis Of Displacement From Single Room Occupancy (Sro) Housing, Camilla Cummings

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Single Room Occupancy (SRO) housing is typically the most affordable and attainable form of housing for low-income people and is often located in desirable areas with access to social infrastructure. Literature shows SRO tenants are marginalized related to their social positionalities (i.e., they are disproportionately Black, elderly, more likely to have mental illness, and be in recovery from substance or alcohol use). Unfortunately, SRO housing has been increasingly lost to for-profit developers. The current study employed a community-based participatory action research approach and qualitative design to explore the subjective experiences of SRO residents’ displacement. An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis approach was …

Black Adolescent Self-Perceptions: The Roles Of Ethnic Identity And Stress Exposure, Kailyn Bare

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

The effects of stressors during youth and adolescence have long been investigated as powerful experiences affecting adjustment and well-being. Stressful life events predict a range of psychological and physical outcomes, but their impact on adolescent self-perception has yet to be studied thoroughly. Adolescent strengths, such as ethnic identity, may serve as protection from threats and warrant exploration. Using resilience theory (Fergus & Zimmerman, 2005) and a stressor model of adolescent development (Grant et al., 2003), this study examines the influence of ethnic identity in the relationship between youth stressful experiences and different types of self-perception (social competence, behavioral conduct, and …

A Longitudinal Analysis Of The Impact Of Daily Hassles, Life Stressors, And Chronic Medical Conditions On Salivary Alpha Amylase In Young Adults, Anjana Jagpal

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Young adulthood is a critical point of transition accompanied by a number of different stressors. Exposure to a stressor activates two systems – the hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) and sympathetic adrenal medullary (SAM) system. Research has primarily examined HPA axis and its corresponding stress hormone, salivary cortisol with little attention on sympathetic nervous system (SNS) markers. However, emerging research has proposed salivary alpha amylase (sAA) as a potential surrogate for SNS activity. The existing neuroendocrine research on sAA has largely focused on acute stressors and it is important to understand how sAA behaves in response to different levels of stressors …

Examining Psychosocial Interventions For Refugees From Asia: A Meta-Analysis And Systematic Review On Efficacy, Effectiveness, And Cultural Tailoring, Mengxue (Fiona) Sun

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Background: Internally displaced persons (IDPs), refugees, and asylum seekers who have experienced forced migration are at a disproportionate disadvantage of experiencing distress and developing mental health problems. Research on psychosocial interventions for refugees indicated positive findings on symptom improvement in depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and anxiety. However, previous meta-analyses and systematic reviews have primarily focused on randomized control trials (RCTs) to the exclusion of a large body of intervention research. In addition, many previous reviews have included studies that targeted at specific treatment types (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative review therapy) or specific mental diagnoses (e.g., major depressive disorder, posttraumatic …

An Evaluation Of Reciprocal Associations Across The Mentoring Relationship For Mentors And Mentees With Attachment Needs, Molly Cory

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Mentoring programs are a popular approach for supporting low-income youth by providing them with an adult mentor who is intended to be a positive role model and fulfill unmet attachment needs. Low-income youth who become mentees are often understood through an attachment lens and treated as the focus of any mentoring intervention. Although significant research has been devoted to understanding the impact of the mentoring relationship on mentees, the function of the mentoring relationship for mentees remains unclear. Some studies have found direct effects of the mentoring relationship on mentee emotional and behavioral outcomes, while other studies have suggested indirect …

A Survey Of School Psychologists To Promote Support For Developing Self-Advocacy Skills In Students With Disabilities, Kiarra K. Steer

Educational Specialist, 2020-current

Self-advocacy is a critical skill for effective communication and for individual assertion of interests, needs, and rights (Hengen & Weaver, 2018). It is especially important for people with disabilities to be able to self-advocate, which includes understanding their own abilities and rights and being able to voice when they need assistance or when their rights are being violated (Hengen & Weaver, 2018).

Even though self-advocacy has been determined to be a necessary skill for students with disabilities to develop, research indicates that self-advocacy instruction is often not provided to students with disabilities. Furthermore, while researchers have shown that teaching students …