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2022

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Articles 3541 - 3570 of 4089

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Before Witnessing A Crime, Eyewitnesses Possess A Negative Confidence-Accuracy Correlation, Trent Lindsey Jan 2022

Before Witnessing A Crime, Eyewitnesses Possess A Negative Confidence-Accuracy Correlation, Trent Lindsey

CMC Senior Theses

The ability to determine the accuracy of eyewitnesses has been explored by many researchers. During the exploration, they examined the correlation between the eyewitness’s confidence and the accuracy of the identification. Wixted and Wells (2017) determined that the strongest confidence-accuracy correlation occurred immediately after identifying a suspect. However, are there other times that a “strong” correlation occurs? At least 120 participants (n 120) were assigned into one of three condition groups: post-identification only, pre-crime/post- identification, and pre/post-identification. Depending on the condition group, participants provided confidence assessments in their ability to identify the correct culprit at different times during the experiment. …

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Masochistic Drive & Horror, Anne Farley Jan 2022

Masochistic Drive & Horror, Anne Farley

CMC Senior Theses

Human nature is inherently masochistic, meaning we self gratify through the means of some type of self-harm. The term masochism usually refers to sexual tendencies, but in this paper, it will be used as a reference to some sort of self-infliction of pain whether it be mental or physical. It is rare that we, as individuals, do not partake in masochism on a daily basis. When we engage in an activity or task that inflicts a type of pain, or stress on our bodies and mind, we are rewarded with gratification. This can be observed in gym-goers, individuals who thrive …

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Cross-Cultural Examination Of Vacation Policy On Employee Satisfaction And Happiness, Ketan D. Parekh Jan 2022

Cross-Cultural Examination Of Vacation Policy On Employee Satisfaction And Happiness, Ketan D. Parekh

CMC Senior Theses

With the advent of technological advancement, entrepreneurship, and a higher emphasis on meritocracy, societies across the globe have experienced intense competition to outdo one another. This has pushed companies to place increased importance on worker productivity; large and small companies want to see their employees work harder, longer, and faster. With this increased demand for work, companies today are making sure they have suitable reward systems to ensure worker satisfaction and quality work production. However, what these reward systems look like and how they function contrast significantly across cultures, especially as it pertains to corporate leave policies. This thesis examines …

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Using Agile Principles To Implement Workplace Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion Best Practices, Jennifer Bernardez Jan 2022

Using Agile Principles To Implement Workplace Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion Best Practices, Jennifer Bernardez

CMC Senior Theses

Companies understand the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in the workplace and are willing to invest to achieve successful DEI results. Unfortunately, the results of these efforts have been inconsistent at best. Over the last twenty years, companies have successfully applied Agile principles to to achieve successful project management results. This paper describes how to apply Agile principles to DEI initiatives. Additionally, a practical model for achieving DEI results in the areas of hiring, onboarding, employee retention, and assessment, has been developed and is presented. Application of this innovative model will help companies achieve desired results from investments …

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Source Credibility And Persuasive Communication: Effects On Social Media Influencers, Influencer Marketing, And Consumer Attitude Change, Isabelle Jia Jan 2022

Source Credibility And Persuasive Communication: Effects On Social Media Influencers, Influencer Marketing, And Consumer Attitude Change, Isabelle Jia

CMC Senior Theses

Social psychology has long been researching how source credibility influences persuasive communication. With the world transitioning into a society interested in digital consumption, communication, and connection, this paper serves as a literature review of how different characteristics of source credibility can aid influencer credibility through various modes of social media messaging. The examination of three source credibility characteristics: 1) expertise, 2) trustworthiness, and 3) likability showcase how social media influencers can establish credibility with their consumers and build further connections with them. The results underline the importance of source credibility in influencing consumer attitude change and behavior over continued exposure …

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Outside The Box: Using A Sibling Training Protocol To Increase Imaginative Play Among Autistic Children, Rachel Podl Jan 2022

Outside The Box: Using A Sibling Training Protocol To Increase Imaginative Play Among Autistic Children, Rachel Podl

CMC Senior Theses

Autistic children seldom develop imaginary play skills. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of therapist and parent training interventions to increase imaginative play among autistic children. However, few studies have utilized a sibling training model, especially when tackling the complexities of pretend play. The purpose of this study is to examine a sibling training program as a supported intervention for increasing imaginative play among autistic children. The results indicated that the sibling training program was effective in increasing the imaginative play of autistic children. This study demonstrates the importance of incorporating typically developing siblings as change agents in behavioral interventions …

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Anxiety, Depression, Immunity, Quality Of Life, And Cannabis In Appalachia, Matthew Ian Frazier Ostrander Jan 2022

Anxiety, Depression, Immunity, Quality Of Life, And Cannabis In Appalachia, Matthew Ian Frazier Ostrander

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

As decriminalization of cannabis in the United States increases, understanding how cannabis use may alter physical and mental health is important. The Appalachian Mountain region is an area with poor support systems, stigma against mental health, and historic drug use problems, resulting in residents being more vulnerable to societal change. The theoretical framework for this research is psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), which is the study of the interconnections between psychology, neurology, and immunology as a holistic approach to health. Via SurveyMonkey, 160 participants completed the study, and data were based on self-reporting of cannabis use patterns in relation to anxiety, depression, immunity, …

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Development Of A New Measure To Assess For Poverty-Based Stress: The Poverty-Based Stressor Scale (Pbss), Brianna N. Allen Jan 2022

Development Of A New Measure To Assess For Poverty-Based Stress: The Poverty-Based Stressor Scale (Pbss), Brianna N. Allen

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Poverty, typically measured by economic well-being or depravation, is the result of systemic flaws built into the structure of society that adversely impact multiple dimensions of health and well-being. The specific stressors that disproportionately impact low-income individuals are called poverty-based stressors, and they encompass multiple categories of risk including physical, psychosocial, and financial risks. Currently, there is not an adequate measure of poverty-based stressors for low-income adults in the United States (U.S.), which restricts our ability to accurately determine the effects of poverty on important health-related outcomes. The purpose of this dissertation was to develop a psychometrically sound measure of …

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The Effect Of Magnitude And Probability On Plea Bargain Decision-Making, Megan L. Small Jan 2022

The Effect Of Magnitude And Probability On Plea Bargain Decision-Making, Megan L. Small

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Decision-making is studied in various aspects of life and can be especially vital in the context of the criminal justice system, such as plea bargains. Previous research in this area used a less commonly used task (fill-in-the-blank) in addition to a student sample (Falligant & Pence, 2019). The current study uses probability discounting to study the choice between accepting a plea bargain for a shorter incarceration sentence or risking a trial with a longer sentence on a sample of adults with experience in the criminal justice system. Three sentence durations, or magnitudes, were used (1 year, 5 years, and 25 …

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Factors Associated With Intention To Disclose Concussive Symptoms In Active Duty Soldiers, Carly Beck Jan 2022

Factors Associated With Intention To Disclose Concussive Symptoms In Active Duty Soldiers, Carly Beck

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Background: Concussion disclosure is a heavily researched topic, and while previous literature has explored predictors of concussion disclosure in numerous populations, research within the active duty Soldier population is limited. This study further explored predictors of concussion disclosure to a medical professional or leadership in the active duty Solider population through the lens of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Methods: A cross-sectional electronic survey was distributed to 181 active duty Soldiers. Descriptive statistics were used to report frequency of high intention to disclose concussive symptoms among demographics, and a multivariate regression model was used to assess significant predictors of intention …

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Appalachians’ Intentions To Use Online And In-Person Counseling, Jade Hollan Jan 2022

Appalachians’ Intentions To Use Online And In-Person Counseling, Jade Hollan

Theses and Dissertations--Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology

Appalachians face higher rates of mental health concerns, yet they are less likely to have access to quality treatment. Online counseling, counseling using videoconferencing technology, may provide a viable solution to narrow this gap. However, little is known about Appalachians’ intention to use in-person or online counseling. This study examined Appalachians’ (N = 490) intentions to use online and in-person counseling using the theoretical framework of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991). Results from structural equation modeling supported the indirect model for online and in-person counseling, where the associations between distal help-seeking factors (i.e., self-stigma, perceived stigma of …

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Applications Of The John Henryism Hypothesis: Mitigating Associations Between Incarceration, Drug Use, And Sex Partner Characteristics, Paris Wheeler Jan 2022

Applications Of The John Henryism Hypothesis: Mitigating Associations Between Incarceration, Drug Use, And Sex Partner Characteristics, Paris Wheeler

Theses and Dissertations--Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology

Individual risk behaviors are not enough to explain STI disparities among African American women. Effects of structural, social, and individual level risk factors may be mitigated by cultural factors that help increase resilience. The current study aimed to examine whether John Henryism Active Coping (JHAC), a cultural correlate marked by physical and mental vigor and self-determination, mitigates relationships between criminal justice status, crack cocaine use, and sex partner risk characteristics. Data were derived from a sample of African American women living in Kentucky (n=643). Ordinal logistic regression and stepwise linear regression analyses were utilized to examine whether interactions between criminal …

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Mental Health Professionals Working In Prisons: Their Perspectives On The Quality And Availability Of Treatment And Therapy For Mentally Ill Inmates, Tara Harvey Jan 2022

Mental Health Professionals Working In Prisons: Their Perspectives On The Quality And Availability Of Treatment And Therapy For Mentally Ill Inmates, Tara Harvey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The perspectives of mental health professionals who work with inmates who have serious and persistent mental illnesses is largely unknown. Prisons, law enforcement, and the courts may all benefit from understanding these perspectives regarding how to treat the mentally ill in the criminal justice system (CJS). Many studies (mostly quantitative) have been conducted to address the increase of mentally ill inmates and have focuses on different areas of this phenomenon. However, to date, no qualitative studies have been located that depict the perceptions of mental health professionals working in prisons and their viewpoints regarding this population’s access to quality and …

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Former Female Sex Workers’ Perceptions Of Spirituality In Exiting Sex Work, Lisa Diane Hall Jan 2022

Former Female Sex Workers’ Perceptions Of Spirituality In Exiting Sex Work, Lisa Diane Hall

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Exiting sex work is extremely difficult. Women trying to exit sex work experience cycles of exit and reentry until they finally succeed. Spirituality has been identified as one of the factors that contribute to the exiting process or that help in the decision of not returning to sex work. The purpose of this interpretative phenomenological analysis was to explore former female sex workers’ perceptions of spirituality during the process of exiting sex work. The integrated model for exiting sex work constituted the theoretical basis for this study. Data were collected from semistructured interviews with 15 adult former female sex workers …

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Phenomenological Perceptions Of Judges, Attorneys, And Victim Service Professionals Regarding Stalking Victimization, Julienne Long Jan 2022

Phenomenological Perceptions Of Judges, Attorneys, And Victim Service Professionals Regarding Stalking Victimization, Julienne Long

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Stalking is a public health crisis and a public safety issue. There is extant research on relationship violence, such as domestic violence and sexual assault; however, stalking is not generally the focus of practitioners. There are no qualitative studies on the perceptions of judges, attorneys, or victim service professionals regarding stalking victimization. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore how judges, attorneys, and victim service professionals perceive stalking victimization. Through a qualitative, phenomenological inquiry, six judges, six attorneys, and eight victim service professionals in the state of Ohio were interviewed. Systems theory was used as the theoretical framework. …

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Emotional Intelligence’S Impact On The Relationship Between Trait Anxiety And Veteran Reintegration To Civilian Life, Felicia Rapozo Jan 2022

Emotional Intelligence’S Impact On The Relationship Between Trait Anxiety And Veteran Reintegration To Civilian Life, Felicia Rapozo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Every year in the United States, over 200,000 individuals leave the military and begin their transition to civilian life, a period known as veteran community reintegration (VCR). A significant number of these individuals have reported VCR challenges, with a substantial number reporting mental health concerns. Recent studies have found that a number of individual differences (e.g., social support) can influence VCR challenges; however, no known studies have examined the influence of trait anxiety and emotional intelligence (EI) on VCR. Therefore, the purpose of this quantitative study was to address this gap by determining whether the relationship between trait anxiety and …

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Psychosocial Characteristics Of Health Care Providers Who Sexually Offend Minor Patients, David Richard Davenport Jan 2022

Psychosocial Characteristics Of Health Care Providers Who Sexually Offend Minor Patients, David Richard Davenport

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Male health care provider sexual misconduct with minor patients is an ongoing problem in the United States. Previous research has produced a scant amount of insight regarding the phenomenon, and there is a lack of causal model development. Multimodal self-regulation theory served as the guide for the research questions in this study, which explored the psychopathology, paraphilia, and negative childhood experiences of male U.S. health care providers who commit sexual misconduct against minor patients. The goal was to develop offender profiles for each of five health care provider groups. Exploratory research was used with a grounded theory design for data …

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The Transition From Service Member To Veteran Student, Charles Daniel Ensminger Jan 2022

The Transition From Service Member To Veteran Student, Charles Daniel Ensminger

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Colleges may not be prepared to support veteran students transitioning from the military to higher education, resulting in more significant attrition levels for veteran students struggling to adapt to their new surroundings. This qualitative phenomenological study examined the experiences of post-9/11 veteran students as they transitioned from the military to higher education and their involvement and interaction with cocurricular, extracurricular, and nonacademic programs during their first year of college. The research questions focused on how veterans-students described the transition from the military and into their first year of college. The theoretical framework was a combination of Bridges's transitional model, Astin's …

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Eye Movement Desensitization And Reprocessing As An Effective Treatment Approach With Traumatized Youth, Khilia Tyese Giacobone Jan 2022

Eye Movement Desensitization And Reprocessing As An Effective Treatment Approach With Traumatized Youth, Khilia Tyese Giacobone

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Trauma is anything that impacts an individual’s ability to cope. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an evidenced-based treatment for many psychological disorders resulting from traumatic stress; however, there is limited research supporting use with children and adolescents. The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate the relationship between EMDR treatment on the reduction of trauma symptoms in children and adolescents. This study was grounded in Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) theory. The research questions explored the relationship between EMDR as an effective treatment for youth who have experienced trauma. The variables considered the pre- and post-test scores on …

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Links Between Screen Tim, Montessori Preschool Exposure, And Working Memory, Paula Lyn Larsen Mamani Jan 2022

Links Between Screen Tim, Montessori Preschool Exposure, And Working Memory, Paula Lyn Larsen Mamani

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

A high-quality, foundational education offers lifelong benefits for young children. The problem is that working memory in pre-school-aged children is declining and could be impaired by the extraneous cognitive load imposed during engagement with screen media apps and/or preschool programs. Although the pedagogical practices associated with Montessori preschool programs have been found supportive of cognitive load germane to learning and improved working memory, they have not been fully considered in relation to preschoolers' screen media use. The cognitive load created by screen media apps could affect their usefulness as learning tools. The purpose of this quantitative study was to discover …

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Resources, Demands, Engagement, And Resilience As Factors Limiting Human Resource Professional Burnout, Pamela A. Maurer Jan 2022

Resources, Demands, Engagement, And Resilience As Factors Limiting Human Resource Professional Burnout, Pamela A. Maurer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Imbalances where job demands exceed available resources have been determined to cause employee burnout in the workplace. The relationship between job demands and available resources on burnout among human resource (HR) professionals has not been fully researched. Further, the impact of increasing available resources to meet job demands on fostering work engagement and supporting employee resilience to reduce burnout has not been fully explored. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine if job demands and available resources predict burnout among HR professionals. The framework was based on job demands-resources theory and conservation resources theory. The Job Demands-Resources Scale, …

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Black Female Students’ Perspectives And Experiences With School Resource Officers, Kimberly M. Redding Jan 2022

Black Female Students’ Perspectives And Experiences With School Resource Officers, Kimberly M. Redding

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Black female students are disciplined disproportionately compared to other female students in the Georgia public school system. Negative interactions with school resource officers (SROs) may leave Black female students feeling unsafe at school. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore seven Black female students’ perceptions and interpretations of their experiences with SROs in the school setting in the state of Georgia. Purposive sampling strategy was used to solicit Black female students ages 18 to 22; interviews were conducted via Zoom. Labeling theory and the theory of self-fulfilling prophecy provided the framework for explaining how Black female students …

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Built Environment And Well-Being Of Stem Women Employed In The Petroleum Sector, Natalie Robinson Jan 2022

Built Environment And Well-Being Of Stem Women Employed In The Petroleum Sector, Natalie Robinson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Male-dominated occupations have received increased attention concerning the environmental health and retention of its specialized workforce. Research studies on the impact of the environment suggest that ecological and infrastructure conditions of the workplace affect the psychological health and physical well-being of employees across both public and private industries. Presently, in the context of the oil and gas and engineering field, there is a literature gap in exploring whether workplace conditions or adverse circumstances in male-dominated built environments negatively affect the psychological well-being and retention of women employed in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) occupations. For the current qualitative study, …

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Narratives Of Adjustment And Adaptation Of Older Males With Life Sentences, John Taglianetti Jan 2022

Narratives Of Adjustment And Adaptation Of Older Males With Life Sentences, John Taglianetti

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe United States holds over 40% of the world’s population of men serving life in prison. There are far more men serving life today than the total prison population just decades ago. Scholarly debate research on the adaptation and adjustment of LWOPs is sparse, and very little literature was available from the inmates’ perspective. Most scholarly literature addressed stakeholders’ views on how the prison environment influenced adaptation. This research was designed to answer the LWOPs' perspective on adaptation and adjustment while imprisoned and how they described their present and ongoing adaptation and adjustment experiences. A narrative approach was used to …

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Online Dating Experiences With Filtering Profile Photos, Jamie Barrett Jan 2022

Online Dating Experiences With Filtering Profile Photos, Jamie Barrett

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This study is a qualitative, phenomenological analysis of male Tinder users’ experiences with women over-filtering their visual self-presentation on Tinder using augmented reality (AR) smartphone technology. Tinder users frequently discuss how their dates do not live up to their profile photographs once they meet face-to-face due to the proliferation of filtered photos on dating apps and social media to make themselves appear more attractive. Augmented reality, Tinder, social media, and smartphone filtering are all ingrained in pop culture, yet have not been previously studied. Eight male Tinder users were recruited and interviewed. Coding and thematic analysis were used in this …

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Assessing Relationships Among Autonomy, Supportive Leadership, And Burnout In Public Elementary Teachers, Jana Rose Benson Jan 2022

Assessing Relationships Among Autonomy, Supportive Leadership, And Burnout In Public Elementary Teachers, Jana Rose Benson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractStress and burnout among teachers are serious problems because of the negative consequences associated with them that have contributed to the current crisis in the American education system. Until the problems of teacher stress and burnout are understood and addressed, efforts to restructure American education cannot succeed. This study assessed the relationships among perceived autonomy, perceived transformational leadership style and burnout in public elementary teachers, and the moderating/mediating influence of teacher orientation (Montessori and traditional) on burnout levels. An integration of Maslach’s multi-dimensional burnout theory, self-determination theory, and the theory of transformational leadership formed the theoretical foundation of the study. …

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Perceived Social Support And Anxiety Among Informal Caregivers Of Individuals With Dementia, Latonya Cofield Jan 2022

Perceived Social Support And Anxiety Among Informal Caregivers Of Individuals With Dementia, Latonya Cofield

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractMany individuals who are diagnosed with some form of dementia are cared for by informal caregivers. Past research has indicated many of the caregivers have potential for encountering caregiver distress leading to physical and mental health deterioration. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact perceived social support may have on anxiety among the informal caregivers. Using the transactional model of stress and coping, this quantitative study examined the relationship between perceived emotional/informational social support, instrumental social support, gender, and anxiety among informal caregivers caring for individuals diagnosed with dementia. A correlational research design and the multiple linear …

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Stimulus Pairing To Condition Novel Reinforcers For Bermudian Participants With Autism, Jahnae Harvey Jan 2022

Stimulus Pairing To Condition Novel Reinforcers For Bermudian Participants With Autism, Jahnae Harvey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Reinforcement is crucial to an individual’s quality of life and acquisition/maintenance of novel skills, but a limited bank of reinforcers could lead to a reduction in engagement with pre-established reinforcers, reducing the motivational strength to contrive teaching opportunities, and increase maladaptive behaviors, self-stimulatory behaviors, or idle time. Though the stimulus-stimulus paring (SSP) method has been effective in establishing novel reinforcers for individuals who are diagnosed with autism, there is a gap in the literature on cross-cultural variations seen among responses when using SSP. This study was conducted to determine the generalizability of the effect when using the method of SSP …

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Moral Distress Experienced By Behavioral Health Clinicians Who Have Worked With Maternal, Opioid-Using Clients, Jill Lee-Hubble Jan 2022

Moral Distress Experienced By Behavioral Health Clinicians Who Have Worked With Maternal, Opioid-Using Clients, Jill Lee-Hubble

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Moral distress (MD) is a concept that has been well studied in nursing and other medical fields as a precursor to provider burnout. Understanding how MD impacts behavioral health (BH) clinicians provides insights for counselor educators and supervisors to identify clinical situations that often lead to MD. This qualitative phenomenological study explored how MD was experienced by five BH clinicians who have worked in residential and hospital settings providing counseling to maternal, opioid-using clients. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) informed the research methodology and data analysis. Substance use during pregnancy is highly stigmatized in society; thus, a feminist conceptualization was integrated …

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The Relationship Between Internet Livestream Religious Engagement And Social Support And Health-Related Quality Of Life, Kimberly Ann Mccowan Jan 2022

The Relationship Between Internet Livestream Religious Engagement And Social Support And Health-Related Quality Of Life, Kimberly Ann Mccowan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractReligious engagement is essential in terms of offering protective factors for mental and physical health. However, religious engagement has changed, and religious affiliation has decreased over the last decade. This change in religious practice is represented by a decline in religious engagement via disaffiliation of traditional brick and mortar forms of religious activity, with an emerging phenomenon of religious engagement on the Internet. This engagement leads to a gap within the literature regarding Internet-centric religious behaviors. The study aimed to fill this gap by increasing societal understanding of religious engagement behaviors on the Internet. Social support was used to explain …

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