Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Psychology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2021

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 3421 - 3450 of 3984

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Psychotherapy With Nonreligious Clients: A Relational-Cultural Approach, Dena M. Abbott Jan 2021

Psychotherapy With Nonreligious Clients: A Relational-Cultural Approach, Dena M. Abbott

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

In extant literature related to the integration of religion/spirituality (R/S) in psychotherapy, nonreligious clients are often excluded or briefly mentioned. Further, few theoretical frameworks supporting recommendations for intervention with or for conceptualization of nonreligious clients’ unique experiences and presenting concerns are offered. The present article summarizes psychotherapy-relevant scholarship related to nonreligious people in the United States and offers recommendations for intervention using a Relational-Cultural Therapy approach. In addition to increasing awareness of systemic oppression, resilience, and potential clinical needs of nonreligious clients, the article proposes concrete strategies for addressing structural inequity that disadvantages nonreligious people through conceptualization of such experiences …

Go to article

Excluder: An R Package That Checks For Exclusion Criteria In Online Data, Jeffrey R. Stevens Jan 2021

Excluder: An R Package That Checks For Exclusion Criteria In Online Data, Jeffrey R. Stevens

Jeffrey Stevens Publications

Collecting survey data online can result in low-quality data. Survey participants may not complete the survey, may complete the survey too quickly or slowly, may not reside in the country they claim, or may use unacceptable screen types. Also, online surveys are plagued by automated bots attempting to complete the surveys while offering worthless data. Researchers collecting online data may want to check their data for these and other potential criteria to exclude problematic data entries. The excluder package uses three main function types to mark, check, and exclude data based on seven different exclusion criteria.

Go to article

Improving Measurements Of Similarity Judgments With Machine-Learning Algorithms, Jeffrey R. Stevens, Alexis Polzkill Saltzman, Tanner Rasmussen, Leen-Kiat Soh Jan 2021

Improving Measurements Of Similarity Judgments With Machine-Learning Algorithms, Jeffrey R. Stevens, Alexis Polzkill Saltzman, Tanner Rasmussen, Leen-Kiat Soh

Jeffrey Stevens Publications

Intertemporal choices involve assessing options with different reward amounts available at different time delays. The similarity approach to intertemporal choice focuses on judging how similar amounts and delays are. Yet we do not fully understand the cognitive process of how these judgments are made. Here, we use machine-learning algorithms to predict similarity judgments to (1) investigate which algorithms best predict these judgments, (2) assess which predictors are most useful in predicting participants’ judgments, and (3) determine the minimum number of judgments required to accurately predict future judgments. We applied eight algorithms to similarity judgments for reward amount and time delay …

Go to article

Exercise Shifts Hypothetical Food Choices Toward Greater Amounts And More Immediate Consumption, Karsten Koehler, Safiya E. Beckford, Elise Thayer, Alexandra R. Martin, Julie B. Boron, Jeffrey R. Stevens Jan 2021

Exercise Shifts Hypothetical Food Choices Toward Greater Amounts And More Immediate Consumption, Karsten Koehler, Safiya E. Beckford, Elise Thayer, Alexandra R. Martin, Julie B. Boron, Jeffrey R. Stevens

Jeffrey Stevens Publications

Although exercise modulates appetite regulation and food intake, it remains poorly understood how exercise impacts decision-making about food. The purpose of the present study was to assess the impact of an acute exercise bout on hypothetical choices related to the amount and timing of food intake. Forty-one healthy participants (22.0 ± 2.6 years; 23.7 ± 2.5 kg/m 2 , 56% female) completed 45 min of aerobic exercise and a resting control condition in randomized order. Food amount preferences and intertemporal food preferences (preference for immediate vs. delayed consumption) were assessed using electronic questionnaires with visual food cues. Compared to rest, …

Go to article

Emotional Dissonance And Exhaustion Among Library Professionals During Covid-19, Mubashir Majid Baba Jan 2021

Emotional Dissonance And Exhaustion Among Library Professionals During Covid-19, Mubashir Majid Baba

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a dramatic impact on societies and economies around the world. The virus is affecting millions of lives worldwide, not only physically but also emotionally in the form of panic attacks, obsessional behavior, anxiety, stress and fear. Library professionals are also exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and are facing high levels of stress and anxiety. The aim of this exploratory study was to analyze the association between emotional dissonance and emotional exhaustion among library professionals during COVID-19 and to study the impact of demographics on the variables under study. The data collected were analyzed using …

Go to article

Censored Data Considerations And Analytical Approaches For Salivary Bioscience Data, Hedyeh Ahmadi, Douglas A. Granger, Katrina R. Hamilton, Clancy Blair, Jenna L. Riis Jan 2021

Censored Data Considerations And Analytical Approaches For Salivary Bioscience Data, Hedyeh Ahmadi, Douglas A. Granger, Katrina R. Hamilton, Clancy Blair, Jenna L. Riis

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Left censoring in salivary bioscience data occurs when salivary analyte determinations fall below the lower limit of an assay’s measurement range. Conventional statistical approaches for addressing censored values (i.e., recoding as missing, substituting or extrapolating values) may introduce systematic bias. While specialized censored data statistical approaches (i.e., Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Regression on Ordered Statistics, Kaplan-Meier, and general Tobit regression) are available, these methods are rarely implemented in biobehavioral studies that examine salivary biomeasures, and their application to salivary data analysis may be hindered by their sensitivity to skewed data distributions, outliers, and sample size. This study compares descriptive statistics, correlation …

Go to article

Probabilistic Mapping Of Human Functional Brain Networks Identifies Regions Of High Group Consensus, Ally Dworetsky, Benjamin A. Seitzman, Babatunde Adeyemo, Maital Neta, Rebecca S. Coalson, Steven E. Petersen, Caterina Gratton Jan 2021

Probabilistic Mapping Of Human Functional Brain Networks Identifies Regions Of High Group Consensus, Ally Dworetsky, Benjamin A. Seitzman, Babatunde Adeyemo, Maital Neta, Rebecca S. Coalson, Steven E. Petersen, Caterina Gratton

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Many recent developments surrounding the functional network organization of the human brain have focused on data that have been averaged across groups of individuals. While such group-level approaches have shed considerable light on the brain’s large-scale distributed systems, they conceal individual differences in network organization, which recent work has demonstrated to be common and widespread. This individual variability produces noise in group analyses, which may average together regions that are part of different functional systems across participants, limiting interpretability. However, cost and feasibility constraints may limit the possibility for individual-level mapping within studies. Here our goal was to leverage information …

Go to article

Spring Break Or Heart Break? Extending Valence Bias To Emotional Words, Nicholas R. Harp, Catherine C. Brown, Maital Neta Jan 2021

Spring Break Or Heart Break? Extending Valence Bias To Emotional Words, Nicholas R. Harp, Catherine C. Brown, Maital Neta

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Ambiguous stimuli are useful for assessing emotional bias. For example, surprised faces could convey a positive or negative meaning, and the degree to which an individual interprets these expressions as positive or negative represents their “valence bias.” Currently, the most well- wellvalidated ambiguous stimuli for assessing valence bias include nonverbal signals (faces and scenes), overlooking an inherent ambiguity in verbal signals. This study identified 32 words with dual-valence ambiguity (i.e., relatively high intersubject variability in valence ratings and relatively slow response times) and length-matched clearly valenced words (16 positive, 16 negative). Preregistered analyses demonstrated that the words-based valence bias correlated …

Go to article

A Comprehensive Study To Delineate The Role Of An Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Microrna-29a In Chronic Methamphetamine Use Disorder, Subhash Chand, Austin Gowen, Mason Savine, Dalia Moore, Alexander Clark, Wendy Huynh, Niming Wu, Katherine Odegaard, Lucas Weyrich, Rick A. Bevins, Howard S. Fox, Gurudutt Pendyala, Sowmya V. Yelamanchili Jan 2021

A Comprehensive Study To Delineate The Role Of An Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Microrna-29a In Chronic Methamphetamine Use Disorder, Subhash Chand, Austin Gowen, Mason Savine, Dalia Moore, Alexander Clark, Wendy Huynh, Niming Wu, Katherine Odegaard, Lucas Weyrich, Rick A. Bevins, Howard S. Fox, Gurudutt Pendyala, Sowmya V. Yelamanchili

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which express a repertoire of cargo molecules (cf. proteins, microRNA, lipids, etc.), have been garnering a prominent role in the modulation of several cellular processes. Here, using both non-human primate and rodent model systems, we provide evidence that brain-derived EV (BDE) miRNA, miR- 29a-3p (mir-29a), is significantly increased during chronic methamphetamine (MA) exposure. Further, miR-29a levels show significant increase both with drug-seeking and reinstatement in a rat MA self-administration model. We also show that EVassociated miR-29a is enriched in EV pool comprising of small EVs and exomeres and further plays a critical role in MA-induced inflammation and …

Go to article

Factors Associated With Smoking In Low-Income Persons With And Without Chronic Illness, Monique T. Cano, David L. Pennington, Sara Reyes, Blanca S. Pineda, Jazmin Llamas, Vyjeyanthi S. Periyakoil, Ricardo F. Muñoz Jan 2021

Factors Associated With Smoking In Low-Income Persons With And Without Chronic Illness, Monique T. Cano, David L. Pennington, Sara Reyes, Blanca S. Pineda, Jazmin Llamas, Vyjeyanthi S. Periyakoil, Ricardo F. Muñoz

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION Tobacco disparities persist among low-income smokers who seek care from safety-net clinics. Many of these patients suffer from chronic illnesses (CILs) that are associated with and exacerbated by smoking. The objective of the current study was to examine the differences between safety-net patients with and without CILs in terms of nicotine dependence and related factors (such as depression, anxiety) and self-efficacy regarding ability to abstain from smoking. METHODS Sixty-four low-income smokers who thought about or intended to quit smoking were recruited from the San Francisco Health Network (SFHN) and assessed for CILs, nicotine dependence, depression, anxiety, and smoking abstinence …

Go to article

Reappraisal—But Not Suppression—Tendencies Determine Negativity Bias After Laboratory And Real‑World Stress Exposure, Candace M. Raio, Nicholas R. Harp, Catherine C. Brown, Maital Neta Jan 2021

Reappraisal—But Not Suppression—Tendencies Determine Negativity Bias After Laboratory And Real‑World Stress Exposure, Candace M. Raio, Nicholas R. Harp, Catherine C. Brown, Maital Neta

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Higher reactivity to stress exposure is associated with an increased tendency to appraise ambiguous stimuli as negative. However, it remains unknown whether tendencies to use emotion regulation strategies—such as cognitive reappraisal, which involves altering the meaning or relevance of affective stimuli—can shape individual differences regarding how stress affects perceptions of ambiguity. Here, we examined whether increased reappraisal use is one factor that can determine whether stress exposure induces increased negativity bias. In Study 1, healthy participants (n = 43) rated the valence of emotionally ambiguous (surprised) faces before and after an acute stress or control manipulation and reported reappraisal …

Go to article

Much Ado About Missingness: A Demonstration Of Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation To Address Missingness In Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data, Timothy D. Nelson, Rebecca L. Brock, Sonja Yokum, Cara C. Tomaso, Cary R. Savage, Eric Stice Jan 2021

Much Ado About Missingness: A Demonstration Of Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation To Address Missingness In Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data, Timothy D. Nelson, Rebecca L. Brock, Sonja Yokum, Cara C. Tomaso, Cary R. Savage, Eric Stice

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The current paper leveraged a large multi-study functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) dataset (N = 363) and a generated missingness paradigm to demonstrate different approaches for handling missing fMRI data under a variety of conditions. The performance of full information maximum likelihood (FIML) estimation, both with and without auxiliary variables, and listwise deletion were compared under different conditions of generated missing data volumes (i.e., 20, 35, and 50%). FIML generally performed better than listwise deletion in replicating results from the full dataset, but differences were small in the absence of auxiliary variables that correlated strongly with fMRI task data. However, …

Go to article

A New Tool For Equating Lexical Stimuli Across Experimental Conditions, Evan N. Lintz, Phui Cheng Lim, Matthew R. Johnson Jan 2021

A New Tool For Equating Lexical Stimuli Across Experimental Conditions, Evan N. Lintz, Phui Cheng Lim, Matthew R. Johnson

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

In cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics, lexical characteristics can drive large effects, which can create confounds when word stimuli are intended to be unrelated to the effect of interest. Thus, it is critical to control for these potential confounds. As an alternative to randomly assigning word bank items to stimulus lists, we present LIBRA (Lexical Item Balancing & Resampling Algorithm), a MATLAB-based toolbox for quickly generating stimulus lists of user-determined length and number that can be closely equated on any number of lexical properties. The toolbox comprises two scripts: a genetic algorithm that performs the inter-list balancing, and a tool for …

Go to article

Does Self-Objectification Entail An Opposition Between Appearance And Competence? The Likert Version Of The Self-Objectification Questionnaire (Lsoq), Robin Wollast, Oliver Klein, Dawn M. Vanleeuwen, Sarah J. Gervais, Philippe Bernard Jan 2021

Does Self-Objectification Entail An Opposition Between Appearance And Competence? The Likert Version Of The Self-Objectification Questionnaire (Lsoq), Robin Wollast, Oliver Klein, Dawn M. Vanleeuwen, Sarah J. Gervais, Philippe Bernard

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

We propose a new method to test the reliability of Fredrickson et al.’s self-objectification questionnaire (SOQ). This scale being based on a ranking, traditional reliability estimates are inappropriate. Based on generalizability theory, we suggest to compute the reliability of each subset of questions related to physical appearance vs. physical competence separately in order to average them. We applied this method to a sample of female US undergraduates (n = 395) and evidenced that the reliability of the scale is very low (corrected Cronbach’s alpha = .31). We also noted that a large proportion of the sample (32%) failed to …

Go to article

A Global Collaboration To Study Intimate Partner Violence-Related Head Trauma: The Enigma Consortium Ipv Working Group, Carrie Esopenko, Jessica Meyer, Elisabeth A. Wilde, Amy D. Marshall, David F. Tate, Alexander P. Lin, Inga K. Koerte, Kimberly B. Werner, Emily L. Dennis, Ashley L. Ware, Nicola L. De Souza, Deleene S. Menefee, Kristen Dams-O’Connor, Dan J. Stein, Erin D. Bigler, Martha E. Shenton, Kathy S. Chiou, Judy L. Postmus, Kathleen Monahan, Brenda Eagan-Johnson, Paul Van Donkelaar, Tricia L. Merkley, Carmen Velez, Cooper B. Hodges, Hannah M. Lindsey, Paula Johnson, Andrei Irimia, Matthew Spruiell, Esther R. Bennett, Ashley Bridwell, Glynnis Zieman, Frank G. Hillary Jan 2021

A Global Collaboration To Study Intimate Partner Violence-Related Head Trauma: The Enigma Consortium Ipv Working Group, Carrie Esopenko, Jessica Meyer, Elisabeth A. Wilde, Amy D. Marshall, David F. Tate, Alexander P. Lin, Inga K. Koerte, Kimberly B. Werner, Emily L. Dennis, Ashley L. Ware, Nicola L. De Souza, Deleene S. Menefee, Kristen Dams-O’Connor, Dan J. Stein, Erin D. Bigler, Martha E. Shenton, Kathy S. Chiou, Judy L. Postmus, Kathleen Monahan, Brenda Eagan-Johnson, Paul Van Donkelaar, Tricia L. Merkley, Carmen Velez, Cooper B. Hodges, Hannah M. Lindsey, Paula Johnson, Andrei Irimia, Matthew Spruiell, Esther R. Bennett, Ashley Bridwell, Glynnis Zieman, Frank G. Hillary

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Intimate partner violence includes psychological aggression, physical violence, sexual violence, and stalking from a current or former intimate partner. Past research suggests that exposure to intimate partner violence can impact cognitive and psychological functioning, as well as neurological outcomes. These seem to be compounded in those who suffer a brain injury as a result of trauma to the head, neck or body due to physical and/or sexual violence. However, our understanding of the neurobehavioral and neurobiological effects of head trauma in this population is limited due to factors including difficulty in accessing/recruiting participants, heterogeneity of samples, and premorbid and comorbid …

Go to article

An Examination Of The Relations Between Emotion Dysregulation, Dissociation, And Self-Injury Among Dissociative Disorder Patients, M. Shae Nester, Bethany L. Brand, Hugo J. Schielke, Shaina Kumar Jan 2021

An Examination Of The Relations Between Emotion Dysregulation, Dissociation, And Self-Injury Among Dissociative Disorder Patients, M. Shae Nester, Bethany L. Brand, Hugo J. Schielke, Shaina Kumar

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background: Dissociative disorder (DD) patients report high rates of self-injury. Previous studies have found dissociation and self-injury to be related to emotional distress. To the best of our knowledge, however, the link between emotion dysregulation and self-injury has not yet been examined within a DD population. Objective: The present study investigated relations between emotion dysregulation, dissociation, and self-injury in DD patients, and explored patterns of emotion dysregulation difficulties among DD patients with and without recent histories of self-injury. Method: We utilized linear and logistic regressions and t-test statistical methods to examine data from 235 patient-clinician dyads enrolled …

Go to article

The Truth About Snitches: An Archival Analysis Of Informant Testimony, Jeffrey S. Neuschatz, Danielle K. Deloach, Megan A. Hilgartner, Melanie Fessinger, Stacy A. Wetmore, Amy B. Douglass, Brian H. Bornstein, Alexis M. Le Grand Jan 2021

The Truth About Snitches: An Archival Analysis Of Informant Testimony, Jeffrey S. Neuschatz, Danielle K. Deloach, Megan A. Hilgartner, Melanie Fessinger, Stacy A. Wetmore, Amy B. Douglass, Brian H. Bornstein, Alexis M. Le Grand

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Informants are witnesses who often testify in exchange for an incentive (i.e. jailhouse informant, cooperating witness). Despite the widespread use of informants, little is known about the circumstances surrounding their use at trial. This study content-analyzed trials from 22 DNA exoneration cases involving 53 informants. Because these defendants were exonerated, the prosecution informant testimony is demonstrably false. Informant characteristics including motivation for testifying, criminal history, relationship with the defendant and testimony were coded. Most informants were prosecution jailhouse informants; however, there were also defence jailhouse informants and prosecution cooperating witnesses. Regardless of informant type, most denied receiving an incentive, had …

Go to article

Job Seeking And Daily Workforce Experiences Of Autistic Librarians, Amelia Anderson Jan 2021

Job Seeking And Daily Workforce Experiences Of Autistic Librarians, Amelia Anderson

STEMPS Faculty Publications

Anecdotal accounts suggest that librarianship is a rewarding career for some autistic adults, though no empirical evidence exists to support such claims. Additionally, barriers may exist for autistic librarians, both in job seeking and in on-the-job experiences. As autistic adults are un- and underemployed more than their neurotypical peers, it is important to understand the role that libraries can play in supporting their employment. In this qualitative study, ten librarians with graduate degrees, who self-identify as autistic, describe their experiences in job seeking and daily working experiences in the library field through interviews in multiple formats. Results indicate issues around …

Go to article

Mood Judgments And Memory For Tunes: A Special Case Of Levels Of Processing?, Andrea R. Halpern, Esra Mungan, Zehra F. Peynircioğlu Jan 2021

Mood Judgments And Memory For Tunes: A Special Case Of Levels Of Processing?, Andrea R. Halpern, Esra Mungan, Zehra F. Peynircioğlu

Faculty Journal Articles

Although levels of processing (LOP) effects are well-established in memory research, beneficial effects of “deep” orienting tasks have rarely been reported in studies of tune memory. Our prior work implicated mood judgments as one candidate for a beneficial orienting task. The current series explored both the robustness and potential explanations for that enhancement. In four experiments, we varied type of processing tasks (including mood and other putatively deep/conceptual and shallow/ perceptual tasks) and the familiarity of the tunes in a recognition paradigm, which included “remember/know” judgments. Experiment 1, with low-familiarity tunes, revealed a LOP effect for two conceptual (mood, continuation) …

Go to article

I Saw Him First: Competitive Nonverbal Flirting Among Women, The Tactics Used And Their Perceived Effectiveness, T. Joel Wade, Maryanne L. Fisher, Elizabeth Clark Jan 2021

I Saw Him First: Competitive Nonverbal Flirting Among Women, The Tactics Used And Their Perceived Effectiveness, T. Joel Wade, Maryanne L. Fisher, Elizabeth Clark

Faculty Journal Articles

Here we explored nonverbal actions women use to flirt competitively against each other for the purposes of accessing a mate. We also investigated the perceived effectiveness of these competitive flirting actions. Using act nomination, Study 1 (n = 91) yielded 11 actions (eye contact with the man, dancing in his line of sight, smiling at him, touching him, giggling at his jokes, butting in between the other woman and the man, showing distaste for her, brushing against him, hugging him, flirting with other men, waving to him) for competitive flirtation against other women. Actions that signal possession (e.g., tie-signs) …

Go to article

Want To Hookup?: Sex Differences In Short Term Mate Attraction Tactics, T. Joel Wade, Maryanne L. Fisher, Catherine Salmon, Carly Downs Jan 2021

Want To Hookup?: Sex Differences In Short Term Mate Attraction Tactics, T. Joel Wade, Maryanne L. Fisher, Catherine Salmon, Carly Downs

Faculty Journal Articles

While a great deal of psychological research has been conducted on sex-specific mate choice preferences, relatively little attention has been directed toward how heterosexual men and women solicit short-term sexual partners, and which acts are perceived to be the most effective. The present research relied on an act nomination methodology with the goal of determining which actions are used by men and women to solicit a short-term “hook-up” partner (study 1) and then determine which of these actions are perceived as most effective by men and women (study 2). Using sexual strategy theory, we hypothesized that actions that suggest sexual …

Go to article

Toupee Or Not Toupee?: Cranial Hair And Perceptions Of Men’S Attractiveness, Personality, And Other Evolutionary Relevant Traits, T. Joel Wade, Maryanne L. Fisher, Rebecca L. Burch Jan 2021

Toupee Or Not Toupee?: Cranial Hair And Perceptions Of Men’S Attractiveness, Personality, And Other Evolutionary Relevant Traits, T. Joel Wade, Maryanne L. Fisher, Rebecca L. Burch

Faculty Journal Articles

The question of whether or not cranial hair affects perceptions of attractiveness, personality, career success, and other traits related to fitness for men in two populations was investigated in two experiments. Experiment 1 used a 2 (race) × 2 (cranial hair of man) design, and examined attractiveness, fitness, and socially desirable personality measures. Experiment 2 used a 2 (race) × 2 (cranial hair) design to determine perceived attractiveness, fitness-related traits, and the Big-5 dimensions of personality. Amount of cranial hair did not affect personality ratings on the dimensions of the Big-5 but did affect perceived socially desired aspects of personality …

Go to article

The Moderating Role Of Mindful Awareness In The Associations Of Adverse Childhood Experiences And Coronavirus Exposure With Sleep Patterns, Shyanne Faith Sporrer Jan 2021

The Moderating Role Of Mindful Awareness In The Associations Of Adverse Childhood Experiences And Coronavirus Exposure With Sleep Patterns, Shyanne Faith Sporrer

Honors Program Theses

Although many studies have focused on the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and sleep outcomes (Chapman et al., 2011; Kajeepeta et al., 2015), the role of mindful awareness has not been explored in this interaction. Additionally, few studies have explored the impact of COVID-19 on sleep outcomes. The current study worked to bridge these gaps in the current literature. Data in this study was collected by asking students at the University of Northern Iowa to self-report their current sleep patterns, exposure to COVID-19, and mindful awareness while retrospectively reporting their past ACEs (N = 143). Past literature in …

Go to article

Exploring Eating Disorders In Athletes: A Literature Review And Analysis Of Prevention Strategies, Emily Schotzko Jan 2021

Exploring Eating Disorders In Athletes: A Literature Review And Analysis Of Prevention Strategies, Emily Schotzko

Honors Program Theses

Both clinical and subclinical eating disorders (ED) are marked by body image disturbance and preoccupation with food, weight, and body shape, and lead to harmful weight management behaviors if not prevented or treated (Bratland-Sanda & Sundgot-Borgen, 2013). While there is a multitude of risk factors that influence the likelihood of developing an ED, one particular factor that has garnered significant attention recently is participation in athletics. Studies show that while athletics can build self-esteem and promote overall well-being,there is evidence that athletes are at an elevated risk for ED development (Hinton & Kubas, 2005). Researchers suggest this risk can be …

Go to article

The Influence Of Gain-Loss Framing And Its Interaction With Political Ideology On Social Distancing And Mask Wearing Compliance During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jordan Steffen Jan 2021

The Influence Of Gain-Loss Framing And Its Interaction With Political Ideology On Social Distancing And Mask Wearing Compliance During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jordan Steffen

Honors Program Theses

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused millions of cases and over half a million deaths in the United States.While health experts urge citizens to adopt preventative measures such as social distancing and wearing a mask, these recommended behaviors are not always followed by the public. To find a way to promote preventative measures, the present study examined the role of gain-loss framing of COVID-19 related messages on social distancing and mask wearing compliance. Moreover, the study also tested potential moderating effects on framing with three individual characteristics: political ideology, subjective numeracy, and risk attitude. A sample of 375 U.S. adult residents …

Go to article

Reasons For Self-Mutilating Behavior In The 21st Century, Zhiqing Yaw Jan 2021

Reasons For Self-Mutilating Behavior In The 21st Century, Zhiqing Yaw

Honors Program Theses

Self-harm, also known as Self-Mutilating Behavior (SMB) has emerged as a major concern in this era of globalization as the prevalence rate of self-mutilating behavior has increased drastically. The statistic usually depends on self-report as SMB are often done in private. There was a total of one hundred and six participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) and each participant was given $1.00 for their time. The survey was administered via Qualtrics. In the result, 90 participants have reported to be involved in SMB and 67 were males while 28 were females. The age range of the participants were …

Go to article

Beliefs About Mental Illness In A Spanish Speaking Latinx American Sample, Michiyo Hirai, Serkan Dolma, Laura L. Vernon, George A. Clum Jan 2021

Beliefs About Mental Illness In A Spanish Speaking Latinx American Sample, Michiyo Hirai, Serkan Dolma, Laura L. Vernon, George A. Clum

Psychological Science Faculty Publications

The US Hispanic population is large and rapidly growing, with serious healthcare disparities. Alarmingly, 67% of Hispanic adults with a mental illness go untreated. Attempts to increase treatment rates have had limited success, likely partly due to stigma beliefs. There is an urgent need to develop and utilize a Spanish language stigma assessment tool. The current study is the first to do so, translating the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness (BTMI; Hirai et al., 2018) scale into Spanish (S-BTMI). Our psychometric findings with English-Spanish bilingual Latinx undergraduate students suggest that the S-BTMI can be a reliable measure of mental illness stigma. …

Go to article

Multicultural Education And Attitudes Towards Immigrant Groups In The United States, Anika Marie Lillegard-Bouton Jan 2021

Multicultural Education And Attitudes Towards Immigrant Groups In The United States, Anika Marie Lillegard-Bouton

Honors Program Theses

Individuals with higher levels of education tend to have more positive attitudes towards immigrant groups as well as immigration in general (Hainmueller & Hiscox, 2007). This study examined the relationship between one particular type of education and attitudes towards Arab, Chinese, and Mexican immigrant groups in the United States. As a part of a larger, ongoing study on attitudes of college students towards immigrant groups, participants completed measures of their multicultural education experiences. I hypothesized that individuals with higher levels of multicultural education experiences would report more positive attitudes towards Arab, Chinese, and Mexican immigrant groups and that attitudes towards …

Go to article

Stagnation In Psychotherapy: A Transtheoretical Approach, Kristine Mccormick Jan 2021

Stagnation In Psychotherapy: A Transtheoretical Approach, Kristine Mccormick

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

Doctoral training in clinical psychology emphasizes the importance of utilizing empirically supported psychotherapy methods in pursuit of effective psychotherapy. When treatment is stagnant or ineffective, the focus of training and supervision is often geared toward searching the evidence-base for alternative psychotherapy approaches, or referring to a provider with expertise in a specific method. Using a case example, this paper offers guidance on possible roadblocks to effective psychotherapy treatment, and clear areas to explore before concluding whether psychotherapy is the most helpful intervention for a patient.

Go to article

Redefining What's Manly: Using Masculine Attributes To Describe Counseling Services For Men, Riley Nicholas Rodemaker Jan 2021

Redefining What's Manly: Using Masculine Attributes To Describe Counseling Services For Men, Riley Nicholas Rodemaker

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Men are diagnosed with mental illness at a similar rate to women, and men deal with similar levels of impairment (Kessler et al., 1994). Despite this impairment, men do not seek help for their mental health as often as women do (Smith et al., 2013). One reason may be that counseling is seen as feminine. In this thesis, I describe an experimental study that examined the effect of using masculine attributes to describe counseling services on men’s attitudes. Adult male participants ages 18 to 35 (N = 818) read a short story that featured a conversation with a friend that …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last