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2021

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Articles 2191 - 2220 of 3984

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Kindergarteners' Symbolic Number Abilities Predict Nonsymbolic Number Abilities And Math Achievement In Grade 1, Nathan T. Lau, Rebecca Merkley, Paul Tremblay, Samuel Zhang, Stefanie De Jesus, Daniel Ansari Apr 2021

Kindergarteners' Symbolic Number Abilities Predict Nonsymbolic Number Abilities And Math Achievement In Grade 1, Nathan T. Lau, Rebecca Merkley, Paul Tremblay, Samuel Zhang, Stefanie De Jesus, Daniel Ansari

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Research has shown that two different, though related, ways of representing magnitude play foundational roles in the development of numerical and mathematical skills: a nonverbal approximate number system and an exact symbolic number system. While there have been numerous studies suggesting that the two systems are important predictors of math achievement, there has been substantial debate regarding whether and how these basic numerical competencies may be developmentally interrelated. Specifically, the causal direction of their relation has been the subject of debate: whether children's approximate number abilities predict later symbolic number abilities (the mapping account) or the other way around (the …


The Validity Of The Test Of Memory Malingering (Tomm) With Deaf Individuals., Cathy J Chovaz, V Lynn Ashton Rennison, Dominica O Chorostecki Apr 2021

The Validity Of The Test Of Memory Malingering (Tomm) With Deaf Individuals., Cathy J Chovaz, V Lynn Ashton Rennison, Dominica O Chorostecki

Psychology

OBJECTIVE: Administration of performance validity tests (PVT) during neuropsychological assessments is standard practice, with the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) being a commonly used measure. The TOMM has been well validated in hearing populations with various medical and psychiatric backgrounds. A major gap in the literature is the use of the TOMM amongst culturally Deaf individuals who use American Sign Language (ASL) as their first and preferred language. The purpose of this study was to explore the use of the TOMM with this population to determine if there may be differences related to the use of semantic knowledge and recall …


Depressive Cognition On Twitter., David J A Dozois Apr 2021

Depressive Cognition On Twitter., David J A Dozois

Psychology Publications

No abstract provided.


The Effects Of Virtual Panopticism, Emma E. East Apr 2021

The Effects Of Virtual Panopticism, Emma E. East

Selected Honors Theses

As technology further integrates into everyday life, the effects of technological advancement surface. The research contained in this thesis places philosopher Michel Foucault’s ideas of the panoptic, discipline, punishment and a carceral society in a virtual reality thus creating a virtual panopticon. Adapting Foucault’s theories to the present-day technological climate allows researchers to begin understanding the why behind humans’ interactions with various forms of technology (e.g. iPhone usage, Smart TVs, online banking, Alexa/Echo, etc.). Additionally, virtual panopticism sheds light on the corruption of those who manipulate information online to wield power, maintain control and make money. I discuss surveillance capitalism …


Evaluating Brain Performance Enhancing Drugs, Kristina Toropova Apr 2021

Evaluating Brain Performance Enhancing Drugs, Kristina Toropova

Open Educational Resources

Students read about drugs which enhance student academic performance.They will connect the found information to prior course material, addressing neuroanatomy and neurophysiology as well as connect to the attention course chapter. Students will also delve into the ethical components of the use of brain enchasing drugs and compare them to sports performance-enhancing drugs.


Child And Parent Psychopathology Predict Covid-19 Impact, Nada Kaissieh, Sara Bufferd Ph.D Apr 2021

Child And Parent Psychopathology Predict Covid-19 Impact, Nada Kaissieh, Sara Bufferd Ph.D

Undergraduate Arts and Research Showcase

Children appear to be a psychologically vulnerable population in global health crises; however, little is known about the role of pre-existing child and parental psychopathology in predicting impact on children and families during global stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health difficulties may worsen the impact of various stressors presented by a pandemic. In the present study, we hypothesized that greater parent-reported children’s internalizing behaviors during preschool age will predict worse impact during the COVID-19 pandemic during early school age, and that parental psychopathology will influence this association. Participants included 151 parents who completed assessments during Time 1 (when …


"Life Isn't Fair": Children Know What's Fair, But Expect Groups To Behave Unfairly, Savannah M Quach, Kriss-Ann Gayle, Megan Norris, Nicholaus Noles Apr 2021

"Life Isn't Fair": Children Know What's Fair, But Expect Groups To Behave Unfairly, Savannah M Quach, Kriss-Ann Gayle, Megan Norris, Nicholaus Noles

Undergraduate Arts and Research Showcase

Social mobility is partially based on access to economic and non-economic opportunities. Individuals from disadvantaged or minority groups often have difficulties with social mobility because they do not have equal access to opportunities. Early on, children develop the ability to form personal judgments about social groups and understand their own memberships within them (Patterson et al., 2016). Although children expect people to privilege their own group, they also value fairness (DeJesus, Rhodes, & Kinzler, 2013). Previous studies have focused on children’s understanding of resource distribution. In contrast, the current study examined what children think about opportunity distribution between majority and …


When Experience Does Not Promote Expertise: Security Professionals Fail To Detect Low Prevalence Fake Ids, Dawn R. Weatherford, Devin Roberson, William B. Erickson Apr 2021

When Experience Does Not Promote Expertise: Security Professionals Fail To Detect Low Prevalence Fake Ids, Dawn R. Weatherford, Devin Roberson, William B. Erickson

Psychology Faculty Publications (Archived)

No abstract provided.


The Effect Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Disordered Eating Behaviors, Casper Sturm, Chelsea Adams Apr 2021

The Effect Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Disordered Eating Behaviors, Casper Sturm, Chelsea Adams

Spring Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

The goal of this study was to evaluate whether people have exhibited more disordered eating behaviors (e.g. binging, restricting food, purging, etc.) during the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown. While the general survey evaluated these behaviors in a general sample, we were also interested in investigating if there was a difference in the change of these symptoms in people who had eating disorders before the onset of the pandemic. We predicted that there would be an increase in disordered eating behaviors as a result of the pandemic. We also predicted that people with pre-existing eating disorders would have experienced a …


Conspiracy Theories And Political Affiliation, Amanda Palmer, Tyler Duffer, Shannon Wilms Apr 2021

Conspiracy Theories And Political Affiliation, Amanda Palmer, Tyler Duffer, Shannon Wilms

Spring Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

For this study, we are addressing whether an individual who is more extreme in their political ideation is more likely to have a conspiracy mindset than individuals who identify as more moderate. We hypothesize that as political extremism increases among individuals, the likelihood of having a conspiracy mindset also increases compared to those who are more moderate. To test this prediction, we incorporated two preexisting questionnaires to gather information on political ideation and conspiracy beliefs.


Beliefs In Internet Use, Lauren Baird, Morgan Lovgren, Madaline Johnston Apr 2021

Beliefs In Internet Use, Lauren Baird, Morgan Lovgren, Madaline Johnston

Spring Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

For this study, we are addressing the question: Does internet adherence effect an individual's belief in conspiracy theories? We are predicting that individuals with a higher level of internet adherence will have a stronger belief in conspiracy theories, while individuals with a lower level of internet adherence will have less of a belief in conspiracy theories. To test this prediction, participants took two surveys which test these two variables. To measure an individual's belief in conspiracy theories, we used the Conspiracist Belief Scale questionnaire and the Items of Internet Use questionnaire to measure levels of internet adherence.


Correlations Between Interpersonal Trust And Agreeableness With Belief In Conspiracy Theories, Patrick Muse, Ivy Stevens, Sean Murphy Apr 2021

Correlations Between Interpersonal Trust And Agreeableness With Belief In Conspiracy Theories, Patrick Muse, Ivy Stevens, Sean Murphy

Spring Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

We encountered a disagreement in the literature related to this topic between whether agreeableness was a predictor of conspiracy beliefs or not. The purpose of our study was to determine whether interpersonal trust was a better predictor of conspiracy beliefs than agreeableness, the big five personality that trust is a part of. Our results supported this hypothesis, as trust was significantly correlated with conspiracy beliefs while agreeableness was not.


The Correlation Between Personality And Depression Experienced During The Covid-19 Pandemic., Mallory Talbert, Sydney Sommer, Samantha Mullally Apr 2021

The Correlation Between Personality And Depression Experienced During The Covid-19 Pandemic., Mallory Talbert, Sydney Sommer, Samantha Mullally

Spring Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

The purpose of this study is to find out if there is a correlation between personality, specifically extroversion and introversion, and levels of depression experienced during the Covid-19 pandemic. This was chosen because although pandemics are have occurred in the past, there is limited information on what this Covid-19 pandemic means for mental health. We hypothesized that there will be a positive correlation between extroversion and levels of depression experienced during the Covid-19 pandemic. We hypothesized this based on aspects of personalities and the restrictions and effects of the pandemic. Participants took two brief surveys, one based on the Beck …


Conspiracy Theories & The Mind: Personality Of Conspiratorial Beliefs, Tabatha Davis, Kayla Pittman, Lena Jordan Apr 2021

Conspiracy Theories & The Mind: Personality Of Conspiratorial Beliefs, Tabatha Davis, Kayla Pittman, Lena Jordan

Spring Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Conspiratorial thinking and beliefs, like many facets of an individual' life, are used oftentimes as an attempt to reason with the environment around someone, the acts of another, as well as many other current phenomena. However, despite conspiratorial thinking being used to explain certain facets of the world, there are still many strides to be made in attempts to find possible explanations of why conspiratorial thinking is the answer. In our research, we attempt draw correlations between The dark Triad personality traits and beliefs in conspiratorial thinking.


The Big Five Personality Traits And Peer Pressure During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Olivia Yslas, Samantha Buczek, Jade Oconnor Apr 2021

The Big Five Personality Traits And Peer Pressure During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Olivia Yslas, Samantha Buczek, Jade Oconnor

Spring Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

This study focused on the relationship between personality traits and specific social behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. We specifically looked at the Big Five Personality Traits and their relationship with pandemic-related social behaviors. We hypothesized that conscientiousness would serve as a predictor of one's social behaviors during the pandemic.


Influence Of Media Sources And Political Affiliation On Covid-19 Information Believability, Evelyn Weldon, Hayley Kassraie, Deyonce Brown Apr 2021

Influence Of Media Sources And Political Affiliation On Covid-19 Information Believability, Evelyn Weldon, Hayley Kassraie, Deyonce Brown

Spring Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

The goal of this research project was to see if one's political affiliation affected the news sources they read regarding their beliefs about COVID-19. Participants read the same article from one out of three news sources: Fox News, CNN, or no news source. Afterwords, they rated the accuracy of the article. We hypothesized that participants who read news from a source that aligned with their political affiliation were more likely to believe the information stated in that article than those who read from sources that did not align with their political affiliation.


The Effects Of White Noise Exposure On Cognition: An Examination Of The Impacts Of White Noise Presentation On Recall And Cognitive Load, Cordelia Ann Witty Apr 2021

The Effects Of White Noise Exposure On Cognition: An Examination Of The Impacts Of White Noise Presentation On Recall And Cognitive Load, Cordelia Ann Witty

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

White noise has historically been utilized as a tool for offsetting or masking sounds that may be perceived as disruptive, most commonly during the sleeping process. More recently, literature has begun to explore the possibility of using white noise as a tool to suppress these potentially distracting sounds within the area of cognitive processing. Present literature suggests that white noise may be a useful tool for masking noises like these in order to improve cognitive performance, especially for those individuals who may possess inattentive symptoms. However, this research has largely been conducted using tasks that involve working memory or visual …


Alcohol Use And Emotion Dysregulation In Adolescence, Shelby King Apr 2021

Alcohol Use And Emotion Dysregulation In Adolescence, Shelby King

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Underage drinking is a serious public health concern with magnified physical and psychological risks for adolescents. Consequences can include impaired judgement, increased risk for alcohol problems later in life, increased risk of physical and sexual assault, interference with brain development, injuries, and death (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 2021). In a 2019 survey, 29% of high school students reported drinking alcohol in the past 30 days (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020). Given the high rates of use and adverse effects associated with adolescent substance use, research on risk factors related to alcohol use among this age …


Becoming Psychologists: Barriers And Bridges Encountered By Deaf And Hard Of Hearing Students In Education And Training Settings, Deborah Schooler, Lori A. Day, Sheila Maynard, Ryanne Rosier, Ashley Pabon, Cara A. Miller, Kathryn Wagner Apr 2021

Becoming Psychologists: Barriers And Bridges Encountered By Deaf And Hard Of Hearing Students In Education And Training Settings, Deborah Schooler, Lori A. Day, Sheila Maynard, Ryanne Rosier, Ashley Pabon, Cara A. Miller, Kathryn Wagner

JADARA

Culturally competent mental health providers are needed to serve deaf and hard of hearing populations. This study used a mixed-methods approach to investigate deaf and hard of hearing students’ experiences of bias, affirmation, and program climate at a bilingual (ASL/written English) university. Results emphasized the importance of access to signed classroom communication and mentoring opportunities with deaf faculty. Participants also described extensive peer conflict, often centering on D/deaf identities, language use, and/or race. Participants also reported experiencing discrimination when seeking internships and externships and wished to see faculty actively engaged in resisting biases experienced during their training.


Emotional Support Animals For College Students: Do The Benefits Outweigh The Costs?, Sidney Street Apr 2021

Emotional Support Animals For College Students: Do The Benefits Outweigh The Costs?, Sidney Street

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Projects

Mental health problems have been drastically increasing in recent years among college students. Alongside the rising prevalence of psychological distress, universities have also experienced an increase in requests to have Emotional Support Animals (ESAs) live on campus. To date however, data are scarce on students’ experiences living with and around ESAs. The present study aims to investigate attitudes and perceptions about ESAs, in both owners of ESAs as well as students who do not own an ESA but have interacted with one. Specifically, owners were interviewed to find whether the perceived benefits of owning an ESA outweigh the associated costs …


Global Studies Initiative Faculty Report: Interdisciplinary Collaborations, Cristina Prestin-Beard Apr 2021

Global Studies Initiative Faculty Report: Interdisciplinary Collaborations, Cristina Prestin-Beard

Global Studies Initiatives in Social Sciences 2020 - 2021

No abstract provided.


Global Studies Initiative Faculty Report: Interdisciplinary Collaborations, Annie Mcmanus Apr 2021

Global Studies Initiative Faculty Report: Interdisciplinary Collaborations, Annie Mcmanus

Global Studies Initiatives in Social Sciences 2020 - 2021

No abstract provided.


Global Studies Initiative Faculty Report: Interdisciplinary Collaborations, Jennifer Gleason Apr 2021

Global Studies Initiative Faculty Report: Interdisciplinary Collaborations, Jennifer Gleason

Global Studies Initiatives in Social Sciences 2020 - 2021

No abstract provided.


The Influence Of Parent-Child Relationships On Female Sexual Functioning: A Review Of The Literature, Laura Tillman Apr 2021

The Influence Of Parent-Child Relationships On Female Sexual Functioning: A Review Of The Literature, Laura Tillman

Dissertations

This literature review is an examination of the impact of parental communication of sexual functioning in women. Women have many commonalities of sexual experiences and receive similar messages as children and adolescents in regards to their sexual behavior. Current attitudes towards women’s sexuality and sexual functioning and the outcomes that a lack of communication can warrant are areas of importance for this literature review. This Clinical Research Project (CRP) examines how frequently parents communicate about sexual topics with their child, how parents communicate, and parental feelings surrounding discussions. Parenting models and attachment styles are reviewed and how childhood experiences shape …


Wrath And Relationships: Homicide Weapon Choice And Victim Offender Relationships, Joseph Gonnella Apr 2021

Wrath And Relationships: Homicide Weapon Choice And Victim Offender Relationships, Joseph Gonnella

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence that victim-offender relationships and the event circumstances have on homicide weapon choice. From Cornish and Clarke’s Rational Choice theoretical perspective, offenders go through decision- making processes to determine which weapon will be the most effective to meet their goal, based on the circumstances of the event. This study examined the use of three weapon types: firearms, knife/ blunt objects, and personal weapons, amongst victim-offender relationships such as acquaintance, intimate, non-intimate family/friend, and strangers along with circumstances such as homicides committed as the result of a felony, and homicides committed as …


The Impact Of Parent And Peer Socialization On Juvenile Delinquency, Ebony I. Pender Apr 2021

The Impact Of Parent And Peer Socialization On Juvenile Delinquency, Ebony I. Pender

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

Juveniles often make decisions based on socialization and behaviors that are taught at a young age. Socialization experiences which can either protect or lead to adverse outcomes such as juvenile delinquency. It is extremely important to examine the role of socialization in delinquency due to the large number of youths currently involved in criminal acts. There are many violent and nonviolent crimes that are committed by youth under the ages of 18. For example, in 2018, there were 728,280 arrests of youths under the age of 18. A significant number of those, 46,410, were for violent index crimes with 141,500 …


A Case Study On The Application And Implementation Of Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports For Students With Emotional Disabilities In Alternative Education, Kira Candelieri Marcari Apr 2021

A Case Study On The Application And Implementation Of Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports For Students With Emotional Disabilities In Alternative Education, Kira Candelieri Marcari

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Alternative educational settings are serving students with emotional disabilities (ED) at an increasing rate; however, there a paucity of research examining the effectiveness of these programs. A review of the existing literature targeting students with problematic behaviors, supports the use of a positive, preventative, proactive, and systematic approaches such as the three-tiered, Positive Behavioral Interventions and Support (PBIS) framework. Although findings suggest that the PBIS framework is associated with favorable outcomes for students with ED in both traditional and nontraditional settings, few studies have explicitly examined whether PBIS can be effectively modified to fit the needs of students with ED …


The Emotional Deficits Associated With Traits Present In Primary And Secondary Psychopathy In Youth, Tai Lambert Apr 2021

The Emotional Deficits Associated With Traits Present In Primary And Secondary Psychopathy In Youth, Tai Lambert

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Social Comparisons In Those With Borderline Personality Disorder Traits: Merging Social Comparison Theory And Social Cognition In Borderline Personality Disorder, Lexie J. Duhon Apr 2021

Social Comparisons In Those With Borderline Personality Disorder Traits: Merging Social Comparison Theory And Social Cognition In Borderline Personality Disorder, Lexie J. Duhon

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Environmental Psychology: Open Syllabus, Valkiria Duran-Narucki Apr 2021

Environmental Psychology: Open Syllabus, Valkiria Duran-Narucki

Open Educational Resources

This is a syllabus designed to work as a "frame" that you can use and populate together with students. The goal is to provide a perspective from environmental psychology.