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2014

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Articles 1861 - 1890 of 2661

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Hyrbid Brainwriting: The Efficacy Of Alternating Between Individual And Group Brainstorming And The Effect Of Individual Difference Variables, Runa Korde Jan 2014

Hyrbid Brainwriting: The Efficacy Of Alternating Between Individual And Group Brainstorming And The Effect Of Individual Difference Variables, Runa Korde

Psychology Dissertations - Archive

Three studies were designed to test the efficacy of hybrid brainwriting procedures as compared to the traditional individual and group brainstorming. The hybrid brainwriting procedures were designed by alternating between individual and group ideation. The first study examined the effect of two hybrid procedures on quantity as compared to the individual brainstorming procedure. Starting the hybrid process with an individual brainstorming phase (AGAG) produced slightly more ideas than doing so with a group phase (GAGA). This hybrid condition (AGAG) was also significantly better than the alone condition. A second study was designed to compare the hybrid conditions to a group …


African American Families' Expectations And Intentions For Mental Health Services, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Richard Thompson, Barbara L. Dancy, Tisha R. A. Wiley, Sylvia P. Perry, Jason Wallis, Yara Mekawi, Kathleen Knafl Jan 2014

African American Families' Expectations And Intentions For Mental Health Services, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Richard Thompson, Barbara L. Dancy, Tisha R. A. Wiley, Sylvia P. Perry, Jason Wallis, Yara Mekawi, Kathleen Knafl

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

A cross-sectional qualitative descriptive design was used to examine the links among expectations about, experiences with, and intentions toward mental health services. Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 32 African American youth/mothers dyads. Content analysis revealed that positive expectations were linked to positive experiences and intentions, that negative expectations were not consistently linked to negative experiences or intentions, nor were ambivalent expectations linked to ambivalent experiences or intentions. Youth were concerned about privacy breeches and mothers about the harmfulness of psychotropic medication. Addressing these concerns may promote African Americans’ engagement in mental health services.


Effect Of Epic Panel Presentations On The Attitudes Of Emu Students Toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Individuals, Silvana Alfaro-Bordon Jan 2014

Effect Of Epic Panel Presentations On The Attitudes Of Emu Students Toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Individuals, Silvana Alfaro-Bordon

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals are affected by stigma in the workplace, health-care settings, their families, and their communities. Some people believe that being LGB or Tis unnatural. LGBT individuals are commonly stigmatized, which makes them feel rejected and disrespected for who they are. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Eastern Pride & Identity Coalition (EPIC) panels on the LGBT-related attitudes of students at EMU. EPIC is a group of students, faculty, staff, and community members who serve as a panel of individuals and go into classrooms to talk about their own experiences …


The Relationship Between Female Self-Objectification And Extra-Curricular Activities, Tanjare' C. Mckay Jan 2014

The Relationship Between Female Self-Objectification And Extra-Curricular Activities, Tanjare' C. Mckay

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

In contemporary society, women are free to adopt more flexible gender roles, ranging from those traditionally regarded as "masculine," to those considered more "androgynous," to more stereotypical female gender roles. Despite having greater freedom to adopt more diverse roles, some women continue to adopt traditional gender roles, in which self-objectification may persist. According to Calogero (2013), "self-objectification occurs when the objectifying gaze is turned inward, such that women view themselves through the perspective of an observer and engage in chronic self-surveillance" (p.312). The purpose of this study was to examine self-objectification among female students who participated in an extra-curricular activity …


Social Defense: An Evolutionary-Developmental Model Of Children’S Strategies For Coping With Threat In The Peer Group, Meredith J. Martin, Patrick T. Davies, Leigha A. Macneill Jan 2014

Social Defense: An Evolutionary-Developmental Model Of Children’S Strategies For Coping With Threat In The Peer Group, Meredith J. Martin, Patrick T. Davies, Leigha A. Macneill

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Navigating the ubiquitous conflict, competition, and complex group dynamics of the peer group is a pivotal developmental task of childhood. Difficulty negotiating these challenges represents a substantial source of risk for psychopathology. Evolutionary developmental psychology offers a unique perspective with the potential to reorganize the way we think about the role of peer relationships in shaping how children cope with the everyday challenges of establishing a social niche. To address this gap, we utilize the ethological reformulation of the emotional security theory as a guide to developing an evolutionary framework for advancing an understanding of the defense strategies children use …


Gaining Control: Changing Relations Between Executive Control And Processing Speed And Their Relevance For Mathematics Achievement Over Course Of The Preschool Period, Caron A. C. Clark, Jennifer Mize Nelson, John Garza, Tiffany D. Sheffield, Sandra A. Wiebe, Kimberly Andrews Espy Jan 2014

Gaining Control: Changing Relations Between Executive Control And Processing Speed And Their Relevance For Mathematics Achievement Over Course Of The Preschool Period, Caron A. C. Clark, Jennifer Mize Nelson, John Garza, Tiffany D. Sheffield, Sandra A. Wiebe, Kimberly Andrews Espy

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Early executive control (EC) predicts a range of academic out comes and shows particularly strong associations with children’s mathematics achievement. Nonetheless, a major challenge for EC research lies in distinguishing EC from related cognitive constructs that also are linked to achievement outcomes. Developmental cascade models suggest that children’s information processing speed is a driving mechanism in cognitive development that supports gains in working memory, inhibitory control and associated cognitive abilities. Accordingly, individual differences in early executive task performance and the irrelation to mathematics may reflect, at least in part, underlying variation in children’s processing speed. The aims of this study …


The Past, Present, And Future Of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation Research, Susan M. Sheridan Dr., Brandy L. Clarke, Kelly A. Ransom Jan 2014

The Past, Present, And Future Of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation Research, Susan M. Sheridan Dr., Brandy L. Clarke, Kelly A. Ransom

Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families, and Schools: Faculty Publications

Children’s developmental and educational outcomes are determined through a complex interplay of biological and eco-systemic variables. In order to best understand children’s educational success, aspects of home and school contexts have been examined, for they are the two most directly influential settings in a child’s life. Among ecological variables, key indicators of children’s academic success include family engagement and family-school partnerships (Christenson, 2004). When parents engage in supportive practices for their child’s learning, benefits for children, families, educators, classrooms, and schools are re-alized Oeynes, 2007). The relevance of families’ educational influence has been widely rec-ognized by educational institutions (e.g., Harvard …


The Influence Of Rurality And Parental Affect On Kindergarten Children’S Social And Behavioral Functioning, Susan M. Sheridan Dr., Natalie A. Koziol, Brandy L. Clarke, Kristin M. Rispoli, Michael J. Coutts Jan 2014

The Influence Of Rurality And Parental Affect On Kindergarten Children’S Social And Behavioral Functioning, Susan M. Sheridan Dr., Natalie A. Koziol, Brandy L. Clarke, Kristin M. Rispoli, Michael J. Coutts

Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families, and Schools: Faculty Publications

Research Findings: Children’s early academic achievement is supported by positive social and behavioral skills, and difficulties with these skills frequently gives way to underachievement. Social and behavioral problems often arise as a product of parent-child interactional patterns and environmental influences. Few studies have examined the role of a salient aspect of children’s environments, community locale, in the relationship between parenting practices and child outcomes. Using a large, nationally representative sample, we examined whether preschool parenting practices and children’s social-behavioral skills in kindergarten were related to geographic setting (rural vs. city, suburban, and town). Results indicated that rural children experienced …


Sociobiophysicality And The Necessity Of Critical Theory: Moving Beyond Prevailing Conceptions Of Environmental Sociology In The Usa, Alex Stoner Jan 2014

Sociobiophysicality And The Necessity Of Critical Theory: Moving Beyond Prevailing Conceptions Of Environmental Sociology In The Usa, Alex Stoner

Journal Articles

Today, to perceive the link between society and environment does not require that we engage in an effort of great abstraction. What remains paradoxical is that the intensity and scale of societally induced environmental degradation, which rose to historically unprecedented levels during the latter half of the 20th century, is synchronous with an equally impressive increase in public concern for and attention to the biophysical world. This article examines values-based and traditional Marxist-oriented approaches to environmental sociology in the USA in order to assess whether or not – and if so, how exactly – these approaches help us make sense …


Performing Collaborative Creativity: Learning From Diverse Experts Interacting In Ireland’S Science Gallery, Diane Tangney, Olivia Freeman, Brendan O'Rourke Jan 2014

Performing Collaborative Creativity: Learning From Diverse Experts Interacting In Ireland’S Science Gallery, Diane Tangney, Olivia Freeman, Brendan O'Rourke

Conference papers

This paper presents preliminary findings deriving from a larger project investigating the performance of collaborative creativity and is primarily concerned with describing the communication patterns of such performance. Interactions between different domain experts in Ireland’s Science Gallery, Trinity College Dublin, were observed and recorded over the course of four months in 2011. The interactions have been loosely transcribed using the basic principles of CA. Preliminary findings include three observations. Firstly, creative performances involve a type of content we call ‘idea talk’. Secondly, performances of creative collaboration involve variance, not equality, in participation by individual experts. Variance in participation in group …


The Effects Of Mood On Exhibiting And Experiencing Counterproductive Workplace Behaviors And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors From The Perspectives Of Faculty, Staff, And Students, Alaina Rodriguez Jan 2014

The Effects Of Mood On Exhibiting And Experiencing Counterproductive Workplace Behaviors And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors From The Perspectives Of Faculty, Staff, And Students, Alaina Rodriguez

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

We examined the extent to which counterproductive workplace behaviors and organizational citizenship behaviors were mood-contingent in a university sample. Sixty-four employees and thirty-nine students participated in online surveys measuring job affective well-being, organizational constraints, internal locus of control, interpersonal conflict at work, mood, counterproductive workplace behaviors (CWBs), and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Mood did not significantly predict OCBs, but students were more likely to engage in CWBs than were employees. The longer an individual was associated with the university, the more OCBs they exhibited, and organizational constraints significantly predicted CWBs. Factors potentially influencing these results are discussed.


Effects Of Accurate And Inflated Employee Performance Self-Evaluations On Memory Accuracy, Michelle E. Miller Jan 2014

Effects Of Accurate And Inflated Employee Performance Self-Evaluations On Memory Accuracy, Michelle E. Miller

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Previous research has emphasized the value of carrying out performance appraisals at work. Both employers and employees can benefit from utilizing such measurement tools (Huselid, 1995). While conducting performance appraisals is critical to the success of an organization, companies must also be wary of the misinformation effect and the impact it can have on different parts of an appraisal, especially an employee's self-evaluation. Due to the lack of existing research on the memory for self-evaluations, I designed the present study to identify the effects of both accurate and inflated self-evaluations on memories for the original event. After watching a video …


The Paradigm Of The Holocaust Will Not Last Forever, Richard A. Primus Jan 2014

The Paradigm Of The Holocaust Will Not Last Forever, Richard A. Primus

Book Chapters

In college I studied political theory. In class after class, I noticed that instructors and students alike regularly used the Holocaust as a way to test ideas. Any successful principle of political morality must show that the Nazis were wrong; any successful theory of political institutions must be structured to prevent Nazis from rising to power again. These were the implicit rules of the discipline. I preferred to argue in other ways. The Holocaust was personal, and too big to be put to use. Surely I could ground my ideas in something else, some problem or event other than the …


Psychopathy And The Hexaco Personality Model, M. Todd Lobrano Jan 2014

Psychopathy And The Hexaco Personality Model, M. Todd Lobrano

Doctoral Dissertations

Within the recently published DSM-5, alternative diagnostic criteria for personality disorders have been offered (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). These changes allow for a more dimensional diagnostic system than has been previously used while maintaining some aspects of a categorical system (Skodol et al., 2011). These changes also include a description of specific traits that characterize personality disorders and make it possible for measures of normal personality to have a more significant impact in their diagnosis. Relevant to the present study are the changes in the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy, considered by many to be an extreme …


Innovative Models Of Dissemination For School-Based Interventions That Promote Youth Resilience And Well-Being, A. Kranzler, L. J. Hoffman, A. C. Parks, Jane Gillham Jan 2014

Innovative Models Of Dissemination For School-Based Interventions That Promote Youth Resilience And Well-Being, A. Kranzler, L. J. Hoffman, A. C. Parks, Jane Gillham

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.


Reducing The Impact Bias In Colorectal Cancer Screening Expectations, Megan E. Wertheimer Jan 2014

Reducing The Impact Bias In Colorectal Cancer Screening Expectations, Megan E. Wertheimer

Student Summer Scholars Manuscripts

Past research has shown that when predicting how a future event will make them feel, people over-estimate the intensity and duration of their emotions, a phenomenon known as the impact bias. When it comes to deciding about colorectal cancer screening, older adults face many psychological barriers related to the anticipated embarrassment, disgust, and pain of screening. Qualitative research suggests these barriers may be characterized by an impact bias. In this study, 17 older adult participants were presented with a message about colon cancer and screening. We tested whether highlighting some participants’ adaptive potential would lower their expectations of intensity and …


Two Against Freud: Pinsky’S ‘Essay On Psychiatrists’ In A Philosophical Context, Brian Glaser Jan 2014

Two Against Freud: Pinsky’S ‘Essay On Psychiatrists’ In A Philosophical Context, Brian Glaser

English Faculty Articles and Research

This article offers a reading of Robert Pinsky’s “Essay on Psychiatrists” in the context of a contemporary theoretical work by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, Anti-Oedipus. I do not use the philosophy of Deleuze and Guattari to make interpretive comments about poetry, to identify or articulate meanings. Rather I read Pinsky’s poem in the context of the philosophy, noting points of agreement between the two texts, areas where the poetry works as a supplement to the insights of the philosophy, places where the poetry offers grounds for criticisms of the philosophy and times where there might be irreconcilable differences in …


The Will To Lead: The Dynamic Integration Of Intrinsic Motivation And Social Change Leadership, Joshua M. Garrin Jan 2014

The Will To Lead: The Dynamic Integration Of Intrinsic Motivation And Social Change Leadership, Joshua M. Garrin

Journal of Sustainable Social Impact

Discourse on the psychosocial substrates of human motivation reflects a hot-button theme in contemporary leadership research circles. For many aspiring leaders, role models and social support provide an undercurrent for instilling leadership attributes. Yet for others, the drive to optimize leadership potentials is a naturally occurring, internally guided event that is continually reinforced through self-regulatory processes. As such, questions remain as to which intrinsic motives underpin the leadership potentials that have implications for social change agency. To date, the extant literature fails to offer a comprehensive model that highlights (a) the self-motives that have preeminent applicability to intrinsic motivation, (b) …


The Power Of Workplace Wellness: A Theoretical Model For Social Change Agency, Joshua M. Garrin Jan 2014

The Power Of Workplace Wellness: A Theoretical Model For Social Change Agency, Joshua M. Garrin

Journal of Sustainable Social Impact

As millions of individuals face the complex challenge of adopting prohealth behavior as a core lifestyle attribute, there is an ever-increasing need to take an opportunistic approach to practicing and internalizing such behavior. Time constraints, prioritization, and time mismanagement widely contribute to the perceived inability of individuals to adhere to prohealth behavior. Given vocation as a demand that constitutes approximately one third of daily life activity, the organizational setting has emerged as a context that can potentially offer a vast array of viable workplace wellness (WW) opportunities. Such initiatives go beyond framing organizations as vehicles for health behavior promotion—instead, the …


The Role Of Spiritual Faith Healers In Reducing Or Reinforcing The Hiv Stigma: A Qualitative Study, Nkeke Lesolang Jan 2014

The Role Of Spiritual Faith Healers In Reducing Or Reinforcing The Hiv Stigma: A Qualitative Study, Nkeke Lesolang

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The role of spiritual faith healers in managing various conditions of ill-health has been studied and debated. The aim of this study was to explore spiritual faith healers’ understanding and conceptualisation of HIV/AIDS stigma and the role they play in reducing or reinforcing HIV/AIDS stigma in their communities. A qualitative approach, and in particular, the grounded theory methodology was used. The application of this methodology included personal interviews with eight practising spiritual faith healers in Limpopo Province (South Africa), while additional information was gleaned from the literature review. The researcher focused on the participants’ conceptualisation of HIV stigma, from the …


The African Conception Of Death: A Cultural Implication, Lesiba Baloyi, Molebogeng Makobe-Rabothata Jan 2014

The African Conception Of Death: A Cultural Implication, Lesiba Baloyi, Molebogeng Makobe-Rabothata

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

From an African perspective death is a natural transition from the visible to the invisible spiritual ontology where the spirit, the essence of the person, is not destroyed but moves to live in the spirit ancestors’ realm dead. It signifies an inextricable spiritual connection between the visible and invisible worlds. This chapter focuses on how traditional Africans conceive and deal with the bereavement process. We adopt the African worldview and philosophy as our framework. We dispute the often held view in mainstream psychology that behavior, in this case the concept of death and the bereavement processes have universal applicability, articulation, …


Emotional Display Rules Of Visually And Hearing Impaired Students, Anjali Ghosh Jan 2014

Emotional Display Rules Of Visually And Hearing Impaired Students, Anjali Ghosh

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The objective of the study is to understand the pattern of emotional display rules of visually and hearing impaired students towards different members of the society under two different situations i.e., private and public. This is to be studied for three emotions namely, happiness, sadness and anger. The Display Rule Assessment Inventory of Matsumoto Yoo, Hirayama, and Petrova (2005) was administered on all the participants. The overall expression of emotions varied from target person to target person and also from situation to situation. “Happiness” was observed to be expressed more by visually impaired than hearing impaired students towards parents, friends …


Could The Profile Of Orphans Represent The Javanese Position In The Indulgence Versus Restraint Culture Dimension?, Widya Risnawaty, Sri Tiatri, Tjibeng Jap, Sesilia Monika Jan 2014

Could The Profile Of Orphans Represent The Javanese Position In The Indulgence Versus Restraint Culture Dimension?, Widya Risnawaty, Sri Tiatri, Tjibeng Jap, Sesilia Monika

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Javanese culture (one of the cultural groups in Indonesia) emphasizes the importance of social norms and social consequences as a control to social behavior. The aim of this research is to study the dimension of restraint in the behavior and psychological dynamics of Javanese late adolescents, who live at two orphanages in Central Java. The participants are 40 male adolescents in the care of two public orphanage houses, with the age range between 12 to 19 years. The method used in data retrieval is qualitative, that is through observation, interviews, and drawing test. The results showed that the behavior and …


High Prevalence Of Dissociative Amnesia And Related Disorders In Immigrated People, Angelica Staniloiu, Hans J. Markowitsch Jan 2014

High Prevalence Of Dissociative Amnesia And Related Disorders In Immigrated People, Angelica Staniloiu, Hans J. Markowitsch

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Across various cultures, dissociative amnesic disorders have been shown to be triggered by psychological stress or trauma. In immigrant populations, stressful experiences can arise during pre-emigration, migration or post-migration phase. Preliminary data suggest that stresses related to various phases of migration and acculturation could trigger dissociative amnesic disorders via a dysregulation of hormonal stress responses. These findings are highly relevant in the era of increased globalization and call for culturally sensitive approaches, in order to accurately diagnose and optimally manage these conditions in the future.


Foreword, Leon Jackson, Deon Meiring, Fons Van De Vijver, Erhabor Idemudia, William Gabrenya Jan 2014

Foreword, Leon Jackson, Deon Meiring, Fons Van De Vijver, Erhabor Idemudia, William Gabrenya

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.


Overseas Assignments: Expatriate And Spousal Adjustment In The U.S. Air Force, Andrew R. Hayes Jan 2014

Overseas Assignments: Expatriate And Spousal Adjustment In The U.S. Air Force, Andrew R. Hayes

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The present study examined the relationship between cultural intelligence (CQ), expatriate and spousal/partner adjustment, and satisfaction with an overseas military assignment at a NATO Air Force base. Cultural Intelligence was measured using the Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS) by Ang, et al. (2007). Expatriate adjustment was measured using the Expatriate Adjustment scale by Black & Stephens (1989). Spouse/partner adjustment was measured using the Spouse Adjustment scale by Black & Stephens (1989). Satisfaction was measured with a 5-item scale developed by the researchers. All data was collected via an online survey. There were 178 Airmen respondents and 89 spouse/partner respondents. Significant, positive …


Video Game Self-Efficacy And Its Effect On Training Performance, Skilan Ortiz Jan 2014

Video Game Self-Efficacy And Its Effect On Training Performance, Skilan Ortiz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effects of using serious games for training on task performance and declarative knowledge outcomes. The purpose was to determine if serious games are more effective training tools than traditional methods. Self-efficacy, expectations for training, and engagement were considered as moderators of the relationship between type of training and task performance as well as type of training and declarative knowledge. Results of the study offered support for the potential of serious games to be more effective than traditional methods of training when it comes to task performance.


Recursive Complements And Propositional Attitudes, Jill De Villiers, Kathryn Hobbs, Bart Hollebrandse Jan 2014

Recursive Complements And Propositional Attitudes, Jill De Villiers, Kathryn Hobbs, Bart Hollebrandse

Philosophy: Faculty Publications

The focus of this chapter is in what role syntactic recursion might play in the representation of propositional attitudes. Syntactic complements under mental and communication verbs are recursive, and so also are the propositional attitudes. There is strong evidence that children take some time to master the first order syntactic complementation typical of verbs of communication. When they do acquire these structures, the evidence suggests that this helps children reason about propositional attitudes such as false beliefs. In this chapter we seek to deepen our understanding of the crucial property of sentential and attitude embedding. Is the crucial aspect that …


Same-Sex Couples' Lived Experiences Of The Repeal Of The Defense Of Marriage Act's (Doma) Section Three, Alicia Anne Bosley Jan 2014

Same-Sex Couples' Lived Experiences Of The Repeal Of The Defense Of Marriage Act's (Doma) Section Three, Alicia Anne Bosley

Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects

Same-sex couples are affected by the social and political climates in which they live, as these create the difference between acceptance and legalization, and discrimination and prohibition, of their relationships. This contingence is made increasingly impactful by the privileges and protections afforded to married couples by the federal government; same-sex couples, along with other couples that choose not to, or cannot, marry, are excluded from these benefits. Following the June 26, 2013 ruling that Section Three of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which defined marriage as between a man and a woman, was unconstitutional, same-sex couples were given access …


An Examination Of Coping With Career Ending Injuries- An Ncaa Division I And Ncaa Division Iii Comparison, Hayley C. Marks Jan 2014

An Examination Of Coping With Career Ending Injuries- An Ncaa Division I And Ncaa Division Iii Comparison, Hayley C. Marks

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Researchers have suggested that the way an athlete copes with the end of his or her career can be one of the most influential factors in how an athlete transitions out of their respective sport (Gardner & Moore, 2006). Moreover, an athlete is more likely to have sport transitioning issues if he or she sustains a career ending injury (Heil, 1993). Although this is the case, questions arise examining the coping styles and life impact career ending injuries may have on athletes who play at different levels. Sturm et al., (2011) suggested that the athletic identities of NCAA Division I …