Psychology Commons^™

War Powers In The American Constitutional Scheme: A Legal-Historical Inquiry, Max Guirguis

Commonwealth Review of Political Science

Since World War II, there has been a significant shift in the balance of war­ making power between the executive and legislative branches. Although the Constitution reserves the formal power of declaring war exclusively for Congress, modern presidents have increasingly mm·ginalized Congress in times of international tension or conflict by acting unilaterally without congressional authorization. Congress has lent impetus to this problematic trend by failing to take decisive action whenever its war-making power is usurped by the executive. The War Powers Act of 1973 has not been successful in curbing the exercise and expansion of executive war- making power because …

Power, Interdependence And Conflict: What Ir Theories Tell Us About China's Rise, Dr. James R. Masterson

Commonwealth Review of Political Science

This study examines the effects that economic interdependence (EI) hason political relations between China and its main trading partners. Five EI theories derived from the international relations literature are tested using data from King's 10 Million Dyad collection of political interaction along with economic data from the IMF and control variable data from Polity IV, COW CINC, among other sources.

Though a significant amount of literature addresses the effects trade has on conflict at the systemic level, few address it at the dyadic level and even fewer test the pacification of trade on non-Western states. This research examines economic, political, …

Federalism And Administrative Law: Regulatory Power And The U.S. Constitution, Ashley Ruggiero

Commonwealth Review of Political Science

This paper examines the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) and its impact on state authority and regulatory federalism. It contends that the Administrative Procedure Act of 1946 transformed traditional ideals of federalism and paved the way for the more centralized administrative process we know today. The paper begins by providing a brief history and breakdown of the act and proceeds to consider key Supreme Court cases. It concludes with an assessment of the Administrative Procedure Act's impact on the American political system, especially as it pertains to federalism, checks and balances, and the potential for fraud and corruption in vast federal …

Roger Sherman And Federalism: The Transition From The Articles Of Confederation To The U.S. Constitution, Autumn Baker

Commonwealth Review of Political Science

This study examines the religiosity, political career, and political thought of Roger Sherman. Sherman had a profound impact on the American Republic and American Federalism. The study concludes that as a Puritan descendant and devout Congregationalist, Roger Sherman's religious convictions explain his political principles.

Changes In Cerebral White Matter, Vascular Risk And Cognition Across The Adult Lifespan, Andrew Robert Bender

Wayne State University Dissertations

Numerous studies over the past decade have used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine associations between age, diffusion and anisotropy measures of cerebral white matter (WM), and cognitive performance. However, few have examined relationships between intra-individual change in DTI measures of WM and cognitive function. It is possible that the extant cross-sectional findings are a poor representation of age-related change in WM and cognition. The present study used latent difference-score modeling (LDM) to assess change over two years in DTI indices fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (DR), axial diffusivity (DA) and mean diffusivity (MD). In addition, we examined the effects …

Does The Leader Fit The Place? Examining Leader-Culture Fit And Its Implications For Leader Effectiveness, Benjamin John Biermeier-Hanson

Wayne State University Dissertations

The present study focused on a relatively new concept, Leader-Culture Fit (L-C Fit), to help bridge the empirical gap that exists between the literatures on leadership and organizational culture. L-C Fit, a subtype of Person-Environment fit, was examined here by testing the complex relationships between perceptions of leaders, perceptions of their cultures, and how the fit between the two relates to leader effectiveness. The present study found that fit (and misfit) between a leader and their culture for perceived leader effectiveness. Specifically, fit is beneficial for perceived leader effectiveness when the leader and the culture are in alignment and are …

Mexican-Origin Parents’ Latent Occupational Profiles: Associations With Parent-Youth Relationships And Youth Aspirations, Lorey A. Wheeler, Kimberly A. Updegraff, Adriana Umana-Taylor, Jenn-Yun Tein

Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families, and Schools: Faculty Publications

This study utilized an ecological, person-centered approach to identify subgroups of families who had similar profiles across multiple dimensions of Mexican-origin mothers’ and fathers’ occupational characteristics (i.e., self-direction, hazardous conditions, physical activity) and to relate these subgroups to families’ sociocultural characteristics and youth adjustment. The study included 160 dual-earner Mexican-origin families from the urban Southwest. Mothers’ and fathers’ objective work characteristics and families’ sociocultural characteristics were assessed when youth were in early to middle adolescence; adjustment was assessed during late adolescence and early adulthood for two offspring in each family. A latent profile analysis identified 3 profiles that evidenced distinct …

Homing By Path Integration When A Locomotion Trajectory Crosses Itself, Naohide Yamamoto, Jayleen A. Meléndez, Derek T. Menzies

Psychology Faculty Publications

Path integration is a process with which navigators derive their current position and orientation by integrating self-motion signals along a locomotion trajectory. It has been suggested that path integration becomes disproportionately erroneous when the trajectory crosses itself. However, there is a possibility that this previous finding was confounded by effects of the length of a traveled path and the amount of turns experienced along the path, two factors that are known to affect path integration performance. The present study was designed to investigate whether the crossover of a locomotion trajectory truly increases errors of path integration. In an experiment, blindfolded …

Experimental Community-Based Interventions For Delinquent Youth: An Evaluation Of Recidivism And Cost-Effectiveness, Kristin W. Early, Stephanie B. Ryon, Gregory A. Hand, Julia L. Blankenship

Contemporary Issues in Juvenile Justice

No abstract provided.

Implications For The Topological And Vector Management Of Schizoid Dynamics, Tommy L. Woods

Contemporary Issues in Juvenile Justice

No abstract provided.

Teaching Christian Faith Integration In Psychological Assessment Courses, Wayne Adams, Mark R. Mcminn, Nancy S. Thurston

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

Within the existing literature that emphasizes the integration of faith and psychology, topics related to psychological assessment are rare inclusions. Yet, it is commonly recognized that assessment measures provide useful clinical infonnation. This article highlights the domain of psychological assessment as fertile ground for integrating psychology with spirituality. Three graduate-level faculty members who each teach psychological assessment courses in a clinical training program describe specific ways they integrate Christian faith and psychological assessment in the classroom. Foci for future efforts that would bring the areas of faith and psychological assessment together arc described along with some of the benefits such …

Use Of Technology For Note Taking And Therapeutic Alliance, Nicholas R. Wiarda, Mark R. Mcminn, Mary A. Peterson, Joel A. Gregor

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

Is psychotherapeutic alliance helped or harmed by using an iPad or computer during an intake session? Two studies are reported where psychotherapists use one of three different technologies in semistructured initial interviews: paper and pen, iPad, or a computer. The studies were conducted at a Primary Care Clinic and a Community Mental Health Clinic to provide a broader context to account for recent behavioral health integration into medical settings in addition to a traditional psychotherapy setting. The Primary Care Study consisted of 60 participants from a behavioral health service at a primary care clinic. The Community Mental Health Study involved …

Reflections On Lothstein’S Review, Carilyn C. Ellis, Mary A. Peterson, Rodger Bufford, Jon Benson

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

No abstract provided.

Dimensions Of Grace: Factor Analysis Of Three Grace Scales, Rodger K. Bufford, Timothy A. Sisemore, Amanda M. Blackburn

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

Measuring grace is challenging. Prior research found the Grace Scale (GS), Richmont Grace Scale (RGS), and The Amazing Grace Scale (TAGS) to be reliable, have promising convergent and divergent validity, and to inter-correlate strongly. However, they may tap different constructs, or grace may be multidimensional (Bufford, Blackburn, Sisemore, & Bassett, 2015). Here two exploratory factor analyses of the combined items showed five factors: experiencing God’s grace, costly grace, grace to self, grace from others, and grace to others, partially paralleling Watson, Chen and Sisemore (2011). Items from all three scales loaded on Factor 1, only items from the RGS loaded …

Homeless Service Utilization Report: Hawai‘I 2014, Sarah Yuan, Hong Vo, Kristen D. Gleason Phd

Faculty Publications

The 2014 Homeless Services Utilization Report is the ninth annual report produced by the Center on Family at the University of Hawai‘i at M¯anoa and the Homeless Programs Office in the Hawai‘i State Department of Human Services. This year, the report aims to provide data related to four types of programs that have been implemented in the state of Hawai‘i and are intended to address homelessness. Results from the system and program-level analysis will be presented. As in previous years, the report includes usage information about shelter programs and outreach programs. Shelter programs provide temporary shelter for homeless individuals and …

University Commitment: Test Of A Three-Component Model, Brittany Davis

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

University commitment is critical to university success, as it positively impacts retention, as well as many other student attitudes and behaviors (Beil, Reisen, Zea, & Caplan, 1999; Tinto, 1987; Tinto, 2006; Woosley & Miller, 2009). Therefore, psychometrically sound measures of university commitment are of great importance to universities. The present study seeks to test the psychometric properties of a newly developed scale of university commitment. This study measured the internal consistency reliability, content validity, and construct validity of the newly created measure. Divergent validity was evaluated by comparing the new measure to the Perceived Academic Achievement Scale (Meagher, 2012) and …

The Relationship Between Level Of Religiosity And Past Suicidal Ideation In Gay Males, Joseph Claybaugh

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Gay males have higher than average rates of suicidal ideation, which has been attributed in part to the pressure to conform to societal religious norms. Using the theoretical frameworks of Durkheim and of Pescosolido and Georgianna, the purpose of this quantitative study was to explore the role of religiosity as a factor of suicidal ideation in gay males. In this study, 113 gay males completed an online survey regarding their level of religiosity as measured by the Religious Background and Behaviors Questionnaire, past suicidal ideation as measured by the Suicidal Ideation Measure, and certain predictor variables, including being "out" to …

The Effects Of Holistic Coping Strategies On Perceived Stress And Absenteeism In Hospital Nurses, Mary Alice Ayon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The demanding work environments of professional nurses often contribute to high levels of stress that impact their professional practice and well-being. Although there is a significant amount of research regarding stress and absenteeism, a gap in the literature exists about the effects of holistic coping strategies on nurses' perceived stress and absenteeism. Based on the biopsychosocial model, the purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate effects of holistic coping strategies on perceived stress and absenteeism in 128 hospital nurses. An online cross-sectional survey design used the Perceived Stress Scale-10 to measure nurses' perceptions of stress. The independent grouping variable …

Owner-Manager Separation And The Structure Of It Governance In Small Business, Jeffrey S. Saffer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Small business owners and small business managers tend to favor different information technology (IT) governance structures. Such differences can lead to ineffective management and control of IT in small businesses. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the extent and nature of the association between owner-manager separation in small businesses and the structure of IT governance in the businesses. Agency theory formed the theoretical framework of this study. Data were collected using a web-based survey and randomly sampled 3,697 small business owners and managers located in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Chi-square statistics indicated no significant association between owner-manager …

The General Abilities Index As A Third Method Of Diagnosing Specific Learning Disabilities, Kristin M. Sims-Cutler

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many studies have investigated problems with the ability achievement discrepancy (AAD) method of diagnosing specific learning disabilities (SLDs). The definition of an SLD includes the presence of a deficit in one or more cognitive processing systems. Researchers in other studies found that the AAD method overdiagnoses English language learners and students from low socioeconomic backgrounds, and underdiagnoses students with cognitive processing deficits. Although SLD diagnostic methods have been widely researched, much less information is available regarding SLD diagnostic methods that predict important student outcomes, such as high school completion. The General Abilities Index (GAI) is an SLD diagnostic method that …

Attitudes, Experiences, And Perceptions Of Rural Christian Counselors With Regard To Self-Care, Theresa Grant White

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Rural Christian counselors are a distinct group of individuals faced with unique personal and professional challenges. Researchers have indicated that rural counselors experience a higher burnout rate due to wide practice scope; client stigma against receiving help; and physical isolation, making supervision, consultation, and referral difficult. Studies also show that self-care is an effective defense against the symptoms of burnout. Self-care is defined as any legal activity that promotes wellness and brings physical, emotional, mental, or spiritual balance. The central research question of this hermeneutic phenomenology examined the attitudes, perceptions, and experiences of rural Christian counselors with regard to self-care. …

Grounded Labels From The Behavioral International Economic Development Growth Path Model On Economic Development Patterns From 2002-2012, Kenneth Thomas Davis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Economic models generally fail to adequately measure positive and negative growth paths in development through agrarian, industry, and service economies. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to design a new model that could accommodate both directions of growth and better measure development paths with particular attention to labors contributions. The theoretical foundation for this study was Walt Whitman Rostow's 5 economic stages of growth classifications. This Study attempted to find the most common economic growth path. While most development models use three to five classifications, this study used nine new classifications giving it a unique and specific look …

Peer Victimization And The Comt Val158met Polymorphism: A Differential Susceptability Model, Erin Q. Boyd

Psychology Theses - Archive

The link between peer victimization and various health related negative outcomes ranging from physical to psychological has been well established in the literature (Hodges & Perry, 1999; Rigby, 2001). While there are many individual differences in the observed relationship, few have explored the role of Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) gene, val158met, within this relationship. Prior research has shown that COMT is involved in altered stress reactivity, internalizing problems, and poor health outcomes (Armbruster et al., 2012; Hagen et al., 2006; Reuter & Hennig, 2005). This thesis explored the influence of the COMT gene on the relationship between peer victimization and adverse …

The Prevalence And Responsiveness Of Head Injuries In A Chronic Disabling Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorder Population, Evan Mckenna Bradford

Psychology Theses - Archive

Injuries to the head cause problems in multiple domains, including cognitive functioning, emotion regulation, memory recall, and reaction time. Head injuries are often highly debilitating and cause patients to have a difficult and lengthy recovery process, frequently resulting in lifelong depression and much lower quality of life. Although research has been conducted to assess separate psychosocial or medical interventions, no research exists examining the effectiveness of an interdisciplinary functional restoration rehabilitation program following head trauma. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of functional restoration on head injury patients (n = 122) in comparison to matched …

Exploring New Boundaries In Team Cognition: Integrating Knowledge In Distributed Teams, Stephanie Zajac

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Distributed teams continue to emerge in response to the complex organizational environments brought about by globalization, technological advancements, and the shift toward a knowledge-based economy. These teams are comprised of members who hold the disparate knowledge necessary to take on cognitively demanding tasks. However, knowledge coordination between team members who are not co-located is a significant challenge, often resulting in process loss and decrements to the effectiveness of team level knowledge structures. The current effort explores the configuration dimension of distributed teams, and specifically how subgroup formation based on geographic location, may impact the effectiveness of a team's transactive memory …

Identity Construction And Information Processing In A Coaching Relationship: The Effects Of Coach Behavior On Coachee Goal-Setting And Commitment, Christopher Coultas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Coaching (professional, business, executive, leadership) has been shown to be effective generally speaking, but questions remain regarding the explanatory mechanisms underlying coaching. I first propose a context-general model that unpacks the sociocognitive dynamics within coaching. The model explains the emergence of different types of coaching relationships, and how the nature of these relationships differentially determine coaching outcomes. Research and theory on social identity construction and information processing in dyads provides the foundation upon which I outline a model describing the process and dynamics of coaching identity emergence. Beyond this emergence, my proposed model states that the coachee's understanding of appropriate …

Plugging Up The Leaky Stem Pipeline With A Stereotype Threat Mentoring Intervention, Luiz Xavier

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study compared the effectiveness of different mentoring programs at reducing feelings of stereotype threat experienced by women in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. Stereotype threat refers to the extra pressure a person feels to disprove a negative stereotype that applies to him or her. Because stereotype threat has been found to undermine performance and interest in stereotyped domains, it may be a key factor contributing to female underrepresentation in STEM fields. Mentors and proteges were placed in either a stereotype threat reduction condition in which mentors and proteges were encouraged to participate in discussions designed to …

Undergraduate Women's Self-Reported Body Image After Exposure To Weight-Related Versus Nonweight-Related Media Images, Casey Elizabeth Swick

Honors Projects

The proposed study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between exposure to weight-related media images and self-reported body image. About 60 undergraduate women at Bowling Green State University will participate in the study. Half of these women will view five weight-related media images and the other half will view five nonweight-related media images. After exposure to either the experimental or control condition, the women will be asked to complete the Body Ideals Questionnaire as well as reveal their age, year in school, race/ethnicity, and number of women’s studies courses taken on a survey. Correlational data will be obtained …

Undergraduate Women's Self-Reported Body Image After Exposure To Weight-Related Versus Nonweight-Related Media Images, Casey Elizabeth Swick

Honors Projects

The proposed study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between exposure to weight-related media images and self-reported body image. About 60 undergraduate women at Bowling Green State University will participate in the study. Half of these women will view five weight-related media images and the other half will view five nonweight-related media images. After exposure to either the experimental or control condition, the women will be asked to complete the Body Ideals Questionnaire as well as reveal their age, year in school, race/ethnicity, and number of women’s studies courses taken on a survey. Correlational data will be obtained …

Warning! You Are About To Enter "The Friend Zone": College Students' Experiences With The Friend Zone And Perceptions Of Fictional Characters In Friend-Zone Roles, Ashley Chapman

Honors Projects

People are put into “the friend zone” when they want to pursue a romantic relationship with a friend but find that their friend wants only a platonic relationship. With this research I (a) estimated the frequencies of heterosexual college students' having put an opposite-sex friend into the friend zone and having been put into the friend zone by an opposite-sex friend, (b) examined the emotions associated with these friend-zone experiences, and (c) explored college students' perceptions of characters navigating a friend-zone experience as depicted in two short video clips. Discussion focuses on results concerning the ubiquity of friend-zone experiences, the …