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Articles 241 - 270 of 693
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Examining Procedural Fidelity In School-Based Problem-Solving Teams Within Elementary Schools, Catalina Ottinger-Ovens
Examining Procedural Fidelity In School-Based Problem-Solving Teams Within Elementary Schools, Catalina Ottinger-Ovens
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The current study examined the procedural fidelity within problem solving teams in three elementary schools, utilizing a 19-item modified checklist (Burns et al., 2008) completed by team members and a trained observer concurrently at eight meetings at each of the schools. The purpose of the study was to determine if there was a relationship between the team members’ ratings and the observer’s ratings, and also to determine the level of procedural fidelity across the three schools. The items on the checklist were divided into three subscales for analysis, based on the problem solving model: problem identification, problem analysis, and problem …
The Effect Of Age At Diagnosis On Neuropsychological Functioning For Survivors Of Pediatric Brain Tumors Treated With Proton Radiation Therapy, Christina Zebrowski
The Effect Of Age At Diagnosis On Neuropsychological Functioning For Survivors Of Pediatric Brain Tumors Treated With Proton Radiation Therapy, Christina Zebrowski
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Compared to photon radiation, proton radiation spares healthy tissue by better targeting the tumor, reducing entrance dose, and eliminating exit dose (Semenova, 2009). Research thus far has largely focused on intelligence and adaptive profiles for individuals treated with proton radiation therapy (PRT; Patel, Mullins, O-Neil, & Wilson, 2011). Additionally, the effect of age varies in regard to age being protective or not (Levisohn, Cronin-Golomb, & Schmahmann, 2000; De Ruiter, Van Mourik, Schouten-Van Meeteren, Grootenhus, & Oosterlann, 2013; Wolfe, Madan-Swain, & Kana, 2012). This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the effect of age on diagnosis on neuropsychological functioning for individuals with …
School Staff Perceptions Of A Trauma Informed Program On Improving Knowledge, Competence, And School Climate, Elizabeth Mikolajczyk
School Staff Perceptions Of A Trauma Informed Program On Improving Knowledge, Competence, And School Climate, Elizabeth Mikolajczyk
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study sought to examine school staff perceptions of knowledge, competence, school climate and program effectiveness during and after participation in a trauma informed care professional development. The majority of the sample consisted of special areas (art, music, library) teachers and paraprofessionals from all district schools, which consisted of three elementary schools, one middle school and one high school in in a school district located in Southeast Pennsylvania approximately 20 miles from a major metropolitan city. Most of the participants were female. Participants completed a pretest survey and an identical survey following each phase. Questions on the survey pertained to …
Using Dialectical Behavior Therapy To Improve School Performance Of High School Students, Kelly R. Wayne
Using Dialectical Behavior Therapy To Improve School Performance Of High School Students, Kelly R. Wayne
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study explored the effect of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on the school functioning of high school students with trauma histories. The lifelong impact of trauma exposure across multiple domains of functioning is well documented. However, there is a gap between research and practice in school environments. Teachers in this study were taught trauma-sensitive teaching practices and DBT strategies to improve their ability to understand student emotional dysregulation, reduce challenging classroom behaviors, and improve academic performance. Students were taught DBT strategies in mindfulness, emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal relations designed to reduce disciplinary referrals, increase use of positive coping …
Testing The Efficacy Of A Brief Psychoeducational Video On Improving Mental Health Literacy, Gregory Amatrudo
Testing The Efficacy Of A Brief Psychoeducational Video On Improving Mental Health Literacy, Gregory Amatrudo
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Mental health literacy (MHL) is defined as knowledge and beliefs about mental health disorders which aid in recognition, management, or prevention (Jorm et al., 1997). The concept of MHL is essential in helping individuals understand and recognize symptoms of mental health disorders. In addition, MHL encompasses components related to stigma and attitudes that serve to facilitate or inhibit help seeking behaviors. Although the public has benefited greatly from initiatives aimed at improving knowledge about physical disease, similar initiatives aimed at improving MHL have been comparatively neglected. Many members of the public have difficulty recognizing specific types of psychological distress (Jorm, …
Instructing Students With Pediatric And Mental Health Conditions: Predictors Of Teachers’ Self-Efficacy, Rachel Allen
Instructing Students With Pediatric And Mental Health Conditions: Predictors Of Teachers’ Self-Efficacy, Rachel Allen
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Teachers face unique challenges when teaching children who have individualized education plans (IEPs) and/or 504 plans, including managing problematic behaviors and knowing about the symptoms and accommodations necessary when children present with health conditions. The factors that predict teachers’ self-efficacy when working with these children have not been established. This was a quantitative retrospective design utilizing a survey of teachers’ past experiences teaching children with IEP’s and/or 504 plans. K-8 elementary school teachers were surveyed using the Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale for Children with IEP/504 Plans (2017), which was developed by the authors and was adapted from a previous measure, the …
The Effects Of Negative Body Image And Self-Assessed Health On Health Behaviors In Adults, Danielle N. Beach
The Effects Of Negative Body Image And Self-Assessed Health On Health Behaviors In Adults, Danielle N. Beach
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Body image (BI) is a complex concept that seems to be related to self-assessed health (SAH), in other words, how an individual perceives his or her health. Negative BI does seem to influence adaptive and maladaptive health behaviors. For example, women with negative BI are more likely to smoke cigarettes and have more difficulty with smoking cessation than their counterparts with less negative BI. Previous studies have explored the relationship between select variables, and the samples have consisted of mostly adolescents and European samples. The current study aimed to determine if a relationship exists between these variables and to examine …
An Analysis Of Teachers’ Judgements Of The Executive Capacities Of Students Classified As Emotionally Disturbed/Behaviorally Disordered And A Matched, Non-Clinical Student Group, Catherine Forster
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Research has shown that EF difficulties are evident in the symptomatology of numerous psychopathologies and mental health disorders, especially in children. Due to the pervasiveness of EF difficulties related to a majority of the emotional and mental disorders experienced by children, there is a clear need to identify, carefully, the specific nature of the EF difficulties demonstrated by a child so that appropriate interventions can be identified and implemented. Despite this need, currently available individuallyadministered tests and rating scales are not constructed on the basis of a comprehensive theory of executive capacities, and therefore focus only on one or a …
Effects Of Fixed And Malleable Views Of Intelligence And Attribution Of Controllability On Teacher Affects, Gary Beard
Effects Of Fixed And Malleable Views Of Intelligence And Attribution Of Controllability On Teacher Affects, Gary Beard
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The classroom is a dynamic social setting where teachers respond affectively to student failure. Divergent affective reactions toward learning and achievement occur in teachers with fixed and malleable views of intelligence, which impact students’ self-esteem and expectations for future success. The present study explored teacher and student variables related to emotive classroom expression toward test failures of boys. View of intelligence as fixed or malleable, attribution of controllability (effort & ability) and student condition were measured and examined in relation to the affects frustration, sympathy, positive or negative feedback and expectations for future failure. Attributions of controllability (effort & ability) …
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy As A Supplemental Treatment For Adolescents With Learning Disabilities, Peter John Arsenault
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy As A Supplemental Treatment For Adolescents With Learning Disabilities, Peter John Arsenault
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study explores cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as a supplemental treatment with a sample of adolescents with learning disabilities (LD). Research overwhelming reflects the theory that children and adolescents with LD are more likely to manifest anxious and depressive symptomology. CBT is an evidence based intervention for anxiety and depression. However, there is a gap in the knowledge of treating LD with CBT. The study hypothesizes the theory that maladaptive metacognitive interpretation of the LD diminishes the effects of the evidence based academic intervention. The study sought to explore whether or not adolescents with LD would experience enhanced academic and …
Attitudes And Knowledge Of Healthcare Providers Regarding Patients With Intellectual Disability And The Impact On Analogue Clinical Decision-Making, Alexandra Freed Santoro
Attitudes And Knowledge Of Healthcare Providers Regarding Patients With Intellectual Disability And The Impact On Analogue Clinical Decision-Making, Alexandra Freed Santoro
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Throughout their careers, physicians, particularly those in primary care settings, can expect to treat patients with intellectual disability (ID) across the lifespan. Nevertheless, little attention is given to preparing medical students to effectively treat patients with ID through education and clinical training opportunities. The purpose of this study was to examine how knowledge and attitudes toward patients with ID may impact analogue clinical decision-making at different stages of physician education and career. Included in the review of the current literature is research relating to physician attitudes, education, and clinical decision-making; the biological, psychological, and social considerations in treating patients with …
School Personnel’S Knowledge And Perception Of School Refusal Behavior, Joshua M. Foy
School Personnel’S Knowledge And Perception Of School Refusal Behavior, Joshua M. Foy
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study examined the knowledge of school personnel regarding risk and protective factors, the four-function model, assessment, and treatment of school refusal behavior. This study also explored the perceptions of school personnel regarding the understanding of school refusal behavior as an emotional condition versus its being delinquent behavior and the climate of understanding at their work setting. Two hundred, ninety-six mental health and non-mental professionals who currently work in school settings across the United States participated in this study by completing an online survey pertaining to this topic. Results indicate that mental health professionals demonstrated a higher level of knowledge …
The Relationship Between Self-Concept And Body Image In Females With Deleterious Brca1/2 Mutations, Amanda M. Large
The Relationship Between Self-Concept And Body Image In Females With Deleterious Brca1/2 Mutations, Amanda M. Large
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Among women in the United States, breast cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and is the second-leading cause of death (American Cancer Society, 2015b). A subgroup of women with genetic mutations called BRCA1/2 mutations are at a significantly higher lifetime risk of developing breast cancer, among other cancers (Friedman, Sutphen, & Steglio, 2012). While the research base is growing with regard to women with BRCA1/2 mutations, little is known about the psychological experience of having a BRCA1/2 mutation and the challenges and obstacles that having a BRCA1/2 mutation entails throughout the lifetime. This study looked at women with …
Gender Differences Among Professional Football Fans: Serious Leisure, Emotional Expressivity, And Cognitive Distortions, Megan E. Wolensky
Gender Differences Among Professional Football Fans: Serious Leisure, Emotional Expressivity, And Cognitive Distortions, Megan E. Wolensky
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Increasingly, people report that leisure activity gives their lives meaning and significantly contributes to the formation of their personal identities. In fact, many individuals rank leisure activities as essential as work, family, and religion. (Gillespie, Leffler, & Lerner, 2010; Stebbins, 1992). Recent research has demonstrated that leisure involvement provides psychological benefits that contribute to wellbeing for both men and women (Caltabiano, 1995; Kim, Heo, Lee, & Kim, 2015). National Football League (NFL) fandom in the U.S. has been identified as a leisure activity that supersedes traditional gender norms and provides opportunities for family and group involvement. Although fandom has been …
An Evaluation Of Integrated Primary Care (Ipc), Ipc Plus Shared Medical Appointments, And Ipc Plus Individual Behavioral Health Care On Diabetes Management, Eric Franco
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
As the health care system continues to evolve, the challenges related to successfully treating chronic conditions persist. To address these challenges, supplemental treatments, such as the shared medical appointment (SMA) and behavioral health care (BHC), have been implemented to provide patients with additional levels of psychoeducation and support in addition to treatment by their physician. The total sample used in this study was 118. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated primary care (IPC), IPC plus SMA, and IPC plus BHC to determine if supplemental treatment combined with IPC produced greater improvement in patients with …
All These Deadlines And I Don’T Know Where My Papers Are: A Direct Measure Of Organizational Skills Training Of 3rd, 4th And 5th Grade General Education Students, Deanna Jo Rumohr
All These Deadlines And I Don’T Know Where My Papers Are: A Direct Measure Of Organizational Skills Training Of 3rd, 4th And 5th Grade General Education Students, Deanna Jo Rumohr
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Although numerous studies have analyzed organizational interventions with use with children with ADHD, minimal research has evaluated the impact of teaching universal organizational skills, class wide, to elementary aged students. This study investigated the impact of teaching universal organizational skills class wide to a cohort of Grade 3, 4, and 5 general education students. The sample consists of approximately 50 mixed gender students in Grade 3, 4, 5 from a small rural elementary school in British Columbia, Canada. The current study employed a concurrent, multiple baseline design. Results of the study found that organizational skills training increased the three organizational …
The Relationship Between Executive Functioning And Treatment Outcomes Among Juvenile Sex Offenders, Sarah Decker
The Relationship Between Executive Functioning And Treatment Outcomes Among Juvenile Sex Offenders, Sarah Decker
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
In 2006, youth 17 years of age and younger accounted for almost 20% of arrests for sexual offenses (Becker, 2007). Critical challenges exist to improve treatment for juvenile sex offenders, including identifying additional risk factors and developing treatment that is specifically tailored to the individual. Research has indicated the majority of juvenile sex offenders have difficulties in their executive-functioning abilities (Blanchard, Cantor, Robichaud, & Christensen, 2005). These deficits may contribute to higher risk potential and recidivism among juvenile sex offenders. Whether low levels of executive functioning influence risk of sexual or criminal offending/re-offending is unknown. The present study sought to …
Evaluating The Relationship Between Physician Characteristics And Opioid Knowledge And Use Of Opioid And Non-Opioid Chronic Pain Management Strategies, Erin Hopkins Stern
Evaluating The Relationship Between Physician Characteristics And Opioid Knowledge And Use Of Opioid And Non-Opioid Chronic Pain Management Strategies, Erin Hopkins Stern
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a mental health condition that has high personal, societal, and emotional costs. Opioid use disorder, misuse, and abuse is a national epidemic. Many factors have contributed to the increased use of opioids and OUD. One such factor is the heightened emphasis on pain management in the medical community, one that that began nearly two decades ago. This has led to increased prescribing of opioid-based medication for chronic pain patients. This contributed in part to the development of OUD in many individuals who became addicted to opioids. For this reason, current guidelines discourage the use of …
Examining How Cardiologists Address Alcohol And Substance Use In Their Adolescent And Young Adult Patients Diagnosed With Cardiac Rhythm Disorders, Nicole Stewart
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
An arrhythmia, or cardiac rhythm disorder, is characterized by a change in the normal pattern of electrical impulses that occur in the heart. Cardiac arrhythmias can be life-threatening. Adolescents and young adults who have arrhythmias experience challenges of youth coupled with the medical challenges associated with their diagnoses. Cardiologists who treat these patients are faced with an ongoing need for decision-making surrounding addressing alcohol and substance use, which can be prevalent in adolescent and young adult populations. This qualitative study explored what guides physicians’ decision-making, as well as physicians’ beliefs and practices regarding how they address alcohol and substance use …
Adolescence And Cardiac Channelopathies: Predicting Engagement In High-Risk Behavior, Lauren Lucente
Adolescence And Cardiac Channelopathies: Predicting Engagement In High-Risk Behavior, Lauren Lucente
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The purpose of the current study was to explore the type and frequency of engagement in low to high-risk behaviors in adolescents with cardiac channelopathies. Additionally, predictive factors of engagement in developmentally typical behaviors were explored. Individuals ages 13-22 (female = 84.6%; average age = 19.53) with cardiac channelopathies (n = 10) and without any chronic health conditions (n = 4) completed a series of questionnaires examining self-reported quality of life, illness perceptions, problem solving, and risk-taking behaviors. Findings demonstrated that adolescents with cardiac conditions believe that their conditions are controllable, and they experience a moderate amount of medically-related symptoms. …
Student And Teacher Perceptions Of The Relationship Between Self-Regulation Executive Functions And Playing Team Sports, Rebecca T. Edelsberg
Student And Teacher Perceptions Of The Relationship Between Self-Regulation Executive Functions And Playing Team Sports, Rebecca T. Edelsberg
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Executive functions (EF) are the directive capacities of the human brain that are responsible for a person’s ability to engage in purposeful, organized, goal-directed behavior and to cue and direct perceptions, feelings, thoughts and actions in specific ways. There has been a growing body of research indicating that sports such as soccer, basketball, and baseball require the effective use of self-regulation executive functions that cue and direct attention, inhibition, shifting, flexibility and working memory. The objective of the study was to investigate student athletes’ perceptions of the relationship between playing sports and their effective use of executive functions and teacher …
Executive Functions Profiles Of Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And Autism Spectrum Disorder, Michael Ramsteck
Executive Functions Profiles Of Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And Autism Spectrum Disorder, Michael Ramsteck
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The current study examined teacher ratings of the executive capacities of groups of ADHD-diagnosed and ASD-diagnosed students; first by comparing teacher ratings of each clinical group to the teacher ratings of a group of matched nonclinical peers, then by comparing the teacher ratings of the two clinical groups. The data for both clinical groups and their respective matched control groups were part of the data collected during the standardization of the McCloskey Executive Function Scale – Teacher Report Form (MEFS-TR). It was hypothesized that when compared to their matched control groups, teacher ratings of the ADHD-diagnosed group would reflect a …
An Analysis Of Youtube Content On African American Parenting In The Face Of Community Violence, La-Rhonda Harmon
An Analysis Of Youtube Content On African American Parenting In The Face Of Community Violence, La-Rhonda Harmon
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This qualitative study analyzed YouTube video content on the discussion about African American parenting in the face of community violence. The study investigated if conversations about African American parenting changed after the killing of Trayvon Martin, which occurred on February 26, 2012. Ten videos recorded before Trayvon Martin’s death and 20 after were selected and analyzed. Transcripts were coded for emerging themes using grounded-theory research design. Several themes emerged in the videos recorded before and after Martin’s death. Themes related to African American beliefs about parenting and acculturation emerged from the videos recorded before Martin’s death. Themes related to African …
A Comparison Of An Oral Reading Fluency Measure And A Reading Comprehension Measure To Identify Students At Risk For Failure On A State Assessment Of Reading, Brian Engler
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Significant incentives exist for educators to efficiently identify, students at risk of failing statewide assessments. This study strives to add to the body of research on curriculum-based assessments (CBAs) used, in part, for this purpose. This study compares the ability of two commonly used CBAs to identify students at risk for failure on the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA). To this end, results from the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) Oral Reading Fluency (DORF) were compared with the results from the Measures of Academic Progress Reading Comprehension Test (MAP-R). The study analyzed the scores of 93 …
The Influence Of Quality Of Education On A Regression-Based Method Of Premorbid Estimated Intelligence, Elizabet Santana Marmon-Halm
The Influence Of Quality Of Education On A Regression-Based Method Of Premorbid Estimated Intelligence, Elizabet Santana Marmon-Halm
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The physical, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional sequelae of brain injury have been shown to exert a substantial negative impact on everyday work-related and social functioning. Accordingly, accurate measurement of any associated cognitive decline is of paramount importance, and clinicians often face the challenge of estimating the patient’s level of intellectual functioning prior to the brain pathology. This study examined the influence of environmental factors, such as education quality on a demographically based formula for estimating premorbid intelligence and focused primarily on an adjusted variable (reading level vs. years of education). The results showed that for the entire sample of the …
The Relationship Between Stress, Social Problem Solving, And Psychological Distress In Mothers Of Daughters With Eating Disorders, Sarah M. Hittinger
The Relationship Between Stress, Social Problem Solving, And Psychological Distress In Mothers Of Daughters With Eating Disorders, Sarah M. Hittinger
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Mothers of daughters with eating disorders are at risk for experiencing high levels of psychological distress, which can have negative implications for mothers themselves and the children under their care. Coping strategies that effectively manage the stress of the caregiving role have been found to reduce psychological distress, but the literature does not clearly define the type of coping that is best indicated for this population of caregivers. Coping via social problem solving has been found to predict less psychological distress and moderate the stressdistress relationship in many caregiver populations. The relationship between stress, coping via social problem solving, and …
The Impact Of An Endorsement Of Free Will Versus Determinism On Judgment Of Weight Management Behaviors, Jarrett W. Henderson
The Impact Of An Endorsement Of Free Will Versus Determinism On Judgment Of Weight Management Behaviors, Jarrett W. Henderson
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study examines the relationship between an endorsement of either free will or determinism and judgment of others’ weight management behaviors in a general population. Participants completed the Free Will and Determinism – Plus (FAD-Plus) to assess their beliefs in free will or determinism. Two groups were compared for analysis: determinism, which includes both scientific and fatalistic variants, and free will, which includes randomness. After completing the FAD-Plus, participants answered questions regarding their judgment of weight management behaviors on one of two case vignettes designed by the investigator that depict different weight management behaviors and outcomes. Participants then answered questions …
The Effects Of Online Social Networking On Social Connectedness And Friendship Quality Among Adolescents, Christine Klinkhoff
The Effects Of Online Social Networking On Social Connectedness And Friendship Quality Among Adolescents, Christine Klinkhoff
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The emergence of social networking sites (SNSs) has led to marked shifts in the ways that individuals communicate, share, and acquire information. Present-day adolescents are the first generation to grow up with these technologies and are among the most frequent users (Shapiro & Margolin, 2014). Although the technological landscape continues to evolve, the impact it has on aspects of adolescent development remains poorly understood. This study examined the possible relationship between SNS use and perceptions of social connectedness and friendship quality in a sample of Canadian and American adolescents. A self-report questionnaire developed by the author was utilized to examine …
The Attitudes, Level Of Interest, And Knowledge Held By Physicians And Psychologists Toward Integrated Healthcare Practices And The Patient-Centered Medical Home Model, Mark Cassano
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
As the healthcare system continues to evolve, issues related to cost and access to care continue to persist. In response to this concern, integrated models of healthcare, like the Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), have been developed to work toward reducing cost for both patients and providers, increasing patient access to quality care, and improving patients’ overall satisfaction with the care that they are provided. However, despite the overwhelming evidence found in the literature supporting the efficacy and benefit of these treatment models, it is unclear why more providers do not choose to practice in and support collaborative forms of healthcare …
Executive Functions And Word Reading Fluency: A Brief Intervention With Economically Disadvantaged Secondary Students, Vanessa Kim
Executive Functions And Word Reading Fluency: A Brief Intervention With Economically Disadvantaged Secondary Students, Vanessa Kim
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study evaluated the use of a brief intervention that was designed to assist economically disadvantaged secondary students increase their capacity for attention to orthography and increase their ability to shift between rapid sight word recognition and decoding of unknown words in order to improve their word reading accuracy and fluency. The participants (N = 14) were eighth and ninth grade students enrolled in an urban public high school and receiving special education services. The study used analysis of variance for repeated measures and paired measures t-tests to analyze pre- and post-test data. The results indicated significant findings (p < 0.5) in the students’ improvements in their sight word reading fluency and their ability to inhibit impulses and shift cognitive sets with accuracy and speed following the 8-week reading intervention. The findings suggest that exposure to repeated word fluency drills that target attention to orthography and shifting from sight word recognition to decoding may have influenced the students’ self-monitoring skills and offer further support regarding the hypothesized role of executive functions in the act of reading.