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Articles 811 - 840 of 1153
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Behavior Management Training Issues In Kentucky Classrooms, Karin Holland
Behavior Management Training Issues In Kentucky Classrooms, Karin Holland
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Classroom discipline is often a primary concern of teachers. Little is known, however, about the extent of teachers' knowledge, training, and skills with behavior management issues. This study was conducted to examine teachers' training with specific behavioral strategies, their personal level of proficiency in resolving these problems, and to determine if teachers consider the function of aberrant behaviors when deciding upon treatment interventions. A survey was developed to address these issues. The survey was distributed to teachers in four south-central Kentucky counties and two western Kentucky counties. Of the 350 surveys distributed, 209 were returned for a 59.7% return rate. …
The Effects Of Constant And Variable Practice On Performing A Gross Motor Skill, Leslie Snyder
The Effects Of Constant And Variable Practice On Performing A Gross Motor Skill, Leslie Snyder
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The present researcher compared and contrasted the variability of practice hypothesis (variable practice) with the specificity of learning hypothesis (constant practice) for this study. The variability of practice hypothesis specified that a person's subsequent ability to complete a novel motor task will increase by altering conditions of practice (Schmidt, 1975). The specificity of learning hypothesis, however, asserted that repetition of the same movements will increase an individual's retention rate for the movement (Adams, 1971). The researcher operationalized this debate via basketball free throw shooting. Participants were assigned to either a constant practice condition, where shots were taken from the free …
Moderation Of Personality Test Validity, Christopher Woolard
Moderation Of Personality Test Validity, Christopher Woolard
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Personality testing can be an adequate instrument for prediction of future job performance. However, the predictive ability of these tests has been only moderate at best. This researcher attempted to determine if feedback would help improve the predictive ability of personality tests. The results indicated that feedback did not moderate the relationship between the personality dimensions and job performance for all of the personality construct s except Openness to Experience. This researcher also attempted to replicate the findings of the Barrick and Mount (1993) study which found that autonomy moderated the relationship between Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and job performance. This …
Predicting Academic Success In College Using The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, Katherine Bishop
Predicting Academic Success In College Using The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, Katherine Bishop
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The prediction of success in college has received a substantial amount of research interest. A variety of predictor variables have been examined including personality and demographic variables as well as scores on standardized college entrance examinations. However, few studies have included the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R). In the present study, this researcher examined the ability of the WAIS-R to predict college success as measured by grade point average (GPA). The participants were 49 undergraduates, from a public university, who volunteered for intellectual assessments. It was hypothesized that the WAIS-R would predict college GPA. The prediction was expected to be …
Educational Specialist Programs In School Psychology: Trends In Training Emphasis, Shawna Kennedy
Educational Specialist Programs In School Psychology: Trends In Training Emphasis, Shawna Kennedy
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
A survey was conducted to examine current training practices of NASP accredited specialist programs. Information was gathered through a mailed survey to NASP accredited school psychology Ed.S. training programs across the United States. Of the 97 training programs to whom surveys were sent, 56 surveys were returned and 51 were considered usable (53% return rate). The survey respondents were divided into groups according to self-reported program emphasis. Thirty-one programs reported emphasizing traditional assessment (Traditional Programs), while 20 programs reported other areas of emphasis (Other Programs). An independent t-test indicated that Traditional Programs offer significantly higher amounts of training in traditional …
"Reasonable Person" Vs. "Reasonable Woman": An Evaluation Of The Standards Used In Determining Hostile Work Environment Sexual Harassment, Allison Maue
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Currently, there is a debate in progress over which standard is appropriate for use when evaluating hostile work environment sexual harassment. Traditionally the "reasonable person" has been used as the viewpoint from which to evaluate potentially harassing behavior. However, the historical 1991 federal court case Ellison vs. Brady introduced the "reasonable woman" standard due to the belief that the traditional standard may unwittingly be biased toward men. Most research to date has focused on the benefits and/or disadvantages of utilizing one standard over the other. The present research represents an attempt to discover whether the implementation of a standard truly …
Influence Of Viewing Dramatic Television And Perceived Risk Of Victimization On Crime-Specific Fear, Eric Barth
Influence Of Viewing Dramatic Television And Perceived Risk Of Victimization On Crime-Specific Fear, Eric Barth
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The purpose of this study is to examine the predictability of the fear of property and personal crime in relation to viewing dramatic or violent television. The study was carried out using the viewpoint that the viewing of violence, which is symbolically communicated through the medium of television, does affect the fear of crime. A questionnaire was administered in the spring of 1998 to students of a mid-South regional university. The sample consisted of 619 undergraduate students. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The results of this study suggest that watching violent television …
Gender Differences In College Students' Attributions For Success And Failure, Anna Hutton
Gender Differences In College Students' Attributions For Success And Failure, Anna Hutton
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Attributions for success and failure have been the topic of much research. One area of focus is that of gender differences. Research has produced highly inconsistent results, but many believe that differences exist in the way men and women attribute success and failure. The present study was designed to identify differences in the ways college men and women make attributions for success and failure and to determine whether there are gender differences in attributions for success and failure in ego-involved areas. Three hundred and ninety undergraduate students completed the Collegiate Attributions Scale. Results showed that (a) college students are more …
Zebrafish Retinal Development And The Effects Of Abnormal Light Rearing Conditions, Shannon Saszik
Zebrafish Retinal Development And The Effects Of Abnormal Light Rearing Conditions, Shannon Saszik
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Anatomical and physiological studies have shown that the zebrafish is a useful model of vertebrate visual function. Anatomy has shown that the zebrafish possess the traditional three cone types (S-, M-, and L- cones), and a fourth cone type that is sensitive to ultraviolet light (U-cones). Physiologically, the adult zebrafish appears to have a complex visual system with color opponent mechanisms. Anatomical results suggest that the zebrafish may be a good model of retinal development as well. The zebrafish retina develops in a sequential manner and is immature at hatch. Bilotta et al. (1996) also found that the retina was …
Coping With Jealousy: Effects Of Personality, Gender And Intensity Of Jealousy, Tisha Thompson
Coping With Jealousy: Effects Of Personality, Gender And Intensity Of Jealousy, Tisha Thompson
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The present researcher focused on how subjects cope with jealousy in 6 different situations. A scale was developed to assess how jealous subjects would be in the 6 situations and how likely they were to use 13 different coping methods. Principal components analysis yielded 3 coping components. The researcher investigated the relationship between personality and coping style, finding that different personality types, using Costa and McCrae's 5-factor model, coped differently with jealousy. The researcher also examined the relationship between gender and coping style. Results suggested that females use coping methods to save the relationship with their partner and males tend …
A Study Of Highly And Moderately Gifted Students In Mixed-Age Settings And The Effect On Social Status And Self-Concept, Deeayne Mayfield
A Study Of Highly And Moderately Gifted Students In Mixed-Age Settings And The Effect On Social Status And Self-Concept, Deeayne Mayfield
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
This research addresses issues of self-concept, social status, and relative age as they relate to moderately (n=146) and highly (n=161) gifted students. Previous research regarding self-concept and giftedness yielded mixed results. The majority of social status research had not been conducted with gifted students, and relative age issues have been addressed only with young children. Therefore, the present research was conducted to carry the previous studies further. Only one self-concept scale, the Behavior scale, showed a significant difference between highly and moderately gifted students with highly gifted students outscoring moderately gifted students. No significant differences between moderately and highly gifted …
Adolescent Perceptions Of Risk-Taking Behaviors, Susan Matthews
Adolescent Perceptions Of Risk-Taking Behaviors, Susan Matthews
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Adolescents often make adult decisions regarding their lifestyle and behavior with little support from their family and community. In this study the researcher examined the difference in risk-taking behaviors between genders and the role that families and communities play in reducing risk-taking behaviors. In the study I further analyzed self-reports of numbers of development assets those students reporting participation in high-risk behaviors. Method: Data were obtained from a sample of convenience of (N=82) 12th grade students. Behaviors and attitudes were examined using the Search Institute’s Profiles of Student Life survey. Results: Chi square was used to test for significant …
Program Evaluation Of Project Team And Project Prep, Preservice Interdisciplinary Early Childhood Training Programs, Sarah Whittaker
Program Evaluation Of Project Team And Project Prep, Preservice Interdisciplinary Early Childhood Training Programs, Sarah Whittaker
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
A survey of graduates who participated in Project TEAM (School Psychology, Social Work, and Speech/Language Pathology) and Project PREP (Interdisciplinary Early Childhood Education) is presented. Graduates completed coursework, seminars and practica that emphasized knowledge and skills related to working with children in the birth through 5 age group and their families. The survey determined in which competencies graduates indicated they were best and least prepared by the program and which competencies were most and least applicable to their present careers. The survey also determined what teaming models the graduates are currently using and would prefer to use in their careers. …
School Psychologists' Assessment Practices Of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Donna Ridenour
School Psychologists' Assessment Practices Of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Donna Ridenour
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Two million school-age children are believed to manifest symptoms of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In recent years, educators have increasingly been called upon to provide services to children with ADHD either through special education or through Section 504. Much has been written describing "best practices" for the assessment of children with ADHD. Little is known, however, about what roles school psychology practitioners are taking with regard to ADHD. The purpose of this research was to determine common ADHD assessment practices of school psychologists and how they relate to practices recommended in the literature. A survey was developed and sent to …
Iconic Memory And Aging: Effects Of Stimulus Duration, Stimulus Contrast, And Inter-Stimulus Interval, Andrew Lajoie
Iconic Memory And Aging: Effects Of Stimulus Duration, Stimulus Contrast, And Inter-Stimulus Interval, Andrew Lajoie
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Previous studies have shown that old adults perform more poorly on the classic Sperling partial report task than do young adults. In this study, the researcher examined whether age differences in performance could be accounted for by changes in visual and perceptual ability. Eighteen old adults (M = 70 years) and 18 young adults (M = 22 years) were administered whole and partial report trials with stimulus durations of 150 ms; a second group of 18 young adults was tested with stimulus durations of 30 ms. Stimuli were presented at two levels of contrast (98 and 44 percent) and the …
Violence-Prevention Education For The Primary Classroom, Carrie Shaw
Violence-Prevention Education For The Primary Classroom, Carrie Shaw
Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects
This holistic curriculum addresses the many realms in which violence affects children: cognitive, affective, social, and behavioral. A violence prevention thematic unit containing lesson plans, performance tasks, and learning centers has been built around six research-based interlocking components: understanding violence, identifying and expressing emotions, valuing peace, feeling a sense of community, being safe, and resolving conflicts nonviolently. The goal is that through beginning to teach practical violence prevention skills in these six areas in the primary grades (K-3), children will learn how to handle their aggressions and resolve conflicts without the use of violence.
Analysis Of The Ministerial Emphasis Survey Quantifying The Call Of The Church, Ray Doyel
Analysis Of The Ministerial Emphasis Survey Quantifying The Call Of The Church, Ray Doyel
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The expectations of a church for its minister are broad and difficult to define. These expectations are perhaps most intently examined when the church is seeking to replace a minister. It is during this time that the church may attempt to measure in some way the expectations of the congregation. These expectations may be studied from different perspectives, ranging from the effectiveness of the minister to the leadership style of the minister. This research examined the Ministerial Emphasis Survey which was used by a mainline, Protestant denomination during an actual minister search. The study included participants from the congregation, the …
Friendship Patterns And School Adjustment In The Mixed-Age Context, Sarah Caverly
Friendship Patterns And School Adjustment In The Mixed-Age Context, Sarah Caverly
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
While friendship patterns and the relationship between friendship status and school adjustment have been studied in same-age classrooms, little is known about friendship patterns and the contribution of friendship status to school adjustment in mixed-age classrooms. The purposes of the present study were to investigate friendship patterns in a large sample of mixed-age (ungraded) primary classrooms and to examine the contribution of friendship status to school adjustment in a smaller subsample of ungraded primary children. Peer acceptance level and age relative to classmates both had a significant impact on the number of reciprocated friends children had, and on the relative …
Local Use Of A Nationally-Developed Predictor Of University Student Attrition, Michelle Huffman
Local Use Of A Nationally-Developed Predictor Of University Student Attrition, Michelle Huffman
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
In this study we examine the ability of the scales of the College Student Inventory (CSI) to predict attrition at a single institution. We also develop a locally-specific dropout proneness model with which to compare the nationally-developed model of the CSI. Attention is given to the incremental validity of both of these models over high school grade point average and ACT composite scores. Dropout Proneness National, although statistically significantly related to attrition, was lacking in practical significance, especially when considering its incremental predictive value over high school grade point average and ACT composite score. Dropout Proneness Local was found to …
A Statewide Survey Linking Assessment To Interventions: Assessing Teacher Awareness And Training Needs Related To Students With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Leann Pearson
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The present study, using a survey questionnaire developed by Luckett (1996), was completed by 211 kindergarten through sixth grade teachers in 33 school districts across Kentucky. The sample consisted of regular education, special education, and Title One teachers with one to thirty-one years of experience. Educational backgrounds of the predominantly female sample ranged from bachelor's to doctoral degrees. The survey included four distinct sections. Participants were questioned about (a) knowledge level with respect to the diagnostic criteria and diagnostic labels for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, (b) intervention preferences for addressing ADHD student's behaviors in the classroom, (c) interventions which they would …
Personality Types Of Registered Nurses Employed In A Rural Community Hospital, Tina Snodgrass
Personality Types Of Registered Nurses Employed In A Rural Community Hospital, Tina Snodgrass
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The purpose of this study was to identify the personality types of registered nurses in a rural community. An extensive literature review revealed that no studies, utilizing the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) to identify personality types, had been conducted with rural nurses. Jung's Psychological Type Theory was the theoretical framework for the study. The MBTI operationalizes Jung's theory and was utilized to determine the most frequently occurring personality types of the nurses. A descriptive study was conducted at a 68 bed acute care hospital. The sample consisted of 40 experienced registered nurses working in staff positions within the hospital. Sensing, …
The Effect Of Self-Focused Attention On Psychopathology, Keith Payne
The Effect Of Self-Focused Attention On Psychopathology, Keith Payne
Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects
This study investigated whether self-focused attention is related to psychopathology in general or if, instead, specific types of self-focus are associated with specific disorders. Self-focus was measured as private self-consciousness, public self-consciousness, emotional self-reference, or performance self-reference. Personality measures included depression, phobias, 'health concern, obsessiveness, and disordered eating. Public self-consciousness was related to greater depression, obsessiveness, and disordered eating. Private self-consciousness was positively correlated with depression and obsessiveness. Performance self-reference was related to lower levels of depression and obsessiveness. The findings indicate that different types of self-focused attention are involved in different disorders. Results are interpreted with reference to self-awareness …
Parent And Teacher Perceptions Of Student Teacher Assistance Teams, Laura Dinning
Parent And Teacher Perceptions Of Student Teacher Assistance Teams, Laura Dinning
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The Student Teacher Assistance Team (STAT) method is one form of prereferral intervention that involves the problem-solving of teachers and other school professionals with the goal of obtaining more efficient and effective help for students in the regular education setting. After an examination of the research in the area of prereferral interventions, it was noted that few research studies mentioned parents' involvement in and none were found assessing parents' perceptions of the process. This study examines both parent and teacher perceptions of student teacher assistance teams (STATs) in a small rural county in Kentucky. Participants in the study involved 44 …
The Application Of Leadership Skills By Managers, Supervisors, And Group Leaders In A Small Manufacturing Company: Self-Management As A Transfer Of Training Method, Jason Chadwell
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The purpose of this study was to determine if training in self-management principles would enhance the transfer of training in leadership skills to the work setting. Managers, supervisors, and group leaders of a small manufacturing company served as the participants for the study. Two training groups were formed, one which received training in leadership skills only and another which received training in leadership skills and self-management. Prior to and after training all participants completed a learning measure and were rated by subordinates, peers, and/or supervisors on the demonstration of leadership skills on the job. Results showed that training significantly increased …
Methods And Techniques Of Training Social Competency In Head Start, Kimberly Ely
Methods And Techniques Of Training Social Competency In Head Start, Kimberly Ely
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
This study was conducted to determine Kentucky Head Start teachers' perceptions about fostering social competency in preschool children. In addition, current techniques that teachers use to enhance social competency in students were examined. Information was gathered through a survey mailed to Head Start teachers in Kentucky. Of the 208 surveys mailed, 59 were returned. The majority of the respondents had a Child Development Associate degree and had been teaching for an average of nine years. Results of this study indicated Head Start teachers strongly agreed to the importance of teaching social competency, and the teachers agreed it should be a …
College Students And Drug Use: A Further Analysis Of Peer Cluster Theory, Christopher Rose
College Students And Drug Use: A Further Analysis Of Peer Cluster Theory, Christopher Rose
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The purpose of this study was to test the premise of peer cluster theory which suggests that individual drug use is primarily the result of psychosocial characteristics that influence one's peer associations which, in turn, directly influences individual drug use. Using the results of a 1996 drug and alcohol survey of 1312 Western Kentucky University college students, path analysis was used to measure the influence of seven of Beauvais and Oetting's (1986) psychosocial characteristics (sex, religious importance, parental attitudes about the use of alcohol, family use of alcohol and/or drugs, success in school, age of first use, and peer associations) …
The Nlp Loss Pattern: Imagery And Experience In Grief And Mourning, F. Clayton Miller
The Nlp Loss Pattern: Imagery And Experience In Grief And Mourning, F. Clayton Miller
Academic Support Division Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Using Biodata To Predict Alternative Measures Of Training Period Turnover, Ronald Pankratz
Using Biodata To Predict Alternative Measures Of Training Period Turnover, Ronald Pankratz
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Logistic Regression was utilized to add to what is known about biodata and turnover. Biodata items from 958 former and current employees in a manufacturing environment were used to develop models to predict a) which employees will turnover prior to completion of a ninety-day training period, b) who will leave voluntarily versus involuntarily, and of those who leave voluntarily c) which leavers are functional versus dysfunctional. A significant relationship was found between biodata items and completion of the ninety-day training period. The resulting model indicated that those who completed training were employed at time of hire, had higher aptitude scores, …
Determination Of Chromatic And Luminance Channels In The Zebrafish Visual System Using An Increment Threshold Technique, Richard Hughes
Determination Of Chromatic And Luminance Channels In The Zebrafish Visual System Using An Increment Threshold Technique, Richard Hughes
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
It is well established that the primate visual system possesses anatomically separate chromatic and luminance channels; these pathways are responsible for the visual coding of color and brightness information, respectively. In lower vertebrates, such as the zebrafish (Danio rerio), there does not appear to be any anatomical separation of cell types mediating color and luminance information. However, several studies suggest that these vertebrates may be able to discriminate these attributes of a visual stimulus. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the zebrafish visual system possesses chromatic and luminance channels. In addition, the contribution of each cone photoreceptor …
Assessing The Persistence To Graduation Of Students Joining Fraternities At Western Kentucky University, Charles Pride
Assessing The Persistence To Graduation Of Students Joining Fraternities At Western Kentucky University, Charles Pride
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
In the study, I assessed the persistence of students who joined fraternities at Western Kentucky University. Also included is a comparison between them and the general student population. The study includes 1467 students who joined fraternities between the Fall 1986 to Spring 1991 semesters. A five-year time period was used as the benchmark for graduation from the institution. Factors that were explored included race, initiation status, year in school when pledging, and organizational affiliation. Pearson Product-Moment Correlations and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data. The results illustrated that students who join fraternities graduate at a higher …