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Articles 631 - 660 of 818
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
The Sleep Problems Inventory: A Measure For The Assessment Of Sleep Problems In Adults With Intellectual Disabilities, Dennis R. Dixon
The Sleep Problems Inventory: A Measure For The Assessment Of Sleep Problems In Adults With Intellectual Disabilities, Dennis R. Dixon
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Sleep problems can have a broad impact across the day-to-day functioning of an individual. Persons with intellectual disabilities are at a particular risk for developing sleep problems, with prevalence estimates much higher than is found in the general population. Nonetheless, the assessment of sleep problems in persons with intellectual disabilities has been widely overlooked. The Sleep Problems Inventory (SLEEPY) was created to measure various factors related to sleep problems in persons with intellectual disabilities. The present study represents the first steps in establishing the reliability and validity of the SLEEPY in adults with intellectual disabilities.
Spaced-Retrieval Effects On Memory For Scenes In Older Adults With Probable Alzheimer's Disease, Emily Olinde
Spaced-Retrieval Effects On Memory For Scenes In Older Adults With Probable Alzheimer's Disease, Emily Olinde
LSU Master's Theses
Previous studies have found the spaced-retrieval memory intervention technique to be successful in training people with probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to learn new, simple associations. In the present study, we expanded on these previous findings by training eight participants with probable AD to learn the names and pictures of countries via spaced retrieval. We demonstrated the flexibility of the technique, gave insight as to the effects of distracters on the spaced-retrieval training performance, and demonstrated the memorial effects of adding pictorial support to the text.
An Examination Of The Differential Outcomes Effect When Teaching Discriminations To Children With Autism And Other Developmental Disabilities, Laura Addison
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The differential outcomes effect (DOE) refers to the finding that performance in discrimination training improves when different behaviors produce different reinforcers. In the current study, the effects of two DOE procedures on the acquisition of receptive language skills were compared. Participants were four children with autism and/or developmental delay/speech and language impairment. The children were presented with two toy or food items and asked to give the experimenter the item named. The names consisted of three-letter nonsense syllables. Correct responses were followed by one of the following consequences: (a) The opportunity to manipulate or consume the item to which the …
Impact Of A Stage-Matched Weight Loss Intervention On Stage Of Change Progression In Predominantly African-American Female Primary Care Patients, Jamie Sue Bodenlos
Impact Of A Stage-Matched Weight Loss Intervention On Stage Of Change Progression In Predominantly African-American Female Primary Care Patients, Jamie Sue Bodenlos
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Obesity is associated with several chronic medical conditions. Certain individuals are at higher risk for obesity including low-income African American females. Despite the many benefits to weight loss, many individuals do not seek treatment. Individuals are likely to attend primary care appointments where obesity can be targeted. Although stage matched interventions based on the Transtheoretical Model (TM) have been used successfully to aid in health behavior change, few studies have examined the use of stage matched weight loss interventions in African American females. There is also a paucity of research examining the effects of stage matched weight loss interventions on …
Applying Appraisal Theories Of Emotion To The Concept Of Emotional Labor, Erin Michele Richard
Applying Appraisal Theories Of Emotion To The Concept Of Emotional Labor, Erin Michele Richard
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Interest in the role of emotions in the workplace has increased in recent years (e.g., Arvey, Renz, & Watson, 1998; Ashkanasy, Hartel, & Daus, 2002; Fisher & Ashkanasy, 2000; Muchinsky, 2000). One particular area of workplace emotions research deals with emotional labor, or the regulation of emotions as part of the work role (Hochschild, 1983). Although emotional labor research has examined the ways that individuals can regulate their emotions, this research typically is not grounded in theories of the emotion generation process (Ashton-James and Ashkanasy, 2004) and does not examine the causal effects of emotion regulation strategies on outcomes. The …
Evaluating Preference For Reinforcers Under Varying Schedule Requirements In Children With Developmental Disabilities, Tiffany Michelle Kodak
Evaluating Preference For Reinforcers Under Varying Schedule Requirements In Children With Developmental Disabilities, Tiffany Michelle Kodak
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Previous research has shown that preference for concurrently available reinforcers can be influenced by the reinforcement schedule (DeLeon, Neidert, Anders, & Rodriguez-Catter, 2001; Tustin, 1994). However, limited research has been conducted on specific variables that may influence preference under various schedule requirements. The present study evaluated the influence of task preference, schedule, and quality of reinforcement on choice between either an arbitrary reinforcer or a functional reinforcer. Five participants diagnosed with Autism participated in the study. In the first phase, we evaluated the effects of task preference and schedule of reinforcement on choice between a 30-s break and a high …
Evaluation Of Cost Effective Preference Assessments For Use In General Education Settings, Jennifer Luella Resetar
Evaluation Of Cost Effective Preference Assessments For Use In General Education Settings, Jennifer Luella Resetar
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This study investigated the effectiveness of various preference assessments when used in a general education setting. Three separate experiments were conducted to elucidate the usefulness of various forms of preference assessments with the elementary general education population. The first experiment compared the outcomes of a teacher survey, teacher ranking, child survey, and brief multiple stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessment. A Spearman rho correlation found that the indirect assessments either did not or only weakly correlated with the preference assessments. The second experiment utilized a single subject alternating treatments design to compare the reinforcing effectiveness of items identified as the …
Attribution Processes Of Stability, Controllability, And Responsibility In Impoverished Parents Of Children With And Without Behavior Disorders, Jane G. Cranford
Attribution Processes Of Stability, Controllability, And Responsibility In Impoverished Parents Of Children With And Without Behavior Disorders, Jane G. Cranford
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Social Support On Physical Health In Older Individuals, Erin M. Jackson
The Effect Of Social Support On Physical Health In Older Individuals, Erin M. Jackson
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
Do Humans Perceive Sexual Words As Threatening?, Donice Meriwether Alverson-Banks
Do Humans Perceive Sexual Words As Threatening?, Donice Meriwether Alverson-Banks
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Reinstatement Of Generation Encoding Operations On Source Decisions, Megan K. Littrell
Effects Of Reinstatement Of Generation Encoding Operations On Source Decisions, Megan K. Littrell
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
Diversity And The Effects On Accounting Students’ Ethical Awareness, Sanaz Shelia Aghazadeh
Diversity And The Effects On Accounting Students’ Ethical Awareness, Sanaz Shelia Aghazadeh
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Spaced Retrieval On Memory And Quality Of Life In Older Adults With Probable Alzheimer's Disease, Karri S. Hawley
Effects Of Spaced Retrieval On Memory And Quality Of Life In Older Adults With Probable Alzheimer's Disease, Karri S. Hawley
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This study was designed to explore the effects of spaced-retrieval training on memory and quality of life in older adults with probable Alzheimer’s disease. A total nineteen older adults with probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD) participated in these experiments. Experiment one was designed to determine whether the spacing effect is contributing to the success of the spaced-retrieval intervention. Participants were trained to recall a name-face association using either the adjusted spaced-retrieval method or a fixed interval retrieval method. The results showed a more consistent performance profile for the spaced retrieval group in comparison to the fixed interval group, providing evidence that …
Serotonin And Stress Responding In Animals: Role Of 5-Ht.2a/C Receptors In The Central And Peripheral Nervous Systems, Sarah Mathews Uzelac
Serotonin And Stress Responding In Animals: Role Of 5-Ht.2a/C Receptors In The Central And Peripheral Nervous Systems, Sarah Mathews Uzelac
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Behavioral responses to stressors can be influenced in different ways by both serotonin (5-HT) agonists and antagonists. Further study, of both different stressors as well as different 5-HT agents, is needed to clarify the place of 5-HT in stress responding. To date, no published report has investigated the influence of centrally and/or peripherally administered 5-HT2A/C agonist DOI or the 5-HT2A/C antagonist ketanserin on behaviors evoked by tail pinch or open field stressors. Five separate, related experiments were conducted to investigate this influence. It was hypothesized that that peripherally (Experiment 1), centrally (Experiment 2), and centrally + peripherally (Experiment 3) injected …
Relative Efficacy Of School-Home Notes And Classroom Based Contingencies In Low-Income Elementary School Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Jennette Lea Palcic
Relative Efficacy Of School-Home Notes And Classroom Based Contingencies In Low-Income Elementary School Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Jennette Lea Palcic
LSU Master's Theses
A great deal of evidence suggests that ADHD negatively impacts children’s academic performance and on-task behavior. School-home notes have proven to be an effective and acceptable method of classroom behavior management. A school-home note is a daily report card in which a teacher rates a student on any number of target behaviors. The note is then sent home so that the child may receive consequences contingent on that day's behavior. Although successful at decreasing off-task behavior in the classroom, treatment integrity is not always maintained at acceptable levels. Additionally, ADHD children have been shown to be more responsive to immediate …
Cognitive Adaptation's Implication On Diabetic Adherence, Martin Ancona
Cognitive Adaptation's Implication On Diabetic Adherence, Martin Ancona
LSU Master's Theses
Diabetes, affecting more than 18 million people in the United States, is an epidemic problem. The illness is usually progressive, leading to neuropathy, blindness, and limb amputation. The most common type of the illness, Type 2 diabetes, is usually controllable through a strict combination of diet, exercise, and medication. However, non-compliance, rather than compliance, to prescribed diabetes regimens is the norm. Although past research has uncovered many of the reason that diabetics may fail to adhere to their regimen, the whole puzzle has not yet been solved. This study looked at the Cognitive Adaptation Theory in relation to diabetic adherence. …
Effects Of 5-Ht2 Receptor Ligands On Tail Pinch-Induced Stress Responding And Open Field Behavior, John K. Hearn
Effects Of 5-Ht2 Receptor Ligands On Tail Pinch-Induced Stress Responding And Open Field Behavior, John K. Hearn
LSU Master's Theses
Stress is known to exert an influence on neuroendocrine, autonomic, hormonal, and immune functioning. As a result of the debilitating effects of stress on numerous bodily systems, there exists a large body of research devoted to the etiology, physiological sequelae, and treatment of the condition. Further, the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) has been implicated in stress responding. Presently, there is conflict in the literature as to the precise role serotonin plays in mediating the stress response. This study was an attempt to further elucidate the role of 5-HT in mediating an organism’s response to tail pinch stress and the open field. …
Jury Knowledge Of Eyewitness Memory: Can Jurors Use This Knowledge In The Courtroom?, Jill D. Alonzo
Jury Knowledge Of Eyewitness Memory: Can Jurors Use This Knowledge In The Courtroom?, Jill D. Alonzo
LSU Master's Theses
As a result of Daubert, trial judges were advised to only admit an expert once they determine 1) that the testimony is supported with scientific evidence and 2) would assist the trier(s) of fact. The present studies were designed to address the second criterion of admissibility by 1) assessing jurors' knowledge of eyewitness memory, and 2) determining if they can apply this knowledge when assessing mock courtroom testimony. In the first study, subjects evaluated trial transcripts of testimony concerning an eyewitness account where factors that influence eyewitness memory were present in either a negative form or a positive form. In …
Reinforcement Magnitude: An Evaluation Of Preference And Reinforcer Potency, Nicole M. Trosclair
Reinforcement Magnitude: An Evaluation Of Preference And Reinforcer Potency, Nicole M. Trosclair
LSU Master's Theses
Reinforcers that maintain problem behavior often are an integral part of treatment with differential reinforcement. Basic research suggests that various parameters of reinforcement (e.g., rate, quality, delay, and magnitude) may influence treatment outcomes. Germane to the current study, the voluminous basic literature on reinforcement magnitude indicates that this parameter may influence responding, especially in choice situations or when response requirements are systematically increased over time. Although consideration of reinforcer magnitude may be important for maximizing treatment effectiveness, relatively little is known about children’s preference for different magnitudes of reinforcement or the extent to which relative preference would be related to …
Mania And Intellectual Disability: The Course Of Mania Symptoms In Persons With Disability Over Three Years, Melissa Luke Gonzalez
Mania And Intellectual Disability: The Course Of Mania Symptoms In Persons With Disability Over Three Years, Melissa Luke Gonzalez
LSU Master's Theses
Although bipolar disorder was one of the earliest described mental illnesses, there is a dearth of research on bipolar disorder in individuals with intellectual deficits. The present study aimed to extend this literature by comparing the presence and variation of manic symptoms over time of persons with intellectual deficits with and without bipolar disorder. Three groups of individuals participated: a bipolar group, a psychopathology group (other than bipolar disorder) and a control group. Two dependent measures of mania were taken from retrospective data, Mania subscale of the DASH-II and a Criterion-referenced subscale. The presence and consistency of mania symptom endorsements …
An Examination Of Psychotropic Medication Prescription Practices Among Individuals With Mental Retardation, Ashvind Nand Singh
An Examination Of Psychotropic Medication Prescription Practices Among Individuals With Mental Retardation, Ashvind Nand Singh
LSU Master's Theses
While there is an extensive literature on the use of psychotropic medications among individuals with mental retardation, little of it has focused on the reasons for these prescriptions. Researchers have shown that the prevalence of psychotropic medication use among individuals with mental retardation is relatively high when compared to people with other disabilities and that the reasons for these drug prescriptions may not be based on rational pharmacotherapy. Data is needed on the prescribing physician’s adherence to consensus guidelines or algorithms developed to enhance rational psychopharmacotherapy. In order to do this, the rationales being used by physicians when they decide …
The Effect Of Emotion On Witness Suggestibility, Cristine Carmen Roussel
The Effect Of Emotion On Witness Suggestibility, Cristine Carmen Roussel
LSU Master's Theses
When witnesses are exposed to highly stressful and emotional events, the result is often increased arousal and a change in the pattern of attention. Both of these factors are likely to impact witnesses’ memory for the event. In addition, witnesses are often exposed to post-event information from a variety of sources (e.g., investigators, other witnesses, media reports). The goal of the present study was to explore, in the context of the eyewitness suggestibility paradigm, the impact of emotional arousal and attentional focus on event memory and the incidence of eyewitness suggestibility. A secondary goal of this study was to explore …
Efficacy Of Modified Parent Training To Facilitate Expressive Language Of Children With An Expressive Language Delay, Marie Henderson
Efficacy Of Modified Parent Training To Facilitate Expressive Language Of Children With An Expressive Language Delay, Marie Henderson
LSU Master's Theses
This study aimed to study the efficacy of a modified parent-training program on parents’ use of language facilitative techniques. The training method employed a handout and discussion of the facilitative techniques and how they could be incorporated into play time with the children. Participants included 4 parent-child dyads recruited from a school for children with language delays. Effectiveness of the training was determined by taking data on parent and child behaviors from tape recordings of parent-child play interactions that occurred in each family’s home. Results showed that parents were able to use the procedures during baseline and maintained relatively stable …
Improving Homework In Adolescents With Adhd: Comparing Training In Self- Vs. Parent-Monitoring Of Homework And Study Skills Completion, Kara J. Meyer
Improving Homework In Adolescents With Adhd: Comparing Training In Self- Vs. Parent-Monitoring Of Homework And Study Skills Completion, Kara J. Meyer
LSU Master's Theses
Self-monitoring has been proven to be effective in increasing performance, on task behavior, and homework completion in students with learning disabilities and other academic difficulties. Parent supervision and involvement in homework also has been shown to improve performance. However, the effectiveness of parent vs. self-monitoring of homework completion and test preparation has never been examined in adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The current study compared the effectiveness of self- and parent-monitoring of homework and study skills completion in middle school students with ADHD. Students were trained in the SQ4R study strategy and homework completion skills. In one group students monitored …
Ability Of College Students To Simulate Adhd On Objective Measure Of Attention, Randee Lee Booksh
Ability Of College Students To Simulate Adhd On Objective Measure Of Attention, Randee Lee Booksh
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Complaints of ADHD symptoms in college students are not uncommon and college students frequently self-refer for assessment of ADHD. Some may seek out a diagnosis to obtain academic accommodations and/or stimulant medication. Diagnosing ADHD in college students is largely reliant on self-report measures, and to a lesser extent, objective measures of attention. The typical college student has easy access to information about ADHD, potentially facilitating efforts to simulate self-reported symptoms. The present study examined the ability of college students to effectively simulate ADHD on objective and self-report measures of attention, and examined the relationship between knowledge of ADHD and ability …
The Effects Of Discrimination Training On Choice-Making Accuracy During Symbolic Perference Assessment Formats, Christina Marie Vorndran
The Effects Of Discrimination Training On Choice-Making Accuracy During Symbolic Perference Assessment Formats, Christina Marie Vorndran
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The right of individuals with developmental disabilities to live fulfilling and normalized lives has been a focus of federal legislation and applied research over the past 30 years. Research has primarily focused on the identification and incorporation of preferred items and activities into the home and community environments of these individuals. Because of cognitive and communication limitations, some individuals with developmental disabilities require training to make choices that accurately reflect their preferences. Verbal choice methods are commonly used in everyday clinical practice; however, the accuracy of these methods for identifying actual preferences depends on the individual’s ability to make auditory …
Reciprocal Peer Tutoring And Treatment Integrity Of Elementary School Students, Brian M. Esteve
Reciprocal Peer Tutoring And Treatment Integrity Of Elementary School Students, Brian M. Esteve
LSU Master's Theses
Academic concerns are the most common reason students are referred for special services in schools. This obviously leads to the necessity for schools to have secondary prevention services in place to address the needs of students who are struggling. Peer tutoring, in its various forms, has been well documented as an effective and inexpensive intervention for all academic areas. Despite the promise of peer tutoring, research evidence suggests that teachers may not consistently carry out their roles in the peer tutoring process with sufficient accuracy to ensure positive outcomes. One possible solution to this problem is to have a consultant …
The Efficacy Of Noncontingent Escape For Decreasing Disruptive Behavior During Dental Treatment, Patrick Michael O'Callaghan
The Efficacy Of Noncontingent Escape For Decreasing Disruptive Behavior During Dental Treatment, Patrick Michael O'Callaghan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Researchers have developed and demonstrated the effectiveness of a number of interventions to manage disruptive behavior in the dental setting. However, these treatments vary in terms of their effectiveness, invasiveness, effort to implement, and acceptability to families. This study evaluated the effects of noncontingent escape for reducing disruptive behavior in a pediatric dental setting. Within a multiple baseline design across subjects, five children were provided response-independent breaks via an automated cuing device. Results demonstrated reductions in escape-related behaviors (e.g., crying, body movements) for all children. Additionally, the intervention was implemented with high integrity and was favorably rated by the dental …
Comorbidity Of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Low Income Urban Youth, Karen Ann Laslie
Comorbidity Of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Low Income Urban Youth, Karen Ann Laslie
LSU Master's Theses
Chronic exposure to violence is becoming increasingly common for urban children, placing them at an increased risk of developing psychopathology. For children exposed to chronic violence, two common diagnoses are Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, symptom overlap between these disorders has made differential diagnosis difficult. Most studies looking at the comorbidity between ADHD and PTSD have focused only on maltreated children. This study is the first to look at comorbid rates of ADHD and PTSD for children exposed to chronic violence, not limited to maltreatment. Specifically, this study evaluated rates of PTSD symptoms in children with …
Relationships Among Performance On Simulated Tasks Of Decision-Making, Positive Outcome Expectancies For Mdma, And Age Of First Mdma Use, Scott Michael Patterson
Relationships Among Performance On Simulated Tasks Of Decision-Making, Positive Outcome Expectancies For Mdma, And Age Of First Mdma Use, Scott Michael Patterson
LSU Master's Theses
The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use patterns and beliefs, the Gambling Task, the delay discounting task, and the Adult Self-Report (ASR). Sixty-eight college students completed measures of substance use, social desirability, the MDMA Beliefs Questionnaire (MDMA-BQ), the Gambling Task, the delay discounting task, and the ASR. Contrary to predictions, participants who had used MDMA at least once did not vary from those who had never used MDMA on the Gambling Task, the delay discounting task, or the ASR. As predicted, MDMA users’ outcome expectancies for MDMA significantly differed from non-users. MDMA-BQ scales and …