Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- Ursinus College (5313)
- Western Kentucky University (325)
- University of North Dakota (186)
- Montana Tech Library (83)
- Chapman University (74)
-
- University of Massachusetts Boston (71)
- University of Southern Maine (70)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (55)
- Gettysburg College (54)
- Bemidji State University (48)
- Morehead State University (45)
- Claremont Colleges (42)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (42)
- Eastern Illinois University (40)
- Cal Poly Humboldt (39)
- College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University (37)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (36)
- Purdue University (34)
- University of North Florida (30)
- Old Dominion University (28)
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (27)
- Dordt University (23)
- Liberty University (23)
- US Army War College (22)
- George Fox University (21)
- University of the Pacific (19)
- University of Richmond (17)
- Portland State University (15)
- Providence College (15)
- University of Denver (15)
- Keyword
-
- Montgomery County (5307)
- Newspaper (5307)
- Pennsylvania (5307)
- Collegeville (5306)
- Trappe (5306)
-
- Norristown (4310)
- Freeland (996)
- Politics (160)
- Western Kentucky University (135)
- Hidatsa (120)
- Mandan (120)
- Nueta (119)
- Arikara (113)
- Sahnish (112)
- The Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation (106)
- Mandan Hidatsa and Arikara Nation (101)
- Kentucky (78)
- Maine (72)
- Gay (71)
- Lesbian (71)
- MLGPA (70)
- Maine Lesbian/Gay Political Alliance (70)
- EQME (68)
- EqualityMaine (68)
- Garrison Dam (62)
- United States (59)
- Elections and election campaigns (56)
- Garrison Reservoir (51)
- Alumni (41)
- Athletics (41)
- Publication
-
- The Independent Newspaper, 1898-1952 (2730)
- The Independent and Montgomery Transcript Newspaper, 1952-1984 (1599)
- Providence Independent Newspaper, 1875-1898 (977)
- Manuscript Collection Finding Aids (171)
- US Government Documents Related to Indigenous Nations (162)
-
- WKU Administration Documents (112)
- All Issues, Copper Commando, World War II (83)
- MLGPA news (1996-2004) (51)
- Political Science Theses and Capstones (47)
- Masters Theses (37)
- Humboldt Journal of Social Relations (32)
- Media Collection (30)
- Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials (24)
- The Journal of Social Encounters (24)
- International Bulletin of Political Psychology (23)
- Usher Burdick Papers (23)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (22)
- The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters (22)
- Student Publications (21)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (20)
- Masters Theses & Specialist Projects (20)
- Publications from the Center for Women in Politics and Public Policy (20)
- Digital Legal Research Lab (19)
- Trotter Review (19)
- CMC Senior Theses (17)
- Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies (17)
- History Faculty Publications (17)
- Presidential Studies Faculty Articles and Research (17)
- University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations (17)
- Equality news / EqualityMaine (2004-2008) (15)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1621 - 1650 of 7413
Full-Text Articles in American Politics
Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 68, No. 11, Wku Student Affairs
Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 68, No. 11, Wku Student Affairs
WKU Administration Documents
WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:
- Hannah, Jim. Forum to Focus on Candidates – Politicians
- Nations, Jeff. Great American Air Affair to Fly Here Saturday
- Burnham, Maria. Al Gore’s Parents Make Visit
- Bernarby, Patrick. Dungeons & Dragons: If You Keep Playing That . . . You’re Going Straight to Hell
- Graduate Student Found Guilty – Richard Raymond
- Open Records Request Denied – Student Evaluations
- WKU Choir to Perform Saturday
- AAUP Looking for New Members – American Association of University Professors
- Bryan, Angela. New Law Calls for Schools to Release Crime Reports …
Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 68, No. 10, Wku Student Affairs
Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 68, No. 10, Wku Student Affairs
WKU Administration Documents
WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:
- Lockert, Anya. Minorities: We’re Starting to Improve – Enrollment
- Burnham, Maria. Appearances Planned to Boost Party Support – Politicians
- Gilbert, Alicia. Conference Brought People from 40 States – Women’s Studies Conference
- Johnson, J.L. Students Kick, Punch Way Through Class – American Martial Arts Association
- Freshman Elections Will Be Today – Student Government Association
- Mandatory Fee Unfair to Faithful Faculty & Staff – Athletics
- Johnson, Steve. Editorial Cartoon Hilltopper Athletic Association Picking Faculty’s Pocket
- Harwood, Stan. Vote Bill Clinton / Al Gore
- Bell, Julie. Dan Quayle …
Duncan Energy V. Three Affiliated Tribes (1992), District Court Of North Dakota
Duncan Energy V. Three Affiliated Tribes (1992), District Court Of North Dakota
US Government Documents Related to Indigenous Nations
This court case, decided on September 28, 1992, established that the northeast quadrant of the Fort Berthold Reservation was part of the Reservation (therefore within tribal jurisdiction) but found that the Three Affiliated Tribes did not have taxation and employment authority over the gas and oil companies operating in that quadrant. Per Tribal Tax Code, any property on the Reservation used for business or profit is subject to a one-percent taxation and per the Tribal Employment Rights Office Ordinance (TERO), any employers within the Reservation must give preference to Native American workers. The Three Affiliated Tribes attempted to levy a …
Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 68, No. 9, Wku Student Affairs
Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 68, No. 9, Wku Student Affairs
WKU Administration Documents
WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:
- Whitely, Jason. Hillary Clinton Sees Future in Eyes of 10-Year-Old – Asa Sparks
- Lockert, Anya. Life Without Cars Drives Some Students Crazy
- Bryan, Angela. Former Food Services Employee Is Arresed – Howard Lindsey, Dining Services
- Cassady, Pam. Conference Focuses on Contributions, Ideas – Women’s Studies Conference
- Kentucky Building Has New Hours
- Busser, J.D. Hillary Clinton Draws Reactions from Students
- Recycle: Do Your Part for Mother Earth
- Johnson, Steve. Editorial Cartoon Trees Thanking WKU for Recycling
- Landers, Denise & Britt Callender. Resident Assistants Here to Help …
Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 68, No. 8, Wku Student Affairs
Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 68, No. 8, Wku Student Affairs
WKU Administration Documents
WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:
- Lindenberger, Michael. Hillary Clinton to Visit Today
- Burnham, Maria. Dan Quayle: Plans to Put Economy On Track
- James, Becky. Water Washes Out Library Basement – Helm-Cravens Library
- Cooley, Tammy. Faculty Couples Share Lives, Work At Western
- Faculty Senate Meets Today
- Sizemore, Jeff. What’s In a Name? – Housing & Residence Life
- Staynings, Mark. Drop Dorm Debate
- Gregory, Randall. Bug Problem Not Students’ Fault – Housing & Residence Life
- Dull, Stacy. Vote Republican
- Botsaris, Penelope. Boyfriends: If He Leaves Me, I’ll Just Dye . . . …
Voting Policy And Voter Participation: The Legacy Of The 1980s, Alex Willingham
Voting Policy And Voter Participation: The Legacy Of The 1980s, Alex Willingham
Trotter Review
It has been widely recognized, at least since the Selma march during the civil rights movement, that the interests of black citizens and other minorities are directly connected to their capacity to participate in the political process and to public policies that protect that option. The clear message of the Selma demonstration was that, for a people constrained by a broad range of oppressive racist structures, voting is a basic resource for protecting all other rights. Further, it was clear that those who control power will restrict access to the ballot as their main line of defense.
Vote Dilution Research: Methods Of Analysis, Sheila Ards, Marjorie Lewis
Vote Dilution Research: Methods Of Analysis, Sheila Ards, Marjorie Lewis
Trotter Review
Why have issues which disproportionately affect African Americans not been brought to the policy forefront and given attention properly so that effective solutions can be found? Because of their roles as controllers of the government's budget, politicians and other policy makers decide which problems will be addressed. It is important, therefore, that African Americans elect political candidates of their choice. In the past, African Americans largely were outside the arena of public policy setting. Thus, solutions to problems which disproportionately affected African Americans were not pursued.
Race And Presidential Politics '92: The Challenge To Go Another Way, May Louie
Race And Presidential Politics '92: The Challenge To Go Another Way, May Louie
Trotter Review
At presidential election time in 1992, America is once again looking at limited political options for national leadership. The Republican party platform is its most conservative ever. The Democratic party ticket is dominated by southern Dixiecrats. And we who have marched and organized, and risked and sacrificed much for racial equality and political empowerment, must now match our sense of foreboding with our determination to meet the challenge before us. Jesse Jackson's 1984 and 1988 nation-shaking, agenda-setting presidential campaigns took us to places we had never been before and gave us a glimpse at the possibility of racial and economic …
A Moral Appeal To President George Bush, Jesse Jackson
A Moral Appeal To President George Bush, Jesse Jackson
Trotter Review
The following is the text of a letter written by Reverend Jesse Jackson to President George Bush dated May 1, 1991, as a plea for statehood for the District of Columbia, where 650,000 citizens are politically disenfranchised.
Black Women And The American Political System, Dorothy A. Clark
Black Women And The American Political System, Dorothy A. Clark
Trotter Review
Black women and politics—it is an association rarely made by the American electorate. As a group, black women have never been prominent players in the nation's political arena. In a system of decision making and power holding designed and dominated by white men, black women are an alien group in the formal political process. Their participation in that process has been limited—indeed often blocked—by a hierarchical system of race, gender, and class oppression that relegates black women to the lowest rungs of the political power ladder.
Ron Daniels: Profile Of A Presidential Candidate, Harold Horton
Ron Daniels: Profile Of A Presidential Candidate, Harold Horton
Trotter Review
The mass media has said very little about it, but Ron Daniels, an African American, is a presidential candidate. In 1988, Daniels was the southern regional coordinator and deputy campaign manager for Jesse Jackson's campaign. Daniels, a veteran social and political activist as well as former director of the National Rainbow Coalition, declared his candidacy for president at a news conference October 14, 1991.
From 1974 to 1980, Daniels served as president of the National Black Political Assembly and in 1980, he was the chairperson of the founding convention of the National Black Independent Political Party. Daniels was the convener …
A Historic Moment: Black Voters And The 1992 Presidential Race, Clarence Lusane
A Historic Moment: Black Voters And The 1992 Presidential Race, Clarence Lusane
Trotter Review
November 2, 1991, may well be remembered as a watershed date in the unique and quixotic 1992 presidential race. On that day, stating that he would "not seek the nomination for the Democratic Party," Jesse Jackson backed out of the presidential campaign spotlight and started a chain reaction that has put the black vote in perhaps its least influential position since before 1984.
Extremely low black voter turnout was one of the most significant trends of the 1992 primaries. In the Democratic contests, Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton won an impressive percentage of black votes, about 70 percent. However, those votes …
Introduction, James Jennings
Introduction, James Jennings
Trotter Review
This special issue of the Trotter Review is devoted to a broad range of topics related to race, power, and voting. Although voting is a critically important political tool for black America, the vote does not necessarily guarantee that a group will enjoy power in society. At the same time that we seek greater rates of voter registration and turnout at all levels of the electoral process, we must also continue to struggle towards an agenda that delivers power to the black community.
The issue opens with an explanation of why statehood for Washington, D.C., should be a key item …
Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 68, No. 3, Wku Student Affairs
Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 68, No. 3, Wku Student Affairs
WKU Administration Documents
WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:
- Bryan, Angela. Death of Student May Be Solved – Kristi Hedden
- Hannah, Jim. You Rang? Concierge Offers All Kinds of Services – Marriott, Housing & Residence Life
- Burnham, Maria. Students Wanting Change Support Bill Clinton
- Provano, Jennifer. Class Puts A in Accessories – Perspectives of Dress
- Students Need to Be Serious With Evaluations
- Johnson, Steve. Editorial Cartoon Thomas Coohill Erasing Student Body’s Trust
- Brown, Larry. Lambda Society Welcomes Gays
- Stockton, Mary, et al. Marriott Coffee More Expensive – Dining Services
- Shepherd, Katherine. Changes Promised But …
President Reagan's Rhetorical War Against Nicaraugua, 1981-1987, Donald Morton
President Reagan's Rhetorical War Against Nicaraugua, 1981-1987, Donald Morton
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The Reagan administration launched a two term campaign to win support for the Contra rebels fighting Nicaragua. The rhetorical war began in secrecy and ended in scandal. With Reagan's reputation as a "great communicator" and the priority he assigned to the Contra cause it seemed surprising to find virtually nothing on the topic in a search of the communication journals through mid 1992.
The central research question of this thesis is whether President Reagan used rhetorical strategies and similar depictions to other presidents in his prowar rhetoric against Nicaragua. A common theme of war rhetoric is the dehumanizing of the …
"Working The Political Engine": Sam Adams And The Spread Of Revolution In Provincial Massachusetts, Kirk G. Bast
"Working The Political Engine": Sam Adams And The Spread Of Revolution In Provincial Massachusetts, Kirk G. Bast
Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)
Since the Revolutionary crisis with Britain began, people have debated Samuel Adam’s role in America’s break from the Empire. Currently, scholars are particularly interested in Adams ’ influence over both the people of Boston and other inhabitants of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, as they resisted British regulations. Was he able to manipulate crowd and mob behavior to enhance provincial fervor? Key to understanding Adams' influence is his conversion of rural Massachusetts to revolutionary sentiment. The purpose of this project is to assess Adam’s impact as a propagandist from the mid-1760s to the early 1770s.
General Index To Research Notes For: A History Of Blacks In Kentucky, Part Iii, Marion B. Lucas
General Index To Research Notes For: A History Of Blacks In Kentucky, Part Iii, Marion B. Lucas
Kentucky History
This index, general in nature, is organized under seventeen larger topics:
- Camp Nelson
- Slavery
- Slave Hiring
- Free Blacks
- Underground Railroad - Fugitives
- Post-Civil War Living Conditions
- Society & Culture - Medical Care
- Professions - Employment
- Freedmen's Bureau
- Civil Rights
- Politics
- Recreation
- Population
- Segregation- Changes in the 1890s
- Civil War
- Education
- Religion
Under these general headings, there are numerous subtopics. The research notes are numbered and presented in numerical order, and they are searchable by note numbers, names, dates, events, and topics (occasional hand-written numbers may not appear in searches). There are no missing notes, but there are occasional missing numbers, …
General Index To Research Notes For: A History Of Blacks In Kentucky, Part I, Marion B. Lucas
General Index To Research Notes For: A History Of Blacks In Kentucky, Part I, Marion B. Lucas
Kentucky History
This index, general in nature, is organized under seventeen larger topics:
- Camp Nelson
- Slavery
- Slave Hiring
- Free Blacks
- Underground Railroad - Fugitives
- Post-Civil War Living Conditions
- Society & Culture - Medical Care
- Professions - Employment
- Freedmen's Bureau
- Civil Rights
- Politics
- Recreation
- Population
- Segregation- Changes in the 1890s
- Civil War
- Education
- Religion
Under these general headings, there are numerous subtopics. The research notes are numbered and presented in numerical order, and they are searchable by note numbers, names, dates, events, and topics (occasional hand-written numbers may not appear in searches). There are no missing notes, but there are occasional missing numbers, …
General Index To Research Notes For: A History Of Blacks In Kentucky, Part Iv, Marion B. Lucas
General Index To Research Notes For: A History Of Blacks In Kentucky, Part Iv, Marion B. Lucas
Kentucky History
This index, general in nature, is organized under seventeen larger topics:
- Camp Nelson
- Slavery
- Slave Hiring
- Free Blacks
- Underground Railroad - Fugitives
- Post-Civil War Living Conditions
- Society & Culture - Medical Care
- Professions - Employment
- Freedmen's Bureau
- Civil Rights
- Politics
- Recreation
- Population
- Segregation- Changes in the 1890s
- Civil War
- Education
- Religion
Under these general headings, there are numerous subtopics. The research notes are numbered and presented in numerical order, and they are searchable by note numbers, names, dates, events, and topics (occasional hand-written numbers may not appear in searches). There are no missing notes, but there are occasional missing numbers, …
General Index To Research Notes For: A History Of Blacks In Kentucky, Part Ii, Marion B. Lucas
General Index To Research Notes For: A History Of Blacks In Kentucky, Part Ii, Marion B. Lucas
Kentucky History
This index, general in nature, is organized under seventeen larger topics:
- Camp Nelson
- Slavery
- Slave Hiring
- Free Blacks
- Underground Railroad - Fugitives
- Post-Civil War Living Conditions
- Society & Culture - Medical Care
- Professions - Employment
- Freedmen's Bureau
- Civil Rights
- Politics
- Recreation
- Population
- Segregation- Changes in the 1890s
- Civil War
- Education
- Religion
Under these general headings, there are numerous subtopics. The research notes are numbered and presented in numerical order, and they are searchable by note numbers, names, dates, events, and topics (occasional hand-written numbers may not appear in searches). There are no missing notes, but there are occasional missing numbers, …
Thoughts On Black Conservativism: A Review Essay, Martin Kilson
Thoughts On Black Conservativism: A Review Essay, Martin Kilson
Trotter Review
In Reflections of an Affirmative Action Baby, Stephen L. Carter, an Afro-American law professor at Yale University, has written a wide-ranging book on affirmative action policy. Like numerous other books on the subject, Carter covers the issues of its legitimacy as policy, white opposition, impact on black mobility, and contradictions faced by universities in administering affirmative action. Carter also offers a new area of discussion — namely, the evolving division among Afro-Americans regarding affirmative action, allocating six of eleven chapters to facets of this issue. Carter uses his own experiences to frame these discussions — a mode of discourse …
John Quincy Adams As Minister To Russia, 1809-1814: The Ideals And Realities Confronting His Mission, Mary Elizabeth Willwerth
John Quincy Adams As Minister To Russia, 1809-1814: The Ideals And Realities Confronting His Mission, Mary Elizabeth Willwerth
Masters Theses
To John Quincy Adams, the early nineteenth century proved itself to be not only a struggle for American independence from Europe, but a struggle for the eighteenth century ideal of the recently formed American philosophy of government. This unique philosophy inspired by key figures of the American Enlightenment, such as Thomas Paine, Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson, incorporated the vision of America leading the way of enlightened world governments.
Son of the proud American revolutionary, John Adams, John Quincy Adams continued to follow the basic axioms of his father's generation and implement their basic ideals within his own various careers …
The U.S. State Department Position At The Geneva Conference On Indochina In 1954, Eva Dragosits
The U.S. State Department Position At The Geneva Conference On Indochina In 1954, Eva Dragosits
Masters Theses
This paper intends to provide a coherent analysis of the United States position at the Geneva Conference on Indochina in 1954. The paper is based on U.S. State Department documents, edited in 1981 in the Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS) series.
At the Berlin Conference in January 1954, the French, against the will of the United States, placed Indochina on the agenda of the Geneva Conference, which was to start on May 8, 1954. The United States, concerned that the French might accept an unfavorable Communist settlement, regarded participation in the Conference as essential in light of their …
Culver Kidd Papers, Zach S. Henderson Library Special Collections
Culver Kidd Papers, Zach S. Henderson Library Special Collections
Finding Aids
This collection consists of the legislative and family papers of Culver Kidd from 1939-1992. Materials include legislative committee files particularly those of the Senate Committee on Governmental Operations; files relating to State agencies, state employees-merit system, legislative issues, constituency affairs, general legislative work, Georgia affairs, people, and campaign files.
Find this collection in the University Libraries' catalog.
Watergate Revisited, Fred Smoller
Watergate Revisited, Fred Smoller
Political Science Faculty Articles and Research
This article focuses on the Watergate Scandal of 1972.
Love And Power: The Rule Of Religion And Morality In American Politics, Gerard V. Bradley
Love And Power: The Rule Of Religion And Morality In American Politics, Gerard V. Bradley
Journal Articles
Perry, Michael J. Love and Power: The Rule of Religion and Morality in American Politics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. viii + 218 pp. $29.95
The author's introduces this sequel to his Morality, Politics, and Law as an extended gloss on John Noonan's statement that the "central problem of the legal enterprise is the relation of love to power." The renown of its author ensures that Love and Power will become a focal point in legal academic discussion of its central concern: the proper relation between morality, particularly religious morality, political choice, and public deliberation "in a morally …
Implementing Certain Recommendations Of The Garrison Unit Joint Tribal Advisory Committee Regarding The Entitlement Of The Three Affiliated Tribes And The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe To Additional Financial Compensation For The Taking Of Reservation Lands For The Site Of The Garrison Dam And Reservoir And The Oahe Dam And Reservoir And For Other Purposes, United States Congress, Us House Of Representatives
Implementing Certain Recommendations Of The Garrison Unit Joint Tribal Advisory Committee Regarding The Entitlement Of The Three Affiliated Tribes And The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe To Additional Financial Compensation For The Taking Of Reservation Lands For The Site Of The Garrison Dam And Reservoir And The Oahe Dam And Reservoir And For Other Purposes, United States Congress, Us House Of Representatives
US Government Documents Related to Indigenous Nations
This report from the United States (US) House Select Committee on Indian Affairs, dated November 26, 1991, was written to accompany US Senate Bill 168 which aimed to provide the Three Affiliated Tribes and Standing Rock Sioux with fair compensation for lands taken for construction of the Garrison Dam and Oahe Dam as well as the return of land that was taken but not used for the dam projects. The report summarizes the background and need for US Senate Bill 168, and it acknowledges that the implementation of the Pick-Sloan Plan effectively forced the Three Affiliated tribes off their land …
Beyond The Party-Group Continuum: Massachusetts Interest Groups In The 1980s, John C. Berg
Beyond The Party-Group Continuum: Massachusetts Interest Groups In The 1980s, John C. Berg
New England Journal of Public Policy
Studies in the 1960s determined that Massachusetts had strong parties and weak interest groups. In the 1970s and 1980s, as the Republican Party shrank, party competition declined, conflict with the Democratic Party grew, and interest groups gained more importance — and probably will remain important despite the Republican gains of 1990. However, group conflict and citizen mobilization, including increased use of the initiative and referendum, create a situation of interest-centered conflict rather than interest-group dominance as traditionally conceived. This article, based on a 1987 survey of state legislators and legislative aides, plus a summary of recent Massachusetts political history, assesses …
The Origins Of The Department Of Defense Recommendation To Cross The 38th Parallel During The Korean War, Wayne A. Kirkbride
The Origins Of The Department Of Defense Recommendation To Cross The 38th Parallel During The Korean War, Wayne A. Kirkbride
Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations
This thesis considers the reasons the Department of Defense (DOD) developed its recommendation concerning the U.S. involvement in the Korean War. The United states initially committed its forces to restore the status quo antebellum. However, by 31 July 1950, the DOD recommended that a free, unified, and representative Korea should be the policy object of the war and that the occupation of all of Korea and the defeat of the North Korean armed forces north and south of the 38th Parallel should be the military objectives.
Several factors contributed to the recommendation of a change in policy and strategy. A …
Inter-American Indemnity: Internal Security And The Mutual Security Program For Latin America (1951-1961), Robert George Baker
Inter-American Indemnity: Internal Security And The Mutual Security Program For Latin America (1951-1961), Robert George Baker
Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations
This thesis examines the purpose of U.S. military aid in the American Republics from 1951 through 1961 and proves that concern for internal security became dominant during that period. At first military aid supported hemispheric defense against communist aggression, which Washington orchestrated through mutual defense agreements, but by 1953 maintenance of internal security emerged as the major aim of aid to several Central American nations. In 1956 the National Security Council determined that internal security was a vital goal of the military aid program for Latin America. The ascendance of internal security concerns is described and analyzed in three parts: …