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2019

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Articles 571 - 600 of 1398

Full-Text Articles in Political Science

A Review Of Modern Development, Ernest M. Oleksy May 2019

A Review Of Modern Development, Ernest M. Oleksy

The Downtown Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal Written and Peer-Reviewed by Mandel Honors College Students at Cleveland State University

To better understand the historical and sociological impact of modern development, I conducted a literature review to compare and contrast varying viewpoints on development’s legacy. The official start of the modern era of development begins with President Truman’s 1949 speech that declared global poverty a threat to all nations since it could lead to communism. WWII resulted in social problems unresolvable for any one nation: Europe was war-torn, the aftereffects of the Great Depression were significant, and multiple Asian nations grappled with humanitarian tragedies. WWII fomented nationalism in many countries worldwide, resulting in wars of liberation. In response, the First …

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Does Money Indeed Buy Happiness? “The Forms Of Capital” In Fitzgerald’S Gatsby And Watts’ No One Is Coming To Save Us, Allie Harrison Vernon May 2019

Does Money Indeed Buy Happiness? “The Forms Of Capital” In Fitzgerald’S Gatsby And Watts’ No One Is Coming To Save Us, Allie Harrison Vernon

English (MA) Theses

Looking primarily at two critically acclaimed texts that concern themselves with American citizenship—F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and Stephanie Powell Watts’ No One is Coming to Save Us—I analyze the claims made about citizenship identities, rights, and consequential access to said rights. I ask, how do these narratives about citizenship sustain, create, or re-envision American myth? Similarly, how do the narratives interact with the dominant culture at large? Do any of these texts achieve oppositional value, and/or modify the complex hegemonic structure? I use Pierre Bourdieu’s “The Forms of Capital” to investigate the ways in which economic, cultural, …

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Power Sharing And The Rule Of Law In The Aftermath Of Civil War, Caroline A. Hartzell, Matthew Hoddie May 2019

Power Sharing And The Rule Of Law In The Aftermath Of Civil War, Caroline A. Hartzell, Matthew Hoddie

Political Science Faculty Publications

What effect do power-sharing institutions agreed to as part of civil war settlements have on the development of the rule of law in post–civil war states? We contend that power-sharing measures facilitate the emergence of the rule of law in two ways. First, they establish a form of institutional constraint that promotes judicial autonomy and independence. Second, they foster a sense of security among judges and other political actors that bolsters commitment to the law. We demonstrate the plausibility of a positive relationship between power sharing and the rule of law through an analysis of post–civil war states between the …

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Typed Document: Course Description, Edna Louise Saffy May 2019

Typed Document: Course Description, Edna Louise Saffy

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

Graduate Speech course description and brief biography for Dr. Saffy, Ph.D. No date given.

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Typed Document: Introduction Outline, Edna Louise Saffy May 2019

Typed Document: Introduction Outline, Edna Louise Saffy

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

Introduction to Dr. Saffy and the course including outline, defined terms and a brief history of early rhetoric. No date given.

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Typed Document: The Objective Of Ancient Athenian Rhetoric, Edna Louise Saffy May 2019

Typed Document: The Objective Of Ancient Athenian Rhetoric, Edna Louise Saffy

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

The objective of Ancient Athenian Rhetoric and notes for the first lecture. No date given.

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Typed Document: Second Class Meeting Assignments, Edna Louise Saffy May 2019

Typed Document: Second Class Meeting Assignments, Edna Louise Saffy

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

Assignment outline for the second class meeting. No date given.

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Typed Document: Third Class Meeting, Edna Louise Saffy May 2019

Typed Document: Third Class Meeting, Edna Louise Saffy

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

Outline for the third meeting class. No date given.

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Politics And Society After Violent Conflict, Dino Hadzic May 2019

Politics And Society After Violent Conflict, Dino Hadzic

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation, I examine how elite rhetoric about past inter-group violence affects citizens’ post-conflict social and political attitudes. To do so, I conducted a survey experiment in the post-conflict country of Bosnia. In the first substantive chapter, I find that when individuals are reminded of the violence that was committed against their co-ethnics, they adopt negative views of out-group members. However, in the subsequent chapter, I find little evidence that this rhetoric induces individuals to ostracize co-ethnics who socially engage with out-groups. Combined, these findings indicate that (1) rhetoric about past violence makes reconciliation less likely by engendering negative …

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Three Essays On Separation Of Powers And Competitive Elections, Myunghoon Kang May 2019

Three Essays On Separation Of Powers And Competitive Elections, Myunghoon Kang

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation examines how separation of powers and competitive elections affect the policymaking process at its various stages. First, I explore how the super-majoritarian rule in the legislature, which is the consequence of separation of powers, affects votersˆa electoral decisions, which in turn indirectly affects the policy outcome. I demonstrate that the super-majoritarian rule of the legislative policymaking process creates not only a legislative gridlock but also incentives that lead some districts to strategically elect more ideologically extreme delegates in certain circumstances, which expands the legislative gridlock region. Second, I examine when competitive elections can restrain the president’s unilateral policymaking …

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A Visual Political World: Determinants And Effects Of Visual Content, Silvia Michelle Torres Pacheco May 2019

A Visual Political World: Determinants And Effects Of Visual Content, Silvia Michelle Torres Pacheco

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Political communication is a central element of several political dynamics. Its visual component is crucial in understanding the origin, characteristics and consequences of the messages sent between political figures, media and citizens. However, visual features have been largely overlooked in Political Science. Thus, in this dissertation, I introduce, describe and apply computer vision techniques for the analysis and processing of visual material, in order to not only improve data collection and visual content extraction, but also the understanding of the effects that visual components have on relevant political variables. In the first main chapter of this project, I implement computer …

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Conservatives In The Classroom: Targeted Or Apathetic?, Emma Nordmeyer May 2019

Conservatives In The Classroom: Targeted Or Apathetic?, Emma Nordmeyer

Sociology: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

In the 21st Century U.S., college and university classrooms have become a hotbed of political debate. Conservative students decry "liberal indoctrination" in the liberal arts setting. In this paper, I analyze attitudes towards classes across the political spectrum. I found that while liberals have more positive views of class, conservatives have a wider range of attitudes. This study points to divisions within the right wing.

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Understanding Ngos And Their Effectiveness Through A Comparative Study Of Their Role In Redd+, Jessica Russo May 2019

Understanding Ngos And Their Effectiveness Through A Comparative Study Of Their Role In Redd+, Jessica Russo

Political Science Student Scholarship

This thesis explores the following question: what roles do NGOs play and how effective may they be in efforts at global governance? Through a comparative case study analysis of NGOs advocating for Reducing Emissions for Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) and NGOs implementing REDD+ projects, specifically the Surui Forest Carbon Project located in the state of Rondônia, Brazil, I examine whether NGOs are more effective taking on the role as advocates or policy implementers. For this work, I will argue that independent of the multiplicity of roles that NGOs play, their effectiveness is a function of the level of their …

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A Case For A Moral Theory Of Property: How Digital Copyright Reveals The Insufficiency Of Hume's Pragmatic Justification Of Ownership, Mattew Davis May 2019

A Case For A Moral Theory Of Property: How Digital Copyright Reveals The Insufficiency Of Hume's Pragmatic Justification Of Ownership, Mattew Davis

Honors Theses

This paper addresses the following questions: Why does property exist? How does one come to own something? In it, the author attempts to answer these questions by comparing the property theories of political theorists John Locke and David Hume with modern U.S. copyright law, with a special focus on digital copyrights. The purpose of this comparison is to identify principles and explanations of property that are consistent between seventeenth- and eighteenth-century political theories and modern laws. The product of this comparison is the discovery that Locke, Hume, and U.S. Copyright Law either use labor as a metric for ownership or …

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Environmental Racism: Nuclear Waste As An Agent Of Oppression?, Andrea Boeckers May 2019

Environmental Racism: Nuclear Waste As An Agent Of Oppression?, Andrea Boeckers

Across the Bridge: The Merrimack Undergraduate Research Journal

This research seeks to analyze the decision-making processes of managing nuclear waste for countries dealing with this problem, as well as the interplay between national and local governments, private companies, the populace, and native nations. The long-term storage of nuclear waste is a serious global problem, and despite the millions of people enjoying the benefits of nuclear power, most refuse to accept the burdens associated with its waste. The driving question for this research largely ties to how governments attempt to designate who will bear the burden of these wastes. When a problem needs to be solved, yet there are …

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Typed Document: The College And University Women’S Public Leadership Consortium May 2019

Typed Document: The College And University Women’S Public Leadership Consortium

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

Outstanding Senior Women Leadership Award list. Typed on The College and University Women's Public Leadership Consortium letterhead. No date given.

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Typed Document: The College And University Women’S Public Leadership Consortium Mentors May 2019

Typed Document: The College And University Women’S Public Leadership Consortium Mentors

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

List of mentors for The College and University Women's Public Leadership Consortium. No date given Box: 7 Folder: 15

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Printed Material: Women In American History May 2019

Printed Material: Women In American History

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

A list of descriptions of women in American history and a list of names, match the name to the correct description. Includes a key of correct answers. No. date given.

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Testing Tocqueville: The Political Theory Of The “Mayflower Compact” And Its Legacy, Vanessa Sherman May 2019

Testing Tocqueville: The Political Theory Of The “Mayflower Compact” And Its Legacy, Vanessa Sherman

Honors Program Theses and Projects

The question of religion’s place in American political thought and practice continues to be a divisive issue. Critics of religion’s importance (Pangle 1988; Zuckert 1996) point to the centrality of natural rights liberal thought in The Declaration of Independence while proponents of religion’s importance frequently employ Alexis de Tocqueville’s account of religion in America in support of their arguments (see Allen 1998; Kessler 1992; and Tessitore 2002). In Democracy in America, Tocqueville (2000, 35) identifies the date of America’s founding as 1620 and, in doing so, argues that “there is not one opinion, one habit, one law, I could say …

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Equality In Education: Solutions Aimed At Closing The Achievement Gap In Mississippi Public Schools, Mallie E. Imbler May 2019

Equality In Education: Solutions Aimed At Closing The Achievement Gap In Mississippi Public Schools, Mallie E. Imbler

Honors Theses

This thesis attempts to examine solutions aimed at closing the achievement gap in Mississippi public schools. The research questions that are addressed in this thesis include: a) Why is the achievement gap part of policy debates in Mississippi and how have individ-ual school districts and policymakers responded to the gap? b) How is the gap measured and what are the trends since 2001 when the No Child Left Behind Act was adopted? c) How are achievement gap debates reflected in the current policy? d) Have any of the past national education policies been effective in decreasing the achievement gap? The …

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Silence As A Strategy, Jarvis L. Steele May 2019

Silence As A Strategy, Jarvis L. Steele

Honors College Theses

Understanding the struggle that is peaceful protest is a task that has two unexplored components. The first is how leaders of political movements and protest groups are able to influence the masses to not waiver in their non-violent, peaceful approach. The second is how political groups learn from the failures and successes of the previous campaigns. We are given these circumstances where governmental violence and abuse would normally lead to a retaliatory response from groups, but in order to maintain the fidelity of the movement leaders of these political protests have to protect the nonviolent approach. These are instances where …

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Assessing The Applicability Of Christian Just War Theory To The U.S. Use Of Drones In North Waziristan, Pakistan, Seneca H. Forch May 2019

Assessing The Applicability Of Christian Just War Theory To The U.S. Use Of Drones In North Waziristan, Pakistan, Seneca H. Forch

Honors College Theses

Just War Theory offers a three-tiered framework of criterion to determine whether or not conduct in various stages of war is rightly observed by state and non-state actors. These criterion are defined under Jus ad Bellum (pre-war), Jus in Bello (during war) and Jus Post Bellum (after the war). Various cultural and religious traditions have outlined its own views on just war theory, and have applied it to the use and development and of advanced war technologies. Using the Christian lens of Just War Theory, this paper seeks to find out whether or not it is a sin to use …

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Institutional Ambition And The Decline Of Congress, Ryan A. Case May 2019

Institutional Ambition And The Decline Of Congress, Ryan A. Case

Honors Theses

According to James Madison's theory of separated powers, ambition among members of each branch of government should prevent one branch from usurping the powers of another. However, this is hard to reconcile with the modern trend of congressional decline and executive aggrandizement. This paper takes a historical and developmental approach to argue that the informal changes to the American Constitution that took place throughout the 20th century combined with the modern trends of polarization and weak citizenship have left Congress weak and Madison's theory ineffective.

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Shaming Citizens: An Ethical Framework For Correcting Citizen Vices, Alfredo Y. Hernandez May 2019

Shaming Citizens: An Ethical Framework For Correcting Citizen Vices, Alfredo Y. Hernandez

Honors Thesis

This paper answers the question—can citizens be shamed in a manner that is morally justifiable—by forwarding a theory of just shaming. Shaming has a divisive history in political theory. The volumes of work on both sides seems to point at a moral dilemma: shame looks to be a helpful social practice, yet it engenders unignorable negative consequences. In this paper, however, I argue that shaming in politics must be analyzed more in terms of when and how shaming is morally permissible. Shaming, employed in moments of citizen vice only, has to potential to reform citizen conduct. Furthermore, approaching …

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Sahrawi Self-Determination Within Existing Borders: Adapting The Right To Self Determination To Modern International Norms, Alma Ruedas May 2019

Sahrawi Self-Determination Within Existing Borders: Adapting The Right To Self Determination To Modern International Norms, Alma Ruedas

Student Research Symposium

This paper provides an overview of the attitudes towards the Sahrawi people and the POLISARIO Front in Algeria and Morocco, with a more specific focus on how these latter have impacted their endeavour to establish the former’s own sovereign state. The paper provides background on the political, social, and economic, atmospheres in both countries, to contextualise the modern state of democratic institutions and voter engagement. With this information in mind, several potential pathways forward are presented for Sahrawi self-determination, weighing the pros and cons of seeking political representation within existing states, or through secession.

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Spatial Tools For Case Selection: Using Lisa Statistics To Design Mixed-Methods Research, Matthew C. Ingram, Imke Harbers May 2019

Spatial Tools For Case Selection: Using Lisa Statistics To Design Mixed-Methods Research, Matthew C. Ingram, Imke Harbers

Political Science Faculty Scholarship

Mixed-methods designs, especially those in which case selection is regression-based, have become popular across the social sciences. In this paper, we highlight why tools from spatial analysis—which have largely been overlooked in the mixed-methods literature—can be used for case selection and be particularly fruitful for theory development. We discuss two tools for integrating quantitative and qualitative analysis: (1) spatial autocorrelation in the outcome of interest; and (2) spatial autocorrelation in the residuals of a regression model. The case selection strategies presented here enable scholars to systematically use geography to learn more about their data and select cases that help identify …

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Every Data Point Counts: Political Elections In The Age Of Digital Analytics, Julian Kehle, Samir Naimi May 2019

Every Data Point Counts: Political Elections In The Age Of Digital Analytics, Julian Kehle, Samir Naimi

Honors Thesis

Synthesizing the investigative research and cautionary messages from experts in the fields of technology, political science, and behavioral science, this project explores the ways in which digital analytics has begun to influence the American political arena. Historically, political parties have constructed systems to target voters and win elections. However, rapid changes in the field of technology (such as big data, artificial intelligence, and the prevalence of social media) threaten to undermine the integrity of elections themselves. Future political campaigns will utilize profiling to micro-target individuals in order to manipulate and persuade them with hyper-personalized political content. Most dangerously, the average …

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Does Students United Really Help State Funding For Higher Education: Analyzing The Strength Of State Student Associations Effect On State Higher Education Funding In The U.S. (2013-2018), Mike Mcneely May 2019

Does Students United Really Help State Funding For Higher Education: Analyzing The Strength Of State Student Associations Effect On State Higher Education Funding In The U.S. (2013-2018), Mike Mcneely

Political Science Theses and Capstones

There are many different types of state student associations (SSAs). They simply work as a form of student systems. These organizations seek to represent their respective public college or university while also being a voice for state students. SSAs also lobby on big issues such as higher education funding at the state level. I evaluate the overall success of SSA types and higher education funding in the United States between 2013 and 2018. In order to test competing higher education funding theories and my thesis I used Phillip H. Pollock III’s states data (Pollock III, 2016) and Grapevine data from …

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Battle For The Minds: Use Of Propaganda Films In Stalinist Russia And Nazi Germany, David Rosenblum May 2019

Battle For The Minds: Use Of Propaganda Films In Stalinist Russia And Nazi Germany, David Rosenblum

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Since the end of the Second World War, scholars and experts have examined the use of cinema in spreading totalitarian propaganda. Nazi Germany, in particular, has caught the most attention. However, most of these studies focus exclusively on one nation, and relatively few studies have tried to directly compare the cinematic propaganda of different countries. This study aims to directly compare cinematic propaganda of Stalinist-era Russia and Nazi Germany and find out who utilized the medium of film more effectively. To accomplish this, this study will examine and directly compare several critical components, such as industry structure and artistic merits, …

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Donald Trump Did A “Very Good” Job: A Rhetorical Analysis Of Candidate Trump’S Campaign Speeches, Caroline Mohan May 2019

Donald Trump Did A “Very Good” Job: A Rhetorical Analysis Of Candidate Trump’S Campaign Speeches, Caroline Mohan

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Since mid-2015, Donald Trump has shaken the political arena with an unprecedented yet effective public rhetorical repertoire. Regardless of alleged scandals, frequent social media usage, and extemporaneous and fiery rally speeches, the president’s approval ratings remain steady and he continues to move forward in his international and local political endeavors. Though these factors often posed large obstacles for past presidents, Trump has overcome them by use of audience identification, transparency, honorific pandering, and shrewd control of a vulnerable political sphere. In this study, rhetorician Kenneth Burke’s fantasy-theme and cluster criticisms are used to analyze Trump’s overall rhetorical themes, in social …

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