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Articles 181 - 210 of 667
Full-Text Articles in Political Science
Anwar Ibrahim: Forgiveness, Character And Values Can Rescue Malaysia, Singapore Management University
Anwar Ibrahim: Forgiveness, Character And Values Can Rescue Malaysia, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
Anwar returned to the political fray for the country's youth despite the threat of imprisonment; they can rebuild the country with principles and tenacity of purpose
Conceptualizing And Measuring Women’S Political Leadership: From Presence To Balance, Devin K. Joshi, Ryan Goehrung
Conceptualizing And Measuring Women’S Political Leadership: From Presence To Balance, Devin K. Joshi, Ryan Goehrung
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This article conceptualizes an innovative understanding and measurement of women's political leadership, theoretically justifies its application, and analyzes contemporary variation in its patterns through comparative case studies. In recent years, scholars of comparative government have studied with great interest the election of female prime ministers and presidents (e.g., Derichs and Thompson 2013; Jalalzai 2013) and cross-national variation in female members of parliaments (MPs) and cabinets (e.g., Bauer and Tremblay 2011; Paxton and Hughes 2017; Suraj, Scherpereel, and Adams 2014). Yet, when it comes to regions beyond Europe and the Americas, comparative empirical analysis of women's political leadership (WPL) across national-level …
Conceptualizing And Measuring Women’S Political Leadership: From Presence To Balance, Devin K. Joshi, Ryan Goehrung
Conceptualizing And Measuring Women’S Political Leadership: From Presence To Balance, Devin K. Joshi, Ryan Goehrung
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This article conceptualizes an innovative understanding and measurement of women's political leadership, theoretically justifies its application, and analyzes contemporary variation in its patterns through comparative case studies. In recent years, scholars of comparative government have studied with great interest the election of female prime ministers and presidents (e.g., Derichs and Thompson 2013; Jalalzai 2013) and cross-national variation in female members of parliaments (MPs) and cabinets (e.g., Bauer and Tremblay 2011; Paxton and Hughes 2017; Suraj, Scherpereel, and Adams 2014). Yet, when it comes to regions beyond Europe and the Americas, comparative empirical analysis of women's political leadership (WPL) across national-level …
Review Of Ang Cheng Guan, Southeast Asia’S Cold War: An Interpretative History, Wen-Qing (Wei Wenqing) Ngoei
Review Of Ang Cheng Guan, Southeast Asia’S Cold War: An Interpretative History, Wen-Qing (Wei Wenqing) Ngoei
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Ang Cheng Guan’s Southeast Asia’s Cold War: An Interpretive History makes a welcome scholarly contribution to the field. As he rightly points out in the introduction to his book, the “voluminous” literature concerned with the Cold War in Southeast Asia has too long centered on the United States, European decolonisation, and/or the Sino-Soviet competition for Hanoi’s loyalty.
The Pyramid Of Nonprofit Responsibilities: The Institutionalization Of Organizational Actorhood Across Sectors, Shawn Pope, Patricia Bromley, Alwyn Lim, John W. Meyer
The Pyramid Of Nonprofit Responsibilities: The Institutionalization Of Organizational Actorhood Across Sectors, Shawn Pope, Patricia Bromley, Alwyn Lim, John W. Meyer
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Observers have noted that organizations in allsectors, whether business, nonprofit, or government, havebeen moving toward rationalized structures that presupposeand express empowered organizational actorhood. Wedraw upon neo-institutional theory in this paper to extendthe argument: The arrival of organizational actorhood hasprecipitated a concomitant, cross-sectoral movementtoward organizational social responsibility. Whereasexisting research has tended to theorize the social responsibilities of businesses, we develop a pyramid conceptualschema to array the social responsibilities of nonprofits.We then document the coevolution of organizationalactorhood and responsibility across both sectors with ametastudy of nearly 200 extant surveys. We chart theinstitutionalization of a slate of formal structures thatexpress organizational actorhood (i.e., …
Understanding Policy Designs Over Time: Layering, Stretching, Patching And Packaging, Michael Howlett, Ishani Mukherjee, Jeremy Rayner
Understanding Policy Designs Over Time: Layering, Stretching, Patching And Packaging, Michael Howlett, Ishani Mukherjee, Jeremy Rayner
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The purpose and expectations of policy design efforts have always been clear ( Dryzek and Ripley, 1988 ; Linder and Peters, 1990 a, 1990b). Design is an activity conducted by a number of policy actors in the hope of improving policymaking and policy outcomes through the accurate anticipation of the consequences of government actions and the articulation of specific courses of action to be followed to achieve policy goals. This is to be accomplished by improving assessments of both the theoretical effectiveness and the feasibility of policy alternatives ( Majone, 1975 ; May, 2005 ; Gilabert and Lawford-Smith, 2012 ; …
Routledge Handbook Of Policy Design, Michael Howlett, Ishani Mukherjee
Routledge Handbook Of Policy Design, Michael Howlett, Ishani Mukherjee
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Uniting theoretical bases and advancements in practice, the Routledge Handbook of Policy Design brings together leading experts in the academic field of policy design in a pioneering effort of scholarship. Each chapter provides a multi-topic overview of the state of knowledge on how, why, where or when policies are designed and how such designs can be improved. These experts address how a new emphasis on effective policy design has re-emerged in public policy studies in recent years and clarify the role of historical policy decisions, policy capacities and government intentions in promoting a design orientation towards policy formulation and policy-making …
Policy Design And Non-Design: A Continuum Of Formulation Modalities, Michael Howlett, Ishani Mukherjee
Policy Design And Non-Design: A Continuum Of Formulation Modalities, Michael Howlett, Ishani Mukherjee
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Public policies are the result of efforts made by governments to alter aspects of behavior—both that of their own agents and of society at large—in order to carry out some end or purpose. They are comprised of complex arrangements of policy goals and policy means matched through some decision-making process. These policymaking efforts can be more, or less, systematic in attempting to match ends and means in a logical fashion or can result from much less systematic or rational processes. ‘Policy design’ implies a knowledge-based process in which the choice of means or mechanisms through which policy goals are given …
Capacities And Customization In Policy Design, Ishani Mukherjee, Azad Bali
Capacities And Customization In Policy Design, Ishani Mukherjee, Azad Bali
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Most policy designers face complex and intractable challenges that require assembling the mostappropriate set of policy instruments to address complex policy goals, especially when sometimesthese goals may emerge out of unforeseen policy problems. In the ideal case of policy design, themost suitable instruments can be chosen and assembled into new policy packages that are appropriately calibrated and customized to address the new policy problem context. Such exceptionaldesign circumstances would also mean that relevant policy actors and organizations engaged inthe design activity are endowed with the necessary analytical, operational and political policycapacities.
Gauging Effectiveness: First And Second-Best Policy Design, Ishani Mukherjee, Michael Howlett
Gauging Effectiveness: First And Second-Best Policy Design, Ishani Mukherjee, Michael Howlett
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The essence of policy design resides in the articulation of policy options expected to meet government goals. Not all policies are as well or as carefully formulated as they could be, however, and policy studies has been interested for several decades in understanding why policy alternatives are developed, why some are successfully adopted while others are not and how some policies emerge from carefully crafted formulation processes while others are more heavily influenced by other processes such as political, partisan or electoral or legislative bargaining ( Howlett, 2011 ). Why design occurs and how superior designs can be achieved—either all …
Agents, Principals, Or Something In Between? Bureaucrats And Policy Control In Thailand, Jacob Ricks
Agents, Principals, Or Something In Between? Bureaucrats And Policy Control In Thailand, Jacob Ricks
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In the aftermath of the 2006 and 2014 Thai coups,observers declared the resurrection of the bureaucratic polity. Bureaucrats,though, remained influential even during the period of 1992-2006, when electedpoliticians were thought to command the Thai state. Bureaucratic involvement inpolitics poses a challenge for dominant political science theories ofpolitician-bureaucrat relationships, which draw heavily from principal-agentframeworks. I apply agency theory to Thailand, testing three differenthypotheses derived from the theory. Examining legislative productivity andcontrol over bureaucratic career trajectories, I find that elected politiciansincreasingly acted as principals of the Thai state from 1992 through 2006, andto a lesser degree from 2008 to 2013. Thai bureaucrats, …
Beyond Oil: Saudi Vision 2030 And Saudi-South Korean Relations, Inwook Kim
Beyond Oil: Saudi Vision 2030 And Saudi-South Korean Relations, Inwook Kim
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Saudi Vision 2030, Saudi Arabia’s bid for economic and social transformation, has been quietly gathering renewed interest in South Korea amid the unfolding drama with the nuclear program of its northern brethren. The latest sign of this engagement occurred when minister Khalid al-Falih of Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Energy, Industry, and Mineral Resources (MOEIMR) met with president Moon Jae-In on May 4 of this year. Their 35-minute private reception was rare for a minister’s meeting, according to a Blue House official, signifying that interest in Saudi Vision 2030 is at the highest possible level. During his visit, al-Falih also met …
The Politics Of Walls: Barriers, Flows, And The Sublime, William A. Callahan
The Politics Of Walls: Barriers, Flows, And The Sublime, William A. Callahan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
As Donald Trump’s presidential campaign showed, walls are a hot topic. While ‘globalisation’, with its free flow of capital and goods, characterised world politics after the end of the Cold War, the twenty-first century has witnessed a reassertion of cultural, legal, and physical barriers. It is common to criticise such post-Cold War walls, especially the US-Mexico Barrier and Israel’s West Bank Barrier, as ineffective and immoral. This article problematises such critical discourse by using unlikely juxtapositions (the Great Wall of China) and new conceptual frameworks (gaps, critical aesthetics) to explore: (1) how walls can be a rational security policy; (2) …
Who Doesn’T Want Democracy? A Multilevel Analysis Of Elite And Mass Attitudes, Brandon Gorman, Ijlal Naqvi, Charles Kurzman
Who Doesn’T Want Democracy? A Multilevel Analysis Of Elite And Mass Attitudes, Brandon Gorman, Ijlal Naqvi, Charles Kurzman
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Despite its global rise in popularity, a significant number of people still oppose democracy. The present study evaluates three competing theories of opposition to democracy—developmentalist, culturalist, and elitist—using a series of multilevel regression models that combine individual- and country-level variables. Results of our statistical analyses suggest that (1) country-level indicators of social, political, and economic development are unrelated to individual support for democracy; (2) macro-cultural factors have mixed effects on individual support for democracy; and (3) individual income and education have strong effects on individual support for democracy, but this relationship is mediated by country-level economic development. Specifically, we find …
Long-Term Impacts Of Parliamentary Gender Quotas In A Single-Party System: Symbolic Co-Option Or Delayed Integration?, Devin K. Joshi, Rakkee Kuttikadan Thimothy
Long-Term Impacts Of Parliamentary Gender Quotas In A Single-Party System: Symbolic Co-Option Or Delayed Integration?, Devin K. Joshi, Rakkee Kuttikadan Thimothy
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In recent years scholars have shifted their attention from the causes behind parliamentary gender quotas to their consequences for women’s descriptive, substantive, and symbolic representation. We contribute to this literature by focusing on long-term effects of gender quotas in the context of an authoritarian one-party system. Here we contest dominant theoretical explanations which posit that gender quotas in authoritarian states primarily serve the goals of symbolic co-option and window-dressing. Rather, we argue that while authoritarian adaptation may motivate the introduction of gender quotas, these quotas may result over time in what we call a delayed integration process featuring a gradual …
Long-Term Impacts Of Parliamentary Gender Quotas In A Single-Party System: Symbolic Co-Option Or Delayed Integration?, Devin K. Joshi, Rakkee Kuttikadan Thimothy
Long-Term Impacts Of Parliamentary Gender Quotas In A Single-Party System: Symbolic Co-Option Or Delayed Integration?, Devin K. Joshi, Rakkee Kuttikadan Thimothy
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In recent years scholars have shifted their attention from the causes behind parliamentary gender quotas to their consequences for women’s descriptive, substantive, and symbolic representation. We contribute to this literature by focusing on long-term effects of gender quotas in the context of an authoritarian one-party system. Here we contest dominant theoretical explanations which posit that gender quotas in authoritarian states primarily serve the goals of symbolic co-option and window-dressing. Rather, we argue that while authoritarian adaptation may motivate the introduction of gender quotas, these quotas may result over time in what we call a delayed integration process featuring a gradual …
Is All Politics Local? Determinants Of Local And National Election Campaigns, Colm A. Fox
Is All Politics Local? Determinants Of Local And National Election Campaigns, Colm A. Fox
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In recent decades election campaigns have shifted their focus from the local to the national level, increasingly featuring party leaders, labels, and national platforms. Despite this trend, there remains significant variation in the local/national orientation of campaigns across countries and parties. This article tests several propositions on why campaigns adopt a local or national orientation by analyzing a unique collection of more than 12,000 geocoded Thai election posters. Specialized software was used to measure the spatial proportions of visual and textual content on each poster. Using Thailand’s mixed electoral system to enable a controlled comparison of electoral rules, I demonstrate …
The Two Foundings Thesis, Sonu Bedi, Elvin T. Lim
The Two Foundings Thesis, Sonu Bedi, Elvin T. Lim
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Constitutional interpretation generates intense debates over rights and powers. Countless U.S. Supreme Court decisions, articles, and books discuss these debates. With regard to powers, these debates often center around a nationalistic view of the U.S. Constitution, where the U.S. Congress has broad and expansive powers, or a states’ rights view of the document, where Congress has narrow and limited powers.1 With regards to rights, these debates often center around an emphasis on a moral reading of various clauses2 versus an emphasis on originalism
Between Commerce And Empire: David Hume, Colonial Slavery, And Commercial Incivility, Onur Ulas Ince
Between Commerce And Empire: David Hume, Colonial Slavery, And Commercial Incivility, Onur Ulas Ince
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Eighteenth-century Enlightenment thought has recently been reclaimed as arobust, albeit short-lived, cosmopolitan critique of European imperialism. Thisessay complicates this interpretation through a study of David Hume’s reflectionson commerce, empire, and slavery. I argue that while Hume condemned thecolonial system of monopoly, war, and conquest, his strictures against empiredid not extend to colonial slavery in the Atlantic. This was because colonialslavery represented a manifestly uncivilinstitution when judged by enlightened metropolitan sensibilities, yet also adecisively commercial institutionpivotal to the eighteenth-century global economy. Confronted by the paradoxical“commercial incivility” of modern slavery, Hume opted for disavowing the linkbetween slavery and commerce, and confined his …
The Quest For Recognition: Taiwan’S Military And Trade Agreements With Singapore Under The One-China Policy, Pasha L. Hsieh
The Quest For Recognition: Taiwan’S Military And Trade Agreements With Singapore Under The One-China Policy, Pasha L. Hsieh
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
This article examines the evolution of Taiwan’s relationship with Singapore since the 1960s as a unique case study in the Asia-Pacific. The theoretical concept of recognition in international relations (IR) and its nexus with international law are used to analyze the conclusion of the bilateral military and trade agreements absent diplomatic relations. The article argues that beyond security dimensions, the two states’ struggles for recognition exhibit the formation of national identities, which invigorate the claims for sovereign state status in global politics. First, this article explores the emerging notion of recognition in IR and sheds light on the significance of …
Review: How China Escaped The Poverty Trap By Yuen Yuen Ang, John A. Donaldson
Review: How China Escaped The Poverty Trap By Yuen Yuen Ang, John A. Donaldson
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Two contrasting mistakes plague contemporary China studies as we try to fit Chinainto social science theory. On the one hand, we tend to apply theories derived fromthe West, fitting China’s square peg into theory’s round hole. In the process, wemiss something important about China, or conclude that China simply doesn’t fit.Dissatisfied with this, we sometimes conclude that China is unique, studying it in atheoretical vacuum, or inventing China-specific theories and concepts that are difficult to apply elsewhere.
H-Diplo Article Review Of Kosal Path. “The Politics Of China’S Aid To North Vietnam During The Anti-American Resistance, 1965-1969.” Diplomacy & Statecraft 27:4 (2016): 682-700, Frances Yaping Wang
H-Diplo Article Review Of Kosal Path. “The Politics Of China’S Aid To North Vietnam During The Anti-American Resistance, 1965-1969.” Diplomacy & Statecraft 27:4 (2016): 682-700, Frances Yaping Wang
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
It is a national myth in China that Vietnam, a former brotherly ally, cold-bloodedly turned against China in the late 1970s despite the great sacrifice the Chinese people had made for Vietnam’s independence cause. The relationship deteriorated so drastically that the animosity culminated in a decade-long war between the two countries. Some blame the Le Duan government; others condemn the ingratitude of the Vietnamese people. There has been some faint self-examination within China of its insensitivity to Vietnam’s autonomy and of its assertion of superiority in the relationship. Others substantiate this claim to some degree. For example, Brantly Womack in …
New Forms Of Political Activism In Indonesia: Redefining The Nexus Between Electoral And Movement Politics, Dirk Tomsa, Charlotte Setijadi
New Forms Of Political Activism In Indonesia: Redefining The Nexus Between Electoral And Movement Politics, Dirk Tomsa, Charlotte Setijadi
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This article argues that new personality-centric movements have redefined the nexus between activism and electoral politics in Indonesia. It illustrates how these movements have challenged the role of political parties and consultants in electoral campaigning, and how their growing prominence may affect the future trajectory of Indonesian politics.
Liberty And The Challenge Of Diversity, Chandran Kukathas
Liberty And The Challenge Of Diversity, Chandran Kukathas
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Those who favor liberty face a dilemma arising out of human diversity.While some groups of people will place a high value on liberty, others mayconsider it a lesser good or may value it scarcely at all. Preserving a free society by forcing everyone to value liberty runs against the spirit of freedom;but leaving those groups who do not care for liberty to live in that way alsodiminishes liberty, if in a different way. In the end the dilemma has to beresolved in favor of tolerating even those who do not care for liberty andthreaten to undermine it.
On The Uses Of Hume’S History, Chandran Kukathas
On The Uses Of Hume’S History, Chandran Kukathas
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Much of the conversation now coming to an end has centered on Hume's History of England and on his use of history to serve his political philosophical purposes. Dan Klein has appealed to the History by citing more and more chapters and verses to illustrate and reinforce his thesis that "mere liberty" was central to Hume's concerns. Nicholas Capaldi concurs (having originally advanced the claim that liberty was the default value for the pluralist Hume), suggesting that getting the historical narrative right was important for Hume, as it must be for all defenders of (mere) liberty. Capaldi's response to the …
Where Does Right-Wing Populism Succeed Sub-Nationally? Explaining Regional Variation Within France, Hamzah Bin Zaid, Devin K. Joshi
Where Does Right-Wing Populism Succeed Sub-Nationally? Explaining Regional Variation Within France, Hamzah Bin Zaid, Devin K. Joshi
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
While many scholars have studied how right-wing populist parties (RWPP) have recently increased their vote shares in national elections in many countries, fewer studies have assessed why some sub-national regions favor RWPP more than others. Addressing this gap in the literature, we analyze regional variation in voter support for one of Europe’s most successful RWPP, the Front National (FN) Party of France which recently made it to the second round of France’s 2017 presidential elections. Our research design examines electoral results across French regions between 1992 and 2017 through the lens of four case studies analyzing regions where the FN …
Libertarian Paternalism Is Hard Paternalism, Shane Ryan
Libertarian Paternalism Is Hard Paternalism, Shane Ryan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
I argue that libertarian paternalism is in fact paternalism, or hard paternalism, rather than a form of soft paternalism. I do so on the basis of an analysis of the paternalist act according to which the paternalist act needn’t violate the will of the agent who is the target of that act and the paternalist actor need only suspect that her action may improve the welfare of that target. The paper considers and rejects interpretations of libertarian paternalism as soft paternalism. I then provide an outline as to how libertarian paternalism may be reformed in light of the finding that …
Messing With Liberty, Chandran Kukathas
Messing With Liberty, Chandran Kukathas
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Dan Klein asks: "If the signification [liberty] has no resemblance to others not messing with one's stuff, well, what is it?" In the history of the use of the term among philosophers and other writers, "liberty" has been held to mean many things: conceptions of liberty abound. For Locke it meant above all not being enslaved. For many republicans, past and present, it meant having a certain status: that of a free man, with certain rights and duties as a citizen—including political rights. For contemporary republicans, like Philip Pettit, it means not being dominated by others (which, in his account, …
When The Tables Are Turned: The Effects Of The 2016 Us Presidential Election On In-Group Favoritism And Out-Group Hostility, Burak Oc, Celia Moore, Michael R. Bashshur
When The Tables Are Turned: The Effects Of The 2016 Us Presidential Election On In-Group Favoritism And Out-Group Hostility, Burak Oc, Celia Moore, Michael R. Bashshur
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The outcome of the 2016 U.S. Presidential election was a big surprise to many, as the majority of polls had predicted the opposite outcome. In this two-stage cross-sectional study, we focus on how Democrats and Republicans reacted to this electoral surprise and how these reactions might have influenced the way they allocated resources to each other in small groups. We find that, before the election, Republicans showed greater in-group favoritism than Democrats, who treated others equally, regardless of their political affiliation. We then show that Democrats experienced the election outcome as an ego shock and, in the week following the …
Between Equal Rights: Primitive Accumulation And Capital's Violence, Onur Ulas Ince
Between Equal Rights: Primitive Accumulation And Capital's Violence, Onur Ulas Ince
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This paper attempts to elaborate a political theory of capital’s violence. Recent analyses haveadopted Karl Marx’s notion of the “primitive accumulation of capital” for investigating theforcible methods by which the conditions of capital accumulation are reproduced in the present.I argue that the analytic function accorded to primitive accumulation can be better performedby a pair of new concepts: “capital-positing violence” and “capital-preserving violence.” Irefine the conceptual core primitive accumulation (coercive capitalization of social relations ofproduction) by focusing on the role of colonial violence in the history of capitalism, which Ithen elucidate with reference to Carl Schmitt’s account of European colonial expansion …