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Some Major Aspects Of The Focus System In Isnag, Rodolfo Rosario Barlaan

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

This study attempts to specify how the syntactic form signals the semantic and pragmatic aspects of the focus system in the Isnag language. It specifies the correlation between the semantics and grammar of focus by proposing a ranking of the relevant semantic/participant roles called the Preferential Selection Hierarchy. This hierarchy constrains the positions the NP's can take in the clause and the co-occurrence of the NP's (i.e., which NP's may occur together in a clause). With regard to the correlation between the pragmatics and the grammar of focus, this study discusses, (a) the COMMENT-TOPIC structure, which is the overarching force …

The Structure Of Thai Narrative Discourse, Somsonge Burusphat

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

This study presents the interrelated concerns of Thai narrative discourse which include macrostructure, texture, constituent structure, and cultural information. The macrostructure is the global meaning of a discourse which is derived via the basic principles of macro-processing. A specific Thai narrative text is analyzed to illustrate how to derive a macrostructure via these principles and how the derived macrostructure can be considered to be a control on the content and balance of the story. The profile of narrative discourse is a kind of texture which is a manifestation of the macrostructure. The profile is studied in relation to plot as …

Sex-Based Differences In English Argumentative Text: A Tagmemic Sociolinguistic Perspective, Susan Lynn Peterson

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

This work applies insights from sociolinguistics, text-linguistics, social psychology, women's studies, informal logic, and tagmemic theory to the task of investigating sex-based textual differences in argumentative text. More specifically, it (1) lays out a means (both theoretical and methodological) of analyzing argumentative text; (2) analyzes the differences between argumentative texts produced by university freshman women and those produced by their male counterparts; (3) compares the findings of this analysis to previous studies in sex-based differences in English; (4) presents a sketch of these texts' social production context with an emphasis on sex-based social patterns in communication style and in moral …

On The Interaction Of Linguistic Texts And Human Knowledge, Kerry Stewart Robichaux

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

This study examines some aspects of the interaction of linguistic texts and human knowledge. The quest for greater context in linguistics suggests the focus of this study, viz., the effect of a text on the knowledge of its receiver. A practical problem arises in a study of this sort, however, viz., how should knowledge be represented so that the effects a text has on it can be identified and analyzed? One of the notions employed in the field of artificial intelligence, i.e., the notion of frames, is applied to the problem. In essence, then, this study shows the possible relationships …

Computer Assisted Dialect Adaptation: The Tucanoan Experiment, Robert Bruce Reed

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

This dissertation provides the theoretical basis for a computer program that adapts textual material from one language of the Tucanoan family to another. Tucanoan languages are spoken by small groups living in southeastern Colombia, northwestern Brazil, northern Peru, and northern Ecuador. This work represents the first attempt to apply principles of machine translation and computational linguistics to indigenous languages of Colombia. It discusses aspects of translation theory relevant to machine translation. Some features of the Tucanoan languages relevant to the adaptation process are discussed in depth, including differences in suffix systems marking case, noun classifiers, and the evidential systems of …

Review Of Style And Variables In English, Timothy Shopen And Joseph Williams, Elaine Chaika

English Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Development Of Speech Research Tools On Mit's Lisp Machine-Based Workstations, D. Scott Cyphers, Robert H. Kassel, David H. Kaufman, Hong C. Leung, Mark A. Randolph, Stephanie Seneff, John E. Unverferth Iii, Timothy Wilson, Victor W. Zue

Publications

In recent years, a number of useful speech- and language-related research tools have been under development at MIT. These tools are aids for efficiently analyzing the acoustic characteristics of speech and the phonological properties of a language. They are playing a valuable role in our own research, as well as in research conducted elsewhere. This paper describes several of the systems being developed for use on our Lisp Machine workstations.

A Speech Act Theory Based Interpretation Model For Written Texts, Takashi Manabe

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

In recent years, so called Speech Act Theory (a branch of the philosophy of language) has focused on such concepts as 'intention' (or 'intentionality'), 'interaction' and 'comprehension'. The author believes that this theory gives the theoretical basis for an interpretation model which is developed in this study. After human speech activities are placed in the larger context of human actions, a model which explains the performing process of speech acts is presented. In this model, four levels of intentionality are posited: utterance intent, propositional intent, illocutionary intent, and perlocutionary intent. These levels of intentionality are inseparable from each other and …

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 34, No. 1, Hans Trumpy, William T. Parsons, Marion Lois Huffines, Robert P. Stevenson, Jane Adams Clarke

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• American News in Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Swiss Almanacs: An Overview
• The Stuff of Which Folksongs are Made: Dialect Poetry of Lina Somer (1862-1932)
• Word Gain and Loss in the English of the Pennsylvania Germans
• The Autograph Album: A Victorian Girl's Best Friend
• Cobwebs on My Mind: Untangling Family Relationships
• Aldes un Neies

Philosophy Of Normative Discourse And Persuasion: A Study Of Ga'dang Exhortation And Argumentation, Michael Ross Walrod

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

This work applies the insights of textlinguistics to the study of normative or persuasive discourse. Although textlinguistics is already somewhat interdisciplinary in character, it was found to be too narrow to account for normative discourse, and had to be expanded to include further considerations of cultural phenomena, norms, and the relations of these to the theory of knowledge structures. In addition to the above, there are five major contributions of this study: (1) It shows how norms and knowledge structures play a part in the process of persuasion, and also redefines persuasion as including either the changing or the perpetuating …

Proto East Mindanao And Its Internal Relationships, Andrew Franklin Ii Gallman

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

This study reconstructs Proto East Mindanao, the ancestor language from which the East Mindanao languages have developed. This is accomplished by tracing the development from the ancestor language through the intermediate proto languages, Proto North East Mindanao, Proto Central East Mindanao, and Proto South East Mindanao, to the attested daughter languages. This study also presents over 1400 reconstructed vocabulary items. The term East Mindanao used in this study refers to three groups of languages spoken on the island of Mindanao in the southern part of the Philippines (in addition to Tausug, which is spoken on the island of Jolo). These …

Linguistic And Cultural Analysis Of Three Gujarati Folktales, Imanuel Gulabbhai Christian

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

This study represents an attempt to place linguistic analysis in the cultural setting. The linguistic aspect of this study is presented in the framework of discourse grammar following the model developed by Longacre (1976, 1983). Three Gujarati folktales are analyzed for their overall discourse structure, for their verb and sentence structure and relative importance of information in narrative discourse, and for the participant reference. A distinction is made between participant oriented narrative and event oriented narrative. In the analysis of the cultural setting the models of Levi-Strauss (1963, 1967, 1969, etc.) and Bastien (1978) are followed. In this section, on …

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 32, No. 2, Peter C. Merrill, Theodore Graham Corbett, Cynthia Arps Corbett, Robert C. Williamson, Lee C. Hopple

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• Pennsylvania German Folk Crafts: The Living Tradition
• Europeans on the Frontier: Scotch-Irish Burial Stones in Pennsylvania
• The Survival of Pennsylvania German: A Survey of Berks and Lehigh Counties
• Germanic European Origins and Geographical History of the Southeastern Pennsylvania Schwenkfelders
• Aldes un Neies

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 31, No. 4, Earl F. Robacker, Ada Robacker, Kathryn E. Johnson, Ray Snyder, Ann Snyder, Clovis Bolen, Ramona Bolen, Donald Thompson, Louise Thompson, Brenda Hanna, Gail M. Hartmann, Richard Shaner, Lysbeth W. Clark, Theodore W. Jentsch, Peter Paulsen, Richard C. Bond

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• Of Baskets and Basket Makers
• Egg Decorating at the Kutztown Folk Festival
• Spatterware
• Scrimshaw
• Folk Musical Instruments at the Kutztown Folk Festival
• Puppets: Fun at the Festival
• Festival Focus
• Folk Festival Programs
• Festival Focus on Quilts
• The Kutztown Folk Festival's Calico Seamstresses
• Summer Drinks of the Pennsylvania Dutch
• The Folk Festival's Lace Maker
• The Country Cemetery: Connection Between Past and Present
• Coopering
• The Dialect of the Pennsylvania Dutch

A Supplementary Reference Guide For Non-Native English Speakers On The Communicative And Cultural Aspects In The Esl Miscellany, Joanne Ching Chao

MA TESOL Collection

This is a supplementary guide designed especially for non-native ESL users to be used in conjunction with The ESL Miscellany. It covers two parts of the book, the Communicative Aspect and the Cultural Aspect. In the Communicative Aspect this guide includes the definitions of all the idioms under the different categories, such as food, music, colors, and religion which appear in The ESL Miscellany. In the Cultural Aspect, six areas have been explained and defined. These are “Famous Americans”, “heroes”, “Historical Sites”, “Dates and Holidays”, “Famous Quotations”, and “Proverbs”.

Synoptic Asymmetry: An Inter-Disciplinary Approach To The Synoptic Problem, David Herman Boltz

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

In interdisciplinary studies, the question arises of how best to mesh interrelated disciplines. Here, linguistics (in the complementary disciplines of discourse analysis and perspective) is inter-phased with New Testament scholarship at the literary juncture of the synoptic problem--a problem which is not a theological construct, but which is an anomaly inherent in the very gospel texts. Chapter 1 provides an overview and a short history of the synoptic problem, which is one of the most difficult problems in the history of ideas. The three synoptic texts (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) differ from and yet complement one another. What is the …

Aspects Of Korean Narration, Shin Ja Joo Hwang

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

A dominant trend in linguistics has been sentence grammar, which deals with structures leading up to the sentence level. With more studies on semantics and pragmatics, however, there has been a growing concern for discourse grammar. Discourse, I believe, is the most natural unit of language that forms a meaningful whole. The reasons for discourse study derive from four sources: (1) from phonology come suprasegmental considerations like intonation and pitch which typically stretch over the sentence boundary; (2) from semantics comes the sense that the meaning or message is conveyed through the overall discourse, not through aggregates of sentences; (3) …

Theme In Greek Hortatory Discourse: Van Dijk And Beekman-Callow Approaches Applied To 1 John, Helen Louise Miehle

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

Two independently motivated linguistic models of text analysis (the cognitively-based model of Van Dijk and the literary-semantic approach of Beekman and Callow) are used to show that the First Epistle of John is actually hierarchical in its organization, and not merely associative as many Biblical scholars have assumed. The Van Dijk and Beekman-Callow models are also compared, contrasted and combined into a composite approach, which is then applied to the text of I John chapter one to take advantage of the pragmatic emphasis of Van Dijk and the practicality of the Beekman-Callow procedures. The two models are shown to complement …

Language Conflict: A Case Study Of National Language Selection In Iran, Kenneth Pransky

MA TESOL Collection

Iran is a complex nation composed of many nationalities and languages. Through the centuries, it has been plagued by interethnic conflicts, and rapid modernization in this century has exacerbated longstanding differences, especially between the dominant, Farsi speaking group and Iran's numerous non-Farsi speaking minorities. No issue has symbolized Iran's interethnic conflicts in this century more than language problems.

Iran's history of language conflict is treated as a case study through which to explore more universal dynamics of language conflict. Emphasis is laid on the historical development of ethnic attitudes, the function of language as a symbol of ethnicity, the necessity …

A Grammar Of Two Pacoh Texts, Richard Leon Watson

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

The goals of this grammar are threefold: first to learn more about the Pacoh language of Viet Nam and leave a record of the results for future students of Pacoh; second, to learn more about discourse structure, and third, to learn more about deep grammar and its correlations with surface grammar. The method followed emphasizes a particular discourse approach and a particular deep and surface grammar approach. The discourse approach calls for a thorough analysis of two expository texts, resulting in individual text grammars. These are next compared and contrasted with each other. Then they are compared and contrasted with …

The Interrelationship Of Cultural Information, Linguistic Structure, And Symbolic Representations In A Halbi Myth, Frances Margaret Woods

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

The mythology of the Halbi people reveals and reflects their cognitive orientation (and, in the process, validates their cultural values). The Halbis' myths are expressed through the linguistic form of narrative discourse but mere analysis of the form of the discourse provides only a fragmentary understanding of the content. As a result, linguistic analysis is only part of discourse analysis. Discourse analysis also calls for an analysis of the cultural setting and of the dynamic interplay between the culture and language in terms of the message (or meaning) of a given myth within a given culture. This study represents an …

Pragmatic Aspects Of English Text Structure, Larry Bert Jones

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

This study is an integration of two frequently independent fields of inquiry in linguistics, text analysis and pragmatics. It brings together the focus in text analysis on the structural and cohesive aspects of monolog discourses, with the focus in pragmatics on the relations between individual sentences and the communicative context in which they are uttered. The perspectives of text analysis and pragmatics are linked in an examination of the relations between the structure of written English texts and one aspect of the communicative context: an author's assumptions about the knowledge of his reader. This study makes five major contributions to …

Application Of A Cognitive Model Of Linguistic Structure To The Analysis Of Selected Problems In Tzeltal (Mayan) Grammar, Stephen Leslie Walter

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

Underlying the dominant theory of language today is the assumption that language is innate to homo sapiens. Theoretical and analytic work at all levels of linguistic inquiry are predicated upon this assumption. The present study questions this assumption arguing instead that what is innate is a limited set of cognitive structures which interface man and his environment. It is suggested that man is heavily dependent upon these cognitive structures for knowledge about the external world. Further, it is assumed that language is a behavior by which man communicates to others a portion of what he has learned about his world …

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 29, No. 3, William T. Parsons, Mary Shuler Heimburger, J. Howard Fenstermacher, Amos Long Jr., A. Russell Slagle, John R. Costello

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• Shuler Family Correspondence
• Vestiges of the Markley Family
• 30 Years of the Kutztown Folk Festival: A Photo Essay
• The Rural Village
• Father of the Fraternity: Christopher Schlegel and Rosicrucianism
• A Lexical Comparison of Two Sister Languages: Pennsylvania German and Yiddish
• Aldes un Neies

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 27, No. 4, Don Yoder, Yvonne J. Milspaw, Sara L. Matthews, Mark Workman, George A. Boeck, Jo Ann Early

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• The Dialect Church Service in the Pennsylvania German Culture
• Witchcraft Belief in a Pennsylvania German Family
• German Settlement of Northern Chester County in the 18th Century
• Medical Practice in Philadelphia at the Time of the Yellow Fever Epidemic, 1793
• Folkloric Aspects of the Common Law in Western Pennsylvania, 1790-1799
• Runaway Advertisements: A Source for the Study of Working-Class Costume

The Functions Of Reported Speech In Discourse, Mildred Lucille Larson

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

The study of the functions of reported speech makes five ma­jor contributions to the current literature on discourse. (l) It highlights the multifunctional characteristics of reported speech; (2) it correlates these functions with discourse types; (3) it points out the necessity to separate the situational features from the deep structure organizational features and relates both to surface structure discourse types; (4) it defines more clearly the nature of dialogue discourse, that of a portmanteau realization of deep structure narrative and repartee; and (5) it shows for the first time within the stratificational grammar framework that contrastive discourse structures occur both …

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 26, No. 4, E. Reginald Good, Gerald L. Pocius, Robert A. Barakat, Louis Winkler, Don Yoder

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• Isaac Ziegler Hunsicker: Ontario Schoolmaster and Fraktur Artist
• Walls and Fences in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania
• Glossary of Pennsylvania German Terms Related to Construction and Tobacco Agriculture
• Pennsylvania German Astronomy and Astrology XV: Benjamin Franklin's Almanacs
• Wilhelm Nast and the German Universalists
• Vegetables in the Pennsylvania Cuisine: Folk-Cultural Questionnaire No. 47

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 21, No. 2, Don Yoder, C. Lee Hopple, Friedrich Krebs, Rufus A. Grider, Gabriel Hartmann

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• The Pennsylvania Germans: A Preliminary Reading List
• Spatial Development of the Southeastern Pennsylvania Plain Dutch Community to 1970: Part I
• Palatine Emigrants of the 18th Century
• Winter Album
• Emigrants from Dossenheim (Baden) in the 18th Century
• Farm Layouts and Building Plans: Folk-Cultural Questionnaire No. 22

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 20, No. 3, Alan G. Keyser, Don Yoder, Gregory Gizelis, Angus K. Gillespie

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• Gardens and Gardening Among the Pennsylvania Germans
• Historical Sources For American Traditional Cookery: Examples from the Pennsylvania German Culture
• The Use of Amulets Among Greek-Philadelphians
• Work and the Farmer: The Almanac as Cultural Index, 1858-1898
• Pennsylvania German and High German: Folk-Cultural Questionnaire No. 19
• Engravings of Western Pennsylvania Scenes

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 16, No. 3, Lewis Edgar Riegel, Nancy J. Mcfall, Ruth M. Home, Don Yoder, Jacob Bishop Crist, Susan R. Severs, Abraham R. Horne

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• Reminiscences of a Boyhood in Reading, 1883-1890
• Preserving York's Architectural Heritage
• Jordan Museum of the Twenty
• Pennsylvania Broadsides: II
• Memoirs of a Lutheran Minister, 1850-1881
• Notes and Documents: Nicknames from a Mennonite Family
• The Crafts at Newport
• Anglicizing the Pennsylvania Dutch, 1966 and 1875
• Nicknames: Folk-Cultural Questionnaire #3