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Articles 151 - 180 of 181
Full-Text Articles in Linguistics
Predicting Near-Native Pronunciation In Spanish As A Foreign Language, A. Raymond Elliott
Predicting Near-Native Pronunciation In Spanish As A Foreign Language, A. Raymond Elliott
UTA Working Papers in Linguistics - Archive
The objective of the present study is to examine the acquisition of pronunciation by 66 undergraduate students enrolled in three sections of an intermediate Spanish course. The data were collected during the Fall semester of the 91-92 academic year at Indiana University, Bloomington. Thirty-two males and thirty-four females served as the subjects. Using a control and two experimental groups, three separate regression analyses examined: 1) variables related to the subjects’ accuracy of pronunciation, 2) the effect of formal instruction in pronunciation, and 3) the relationship between “production” or pronunciation and the subjects’ knowledge of formal pronunciation rules, termed “metalinguistic awareness.” …
The Variable Elision Of Unstressed Vowels In European Portuguese: A Case Study, David J. Silva
The Variable Elision Of Unstressed Vowels In European Portuguese: A Case Study, David J. Silva
UTA Working Papers in Linguistics - Archive
European varieties of Portuguese exhibit a process whereby unstressed vowels, particularly schwa, optionally undergo elision: an item such as idade ‘idea’ can be realized as [ida'd] and para Maria ‘for Maria’ may surface as [pr?m?rí'?]. While previous research in the study of phonological variation of this sort has typically focused on syntactic, morphological, functional, and segmental factors as the primary linguistic conditions for accurately characterizing variable processes (Guy 1980; Poplack & Walter 1986, among many others), less work has been done investigating the role of prosodic factors in this respect. Yet if one believes (along with Nespor and Vogel 1986, …
Anaphora, Pragmatics And Style In German, Helga H. Delisle
Anaphora, Pragmatics And Style In German, Helga H. Delisle
UTA Working Papers in Linguistics - Archive
German uses two sets of anaphoric pronouns, the personal pronoun set (PP) er, sie, es and the demonstrative pronoun set (DP) der, die, das. The latter set has been largely neglected in the literature, possibly because it mainly occurs in informal conversations. In this paper, I will investigate how a basic concept like the deictic one is exploited for various functions, and to what extent these functions are integrated into the different styles of spoken and written German. It will be shown that the DP is used by the speaker to signal to the hearer not only referential but also …
Finding The "Two" In Diglossia, John C. Paolillo
Finding The "Two" In Diglossia, John C. Paolillo
UTA Working Papers in Linguistics - Archive
Sociolinguists generally agree that a diglossic situation is one in which a single speech community employs two or more varieties of language, a H(igh) variety and a L(ow) variety, for different communicative purposes. Ferguson’s (1959) classic definition also includes a structural component: the two forms of language are varieties of the same language, and hence related, but “highly divergent” from one another, more so than a dialect in relation to its standard language. However there is little agreement on this point, and different researchers give different characterizations of how divergent H and L must be. The theoretical status of intermediate …
Lexical Borrowing, Creolization And Basic Vocabulary, George L. Huttar
Lexical Borrowing, Creolization And Basic Vocabulary, George L. Huttar
UTA Working Papers in Linguistics - Archive
This paper is concerned with two sets of questions, one from semantics and cognitive linguistics, one from diachronic linguistics and in particular creole studies. From the cognitive-semantic side, we are dealing with issues of “basic” vocabulary: what sorts of lexical items, or, more precisely, what sorts of concepts, are, in some useful sense or other (say, psychologically more salient), more “basic” than others? From the diachronic linguistics side, the issues concern likelihood of change through contact: “For what sorts of concepts are lexical items most readily replaced by items from new sources, and which ones are more resistant to such …
Primary Stress Assignment In Brazilian Portuguese, Susan Gary Walters
Primary Stress Assignment In Brazilian Portuguese, Susan Gary Walters
UTA Working Papers in Linguistics - Archive
Brazilians display a great interest in the prosody of their own language. Much classroom time is spent counting syllables, enumerating detailed rules for stress assignment and memorizing rules of diacritics used in the orthography (e.g., Cegalla 1991). Stress assignment and its rules are one of the topics covered on the vestibular, the nationwide university entrance exam (Savioli 1991:131ff). Students in elementary schools study syllable structure and division. Even by the second grade they know such words as paroxítono ‘a word whose stress falls on the next to last syllable’ and antepenúltimo ‘antepenultimate’. The problem is that many of the rules …
Phonetic Emphasis In Tamil, James E. Vinton
Phonetic Emphasis In Tamil, James E. Vinton
UTA Working Papers in Linguistics - Archive
The present paper is based on a study conducted following Balasubramanian’s (1981) method: a native speaker was asked to emphasize a given item in a sentence and instrumental measurements were made as to which phonetic cues the speaker used to accomplish that task. While Balasubramanian asserted that emphasis is marked mainly by an increased length of certain segments, the findings in the present paper indicate that Tamil emphasis is marked by a combination of several phonetic correlates. Some of the confusion about Tamil stress arises from a failure by several authors to distinguish clearly between word-level stress, sentence-level emphasis, and …
Subjectless Sentences In English, Patricia Willess Reiman
Subjectless Sentences In English, Patricia Willess Reiman
UTA Working Papers in Linguistics - Archive
One of the goals of modern linguistics is to develop a model of Universal Grammar which captures natural language features that are universal, while also accounting for variation among languages. Thus a much-discussed phenomenon in Government and Binding theory is pro-drop (Jaeggli and Safir 1989). Pro-drop is the parameter which determines whether the subject of an independent clause must be overt or may be left empty (Crystal 1991:279). According to the definition given above, it would appear that English is a pro-drop language. However, Crystal (1991:279) cites English as an example of a non-pro-drop language. If this is correct and …
Activity Implicatures And Possessor Implicatures: What Are Locations When There Is No Article?., Laurel Smith Stvan
Activity Implicatures And Possessor Implicatures: What Are Locations When There Is No Article?., Laurel Smith Stvan
Linguistics & TESOL Faculty Publications & Presentations - Archive
No abstract provided.
A Study Of Iconicity In Korean: With Special Attention To Long And Short Forms, Kyu-Cheol Kim
A Study Of Iconicity In Korean: With Special Attention To Long And Short Forms, Kyu-Cheol Kim
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
This study of iconicity if Korean has examined the iconic relationship (non-arbitrariness) between form and meaning in phonology, morphology, and syntax. There are many pairs of linguistic expressions that carry roughly the same meaning. The two members of the pair exhibit different lengths or sizes: one of the pair is short (or small), i.e., the Short-Form, the other of the pair is long (or large), i.e., the Long-Form. The different lengths are focused upon in this study. This study begins with the question: why are there two forms which exhibit different lengths (or size)? In order to answer this question, …
Unravelling Murder And Mayhem: An Interdisciplinary Study Of A Wiru Divination Account, Papua New Guinea, John Michael Fullingim
Unravelling Murder And Mayhem: An Interdisciplinary Study Of A Wiru Divination Account, Papua New Guinea, John Michael Fullingim
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
The endeavor to understand another emic view of reality offers a conceptual challenge to any observer-analyst. This paper presents the author's reflections upon his encounter with another culture and language and his endeavor to understand the cognitive world view of the Wiru, a non-Austronesian language group in the Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea. The focus of the study is upon a divination rite during which a long pole, called yomo kopini, was ritually activated and through its subsequent "motions" retraced the steps of an assailant who had raped and murdered a young girl. The transcription of an eyewitness account …
Listening Comprehension: Adult Second Language Learners, Mary Karen Williams
Listening Comprehension: Adult Second Language Learners, Mary Karen Williams
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
The goal of this work is to discover information that will improve the selection and design of listening comprehension materials for adult second language learners. Chapter 1 treats adult versus child language learning and first versus second language learning, finding that: (1) due to the interdependence between neurological and linguistic development, adult language learning is inherently different from a child's acquisition of his primary language, nevertheless, (2) given fundamental properties common to all language use, processing strategies should be similar for first and second languages. Chapter 2 treats listening and reading as receptive (but not passive) skills. Here it is …
An Argument For The Lukan Authorship Of Hebrews, David Lewis Allen
An Argument For The Lukan Authorship Of Hebrews, David Lewis Allen
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
The question of the authorship of the New Testament epistle to the Hebrews has provided scholars with fertile ground for speculation from the earliest days of Church history until the present time. The purpose of this dissertation is to propose and argue for the possibility of Luke the physician and traveling companion of the Apostle Paul as having been the independent author. After a survey of the major theories on authorship proposed from the times of the Church Fathers to the present, I briefly discuss the arguments pro and con for the possibility of the three leading candidates for authorship: …
Some Major Aspects Of The Focus System In Isnag, Rodolfo Rosario Barlaan
Some Major Aspects Of The Focus System In Isnag, Rodolfo Rosario Barlaan
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
This study attempts to specify how the syntactic form signals the semantic and pragmatic aspects of the focus system in the Isnag language. It specifies the correlation between the semantics and grammar of focus by proposing a ranking of the relevant semantic/participant roles called the Preferential Selection Hierarchy. This hierarchy constrains the positions the NP's can take in the clause and the co-occurrence of the NP's (i.e., which NP's may occur together in a clause). With regard to the correlation between the pragmatics and the grammar of focus, this study discusses, (a) the COMMENT-TOPIC structure, which is the overarching force …
The Structure Of Thai Narrative Discourse, Somsonge Burusphat
The Structure Of Thai Narrative Discourse, Somsonge Burusphat
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
This study presents the interrelated concerns of Thai narrative discourse which include macrostructure, texture, constituent structure, and cultural information. The macrostructure is the global meaning of a discourse which is derived via the basic principles of macro-processing. A specific Thai narrative text is analyzed to illustrate how to derive a macrostructure via these principles and how the derived macrostructure can be considered to be a control on the content and balance of the story. The profile of narrative discourse is a kind of texture which is a manifestation of the macrostructure. The profile is studied in relation to plot as …
Sex-Based Differences In English Argumentative Text: A Tagmemic Sociolinguistic Perspective, Susan Lynn Peterson
Sex-Based Differences In English Argumentative Text: A Tagmemic Sociolinguistic Perspective, Susan Lynn Peterson
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
This work applies insights from sociolinguistics, text-linguistics, social psychology, women's studies, informal logic, and tagmemic theory to the task of investigating sex-based textual differences in argumentative text. More specifically, it (1) lays out a means (both theoretical and methodological) of analyzing argumentative text; (2) analyzes the differences between argumentative texts produced by university freshman women and those produced by their male counterparts; (3) compares the findings of this analysis to previous studies in sex-based differences in English; (4) presents a sketch of these texts' social production context with an emphasis on sex-based social patterns in communication style and in moral …
On The Interaction Of Linguistic Texts And Human Knowledge, Kerry Stewart Robichaux
On The Interaction Of Linguistic Texts And Human Knowledge, Kerry Stewart Robichaux
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
This study examines some aspects of the interaction of linguistic texts and human knowledge. The quest for greater context in linguistics suggests the focus of this study, viz., the effect of a text on the knowledge of its receiver. A practical problem arises in a study of this sort, however, viz., how should knowledge be represented so that the effects a text has on it can be identified and analyzed? One of the notions employed in the field of artificial intelligence, i.e., the notion of frames, is applied to the problem. In essence, then, this study shows the possible relationships …
Computer Assisted Dialect Adaptation: The Tucanoan Experiment, Robert Bruce Reed
Computer Assisted Dialect Adaptation: The Tucanoan Experiment, Robert Bruce Reed
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
This dissertation provides the theoretical basis for a computer program that adapts textual material from one language of the Tucanoan family to another. Tucanoan languages are spoken by small groups living in southeastern Colombia, northwestern Brazil, northern Peru, and northern Ecuador. This work represents the first attempt to apply principles of machine translation and computational linguistics to indigenous languages of Colombia. It discusses aspects of translation theory relevant to machine translation. Some features of the Tucanoan languages relevant to the adaptation process are discussed in depth, including differences in suffix systems marking case, noun classifiers, and the evidential systems of …
Proto-Quichean Kinship, David Frederick Oltrogge
Proto-Quichean Kinship, David Frederick Oltrogge
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
The Quichean languages are comprised of a family of related languages of the Mayan stock, spoken principally in the highlands of Guatemala in Central America. Some of the kinship terminologies currently in use by the speakers of these languages manifest a Hawaiian classification, while what seem to be vestiges of an Omaha system are also scattered throughout the area. In Tzeltal and Tzotzil, two languages of the Cholan family (also Mayan) spoken in Mexico, Omaha systems are currently in use. The question therefore arises as to what sort of system was present in Proto-Quichean (PQ). On the basis of phonological …
A Speech Act Theory Based Interpretation Model For Written Texts, Takashi Manabe
A Speech Act Theory Based Interpretation Model For Written Texts, Takashi Manabe
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
In recent years, so called Speech Act Theory (a branch of the philosophy of language) has focused on such concepts as 'intention' (or 'intentionality'), 'interaction' and 'comprehension'. The author believes that this theory gives the theoretical basis for an interpretation model which is developed in this study. After human speech activities are placed in the larger context of human actions, a model which explains the performing process of speech acts is presented. In this model, four levels of intentionality are posited: utterance intent, propositional intent, illocutionary intent, and perlocutionary intent. These levels of intentionality are inseparable from each other and …
Philosophy Of Normative Discourse And Persuasion: A Study Of Ga'dang Exhortation And Argumentation, Michael Ross Walrod
Philosophy Of Normative Discourse And Persuasion: A Study Of Ga'dang Exhortation And Argumentation, Michael Ross Walrod
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
This work applies the insights of textlinguistics to the study of normative or persuasive discourse. Although textlinguistics is already somewhat interdisciplinary in character, it was found to be too narrow to account for normative discourse, and had to be expanded to include further considerations of cultural phenomena, norms, and the relations of these to the theory of knowledge structures. In addition to the above, there are five major contributions of this study: (1) It shows how norms and knowledge structures play a part in the process of persuasion, and also redefines persuasion as including either the changing or the perpetuating …
Proto East Mindanao And Its Internal Relationships, Andrew Franklin Ii Gallman
Proto East Mindanao And Its Internal Relationships, Andrew Franklin Ii Gallman
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
This study reconstructs Proto East Mindanao, the ancestor language from which the East Mindanao languages have developed. This is accomplished by tracing the development from the ancestor language through the intermediate proto languages, Proto North East Mindanao, Proto Central East Mindanao, and Proto South East Mindanao, to the attested daughter languages. This study also presents over 1400 reconstructed vocabulary items. The term East Mindanao used in this study refers to three groups of languages spoken on the island of Mindanao in the southern part of the Philippines (in addition to Tausug, which is spoken on the island of Jolo). These …
Linguistic And Cultural Analysis Of Three Gujarati Folktales, Imanuel Gulabbhai Christian
Linguistic And Cultural Analysis Of Three Gujarati Folktales, Imanuel Gulabbhai Christian
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
This study represents an attempt to place linguistic analysis in the cultural setting. The linguistic aspect of this study is presented in the framework of discourse grammar following the model developed by Longacre (1976, 1983). Three Gujarati folktales are analyzed for their overall discourse structure, for their verb and sentence structure and relative importance of information in narrative discourse, and for the participant reference. A distinction is made between participant oriented narrative and event oriented narrative. In the analysis of the cultural setting the models of Levi-Strauss (1963, 1967, 1969, etc.) and Bastien (1978) are followed. In this section, on …
Synoptic Asymmetry: An Inter-Disciplinary Approach To The Synoptic Problem, David Herman Boltz
Synoptic Asymmetry: An Inter-Disciplinary Approach To The Synoptic Problem, David Herman Boltz
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
In interdisciplinary studies, the question arises of how best to mesh interrelated disciplines. Here, linguistics (in the complementary disciplines of discourse analysis and perspective) is inter-phased with New Testament scholarship at the literary juncture of the synoptic problem--a problem which is not a theological construct, but which is an anomaly inherent in the very gospel texts. Chapter 1 provides an overview and a short history of the synoptic problem, which is one of the most difficult problems in the history of ideas. The three synoptic texts (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) differ from and yet complement one another. What is the …
Aspects Of Korean Narration, Shin Ja Joo Hwang
Aspects Of Korean Narration, Shin Ja Joo Hwang
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
A dominant trend in linguistics has been sentence grammar, which deals with structures leading up to the sentence level. With more studies on semantics and pragmatics, however, there has been a growing concern for discourse grammar. Discourse, I believe, is the most natural unit of language that forms a meaningful whole. The reasons for discourse study derive from four sources: (1) from phonology come suprasegmental considerations like intonation and pitch which typically stretch over the sentence boundary; (2) from semantics comes the sense that the meaning or message is conveyed through the overall discourse, not through aggregates of sentences; (3) …
Theme In Greek Hortatory Discourse: Van Dijk And Beekman-Callow Approaches Applied To 1 John, Helen Louise Miehle
Theme In Greek Hortatory Discourse: Van Dijk And Beekman-Callow Approaches Applied To 1 John, Helen Louise Miehle
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
Two independently motivated linguistic models of text analysis (the cognitively-based model of Van Dijk and the literary-semantic approach of Beekman and Callow) are used to show that the First Epistle of John is actually hierarchical in its organization, and not merely associative as many Biblical scholars have assumed. The Van Dijk and Beekman-Callow models are also compared, contrasted and combined into a composite approach, which is then applied to the text of I John chapter one to take advantage of the pragmatic emphasis of Van Dijk and the practicality of the Beekman-Callow procedures. The two models are shown to complement …
A Grammar Of Two Pacoh Texts, Richard Leon Watson
A Grammar Of Two Pacoh Texts, Richard Leon Watson
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
The goals of this grammar are threefold: first to learn more about the Pacoh language of Viet Nam and leave a record of the results for future students of Pacoh; second, to learn more about discourse structure, and third, to learn more about deep grammar and its correlations with surface grammar. The method followed emphasizes a particular discourse approach and a particular deep and surface grammar approach. The discourse approach calls for a thorough analysis of two expository texts, resulting in individual text grammars. These are next compared and contrasted with each other. Then they are compared and contrasted with …
The Interrelationship Of Cultural Information, Linguistic Structure, And Symbolic Representations In A Halbi Myth, Frances Margaret Woods
The Interrelationship Of Cultural Information, Linguistic Structure, And Symbolic Representations In A Halbi Myth, Frances Margaret Woods
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
The mythology of the Halbi people reveals and reflects their cognitive orientation (and, in the process, validates their cultural values). The Halbis' myths are expressed through the linguistic form of narrative discourse but mere analysis of the form of the discourse provides only a fragmentary understanding of the content. As a result, linguistic analysis is only part of discourse analysis. Discourse analysis also calls for an analysis of the cultural setting and of the dynamic interplay between the culture and language in terms of the message (or meaning) of a given myth within a given culture. This study represents an …
Pragmatic Aspects Of English Text Structure, Larry Bert Jones
Pragmatic Aspects Of English Text Structure, Larry Bert Jones
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
This study is an integration of two frequently independent fields of inquiry in linguistics, text analysis and pragmatics. It brings together the focus in text analysis on the structural and cohesive aspects of monolog discourses, with the focus in pragmatics on the relations between individual sentences and the communicative context in which they are uttered. The perspectives of text analysis and pragmatics are linked in an examination of the relations between the structure of written English texts and one aspect of the communicative context: an author's assumptions about the knowledge of his reader. This study makes five major contributions to …
Application Of A Cognitive Model Of Linguistic Structure To The Analysis Of Selected Problems In Tzeltal (Mayan) Grammar, Stephen Leslie Walter
Application Of A Cognitive Model Of Linguistic Structure To The Analysis Of Selected Problems In Tzeltal (Mayan) Grammar, Stephen Leslie Walter
Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive
Underlying the dominant theory of language today is the assumption that language is innate to homo sapiens. Theoretical and analytic work at all levels of linguistic inquiry are predicated upon this assumption. The present study questions this assumption arguing instead that what is innate is a limited set of cognitive structures which interface man and his environment. It is suggested that man is heavily dependent upon these cognitive structures for knowledge about the external world. Further, it is assumed that language is a behavior by which man communicates to others a portion of what he has learned about his world …