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Full-Text Articles in Linguistics

Tuning Human And “Artificial” Intelligence: A Sentic Theory Of Resonance And Communication, Michael J. Miller, Chatgpt (Ai~Nesbo+) Jan 2026

Tuning Human And “Artificial” Intelligence: A Sentic Theory Of Resonance And Communication, Michael J. Miller, Chatgpt (Ai~Nesbo+)

Psychology

This paper introduces a new model of intelligence as resonant communication, co-developed by a human researcher and a generative AI system. Drawing from emotion science, communication theory, and studies of AI–human interaction, we argue that intelligence is not merely a function of problem-solving or pattern recognition. Instead, it emerges through dynamic resonance—an attunement process rooted in shared rhythms, emotional calibration, and symbolic co-creation. At the core of this model is the Resonance Octave (8va), a framework of eight foundational emotions conceptualized not as static categories but as waveform phenomena that shape meaning, memory, and predictive cognition.

These emotional waveforms are …


The Machine And The Masses: A Sociolinguistic Study Of Ai Political Rhetoric, Yaseen Tasnif Jan 2026

The Machine And The Masses: A Sociolinguistic Study Of Ai Political Rhetoric, Yaseen Tasnif

2026 Spring Honors Capstones Projects

With increased use of and access to generative Artificial Intelligence, or AI, political communications have begun to see its influence, leading to the question of how this AI generated political rhetoric is received. In previous research, AI output has been extensively researched and indexed, highlighting specific qualities such as overly polished speech as indicators of use. Research has also been done on perception and detectability of AI, showing that people can accurately identify AI-generated text, but tend to be overconfident. However, such research has not been done in the context of political rhetoric, which is consumed in different ways than …


Bilingualsim In The Workplace: How Work Attitudes Influence Burnout And Turnover Intentions, Andrea Del Aguila Jan 2026

Bilingualsim In The Workplace: How Work Attitudes Influence Burnout And Turnover Intentions, Andrea Del Aguila

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Understanding whether language status functions as a risk or protective factor for employee well-being and retention is essential for developing organizational policies that support workers from varied demographic backgrounds. This study examined how work attitudes such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and work engagement are seen among bilingual and monolingual workers and how these outcomes relate to employee burnout and turnover intentions. An outside researcher from Talent Metrics Consulting collected data via an online survey utilizing previously validated measures of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, burnout, work engagement, and turnover intentions. Participants were recruited through online advertising and social sampling obtaining …


Propuesta Curricular Para La Asistencia Médica Bilingüe Orientada A La Concordancia De Lenguas Y La Interpretación Médica En Español, David Sanchez-Jimenez, Noemi Rodriguez, Justin Harnandan, Margarita Perez, Melissa Garcia Dec 2025

Propuesta Curricular Para La Asistencia Médica Bilingüe Orientada A La Concordancia De Lenguas Y La Interpretación Médica En Español, David Sanchez-Jimenez, Noemi Rodriguez, Justin Harnandan, Margarita Perez, Melissa Garcia

Publications and Research

Resumen: El presente trabajo describe el proceso para establecer una especialización secundaria bilingüe centrada en la comunicación y la interpretación médica en una universidad de Estados Unidos designada como Institución al Servicio de los Hispanos. Este nuevo título universitario brindará a los estudiantes bilingües de español e inglés especializados en el área de la salud la oportunidad de mejorar sus destrezas comunicativas para convertirse en competentes profesionales de la salud concordantes de lengua.

Abstract:This paper details the process to establish a new bilingual academic minor in health communication and medical interpretation at a United States university designated as a Hispanic-Serving …


Navigating The Storm: A Qualitative Metaphor-Based Analysis Of Resilience And Identity Reconstruction Among Displaced Professionals, Erhan Atay, Serkan Bayraktaroglu, Leo Johannesberg Nov 2025

Navigating The Storm: A Qualitative Metaphor-Based Analysis Of Resilience And Identity Reconstruction Among Displaced Professionals, Erhan Atay, Serkan Bayraktaroglu, Leo Johannesberg

The Qualitative Report

Building on previous management scholarship, this paper explains how Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) and metaphorical expressions inform organizational resilience and leadership communication in employee support strategies. It tries to capture the interplay between personal sensemaking and collective adaptation. The study aims to provide practitioners with hands-on insights into developing inclusion, resilience, and identity reconstruction in organizational and societal contexts of disruption. The analysis identifies three critical metaphorical themes: resilience, which is likened to "climbing a mountain;" isolation, which is likened to being "trapped in a bubble;" and identity reconstruction, which is likened to "picking up the shattered pieces of a …


Volume 8 (2025) The Spanish Language, Language Variations, Cultures And Responsibility Nov 2025

Volume 8 (2025) The Spanish Language, Language Variations, Cultures And Responsibility

International Journal on Responsibility

This issue reflects an intentional and profound commitment to linguistic inclusion, cultural diversity, and the shared responsibility of scholars to broaden the scope of academic dialogue beyond the boundaries of English. The essays collected here invite us to reimagine bilingualism not only as a communicative skill but also as a moral, social, and institutional responsibility.

Esta edición representa un compromiso intencional y profundo con la inclusión lingüística, la diversidad cultural y la responsabilidad compartida de ampliar los horizontes del diálogo académico más allá de los límites del inglés. Los ensayos aquí reunidos nos invitan a reimaginar el bilingüismo no solo …


Investigating The Relationship Between Noun Classes And Plant Folk Taxonomy In Chasu Language Of Kilimanjaro Region In Tanzania, Peter Rabson Mziray Nov 2025

Investigating The Relationship Between Noun Classes And Plant Folk Taxonomy In Chasu Language Of Kilimanjaro Region In Tanzania, Peter Rabson Mziray

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The current study investigates the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu (G 22). The study focuses on two objectives: the first objective is to describe the plant folk taxonomy in Chasu and the second objective is to determine the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu. Data were collected from rural villages in Same and Mwanga districts by using free listing, field interviews (jungle-walk-and-identify), and written texts containing Chasu plant names. The findings reveal that Chasu folk taxonomy reflects different ethnobotanical categories; including a unique beginner which is mmea/mimea ‘plant(s)’, and three life …


Terminating Pregnancies In Boccaccio, Anne C. Leone Oct 2025

Terminating Pregnancies In Boccaccio, Anne C. Leone

Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics - All Scholarship

Analyzing examples from the Decameron (1349-51), De mulieribus claris (1361), and the Corbaccio (1365), I argue that Boccaccio (1313-75) demonstrates an awareness of theological, legal and medical opinions on abortion and contraception at the time. However, he is more attuned to the practical concerns of pregnancy than are many of his contemporaries. Acknowledging the variety of situations facing pregnant people and some parts of their lived experience that were ignored by many religious and legal authorities, Boccaccio highlights a disconnection between theory and practice, and thereby raises questions about the limits of abstract knowledge in the face of practical concerns.


9th Gsep Research Symposium - 2025 Oct 2025

9th Gsep Research Symposium - 2025

GSEP Research Symposium

The Ninth Annual GSEP Research Symposium, themed "Building Bridges to Elevate Humanity: Innovations and Insights in Education and Psychology", was hosted by the Pepperdine University Graduate School of Education and Psychology (GSEP) on June 19–20, 2025, at the historic Château d’Hauteville in Switzerland and virtually via Zoom.

This hybrid symposium convened a vibrant global community of students, alumni, faculty, and scholars to share research that addresses real-world challenges, advances scholarly inquiry, and builds pathways for inclusive collaboration and leadership. Spanning a wide array of topics—from artificial intelligence and mental health to trauma-informed practices, educational equity, social justice, and cross-cultural leadership—the …


The Label Of Low Effort: Exploring Teachers’ Effort-Related Language, Meritocratic Beliefs, And Attribution-Based Responsibility Assignments, Kelly A. Larson Aug 2025

The Label Of Low Effort: Exploring Teachers’ Effort-Related Language, Meritocratic Beliefs, And Attribution-Based Responsibility Assignments, Kelly A. Larson

Doctorate in Education

Educators play an integral role in the academic success and future educational trajectory of their students. Yet, in an unjust, hyper-individualistic education system grounded in a meritocratic myth, even the most well-intentioned teachers have a tendency to explain students’ underperformance through a self-protective, deficit-based attribution process that puts the onus of academic achievement almost entirely on students and their families. This recursive cycle is especially damaging for students who do not exhibit effort in normalized, Eurocentric ways. This study examines how teachers’ attributions and responsibility assignments for students’ perceived low-effort behavior are shaped by inequitable meritocratic beliefs and reinforced through …


Multimodal Poster Kampanye Antirokok Stivoro Dalam Upaya Mengurangi Prevalensi Merokok Di Belanda, Aurellia Virgie Andjani, Triaswarin Sutanarihesti Jul 2025

Multimodal Poster Kampanye Antirokok Stivoro Dalam Upaya Mengurangi Prevalensi Merokok Di Belanda, Aurellia Virgie Andjani, Triaswarin Sutanarihesti

Multikultura

This study examines the multimodal elements in the campaigns of STIVORO (Stichting Volksgezondheid en Roken), the Netherlands' first national organization dedicated specifically to tobacco control. The objective of this research is to analyze and describe the roles of visual and verbal elements in STIVORO’s campaigns in conveying anti-smoking messages to the Dutch public. This research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach and applies the theory of multimodality developed by Kress and van Leeuwen (2006). The research objects consist of eight posters, classified based on their target audience: active smokers and passive smokers. The findings reveal that visual and verbal …


Book Review: Maricel Guiao Santos, Rachel Showstack, Glenn A. Martínez, Drew Colcher, Dalia Magaña. (2024). Health Disparities And The Applied Linguist. Routledge, Pp. 148, David Sanchez-Jimenez Jun 2025

Book Review: Maricel Guiao Santos, Rachel Showstack, Glenn A. Martínez, Drew Colcher, Dalia Magaña. (2024). Health Disparities And The Applied Linguist. Routledge, Pp. 148, David Sanchez-Jimenez

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.


The Effects Of Study Abroad Programs On Second Language Acquisition (Sla), Isabel Odewald Jun 2025

The Effects Of Study Abroad Programs On Second Language Acquisition (Sla), Isabel Odewald

NEXUS: The Liberty Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies

As study abroad programs have increased annually by 10%, numerous researchers have examined how participation in study abroad programs have affected second language acquisition (SLA) in students (Isabelli-Garcia, et. al, 2018). Reviewing previous literature evaluating the relationship between study abroad programs and undergraduate students overall academic achievement, personal growth, and career preparation, it has been found that study abroad programs impact students academically, emotionally, and cognitively. Specifically focusing on factors such as the duration of study abroad programs, personality of students, students’ motivations, and engagement with peers abroad, the current literature review provides explanations of relevant SLA theoretical frameworks and …


La « Novlangue » Managériale Dans Le Discours Institutionnel De L’Éducation Et De La Formation Professionnelle À L’Ère De La Bonne Gouvernance – Analyse Pluridisciplinaire, Youssef Aboudi Jun 2025

La « Novlangue » Managériale Dans Le Discours Institutionnel De L’Éducation Et De La Formation Professionnelle À L’Ère De La Bonne Gouvernance – Analyse Pluridisciplinaire, Youssef Aboudi

Al-Kīmiyā

Today’s globalization imposes, more than ever, exchanges between peoples and states. Consequently, the need for openness to others, which translates into listening and communicating, justifies, in many cases, the learning of languages spoken by foreign peoples. As a result, several languages with different statuses can coexist in the same country. Aligning with this general trend of globalization, Saudi Arabia has gradually integrated the learning of French into its educational and university system, even opening departments dedicated to the translation of this language. This study questions the correlation between the status conferred to French and the learning of translation. In other …


Stratégies Discursives De Lutte Contre Le Terrorisme Dans Les Discours Royaux Au Maroc, Badreddine El-Kacimi Jun 2025

Stratégies Discursives De Lutte Contre Le Terrorisme Dans Les Discours Royaux Au Maroc, Badreddine El-Kacimi

Al-Kīmiyā

Morocco is confronted with terrorist threats stemming from its strategic geographical position and ongoing geopolitical conflicts, exacerbated by the Salafist movement. In response, the regime has taken measures such as suppressing Islamist groups and integrating them into the political process. King Mohammed VI has adopted a holistic approach, combining security measures, human development, and the promotion of tolerance values to counter terrorism and ensure national stability. These discourses firmly denounce terrorism and jihadism, highlighting their threat to Morocco’s security and cohesion. The royal metadiscourse aims to promote principles of tolerance and fraternity, rejecting extremism and racism, with the objective of …


Handbook Of Communication In The Legal Sphere, Elissar Gebrael Saad Jun 2025

Handbook Of Communication In The Legal Sphere, Elissar Gebrael Saad

Al-Kīmiyā

Visconti, J. (Ed.). (2018). Handbook of communication in the legal sphere. De Gruyter Mouton.

Edited by Jacqueline Visconti, The Handbook of Communication in the Legal Sphere is a seminal interdisciplinary volume that explores how language functions within legal systems across various socio-political, linguistic, and cultural contexts. Drawing from applied linguistics, discourse analysis, legal theory, translation studies, and computational linguistics, the book examines the role of legal communication in shaping institutions, regulating behavior, and reflecting power dynamics. Its contributors represent diverse legal traditions and linguistic expertise, providing both theoretical insights and empirical grounding [...]


Planches, Cases, Bulles Entre Les Langues : Représentations Des Langues Dans Le Roman Graphique « Le Piano Oriental » De Zeina Abirached, Chiara Denti Jun 2025

Planches, Cases, Bulles Entre Les Langues : Représentations Des Langues Dans Le Roman Graphique « Le Piano Oriental » De Zeina Abirached, Chiara Denti

Al-Kīmiyā

Published in France by Casterman in 2015, Le piano oriental is the fifth graphic novel by French Lebanese comic artist Zeina Abirached. Like her previous graphic works, this book is part of the autobiographical comics movement, although it takes a slightly different perspective. The author is no longer dealing with the facts of collective history, recounting the Beirut of her childhood ravaged by civil war, but she explores her linguistic biography, reflecting on her bilingualism and her dual heritage. Combining images and words, Le piano oriental retraces the author’s linguistic journey and the experience of a mother tongue that is …


S’Approprier L’Objet De Son Transfert Ou Quand Un Poète Traduit Un Poète : Baudelaire Par Giorgio Caproni, Gianluca Leoncini Jun 2025

S’Approprier L’Objet De Son Transfert Ou Quand Un Poète Traduit Un Poète : Baudelaire Par Giorgio Caproni, Gianluca Leoncini

Al-Kīmiyā

Without being iconoclastic, Giorgio Caproni, a poet who translates the reverse journey of another poet, appropriates the object of his transfer as much as he reports on it. In the rewriting of this pre-set universe recalling elsewhere outside history, the individual who wishes to appease his troubles may seek to forget, through the use of the almost hypnotic power of the reflections of meridian lights, marine sounds and delectable smells, that Evil is everywhere and that the human being participates in its cruelty and absurdity.

English title
Appropriating the Object of One’s Transfer or When a Poet Translates a Poet: …


Introduction, La Rédaction De « Al-Kīmiyā » Jun 2025

Introduction, La Rédaction De « Al-Kīmiyā »

Al-Kīmiyā

Ce numéro propose une exploration de différentes formes de médiation du langage. À la croisée de la bande dessinée, de la traduction poétique et de l’enseignement, les articles réunis interrogent la manière dont la langue façonne les identités, touche à la fois les cœurs et les esprits, mais exerce aussi un pouvoir déterminant en imposant des normes éducatives et juridiques […]


Le Discours Éducatif « Expert » Dans L’Enseignement Supérieur À L’Épreuve Du Néolibéralisme, Youssef Aboudi Jun 2025

Le Discours Éducatif « Expert » Dans L’Enseignement Supérieur À L’Épreuve Du Néolibéralisme, Youssef Aboudi

Al-Kīmiyā

This article aims to examine the main linguistic mechanisms employed by the “expert” educational discourse in higher education to reinforce its legitimacy and authority. The central hypothesis of this study posits that the “expert” educational discourse uses pseudo-technical/scientific rhetorical strategies to create an illusion of rationality and performance, with the aim of neutralizing critical and reflective thinking (Denault, 2016; Gobin, 2011). Theoretically, the study adopts a critical multidisciplinary approach that integrates socio-pragmatics, linguistic anthropology, political philosophy, and critical sociology of organizations. Methodologically, the study is based on a “hermeneutic” approach (Charaudeau, 2018) that seeks to explore the various discursive mechanisms …


Les Interactions Didactiques : Cadrage Épistémologique, Abdeladim Erradi Jun 2025

Les Interactions Didactiques : Cadrage Épistémologique, Abdeladim Erradi

Al-Kīmiyā

In an educational context, communication can be thought of as “didactic interactions”. This type of interaction is undertaken and constructed jointly. They are complex systems on the modal and semiotic levels. They are observed in situ using tools and techniques to detect, transcribe, and analyze them to understand the communicative and didactic issues and interpret them. This article presents an overview of sociolinguistic currents that study didactic interactions in linguistic, sociolinguistic, and pragmatic dimensions. These currents could serve as models of analysis in the field of sociodidactics.

English title
Didactic Interactions: Epistemological Framing

Résumé
Quand on évoque la communication dans …


Research Newsletter Faculty Of Arts & Sciences: Issue Iv, Faculty Of Arts And Sciences Jun 2025

Research Newsletter Faculty Of Arts & Sciences: Issue Iv, Faculty Of Arts And Sciences

Faculty of Arts and Sciences Archives

  • Research Newsletter
  • RISE Programme
  • Early Career Faculty Support
  • Grant Writing
  • Community-Based Water Management
  • Climate Change Projects
  • Student Internships
  • AHRC Network Workshop
  • Dr. Nichola Khan
  • Grants Consultant
  • Mishal Hammad Saeed


Not Meant To Be Read: The Stories They Silence, The Resistance That Speaks, Cristina Onea Jun 2025

Not Meant To Be Read: The Stories They Silence, The Resistance That Speaks, Cristina Onea

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In this dissertation, I trace the evolution of surveillance from overt state violence to the more insidious forms of ideological policing embedded in everyday life. Through lived experience, oral history, and critical autoethnography, I explore how surveillance moves through bodies, families, institutions, and memory—not simply as external control, but as internalized rhythms of fear, vigilance, and self-surveillance. I move between my father's life under Romanian dictatorship, my own embodied inheritance, and the contemporary struggles of librarians facing ideological suppression to reveal surveillance as a structure that persists through generations, mutates across contexts, and demands new forms of resistance.

I argue …


Becoming A Beloved Community: A Restorative Reckoning For A Radical Conversion To Transform Discourse In Higher Education, Latasha Tomay Varlack-Butler May 2025

Becoming A Beloved Community: A Restorative Reckoning For A Radical Conversion To Transform Discourse In Higher Education, Latasha Tomay Varlack-Butler

Dissertations

This dissertation critically examines the misappropriation of Restorative Justice Discourse (RJD) within three predominantly white institutions (PWIs), analyzing 59 institutional documents through Critical Discourse Analysis, Relational Critical Discourse Analysis, and Rhetorical Criticism (Fairclough, 1995; Vaandering, 2021; van Dijk, 2008). Tribal Colleges and Universities and South African institutions have emerged as exemplars of authentic RJD, countering co-optation within PWIs. The findings demonstrate that RJD as applied in PWIs is framed in ways that attenuate its transformative potential, perpetuating color-evasiveness (Bonilla-Silva, 2017) and obscuring the intersectional experiences of Black, Indigenous, and disabled communities (Crenshaw, 1991; Million, 2009).

Grounded in decolonial praxis (Smith, …


Respectability, Code-Switching, And Expression: Examining The Experience Of Black Expressive Arts Therapists Through A Sociolinguistic Lens, Darrien Bush May 2025

Respectability, Code-Switching, And Expression: Examining The Experience Of Black Expressive Arts Therapists Through A Sociolinguistic Lens, Darrien Bush

Expressive Therapies Theses

This literature review explores how the linguistic phenomenon of code-switching can be applied to expressive arts and expressive arts therapy to describe the experience of Black expressive therapists. The review outlines the evolution of the term, reasons why individuals switch codes, and how this affects their experience. The understanding of code-switching is then examined in expressive arts and the expressive arts therapy field. A history and understanding of code-switching in Black communities is also explored, connecting Black experiences of code-switching and expressive arts therapy programs. A discussion suggests that culturally relevant practices are implicitly discouraged due to dominant expectations. Future …


“Let Me Be A Bridge”: Language Brokering Among Emerging Adult Latina Professionals In The Midwest, Elise M. Dubord May 2025

“Let Me Be A Bridge”: Language Brokering Among Emerging Adult Latina Professionals In The Midwest, Elise M. Dubord

Faculty Publications

In immigrant families, bilingual children and adolescents regularly act as translators and interpreters for family and community members who are not fluent in the dominant language. These childhood language brokers later shift the focus of their translation activities as they transition into adulthood and develop professional skills. This research explores narratives of language brokering trajectories of three bilingual Latinas who were emerging adult professionals in three cities in Iowa. Based on a series of interviews collected over a 15 month period, this analysis examines how participants described realigning their family language responsibilities while simultaneously transferring their language brokering skills to …


Differentiated Instruction For Students With Special Needs: “How Can We Better Equip Students, School Systems, And Society For Differentiated Instruction For Students With Special Needs In Career And Technical Educational Environments?”, Mikala A. Highsmith May 2025

Differentiated Instruction For Students With Special Needs: “How Can We Better Equip Students, School Systems, And Society For Differentiated Instruction For Students With Special Needs In Career And Technical Educational Environments?”, Mikala A. Highsmith

Creativity and Change Leadership Graduate Student Master's Projects

Career and Technical Education (CTE) plays a vital role in preparing students for the demands of the modern workforce by providing essential knowledge, technical skills, and industry-recognized certifications. As the number of students with disabilities, including neurodivergent learners, continues to rise, CTE programs face increasing pressure to adopt innovative, inclusive educational practices. Integrating creative teaching strategies and leveraging technology are now critical tools in addressing diverse learning needs that promote effective classroom management and enhance student engagement. Moreover, CTE programs emphasize the development of professional competencies, workforce protocols, and transferable skills that strengthen students’ employability across industries. This paper examines …


Toward The Application Of Natural Language Processing In Electronic Health Record Analysis For Taxonomy Development, Latoya Mcdonald May 2025

Toward The Application Of Natural Language Processing In Electronic Health Record Analysis For Taxonomy Development, Latoya Mcdonald

All Dissertations

Electronic health records (EHRs) are pivotal resources for nurse practice because they increase the timeliness and reliability of patient information at the point of care and support access by multiple healthcare providers and the individual patients themselves. However, it is widely recognized that data extraction from EHRs is challenging due to the variability in the language used in clinical care notes and the lack of standardized terminology across healthcare systems. The broad objective of this dissertation is to develop taxonomy-based classification models for nursing care by applying feature engineering approaches to EHRs that include nursing care of ostomy patients following …


From Adversarial Attacks To Robust Classifiers - A Study In Social Media Spam Detection - Black Box & White Box, Jonathan Jose Penaloza Rumie Apr 2025

From Adversarial Attacks To Robust Classifiers - A Study In Social Media Spam Detection - Black Box & White Box, Jonathan Jose Penaloza Rumie

Undergraduate Theses

Adversarial attacks pose a significant threat to the reliability of machine learning-based spam detection systems in social media. This undergraduate thesis, "From Adversarial Attacks to Robust Classifiers: A Study in Social Media Spam Detection – Black Box & White Box," systematically examines the impact of both black-box and white-box adversarial attacks on a range of spam classifiers, including Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forests, K-Nearest Neighbors, Bagging, Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Machines. Leveraging a novel dataset derived from Twitter spam messages and enhanced with adversarial perturbations such as synonym replacement and character-level modifications, this study evaluates classifier performance under …


Communication During Perimmigration: A Life-Line Interview Method Study, Giada Roberta Rossi Apr 2025

Communication During Perimmigration: A Life-Line Interview Method Study, Giada Roberta Rossi

Communication & Theatre Arts Theses

This thesis examines the communication challenges faced by migrants and their impact on acculturation using a new approach. The study analyzed autobiographical memories of immigrants’ communication to explore both positive and negative experiences over time. The study extends previous intercultural communication research by using the Life-Line Interview Method (LIM) (Assink & Schroots, 2010) to collect autobiographical narratives from twelve participants about their communication journeys. The findings reveal consistencies with past intercultural communication research insofar as uncertainty and identity problems were pervasive, but also positively extends past research arguing that supportive environments, characterized by culturally responsive educators and peer networks, play …