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Information Literacy Commons

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Scholarly Communication

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2021

Articles 1 - 30 of 52

Full-Text Articles in Information Literacy

Users’ Attitudes To The Use Of Electronic Resources And Services By Undergraduate Students Of Mcpherson University, Ogun State, Nigeria, Esther O. Jatto Mrs, Basirat O. Diyaolu Mrs Dec 2021

Users’ Attitudes To The Use Of Electronic Resources And Services By Undergraduate Students Of Mcpherson University, Ogun State, Nigeria, Esther O. Jatto Mrs, Basirat O. Diyaolu Mrs

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The availability of e-resources in university libraries does not determine its usage. These resources are an added advantage for students to get more sources of information for their educational pursuit. However, there was an observation that most students are not using these resources as expected. This study investigated Users’ attitudes to the use of electronic resources and services by undergraduate students of McPherson University, Ogun State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was use to select 294 respondents as sample size for the study, using questionnaire as research instruments. Majority of the respondents (72.1%) affirmed availability of e-books and (63.3%) e-journal, …


Awareness Of Predatory Journals In Library And Information Science Faculties In India, Madhuri Kumari, Subaveerapandiyan A Dec 2021

Awareness Of Predatory Journals In Library And Information Science Faculties In India, Madhuri Kumari, Subaveerapandiyan A

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Predatory journals that pretended to resemble refereed journals but are used for money-making purposes. Predatory publishers produce less quality scientific and research papers; it is a severe academic threat in scientific publications. Researchers are ensuring the quality of the journal and peer-reviewing process before submitting the manuscript. This paper aims to know the Indian Library and Information Science faculties awareness and knowledge about Predatory journals. To this study, 67 LIS (Library and Information Science) faculties took part, and they are working as Assistant Professors (67.2%), Associate Professors (16.4%) and Professors (16.4%) of various states (31.3%) and central universities (68.7%) in …


Comparing Koha And Software For University Libraries (Soul): A Comprehensive Analysis Of Their Functional Modules, Parbat Chhetri Dec 2021

Comparing Koha And Software For University Libraries (Soul): A Comprehensive Analysis Of Their Functional Modules, Parbat Chhetri

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

In the ever-evolving landscape of library management systems, the choice of the most suitable solution can significantly impact the efficiency and effectiveness of a library's daily operations. This in-depth practical analysis compares the key functional modules of two prominent contenders, Koha and SOUL 3.0, providing valuable insights for librarians and decision-makers in their selection process. Koha, an open-source Integrated Library System (ILS), offers a flexible, cost-effective platform with extensive modules for libraries of varying sizes. SOUL 3.0, a commercial system, focuses on innovation and seamless integration, emphasizing user experience and efficiency. The analysis delves into their hardware and software requirements, …


Digital Rights Management (Drm) In The Libraries Of Digital-Era: Concepts, Ipr Issues & Concerns Of Lis Community, Subhajit Panda Nov 2021

Digital Rights Management (Drm) In The Libraries Of Digital-Era: Concepts, Ipr Issues & Concerns Of Lis Community, Subhajit Panda

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

A rapid shifting perceived from traditional content to digital media due to increasing advantages in every step of the information life cycle: create, collect, organize, store, access, deliver & use. Along with the advantages, digital content transactions are more likely prone to effects through IPR issues. Copyright and intellectual property rights (IPR) have been established and extended over hundreds of years, but implementing the same in the digital environment faces huge challenges. This article started by introducing digital rights & digital rights management (DRM), its architectural framework & techniques, and associated IPR issues. The perception of the LIS community about …


Offering Web-Based Tools Via Library Websites For Academic And Research Progression: An Analytical Study, Tanmay De Sarkar Nov 2021

Offering Web-Based Tools Via Library Websites For Academic And Research Progression: An Analytical Study, Tanmay De Sarkar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of the present study is to explore the possibility of integrating various online tools and apps with the library website and to identify the issues and benefits of implementing these tools. Quantitative online survey method was used using Google form in the present study to investigate the perception of the academic community involving students, teachers, and research scholars across higher education institutes in West Bengal, India about the online tools and apps and how they respond while interacting with these tools. Based on the responses to a series of questions, the study analyzed user observation and found purposive …


Covid-19 Effects On Libraries Goes Beyond Books: Lead City University In Perspective, Adedoyin Johnson, Oluwabunmi Bakare Dr. Nov 2021

Covid-19 Effects On Libraries Goes Beyond Books: Lead City University In Perspective, Adedoyin Johnson, Oluwabunmi Bakare Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Information is a resource that is naturally needed in all aspects of human endeavors and the library, as an institution responsible for the acquisition, organization and dissemination of information is highly sought by information users. However, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the closure or restriction of access to libraries all over the world, of which the Lead City University Library was not an exception. This article contends that the restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has a wide ranging impact on the library and its users that goes beyond lack of access to books and other …


Extending The Open Access Using Extensions: Freeing Scholarly Communication From The Walled Garden, Subhajit Panda, Rupak Chakravarty Nov 2021

Extending The Open Access Using Extensions: Freeing Scholarly Communication From The Walled Garden, Subhajit Panda, Rupak Chakravarty

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

IFLA/FAIFE strongly advocates intellectual freedom as the basis of democracy and the core of the library concept. The spirit and philosophy of Open Access are in sync with FAIFE owing to its visible role in sharing intellectual freedom for building information democracy. The present paper is dedicated to the new and emerging technology-driven tools for researchers and academicians to access or discover OA research more easily and effectively. The main focus of the paper is to introduce to the readers about the various technology-driven tools for effective and immediate Open Access (OA) research discovery. Under this objective, mission and services …


Incorporating Student Interns & Grant-Funded Collection Development To Improve Dei In Library Collections, Veronica A. Wells, Mickel Paris, Michele Gibney Nov 2021

Incorporating Student Interns & Grant-Funded Collection Development To Improve Dei In Library Collections, Veronica A. Wells, Mickel Paris, Michele Gibney

University Libraries Librarian and Staff Presentations

No abstract provided.


Corporate Social Responsibility Activities For Public Libraries Engagement Towards The Actualization Of Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs): A Survey Of Public Libraries In South-East And South-South Nigeria, Genevieve Chinedu Opara, Ph.D, Oyemike Victor Benson, Ph.D, Genevive Chigekwu Nnadieto, Nov 2021

Corporate Social Responsibility Activities For Public Libraries Engagement Towards The Actualization Of Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs): A Survey Of Public Libraries In South-East And South-South Nigeria, Genevieve Chinedu Opara, Ph.D, Oyemike Victor Benson, Ph.D, Genevive Chigekwu Nnadieto,

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Purpose: The study is on corporate social responsibility activities for public libraries engagement towards the actualization of sustainable development goals (SDGs): a survey of public libraries in south-east and south-south Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach: The survey design was adopted. Data were gathered through questionnaire. Population of study comprised of librarians working in the public libraries in south-east and south-south Nigeria. A total of 77 questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings: The corporate social responsibilities that public libraries should participate in order to end poverty in present-day society include dissemination of timely agricultural information, business information, economic information services that …


Workshops Mise En Place: Working With Campus Partners To Cook Up Tech Workshops In The Library, Nancy R. Curtis, Grace Liu, Anne Marie Engelsen Nov 2021

Workshops Mise En Place: Working With Campus Partners To Cook Up Tech Workshops In The Library, Nancy R. Curtis, Grace Liu, Anne Marie Engelsen

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

No abstract provided.


Usage And Usefulness Of N-List E-Resources Among Postgraduate Students Of Government Aided Colleges In Punjab, India, Subhajit Panda Oct 2021

Usage And Usefulness Of N-List E-Resources Among Postgraduate Students Of Government Aided Colleges In Punjab, India, Subhajit Panda

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

With the emergence of information technology, users' information-seeking behaviour (ISB) and information preferences alter with a great space. The advancement of ICT infrastructure leads to increase demand and widespread use of e-resources. The Internet and the Web are constantly influencing the development of new modes of scholarly communication; their potential for delivering goods is quite vast, as they overcome the geographical limitations associated with print media. Now users can access e-resources on their desktops. But in India, the constraints on sufficient access to e-resources lay on the financial barrier & high subscription charges. To overcome it and prioritize the college …


Collection Management And Utilization Of Electronic Resources By Postgraduate Students In The University Of Ibadan, Nigeria, Kazeem Adeshina Oct 2021

Collection Management And Utilization Of Electronic Resources By Postgraduate Students In The University Of Ibadan, Nigeria, Kazeem Adeshina

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

As the life cycle of information products has become increasingly digital from “cradle to grave,” the nature of electronic information management has dramatically changed. These changes have brought new strategies and methods as well as new issues and challenges. At the bottom line the services are increasingly delivered to a desktop from distributed publishers or information providers. Information organizations act either as primary information providers or as brokers between the user and the primary service provider. Hence, the study examines the collection management and utilization of e-resources by postgraduate students in University of Ibadan. Descriptive survey design was employed for …


Influence Of Information Sources, Needs And Gender On Information Use Of Science Undergraduate Students In University Of Ibadan, Nigeria, Kazeem Adeshina Mr. Oct 2021

Influence Of Information Sources, Needs And Gender On Information Use Of Science Undergraduate Students In University Of Ibadan, Nigeria, Kazeem Adeshina Mr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study aims at determining the influence of information needs, sources and gender on information use by faculty of science undergraduate students in universities in southwest Nigeria. In order to sample all important sub-population of the students, data were collected from seven departments which are Computer science, Chemistry, Microbiology, Industrial Chemistry, Physic, Archaeology, and Anthropology. Data was collected using a questionnaire from 500 students while data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and T-test. It was found that a significant relationship between information needs to their major information sources used, there was significant relationship between information needs and the …


Reference Services In Private University Libraries Of Assam: A Study, Shyamanta Boro Mr, Sanjay Kumar Singh Dr Oct 2021

Reference Services In Private University Libraries Of Assam: A Study, Shyamanta Boro Mr, Sanjay Kumar Singh Dr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)


Abstract

Objective:

The present study intends to investigate the private university libraries of Assam and their different kinds of library services and reference services, web 2.0 features and its different adopted methodology for the advancement of library services and how these library services are being provided and what are the technical or non-technical measures adopted by the library professional to perceived job performance. It also intends to carry out additional library facilities like an online learning support system and enabling future generations to utilize acquired knowledge from the study libraries.

Methodology:

For this study, both qualitative and quantitative approaches for …


Making Memes: Teaching Visual Literacy In A (Fun) Remote Environment, Jillian M. Ewalt, Bridget Retzloff Oct 2021

Making Memes: Teaching Visual Literacy In A (Fun) Remote Environment, Jillian M. Ewalt, Bridget Retzloff

Roesch Library Faculty Presentations

How can you use humor to relieve pandemic fatigue while teaching visual literacy? At the University of Dayton, librarians developed an asynchronous session on visual literacy and internet memes. The session introduced students to fair use, public domain and Creative Commons images and tools for determining how they could be remixed or reused. The interactive tutorial included an active learning component where students created their own fun and lighthearted memes. Memes were shared with permission via the library’s social media channels and not only showcased student work but built community through humor in spite of pandemic isolation. This poster covers …


Critical Pedagogy In Library Collections: Conducting A Dei Library Audit With Student Interns, Veronica Wells, Michele Gibney, Mickel Paris, Corey Pfitzer Oct 2021

Critical Pedagogy In Library Collections: Conducting A Dei Library Audit With Student Interns, Veronica Wells, Michele Gibney, Mickel Paris, Corey Pfitzer

University Libraries Librarian and Staff Presentations

During Spring 2021, a team of librarians and eight student interns conducted a diversity, equity, and inclusion audit of our institution’s print and ebook collection in order to examine the voices and subjects represented and to reveal diversity shortcomings. Students assisted in determining the methodology, assessing print and ebook collections, and providing recommendations on closing identified collection gaps. Librarians and students met semi-monthly to check in on the progress of the project and to discuss an article related to DEI in libraries and publishing.

Students completed a survey at the beginning, middle, and end of the project in order to …


Platforms And Tools Used For Online Learning All Over The World During Covid-19: A Study, Sana Aslam, Sharad Kumar Sonkar Oct 2021

Platforms And Tools Used For Online Learning All Over The World During Covid-19: A Study, Sana Aslam, Sharad Kumar Sonkar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic has wreaked havoc across the globe. In the realm of education, this pandemic has resulted in the widespread suspension of face-to-face operations at educational institutions in over 190 countries in order to limit the virus's spread and reduce its effects. According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), more than 1.2 billion students at all levels of education have quit attending face-to-face lectures by mid-May 2020. More than 1.5 billion students and learners have been affected by school and university closures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, different tools and techniques for …


Friends Of Musselman Library Newsletter Fall 2021, Musselman Library Oct 2021

Friends Of Musselman Library Newsletter Fall 2021, Musselman Library

Friends of Musselman Library Newsletter

From the Dean (Robin Wagner)

Library Letter Box

By the Numbers

Library News

  • A Moveable Feast: The Art of Robert Patierno
  • Selections from The Columbus Suite
  • Reclaiming the Story: Reflections on Carl Beam (Keira Koch ‘19)
  • Librarians Guide Bio Blitz Week
  • “Lattes” Program Branches Out
  • Fund in Memory of Mary Margaret Stewart (1931–2021)
  • Check It Out: Exploring Careers in Libraries

Is This Plagiarism?

New Faces

  • Librarian Responds to Changing Student Needs
  • The First-Year Experience is Key
  • Night Owl Finds Satisfying Role as Mentor

Bringing Hidden Collections into the Spotlight (Beth Carmichael)

GettDigital: The Virtual Reading Room

African-Americans at Gettysburg College: …


Friends Of Musselman Library Newsletter Fall 2021 - Special Supplement, Musselman Library Oct 2021

Friends Of Musselman Library Newsletter Fall 2021 - Special Supplement, Musselman Library

Friends of Musselman Library Newsletter

What’s Special about Special Collections? (Robin Wagner)

Rare Books: Cooper Fund Supports First Editions (Carolyn Sautter)

Manuscripts and Letters: Letter-Writing Seminar Draws from Many Eras (Magdalena Sánchez)

Almanacs: Colonial America Comes Alive with Poor Richard’s (Timothy Shannon)

Maps: Geography Sparks Discussion

Asian Art: Students Get Hands-on Curatorial Experience

Photographs: Photographs Transport Students to Another Time (Shannon Egan)

Posters: Wartime Attitudes Revealed through Propaganda Posters (Jill Titus)

Artifacts: Monsters Break the Ice

  • Policing the Boundaries of the Possible (Mercedes Valmisa Oviedo)

Bookmaking: Old Technology Blends with Digital Humanities

Conservation: Pennsylvania College Class of 1854 Gets a Facelift (Mary Wootton)


Smartphone Usage Among University Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study, Pinky Bhagat, Somipam R. Shimray Sep 2021

Smartphone Usage Among University Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study, Pinky Bhagat, Somipam R. Shimray

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

The unusual lockdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic has exploded globally, revealing the whole population and touching all areas in our lives: education, work, politics, entertainment, economy, markets, etc. Online teaching and learning during pandemics have exposed students to technology, ultimately resulting in ingesting of digital media. In this favor, the research aims to determine the use of smartphones among university students during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Therefore, this study aims to examine the use of smartphones by university students during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study collected 165 respondents from Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A central university), Lucknow. This study …


Connecting The Dots: Research Discovery Using Network Analysis Algorithms, Soma Prasad, Rupak Chakravarty Sep 2021

Connecting The Dots: Research Discovery Using Network Analysis Algorithms, Soma Prasad, Rupak Chakravarty

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of the study is to examine the process of research discovery using network analysis algorithm. To assess the paper discovery module and other associated features, the paper titled “Lifetime Prevalence and Age-of-Onset Distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication” as selected as “seed paper” authored by American sociologist “Ronald C Kessler”, Professor of Health Care Policy at Harvard Medical School. The findings of the experimental study revealed that unlike traditional citation databases which would yield results by keyword or topic search, Inciteful creates a graph of academic papers based on selected “seed papers” which …


Boko-Haram Insurgency: Correlating Information Needs Of Members Of Vigilante In Adamawa State, North-East Nigeria., Muhammad Murtala Ibrahim, Idris A. Dano Sep 2021

Boko-Haram Insurgency: Correlating Information Needs Of Members Of Vigilante In Adamawa State, North-East Nigeria., Muhammad Murtala Ibrahim, Idris A. Dano

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study correlated the Information needs of Members of Vigilante to other Information activities in Adamawa state, North-eastern Nigeria. Quantitative research methodology and Cross-sectional survey design was applied for the study. The population comprised of One Thousand Four Hundred Members (1400) drawn from Nineteen (19) local governments areas in the state. Krejcie and Morgan Table (1970) was used to draw (302) members as sample of the population, while Walpole’s (1982) formula for proportions was used in arriving at a sample for each stratum (i.e. each local government area). In collecting data, a total of Three Hundred and Two (302) copies …


Cite Your Sources Auto-Magically: Helping Students Choose A Citation Management Tool, Barbara M. Sorondo, Francisco Javier Fajardo, Christopher M. Jimenez, Rebecca Roth, Stephanie Brenenson Sep 2021

Cite Your Sources Auto-Magically: Helping Students Choose A Citation Management Tool, Barbara M. Sorondo, Francisco Javier Fajardo, Christopher M. Jimenez, Rebecca Roth, Stephanie Brenenson

Works of the FIU Libraries

This recipe for the Cite Your Sources Auto Magically workshop is designed as a sampler of citation management tools. The workshop enables students, researchers, and faculty to preview four of the most popular choices currently out there: RefWorks, EndNote, Mendeley, and Zotero.

At Florida International University, the new workshop originated from both student and faculty frequently asked questions as well as feedback at our pre-existing citation management workshops. It was also prompted by the possibility of the university ending the sitewide subscription to RefWorks, the longest-running option for those in need of citation management assistance. After discussing what our students …


A Five-Star Citing Experience: Creating Variations On A Master Class, Christopher M. Jimenez, Rebecca Roth, Stephanie Brenenson, Barbara M. Sorondo, Francisco Javier Fajardo Sep 2021

A Five-Star Citing Experience: Creating Variations On A Master Class, Christopher M. Jimenez, Rebecca Roth, Stephanie Brenenson, Barbara M. Sorondo, Francisco Javier Fajardo

Works of the FIU Libraries

This recipe describes a method for applying a master class outline to various workshops on citation management tools. The librarians at Florida International University (FIU) have historically provided a workshop series on RefWorks. In response to demands from the university community for other tools, we have adapted the master class outline into a template for teaching EndNote, Mendeley, and Zotero. By using this recipe, readers will have a simple template for their own citation management tool workshop series.


Maktabah Syamilah As An Information Seeking Tool For Higher Education In Islamic Studies, Asnil Aidah Ritonga Sep 2021

Maktabah Syamilah As An Information Seeking Tool For Higher Education In Islamic Studies, Asnil Aidah Ritonga

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study is a personal perspective from the experience of teaching Islamic Studies in a Master's Program of Islamic Higher Education. Students' limited knowledge and skills while seeking reference sources for Islamic studies serve as an obstacle in writing authentic academic works. Therefore, the use of Maktabah Syamilah as a reference tool for Islamic studies is very important for students. The skill of using Maktabah Syamilah is necessary because scientific works, including papers or research at Islamic universities, demand the use of original Arabic literature. Hence, proficiency in using this tool requires serious training and should be promoted by the …


Library Management With Fayol's 14 Principles: Practical Insights, Parbat Chhetri Sep 2021

Library Management With Fayol's 14 Principles: Practical Insights, Parbat Chhetri

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study explores the practical application of Henri Fayol's 14 Principles of Management in the context of library management. Amid the evolving landscape of libraries, these principles offer a potential framework for optimizing operations and enhancing services. Through a document analysis of web resources, the researcher thoroughly examines each principle's adaptability to libraries. The study's purpose is to discern how these principles can effectively guide decision-making, workflow, and staff engagement within diverse library settings. While the findings shed light on the positive impacts of principle integration, it's important to note that the application may vary due to library-specific nuances. This …


A Study And Analysis Of Manuscript Publications In The Open Access Journals, Subaveerapandiyan A, Supriya Pradhan, R Nandhakumar‌ Aug 2021

A Study And Analysis Of Manuscript Publications In The Open Access Journals, Subaveerapandiyan A, Supriya Pradhan, R Nandhakumar‌

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the research article publishing with special reference to preparing to publish and peer-reviewing. Peer reviewing is the process required for standardizing any publications. Manuscript writing is an art. Though it appears to be simple there is a lot of effort required. Peer-reviewing is the process that eliminates articles that do not meet the standard of the journals and the scope of the journals. The study investigated authors' views on manuscript submissions to the publishing process. There are 375 samples selected for this study who have experienced publishing journals listed in refereed journals. …


Librarian Behaviors, Students’ Personality And Academic Performance: A Case Of Public Libraries, Shahbaz Sharif Mr., Khurshed Iqbal Dr., Muhammad Asif Munir Mr., Kashif Saeed Dr., Sadaqat Ali Dr. Aug 2021

Librarian Behaviors, Students’ Personality And Academic Performance: A Case Of Public Libraries, Shahbaz Sharif Mr., Khurshed Iqbal Dr., Muhammad Asif Munir Mr., Kashif Saeed Dr., Sadaqat Ali Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

While technology has enabled academic libraries to go digital, it requires a librarian with great knowledge and real-world experience to perform the job well. To address this issue, a librarian equipped with skills for digitization and digitalization is key. Academic libraries have always used digitalization to encourage librarian behaviors. This research examines the effects of negative/positive librarian behavior patterns on student personality and academic performance immediately. The project is an endeavor to better understand how teachers' actions impact their students' performance and personality. The present study acknowledges the library education dynamics and the way that student performance and personality are …


Library Engagements: Looking Beyond Covid-19, Gautam Gogoi, Bhaigyashree Boro, Shaithingla R. Shimray Aug 2021

Library Engagements: Looking Beyond Covid-19, Gautam Gogoi, Bhaigyashree Boro, Shaithingla R. Shimray

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The role of the Library and Information professionals has been integral in promoting knowledge cultures throughout the centuries. Libraries have undergone a sea change and have been keeping pace with the networked and digital world. Libraries are the gateways to the information resources that engage the readers in different ways and capacities. A crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic shut the doors of the physical libraries but the opportunities and the doors for the digital libraries were opened like never before in history. LIS professionals all around the world have taken up the challenge of providing the information services to the …


Digital Media And Information Literacy: A Way To Paperless Society, Subaveerapandiyan A, Anuradha Maurya Aug 2021

Digital Media And Information Literacy: A Way To Paperless Society, Subaveerapandiyan A, Anuradha Maurya

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

ABSTRACT

Purpose - The study's main objective was to find out the possibility of a paperless library and society with particular reference to Top 60 Universities from QS world University ranking 2021 and their library professionals. ICT knowledge and skills of these LIS professionals and evaluated their digital literacy skills was another aim of this study.

Design/methodology/approach - The researchers used the survey method for this study using a structured questionnaire, distributed through the google form to library professionals of world-famous universities, ranked as top 60 in QS World University Ranking. 206 responses were received. The information collected from the …