Leisure Studies Commons^™

Montana Nonresident Visitation Trends: 2001-2011, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report displays the total number of individual nonresidents visiting Montana from 2001-2011. It also shows the total number of groups visiting Montana during the same time period.

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Trends: 2001-2011, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the nonresident traveler expenditure trends for visitors of Montana from 2001-2011. It also displays the total actual expenditures and the total inflation-adjusted expenditures.

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: 2011, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report examines spending profiles of nonresident travelers to Montana. It displays the average daily expenditures by purpose of trip for different spending categories during 2011.

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditures And Economic Contribution: 2011, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the economic contributions, expenditures, and average daily spending of nonresident visitors to Montana during 2011.

Violence In Youth Sport: Potential Preventative Measures And Solutions, Cheryl Danilewicz

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Youth sport events are part of a growing industry to which event venues are tailoring their policies, procedures, and designs. The competitive nature of the events and their participants have caused these venues to examine their existing policies and adjust them to increase security and safety measures for the athletes, coaches, spectators, game officials, and venue staff. Tempers at these events will flare, and in recent years violence is becoming increasingly more common. Parents and athletes have attacked each other, coaches, and game officials due to the intense nature of these events. The result of these acts could range from …

Motivational Clinic For Coaches In Division I, Ii, Iii College Sports, Christopher M. Sheldrick

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to create a motivational clinic for Division I coaches in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).

Statement of Objectives: By attending the motivational clinic for NCAA Division I coaches, attendees will learn effective motivational strategies from former successful collegiate athletes, successful college and professional sport coaches, and experts in sports psychology. By understanding and implementing the theories and strategies learned, coaches will be able to increase student-athlete performance at their institutions.

Justifications: It is important for coaches at all levels to understand athlete motivation. At the NCAA Division I level, the expectations for …

Fan Loyalty And Motivation, Jason Mays

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose Statement: The purpose of this professional paper is to review psychological and marketing theory and research to explain what motivates an individual to become a highly identified loyal fan of a sports team. Implications for professional practice and future research will be presented.

Justification: Understanding what motivates a fan to become a highly identified fan is important to a team manager because fans are the primary revenue source of a team. The fundamental goal of marketing managers is to create repeat customers (brand loyalty) (Fortunato, 2006) and loyal fans represent most repeat customers. An organization’s brand is critical in …

Community Gardening: Benefits Focused Strategies, Joseph Zaanan Tellschow

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Throughout history humans have had varying degrees of interaction with nature and natural environments. This interaction has shaped our species in almost every way possible from our physical traits to our behaviors and places we have chosen to occupy. Currently, humans have developed such overwhelming mastery of the planet that it is easy for many humans to feel disconnected from nature. This separation could have detrimental effects on various aspects of human well-being including physical and mental health. To understand these effects, it is important to evaluate the benefits that humans receive from exposure to nature and interaction with natural …

National Geographic Crown Of The Continent Geotourism Mapguide Usage Assessment, Christine Oschell, Norma P. Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report examined the uses of the Crown of the Continent MapGuide (both the printed and website versions) and how this tool has influenced those who use it. The Crown of the Continent MapGuide appears to be a tool that is influencing many visitors to the area. The findings of this study suggest that the Geotourism concept, as portrayed by the MapGuide, is a successful tool in visitor management.

Assessment Of The Usage Of The National Geographic Greater Yellowstone Mapguide , Christine Oschell, Norma P. Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report examines the uses of the Greater Yellowstone MapGuide (both the printed and website versions) and how this tool has influenced those who use it. The Greater Yellowstone MapGuide appears to be a tool that is influencing visitors to the area in many ways. The MapGuide appears to influence where they stay, where they drive, and the activities in which they participate. The findings of this study suggest that the Geotourism concept, as portrayed by the MapGuide, is a successful tool in visitor management.

A Re-Examination Of Montana's Economic Impact Estimates, Norma P. Nickerson, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

Adjustments to the estimates of the economic impact of tourism in Montana are discussed in this research note.

Surf Lifeguard Perceptions And Practice Of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Cpr), Kevin Moran, Jonathon Webber

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

While the importance of lifeguards in providing immediate and effective basic life support (BLS) in drowning has been well reported, not a lot is known about how lifeguards perceive the relative value of CPR as a lifeguard skill, their training in it, and the likelihood of resuscitation being successful. A self-complete questionnaire was completed by 252 volunteer surf lifeguards at 16 surf beaches in the Greater Auckland,NZ region. Results show that most lifeguards (65%) had received training in the 3 months before the survey, 83% were willing to perform CPR, few (9%) had used CPR in an emergency, and many …

Scotts Bluff National Monument, Plant Community Resource Brief, Isabel Ashton, Mike Prowatzke

United States National Park Service: Publications

2011 Monitoring Status

Overview

In 2011, the first year of vegetation monitoring by the Northern Great Plains Network Inventory and Monitoring staff at Scotts Bluff National Monument, efforts resulted in the documentation of 79 plant species. This was the lowest number of species among parks sampled in 2011. Graminoid (grass and grass-like plant) species accounted for only 21 (27%) of the total species, but graminoid cover was much higher than that of any other plant type. Forbs were much more diverse, but did not provide as much foliar cover.

The 5 most abundant native non-graminoids were winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata …

Plant Community Composition And Structure Monitoring Protocol For The Northern Great Plains I&M Network - Standard Operating Procedures, Version 1.01, Amy J. Symstad, Robert A. Gitzen, Cody L. Wienk, Michael R. Bynum, Daniel J. Swanson, Andy D. Thorstenson, Kara J. Paintner-Green

United States National Park Service: Publications

Introduction

The Northern Great Plains Inventory and Monitoring Network (NGPN) includes thirteen park units located in five northern Great Plains states across six ecoregions. Plant community composition and structure monitoring comprises the core of the vegetation monitoring effort for the NGPN, covering the “Riparian Lowland Plant Communities” and “Upland Plant Communities” vital signs (Gitzen et al. 2010). The narrative portion of the plant community protocol can be found in Symstad et al. 2012. The narrative includes the rationale for vegetation monitoring, an overview of sample design, field methods, data management, and program requirements. This document contains the standard operating procedures …

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditures And Economic Contribution: 2009, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the economic contributions, expenditures, and average daily spending of nonresident visitors to Montana during 2009.

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditures And Economic Contribution: 2008, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the economic contributions, expenditures, and average daily spending of nonresident visitors to Montana during 2008.

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditures And Economic Contribution: 2007, Kara Grau

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the economic contributions, expenditures, and average daily spending of nonresident visitors to Montana during 2007.

Visitor Comments About Montana: 2009-2010 Nonresident Survey , Jake Jorgenson, Norma Nickerson, Laura Lovo

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report provides all the comments written by nonresident visitors to Montana. The comments, categorized into eight themes, include positive comments; travel issues; negative comments; activities; public and private land use management; attractions; specific purpose, and; comments about living in Montana. The majority of comments were about positive experiences visitors had in Montana.

Anniversary Reflections, Anderson Young

Research in Outdoor Education

No abstract provided.

Editors' Introduction And Acknowledgements, Alan Ewert

Research in Outdoor Education

The article offers information related to papers that were published in the publication "Research in Outdoor Education" Volume 11, as well as acknowledging the efforts of all who contributed to the publication.

Front Matter, Coalition For Education In The Outdoors (Ceo)

Research in Outdoor Education

The Coalition for Education in the Outdoors is a non-profit network of outdoor and environmental education centers, nature centers, conservation and recreation organizations, outdoor education and experiential education associations, institutions of higher learning, public and private schools, fish and wildlife agencies, and businesses that share a mission the support and furtherance of outdoor education and its goals.

This article includes the Research Committee, Editors and Associate Editors for Volume 11 as well as the Table of Contents.

Understanding The Contribution Of Wilderness-Based Educational Experiences To The Creation Of An Environmental Ethic In Youth, Trever Waage, Karen Paisley, John Gookin

Research in Outdoor Education

The purpose of this exploratory study was to deepen our understanding of the ways in which a wilderness-based educational experience may serve as a significant life experience and how that experience may impact the development of an environmental ethic in youth. Students on 30-day courses from the National Outdoor Leadership School (NOLS) were asked to respond to the question, “Did your NOLS experience make an impact on your environmental ethics? If so, how?” The responses of 771 students indicated that a 30-day NOLS course did, in fact, positively influence both cognitive and emotional aspects of participants' environmental ethics and shared …

A Qualitative Exploration Of Sense Of Community Through Reflective Journals During Wilderness Outdoor Education Curricula, Garrett Hutson, Lynn Anderson, Mary Breunig, Tim O'Connell, Sharon Todd, Anderson Young

Research in Outdoor Education

There has been repeated encouragement in the literature for researchers to examine the various mechanisms that make up group experiences in outdoor education contexts. As a result, positive sense of community is often one of the implicit or explicit goals of programs and organizations that utilize outdoor settings to deliver educational and/or therapeutic programs. The purpose of this study was to understand how participants understand and experience sense of community formation during participation on outdoor education curricula (OEC) programs. Qualitative data, in the form of 124 participant trip journals, were analyzed and revealed two core themes illuminating sense of community …

The Role And Importance Of Program Quality In Outdoor Adventure Programs For Youth: Examining Program Quality Indicators As Predictors Of Outcome Achievement Among Nols Participants, Rachel Collins, Jim Sibthorp, John Gookin, Scott Schumann

Research in Outdoor Education

Youth outdoor and adventure programs are increasingly being expected to provide evidence that their programs are effective in achieving outcomes. While this is an important goal, participant outcomes are difficult to program for as they are influenced by many variables including the active role of the participant, the leader, the social and physical environments, and a myriad of contextual variables. However, program quality manifests at the point of service, and thus remains malleable by the program. Results of this study highlight the importance of program quality indicators on participant development and more specifically, which elements of program quality are most …

The Development And Validation Of The Leave No Trace Peak Assessment Scale (Pas), Jennifer Miller, Amy Shellman, Eddie Hill, Ron Ramsing, Ben Lawhon

Research in Outdoor Education

The Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics developed the Promoting Environmental Awareness in Kids (PEAK) program to teach children the seven Leave No Trace principles. The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool for Leave No Trace to assess the effectiveness of the PEAK program. Quantitative analyses of the data were used to determine the psychometric properties of the PEAK Assessment Scale (PAS) and children's knowledge of the Leave No Trace principles before and after participation in the PEAK program. Results supported the use of the PAS as a sound measurement tool for …

Enhancing Social Support Through Adventure Education: The Case Of Fathers And Sons, Curt Davidson, Alan Ewert

Research in Outdoor Education

Adventure education (AE) research often utilizes social support as an outcome variable associated with participation in extended outdoor adventure trips. Social support is defined as “the degree to which individuals have access to social resources, in the form of relationships, on which they can rely” (Johnson & Sarason, 1979). Using an adventure-based program offering a treatment specifically designed for father and son participants, significant changes in pre-post comparison scores on the variables of trust, communication, and social support were reported for both fathers and sons. Qualitative analysis revealed four major themes: communication enhancement, instructor influence, course components, and shared time. …

Sport, Media And The Gaelic Athletic Association: The Quest For The “Youth” Of Ireland, John Connolly, Paddy Dolan

Articles

Social developments and related dynamic relationships connected with the sports– media complex is a recurrent focus of sociological investigation. However, in explaining developments in the relationship between sports associations and media organizations the specific structure of power relations between them and other related organizations is often given primacy. We argue that this negates how changes in people’s social habitus – how people think feel and act – are interconnected with and critical to such explanations. Consequently, in this article we apply the theoretical frame of figurational sociology to demonstrate how the gradual development and expansion of specialist communications and media …

Ua12/12 Intramural & Recreational Sports, Wku Archives

WKU Archives Collection Inventories

Records created by and about Intramural & Recreational Sports.

Aborigines, Sport And Suicide, Colin Tatz

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

It is surprising that a nation so dedicated to sport has ignored its role in trying to alleviate youth suicide. Involvement in sport has shown to deflect, even deter, juvenile delinquency. Similarly, there is evidence (and reason) enough to show a strong connection between sport and suicide among the young. Sport is a major element in contemporary Aboriginal life: it provides meaning, a sense of purpose and belonging; it is inclusive and embracing in a world where most Aboriginal youth feel alienated, disempowered, rejected and excluded.

Measuring The Educational Impact Of Promoting Environmental Awareness In Kids (Peak): The Development And Implementation Of A New Scale, Jennifer Miller, Lindsey Brown, Eddie Hill, Amy Shellman, Ron Ramsing, Edwin Gómez

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

The Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics (LNT) is a nonprofit educational organization that teaches skills and values for recreating responsibly in the out-of-doors. LNT developed Promoting Environmental Awareness in Kids (PEAK), based on seven ethical principles. The PEAK program provides a pack that contains several interactive activities specifically designed to educate children about the outdoors and the responsible use of shared public lands. While the PEAK program has been in existence for a number of years, the program’s effectiveness has not been empirically tested. Moreover, there is limited data regarding responsible environmental attitudes and behavior in elementary school-aged …