Legal Studies Commons^™

Maritime Piracy And Armed Robbery Confrontations Across The Globe: Can Crew Action Shape The Outcomes?, Justin Stewart Lewis

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Abstract

The recent tightening of military budget constraints has called into question the feasibility of costly multilateral naval intervention used to combat maritime piracy off the eastern coast of Africa. Though past studies agree that the transformation of the Somali economy and government is crucial for a long-term solution to piracy in this part of the world, short to medium-run solutions are needed to bridge the gap. Such solutions should be fiscally sensible and serve as effective deterrents, as well as be applicable in addressing the problem of piracy and maritime armed robbery in other parts of the globe.

In …

Bite Marks On Skin And Clay: A Comparative Analysis, R K. Gorea, O. P. Jasuja, Abdulwahab Ali Abuderman, Abhinav Gorea

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Bite marks are always unique because teeth are distinctive. Bite marks are often observed at the crime scene in sexual and in physical assault cases on the skin of the victims and sometimes on edible leftovers in burglary cases. This piece of evidence is often ignored, but if properly harvested and investigated, bite marks may prove useful in apprehending and successfully prosecuting the criminals. Due to the importance of bite marks, we conducted a progressive randomised experimental study conducted on volunteers. A total of 188 bite marks on clay were studied. Based on these findings, 93.34% of the volunteers could …

Bystanders And Bullying: A Reflective Examination Of College Students' Experiences, Katherine Marie Larsen

Honors Theses

This study examines the individual responses of bystanders to bullying based on situational and personal variables. Using self-report data collected on 935 university students, these variables were used to determine if there was a relationship between the variables and the decision to intervene in a bullying situation for a friend. The results suggested that race, sexual orientation, and direct forms of bullying (physical and cyber bullying) have a relationship between an individual’s choice to intervene in a bullying situation for a friend. The findings failed to support the hypothesis that personal factors such as gender, socio-economic status, and a history …

Alcohol And Drug Use Amongst College Students In Relation To Sexual Abuse, Christyn Hollingsworth

Honors College Theses

The impact of child sexual abuse (CSA) and traumatic sexual experiences has been the subject of multiple studies in which harm was found. Among these harms are emotional distress, psychological issues, and substance abuse. This research analyzed and compared the responses to questions pertaining to substance use and attitudes regarding sexual interactions between college aged students with and without a history of sexual abuse. The participant’s answers were run through an ANOVA to determine statistical variance. Based on prior research, it was expected that victims consume alcohol and use drugs more frequently than non-victims in significant amounts. The findings in …

A Typology Of Homegrown Terrorists, Cynthia Estella Quintero

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Since the 9/11 attacks by Al Qaeda members against the United States, counterterrorism has become a top priority for policymakers and academic researchers. A critical aspect of this mandate is the prevention and intervention of future terrorist attacks by U.S.-based jihadist and Salafist extremists. This study aims to generate a typology of homegrown terrorists who have been prosecuted by the United States federal government for terrorism offenses within the United States since the 9/11 attacks. The current study uses a sample of 115 cases, involving 194 offenders.

Three clusters of offenders who share a set of demographic, social, and behavioral …

The Economic Espionage Act Of 1996: A 15 Year Review, Matthew T. Priebe

Masters Theses

It is estimated that the United States alone loses $300 billion annually to economic espionage. The purpose of the paper is to understand the occurrence and defining characteristics of economic espionage. This is accomplished through the series of proposed research questions related to the Economic Espionage Act of 1996. These questions include: occurrence rates, offender demographics, victim demographics, and victim-offender relationship. Archival data analysis of all 18 USC §1832 prosecutions from 1996-2011, will answer each proposed research question. The results will provide worldwide corporations with statistical support to help combat economic espionage. Specifically, descriptive statistics, such as mean, median, and …

Nunca Se Olvide Del Frío Del Mármol De Las Escaleras: Una Mirada A La Recuperación Del Ex Centro Clandestino De Detención Y Tortura De Virrey Cevallos / One Never Forgets The Cold Of The Marble Stairs: A Look At The Recuperation Of Ex Clandestine Center For Detention And Torture Of Virrey Cevallos, Jamie Gagliano

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

After the fall of a repressive government, there is often a discussion or an attempt to repair the damage done to society by the repressive regime. Argentina for the last thirty years has been facing this discussion. The last dictatorship, a totalitarian military dictatorship, in Argentina took place between 1976 and 1983. With the return of democracy at the end of 1983, the process of healing society began, albeit in a rather limited form due to fear of sparking the military into revolt once again. In the 1990s, the discussion was almost entirely swept under the rug by the Menem …

El Caso De Madygraf (Ex-Donnelley): Una Exploración De La Tensión Entre La Legalidad Y La Legitimidad De Las Empresas Recuperadas En Argentina / The Case Of Madygraf (Ex-Donnelley): An Exploration Of The Tension Between The Legality And The Legitimacy Of Recovered Businesses In Argentina, Maggie Joyce

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

In December 2001, Argentina declared the largest economic debt default in history. Following the default, Argentina’s economy spiraled into depression and a severe economic crisis plagued the country. Unemployment skyrocketed, dollar shortages continued, and many businesses closed under financial pressures. As private business and large corporations alike shut their doors indefinitely, oftentimes under the auspices of fraudulent bankruptcies, freshly unemployed workers across the country reclaimed their right to work by occupying their workplaces and eventually putting them back into production. These businesses now under worker control are part of the empresas recuperadas, or recovered businesses, phenomenon. The fight for existence …

Intimate Partner Violence: Domestic Violence Service Providers' Perceptions Of Male Victims, Bradon Allan Valgardson

Master's Theses

Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women has been recognized as a serious issue which requires attention. Over the past 40 years there has been an increase in sensitivity to female victims of intimate partner violence, but the same has not been true for male victims. This may be attributed to the substantial influence the feminist perspective has had upon the development of the IPV resource system. Furthermore, certain research indicates IPV resource centers may refuse to help or demean men who seek assistance as victims (Hines, Brown, & Dunning, 2007).

This research project surveyed domestic violence resource centers in an …

A Novel Method For Confirming The Presence Of Volatile Reduced Sulfide Compounds Via Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy, Krystal Lynne Parker

Master's Theses

Millions of dollars in destruction in the past decade have resulted from the use of Chinese drywall in homes. There are also potential health hazards related to this corrosive material. As such, it is important to find a way to identify Chinese drywall. Drywall can be tested for certain markers, such as strontium, sulfur, and carbonates to identify it as corrosive Chinese drywall. The laboratory preparation and analysis should be efficient and cost effective. The methods previously used, such as an X-ray fluorescence gun have had issues with getting a proper reading due to the layers of other materials found …

Federal Civil Rights Litigation Pursuant To 42 U.S.C. §1983 As A Correlate Of Police Misconduct, Philip M. Stinson, Steven L. Brewer Jr, Theresa M. Lanese, Mallorie A. Wilson

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Police officers acting in their official capacity are subject to being sued in federal court pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §1983 for violating constitutional rights under the color of law. Using data obtained in a larger study on police crime in the United States, names of more than 5,500 nonfederal sworn law enforcement officers who were arrested during the years 2005-2011 were checked against the civil case party master name index of the federal courts’ Public Access to Courts Electronic Records (PACER) system. Findings indicate that more than 20% of the police officers who were arrested for committing one or more …

Police Crime Arrests In The United States, 2011, Philip M. Stinson, Evin J. Carmack, Jacob M. Frankhouser, Mallorie A. Wilson

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Purpose – The purpose of the study is to provide empirical data on cases of police crime arrests during the year 2011. The study identifies and describes incidents in which nonfederal sworn law enforcement officers were arrested for one or more criminal offenses. Research Design & Method – The study is a quantitative content analysis of news articles identified through the Google News search engine using 48 automated Google Alerts queries. The unit of analysis in this study is criminal arrest case (not individual arrested officer). Intercoder Reliability – The Krippendorf’s alpha coefficient is strong (Krippendorf’s α = .9153) across …

Psychological Mechanisms Underlying Support For Juvenile Sex Offender Registry Laws: Prototypes, Moral Outrage, And Perceived Threat, Margaret C. Stevenson, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Jessica M. Salerno, Tisha R.A. Wiley, Bette L. Bottoms, Katlyn S. Farum

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

We investigated whether and how a juvenile’s history of experiencing sexual abuse affects public perceptions of juvenile sex offenders in a series of 5 studies. When asked about juvenile sex offenders in an abstract manner (Studies 1 and 2), the more participants (community members and undergraduates) believed that a history of being sexually abused as a child causes later sexually abusive behavior, the less likely they were to support sex offender registration for juveniles. Yet when participants considered specific sexual offenses, a juvenile’s history of sexual abuse was not considered to be a mitigating factor. This was true when participants …

Interactive, Holistic, And Experiential Criminal Justice Online Learning Environment, Karen Miner-Romanoff, Lewis Chongwony, Jonathan Mccombs

Learning Showcase 2014

The study is designed to test the effectiveness of specific experiential e-learning strategies for criminal justice students, this study seeks to determine how a comprehensive series of videos that includes a criminal trial and interviews of the judge, defense counsel, prosecution, investigators and court director discussing their roles enhanced course and learning outcomes. The second study purpose is to test the effectiveness of a comprehensive and interactive criminal justice computer model that allows the students to work within the multifaceted and complex system and explore descriptions, concepts, theories, relationships, and sequences in order to enhance learning outcomes regarding the system(s) …

Institute Of Criminal Justice Excellence: Providing Information Through Innovation And Dialogue, Karen Miner-Romanoff, Jonathan Mccombs, Norman Robinson

Learning Showcase 2014

The Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Corrections, Deputy Director for Re-Entry Programs and Dr. Karen Miner-Romanoff at Franklin University have partnered to create a one of a kind Institute of dialogue, information sharing, and non-partisan evidenced-based practice communication.

The Franklin University Coalition for Criminal Justice Excellence (CJE) is a partnership with the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Corrections and is a nonpartisan effort to join lawyers, legal scholars, social science experts, government officials, nonprofit leaders, judges, administrators, corrections and law enforcement professionals, stakeholders and practitioners in the form of roundtables, forums, events and speaker series to address the pragmatic issues …

Casa Of Franklin County, Megan Ellis, Maureen Conley

Learning Showcase 2014

Franklin County, children are appointed by the courts either a private attorney or a CASA volunteer GAL. CA abuse appointed SA volunteers complete an extensive screening and training process and are officially sworn officers of the court. CASA exists to serve the most at-risk and severe cases of child abuse and neglect in the community.

In 2014, over 3,000 children will enter the Franklin County Juvenile Courts System through no fault of their own as victims of abuse and neglect. CASA of Franklin County is on tract to serve over 805 of these; the most children CASA of Franklin County …

Burglars On Burglary: Tips From The Big House To Your House, Robert H. Meader

Learning Showcase 2014

The crime of Burglary affects all socioeconomic levels in every community. The experts who are best situated to educate the community on burglary are actual felonious burglars. To help the community prevent burglary before it occurs the Columbus Police Property Crimes Bureau—Burglary Unit joined with the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction to create an education video featuring career burglars in prison who provided prevention tips. In 2014, two Columbus Police Officers; one a seasoned Community Liaison Officer and the other a seasoned Burglary Detective, interviewed three burglars in two different Ohio Prisons; Chillicothe Correctional Institution and Marion Correctional Institution. …

An Examination Of Violation Behavior Among Participating Offenders Involved In The Grant-Funded Rural Reentry Initiative Of Ohio Within Six Months After Release From Prison, Douglas Patrick, Brian Martin

Learning Showcase 2014

Prisoner reentry services currently face multiple implementation challenges when providing parolees an access to resources in rural communities. As an extension of existing evaluation efforts on Ohio’s Second Chance Act Grant-funded Rural Recidivism Reduction Program (OR3), this project will investigate post-prison violation behavior among a sample of offenders under supervision in a rural setting. Specifically, the project will serve as an examination of violation behavior among participating offenders involved in the grant-funded rural reentry initiative of Ohio within six months after release from prison.

Utilizing quasi experimental methods to compare outcomes among grant-funded participants and an appropriately selected comparison group, …

Columbus City Attorney’S Office, William R. Martin

Learning Showcase 2014

From the non-stop pull of smart phones to overcommitted working parents, the average American worker is constantly plugged in and on the go. Such a cognitive overload can have dire consequences. These consequences include: memory and concentration problems; hostility and aggression; anxiety; and poor judgment (Smith, 2014). These effects of overload most certainly decrease the effectiveness of work productivity. To get the best out of their employees, restoring their wellbeing and re-engaging them at work should be of value to organizations across the country.

Being mindful can increase wellbeing and engagement in activities along with improving concentration. Mindfulness also decreases …

Madison County Indiana Sheriff’S Department, Kimberly Valentine

Learning Showcase 2014

The organization structure of the Madison County Sheriff’s Department implements both merit police officer and a civilian employee structure. This all fall under a military type of chain of command. The Patrol Division, Detective Division, and Court Division are all maintained by sworn police officers. The Jail Division is maintained by both civilian employees, and sworn merit police officers. There is also a Clerical Records Division that is maintained by civilian employees.

The agency’s relationship to other elements of the criminal justice system would be the first step in the system. First, the sheriff’s department investigates complaints, makes both misdemeanor …

Franklin County Adult Probation Department, Antoinette Leigh

Learning Showcase 2014

The Franklin County Adult Probation Department was created in 1945 and was located 401 South High St. in downtown Columbus. The first chief was Joseph H. Palmer and he grossed $4500 a year. The mission of the Franklin County Adult Probation Department is to assist in the protection of the community by safely and effectively supervising probationers and pre-trial reporters at the most appropriate level to affect habilitation and rehabilitation. This is a collaborative department that works together to ensure quality of services. Community Corrections Act of the state of Ohio (1979): In Ohio, community-based alternatives to prison were established …

Hilliard Police Department, Scott Hall

Learning Showcase 2014

Hilliard Police Department was originally formed in 1957 as a special police force which consisted of twenty volunteers. The city was growing, and with more people comes more potential for crime as well as more requested services.

“The employees of the Hilliard Division of Police are committed to serve the Hilliard Community and to enhance the quality of life by working cooperatively with the public to prevent crime, preserve peace, enforce the law with respect to the constitutional rights of all citizens, reduce fear and provide a safe community environment" (Lt. Plesich, Personal Communication, June 19, 2014).

Prostitution, Sex Work, Transmitted Disease And Regulation: A Global Analysis, Sam Romanoff

Learning Showcase 2014

Prostitution:

Prostitution, formally said to be “sex workers who receive money or goods in exchange for sexual services” is often called the world’s oldest profession. However, despite this statement, the world has yet to figure out the best way to regulate the act of prostitution. For years, different countries around the world have tried different ways of regulation. Some countries, such as Amsterdam have opted for making it legal in order to tax it and better regulate it. Other countries, such as America, have chosen to criminalize the act making it illegal throughout the country. Regardless of how each country …

The Juvenile Justice System, Corrections And Human Trafficking, Maureen Elizabeth Mcgill

Learning Showcase 2014

What happens to these young victims? A homeless or runaway juvenile is befriended by someone, then plied with drugs and/or alcohol. This is where the trafficker begins to exert control over the victim. The victims are given food and shelter. Sex is expected in return. At this point the trafficker has established trust with the victim, misguided as it may be. Then, Stockholm syndrome begins to set in. This is where victims protect the trafficker for fear of losing access to drugs, food, shelter or money. The victims also comply with their captors out of a sense of loyalty toward …

Juvenile Justice Education For At-Risk High School Youth, Karen Miner-Romanoff

Learning Showcase 2014

Research has shown that current legal policies of transfer of juveniles to adult court, harsh sentences, and intimidating educational programs do not 5 deter youthful crime. This study reports on a nonconfrontational pilot education program in the US juvenile justice system. In three urban high schools, an eight-week researcher-designed curriculum was delivered to three intervention classes totaling 125 at-risk students and three control classes totaling 100 at-risk students. Teachers in both groups administered 10 pretest and posttest surveys. Descriptive statistics showed substantial knowledge gains for the intervention group, from 14.2 to 35.7% in all subdomains, and −7.2 to 21.4% gains …

Reliability Of Eyewitness Reports To A Major Aviation Accident, Dave English, Michael Kuzel

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

There is a paucity of studies on the reliability of eyewitness reports to aviation crashes. We examine witness statements to a widely observed major airline accident to determine if reported accident investigator distrust of details in eyewitness reports is supported by empirical evidence. The extensive archival witness record (N > 300) of a wide-body airliner crash in clear daylight conditions is subjected to statistical analysis to test eyewitness reliability. Even with over 200 witnesses within a three square kilometre (1.6 square mile) area answering a binary observation question, the variance is sometimes high enough to preclude forming statistically significant conclusions …

7 Tips For An Efficient Faculty Bibliography: How To Tackle Faculty Bibliography Challenges With (Relative) Ease, Marcia L. Dority Baker, Stefanie S. Pearlman

Marvin and Virginia Schmid Law Library: Faculty Publications

There are many reasons to compile a faculty bibliography: recording faculty accomplishments, preserving information for future generations, and supporting your institution’s external affairs office, to name a few. Also, it is a potential publication for librarians at a tenure-granting institution. So, why did we decide to create a faculty bibliography? It was a combination of past inquiries from our patrons and the need to publish. Prior to this bibliography, no such compilation of our faculty’s work existed. Although our library hosts a display of current faculty scholarship at the start of each fall semester to promote recent faculty publications, we …

What Color Is The Number Seven? Category Mistakes Analysis And The "Legislative/Non-Legislative" Distinction, John Martinez

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

Essay: Philemon, Marbury, And The Passive-Aggressive Assertion Of Legal Authority, Paul J. Larkin Jr.

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

Eric Holder's Recent Curtailment Of Mandatory Minimum Sentencing, Its Implications, And Prospects For Effective Reform, Alan Dahl

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.