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2024

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Full-Text Articles in Geography

The New Geography Of Conflict, Michael T. Klare Nov 2024

The New Geography Of Conflict, Michael T. Klare

The Geographical Bulletin

During the Cold War, strategic planning focused on diverging ideological views between the United States and the Soviet blocs located in central and southeastern Europe and Northeast Asia. In the last decade these regions lost much strategic significance for the U.S. whereas other regions (e.g., Caspian Sea basin, the Gulf states, South China Sea) are receiving increased attention from Washington and other industrialized countries. A renewed concern of global resources, especially oil and natural gas, has created a new international, national and local geography of conflict. China and Russia have made their presence felt in key energy producing areas through …


Fossils On The Prairie: Abandoned Farmsteads In Southwestern Minnesota, Christopher R. Laingen Nov 2024

Fossils On The Prairie: Abandoned Farmsteads In Southwestern Minnesota, Christopher R. Laingen

The Geographical Bulletin

Between 1935 and 1992, the number of farms in the United States decreased from approximately seven million to fewer than two million. This change left a noticeable imprint on the landscape. Working farmsteads have been reduced to idle, desolate buildings, or in some cases there are no buildings left at all. To study this transformation, black and white air photographs from 1950 were compared with 1990 air photographs. Also, plat books and ground checks in four townships in Watonwan County in southwestern Minnesota helped document changes. Farmsteads were abandoned or demolished because people began to find they could not economically …


Projections And Perceptions-Editorial Comment: A Perspective On Military Geography, Eugene J. Palka Nov 2024

Projections And Perceptions-Editorial Comment: A Perspective On Military Geography, Eugene J. Palka

The Geographical Bulletin

During times of conflict military geography invariably surfaces as an important problem-solving subfield of geography. Since September 11, 2001, dozens of geographers employed by the Department of Defense have focused their attention on Central Asia in general and on Afghanistan in particular. Academic geographers have also been beckoned by the government, military, and media to apply their particular systematic or regional expertise to America's recent challenge. One cannot dispute the wartime relevance of the subfield, yet since the fall of the Berlin Wall, applications during peacetime and military operations other than war (MOOTW) have become more apparent (Palka and Galgano, …


Measuring Integrated Accessibility For Sustainable Mobility: A Fuzzy Set Approach Case Study, Behnam Tahmasbi, Poria Hajian, Farzaneh Tahmasbi, Qian He Nov 2024

Measuring Integrated Accessibility For Sustainable Mobility: A Fuzzy Set Approach Case Study, Behnam Tahmasbi, Poria Hajian, Farzaneh Tahmasbi, Qian He

School of Earth & Environment Departmental Research

Sustainable transportation is vital to climate justice and social equity. Despite the efforts to achieve sustainability, there is still a lack of adequate measurement that integrates land use and transportation systems, which can be barriers to planning implementation. With methodological improvements in fuzzy theory application, this study develops an integrated index to measure the sustainability of multimodal accessibility. We do so by defining a fuzziness degree based on the different trip purposes and modes of transportation with a case study in Isfahan, Iran. Sustainable accessibility indicators were developed for walking, biking, and public transportation to represent the performance of each …


Cover And Forewords, C. Nicholas Raphael Nov 2024

Cover And Forewords, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

Cover and Forewords


Volume 44-2 Complete Issue, C. Nicholas Raphael Nov 2024

Volume 44-2 Complete Issue, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 44-2 Complete Issue


News From The Chapters 2001-2002 Gtu, C. Nicholas Raphael Nov 2024

News From The Chapters 2001-2002 Gtu, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

News from the Chapters 2001-2002 GTU


Gamma Theta Announces 2001 Achievement Awards, C. Nicholas Raphael Nov 2024

Gamma Theta Announces 2001 Achievement Awards, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

Gamma Theta has announced the winners of the 2001 achievement awards at its meeting during the National Council of Geographical Education national meeting in Vancouver, B.C. (August). The 2001 scholarship recipients are: Kara Beth Gregoire, Eta Gamma Chapter, State University of New York at Genesco (Maxfield Undergraduate award). Richard Hunter, Delta Zeta Chapter, South Dakota State University (Richason Undergraduate award), Molly Schmelzle, Theta Mu Chapter Syracuse University (President's Undergraduate award), Susan Dunham, Eta Gamma Chapter, State University of New York at Genesco (Buzzard Undergraduate award) and Kristen Ansanka, Zeta Omega Chapter, University of North Carolina at Charlotte (Buzza rd Graduate …


Towards The Development Of A Gis Model For Planning And Administering Literacy Education Programs In Urban Areas, Jeffrey P. Richetto, William E. Couch Nov 2024

Towards The Development Of A Gis Model For Planning And Administering Literacy Education Programs In Urban Areas, Jeffrey P. Richetto, William E. Couch

The Geographical Bulletin

As the world continues to change ever higher demands are placed on individuals, households, and businesses; thus, the definition and need to be literate also continue to shift. Today, adults require greater levels of basic skills commensurate to function effectively in an increasingly visual and technological environment. Within the United States fewer than ten percent of the estimated 44 million adults who could potentially benefit from literacy programs are currently being served. Additional funding, improved coordination among service providers, and greater availability of support services including childtare, transportation, and accessible class meeting sites are important planning issues. Therefore, it becomes …


Geographer At Work: John A. Rusatsky Zoning Enforcement Officer, Leon Yacker Nov 2024

Geographer At Work: John A. Rusatsky Zoning Enforcement Officer, Leon Yacker

The Geographical Bulletin

ROUTE TO THE JOB: When John Rusatsky graduated from Southern Connecticut State University in 1979 with a B.S. degree in Geography he knew what he wanted to do in the future. He had chosen the specialization in planning offered by the department after overhearing a casual conversation by two other students about geography. He was dissatisfied with the major he had at the time and so he approached a faculty member in the department for further information. Before changing his major, his grades were poor and he had no particular interest in the future. Like many students he " discovered" …


Potential Urban Hazard Zones Of Shanghai, Prc, C. Nicholas Raphael, Jinan Li Nov 2024

Potential Urban Hazard Zones Of Shanghai, Prc, C. Nicholas Raphael, Jinan Li

The Geographical Bulletin

Land-use data derived from large scale aerial images were used to determine potential hazard zones of Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Using a GIS, nine cultural and physical parameters in onekilometer2 pixels are identified, classified and mapped. A coefficient of urban hazard is calculated per square kilometer within the city. Of the 10 administrative municipalities, Jinan and Luwang, in the central city, are determined as having high urban disaster potential. Natural hazards such as storm surges and subsidence in the delta complex have been recognized and addressed. However, in view of increasing urbanization, urban hazard is yet to be adequately …


Measuring Greenness: A Study Of The Southwest Texas State University Recycling Program, Rebecca S. Beard Nov 2024

Measuring Greenness: A Study Of The Southwest Texas State University Recycling Program, Rebecca S. Beard

The Geographical Bulletin

Successful recycling programs at colleges and universities require active student, faculty, and staff participation. Such programs often have to be funded by additional student fees, but increasing tuition rates leave students divided on their level of support for the program. Nevertheless, such debate increases environmental awareness and students' concern about university policy. A sample of 120 students at Southwest Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas were asked 15 questions regarding recycling . The survey revealed that students would support an increase in the number of recycling bins on campus, though they are in need of instruction on how and where- …


Projections And Perceptions-Editorial Comment Geography Education: The Road Ahead, Daniel P. Donaldson Nov 2024

Projections And Perceptions-Editorial Comment Geography Education: The Road Ahead, Daniel P. Donaldson

The Geographical Bulletin

More than a decade ago, Geography in America (Gaile and Willmontt, 1989) was released. Among the updates and discussions of geography's systematic subfields, was a chapter assessing the past, present, and future of geography education (Hill and LaPrairie, 1989). That work outlined the progression of geography's place of relative prominence in the early 1900s, to its virtual disappearance in American K-12 education. While the authors pointed to a plethora of challenges, they also noted that geography education was showing signs of new life. Indeed, geography has begun to show up in more and more school classrooms, and geographic literacy has …


Alice Rechlin Perkins Former President Of Gamma Theta Upsilon Dies, C. Nicholas Raphael Nov 2024

Alice Rechlin Perkins Former President Of Gamma Theta Upsilon Dies, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

Alice Rechlin Perkins, 70, a leading figure in geographic education who in 1994 became the first woman to hold the title of " Geographer" at the National Geographic Society (NGS) in Washington, died of cancer June 1,2002 at her home in Fairfax, Virginia. She had a distinguished career as professor at Valparaiso University and later as a cartographer with the NGS.


Pathways Of Participation: Community Engagement And Collaborative Adaptation In Disaster Contexts Across Diverse Environments, Ria Mukerji Nov 2024

Pathways Of Participation: Community Engagement And Collaborative Adaptation In Disaster Contexts Across Diverse Environments, Ria Mukerji

Geography ETDs

This paper broadens the concept of effective community participation in disaster risk reduction by analyzing three case studies that emphasize unconventional, locally driven approaches. Using a multi-case study method, I examine forms of participation that challenge traditional top-down models and focus on local knowledge and community agency. In Ohkay Owingeh, New Mexico, a co-designed environmental data dashboard with Pueblo members demonstrates how integrating Indigenous knowledge can enhance disaster preparedness. The Soldados Dam case in Ecuador shows how power imbalances drive community stakeholders to become protestors, emphasizing the need for adaptive engagement to prevent conflict. In Pajaro, California, a marginalized community’s …


Imagine Lagos : Mapping History, Place, And Politics In A Nineteenth-Century African City, Ademide Adelusi-Adeluyi Nov 2024

Imagine Lagos : Mapping History, Place, And Politics In A Nineteenth-Century African City, Ademide Adelusi-Adeluyi

Ohio University Press Open Access Books

Written from a digital humanities perspective, this book combines historical sources, maps, and a walking cartography to create new perspectives on the nineteenth-century history of Lagos, West Africa’s most populous city.

What traces do people leave in the places where they live, and even where they die? This book addresses the spatial history of nineteenth-century Lagos, rebuilding its past as a series of encounters: between men and women, between past and present, between enslaved and free, between living and dead, and finally between land and lagoon. In Imagine Lagos, Ademide Adelusi-Adeluyi argues that the invention, destruction, and reinvention of spatial …


Cover And Forewords, C. Nicholas Raphael Nov 2024

Cover And Forewords, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

Cover and Forewords


Volume 45-1 Complete Issue, C. Nicholas Raphael Nov 2024

Volume 45-1 Complete Issue, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 45-1 Complete Issue


A History Of Gamma Thetaupsilon International Geographical Honor Society, O. Orland Maxfield Nov 2024

A History Of Gamma Thetaupsilon International Geographical Honor Society, O. Orland Maxfield

The Geographical Bulletin

The 75th Anniversary of Gamma Theta Upsilon (GTU) is an auspicious time to chronicle the past, assess the present, and preview the future. The 50th Anniversary, celebrated in New Orleans in 1978, is commemorated in The Geographical Bulletin, (Vol. 16:1), by four papers: “Editor’s Comments,” James W. Gallagher (The Geographical Bulletin Editor and GTU Treasurer); “Fiftieth Anniversary Banquet,” address by Thomas Frank Barton (1929 initiate in Alpha Chapter, founder of Lambda and Tau Chapters); “1928–1978 Fifty Years of Service to Geography,” James Snaden (GTU Historian 1977–1982); “How Gamma Theta Upsilon Chanced to Originate” Robert Guy Buzzard (founder of GTU).


Cover And Forewords, C. Nicholas Raphael Nov 2024

Cover And Forewords, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

Cover and Forewords


Volume 45-2 Complete Issue, C. Nicholas Raphael Nov 2024

Volume 45-2 Complete Issue, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 45-2 Complete Issue


Human Impact On Ancient Environments. By Charles L. Redman, James D. Lowry, Jr Nov 2024

Human Impact On Ancient Environments. By Charles L. Redman, James D. Lowry, Jr

The Geographical Bulletin

Having just taught conservation of natural resources to a small group of students over the summer, and just gearing up to teach it again in the fall, current environmental problems were foremost in my mind as I picked up Human Impact on Ancient Environments. Although my research background includes the Mayan culture area of MesoAmerica (via an interdisciplinary mix of geographers, archaeologists, and others) and I discuss their maladaptive environmental strategies in class, I offer them only briefly as an example of population growth and its relationship to environmental damage. My focus is on the present. In Human Impact Redman …


The Coming Age Of Scarcity: Preventing Mass Death And Genocide In The Twenty First Century. By Michael N. Dobkowski And Isidor Wallimann (Eds.), James D. Lowry, Jr Nov 2024

The Coming Age Of Scarcity: Preventing Mass Death And Genocide In The Twenty First Century. By Michael N. Dobkowski And Isidor Wallimann (Eds.), James D. Lowry, Jr

The Geographical Bulletin

The Coming Age of Scarcity is a collection of essays examining the relationship between population growth and resource depletion and genocide (and the collapse of our civilization!). The authors immediately jump into a fatalistic doomsday scenario. The Foreword, by John K. Roth, has the essence of strong anticapitalism bias. For example, Roth states “the great transformation from agricultural to . . . industrial societies has always been on the back of peasants” (4), refers to Eastern Europe as “once a highly selfsufficient economic and political system” (13), and states “markets, if left to themselves, cannot factor in long-term scarcity” (14). …


News From The Chapters 2002–2003, C. Nicholas Raphael Nov 2024

News From The Chapters 2002–2003, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

News from the Chapters 2002–2003


Fieldwork Dilemmas: Anthropologists In Post Socialist States. By Hermine G. De Soto And Nora Dudwick (Eds.), James D. Lowry, Jr Nov 2024

Fieldwork Dilemmas: Anthropologists In Post Socialist States. By Hermine G. De Soto And Nora Dudwick (Eds.), James D. Lowry, Jr

The Geographical Bulletin

Fieldwork Dilemmas is a collection of essays from 10 anthropologists’ experiences in postsocialist eastern Europe. The primary focus is not to recount the results of their ethnographic research, but to detail the many problems and dangers they encountered in conducting the research in communities undergoing tremendous change in almost every facet of life. Research reports from Armenia, Macedonia, Serbia, eastern Germany, Kyrgystan, Siberia, Uzbekistan, and Bulgaria are included into three collections.


Blame Walt Rostow For Miss Som Rasmey’S Acid Bath, David J. Nemeth Nov 2024

Blame Walt Rostow For Miss Som Rasmey’S Acid Bath, David J. Nemeth

The Geographical Bulletin

In general, the legal rights of women in Asia are ignored. The paper provides anecdotal evidence of “young, beautiful” women in several Asian countries who have been the targets of acid attacks by angry men and women over personal issues. Battery acid is the weapon of choice. The acid attacks intentionally transform these women from “beautiful” to “ugly.” Most of the victims are alone and poor, and youth and beauty may be their only assets. The courts of law, however, blame the victims’ beauty and wile for initiating the circumstances that result in their suffering. The attackers generally go free. …


Race And American College Testing (Act) Scores In Illinois, Wendy Shaw, Bin Zhou Nov 2024

Race And American College Testing (Act) Scores In Illinois, Wendy Shaw, Bin Zhou

The Geographical Bulletin

This paper explores links between race and ethnicity, and performance on the American College Testing (ACT) within Illinois. This paper utilizes information about the performance of Illinois’ 85, 480 year 2000 graduating seniors who took the ACT assessment. The ACT scores reported by county are broken down into various racial and ethnic groupings, and a Geographic Information System was used to map and explore the spatial dimensions of the data. The results of the analysis indicate that performance on the ACT varies by the type of county involved, and is linked to family income rather than to race per se. …


Indonesia: A Geopolitical Study, Jasem M. Karam Nov 2024

Indonesia: A Geopolitical Study, Jasem M. Karam

The Geographical Bulletin

Indonesia is one of the southeast Asian countries that had faced an economic disaster in 1997. As a result of this and its political and ethnic problems, Indonesia’s political future became unstable. Problems had begun when East Timor, a Portuguese colony that fell under Indonesian control in 1975, demanded its independence. Following a long struggle that cost many human lives, the East Timorese succeeded in voting for independence with the help of the United Nations in August, 1999. In May, 2002 it became an independent state. The separation of East Timor provoked other provinces such as Aceh, Riau, Papua, Kalimantan, …


Multimedia Technology In The School Geography Classroom: A Case Study, Daniel P. Donaldson Nov 2024

Multimedia Technology In The School Geography Classroom: A Case Study, Daniel P. Donaldson

The Geographical Bulletin

Today, educators are being called on to cultivate a more geographically literate body of students. Just as computer technologies have found use in nearly all aspects of North American society, they are now looked upon as a tool which will enhance students’ geography learning. Through the use of multimedia software packages, it has been suggested that students will gain a more intricate collection of spatial understandings. This work draws on results of direct intervention in two sixth-grade classrooms in Cleveland, Ohio. It compares two methods of teaching and learning geographic concepts: one employing the use of multimedia and the other …


Afghanistan’S Cultural Diversity: A Reflection Of Its Turbulent Past, James B. Dalton, Jr Nov 2024

Afghanistan’S Cultural Diversity: A Reflection Of Its Turbulent Past, James B. Dalton, Jr

The Geographical Bulletin

This paper examines the historical geography of the distribution of people occupying Afghanistan and the surrounding the region. The analysis reveals a complex political pattern that defies the international boundaries displayed on most world maps. Further understanding is gained from this examination of human occupation patterns as it relates to people who have controlled the space now known as Afghanistan. The history of this region provides valuable insights into the present conditions and the current geopolitical reality of Afghanistan. The periods examined are pre-18th Century, 18th and 19th Centuries and concludes examining the early 20th Century with an analysis of …