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Articles 61 - 90 of 198
Full-Text Articles in Regional Economics
Methodological Challenges And Institutional Barriers In The Use Of Experimental Method For The Evaluation Of Business Incubators: Lessons From The Us, Eu And China, Junbo Yu, Peter Nijkamp
Methodological Challenges And Institutional Barriers In The Use Of Experimental Method For The Evaluation Of Business Incubators: Lessons From The Us, Eu And China, Junbo Yu, Peter Nijkamp
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Despite their worldwide adoption by policy makers as the Holy Grail for entrepreneurship and business development, the effectiveness of business incubation programs remain elusive, primarily plagued by untenable evaluation methods. This paper develops an in-depth analysis on those methodological and institutional factors that prohibit the use of theoretically sound solutions such as the Experimental Method in evaluation practice.
Is Income Inequality Endogenous In Regional Growth?, Yohannes G. Hailu, Mulugeta Kahsai, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Randall Jackson
Is Income Inequality Endogenous In Regional Growth?, Yohannes G. Hailu, Mulugeta Kahsai, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Randall Jackson
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This study focuses on testing the relationship between income inequality and growth within U.S. counties, and the channels through which such effects are observed. Based on a system of equations estimation, the empirical results confirm the hypotheses that income inequality has a growth dampening effect; income inequality is endogenous to regional growth and growth adjustment; and the channels through which income inequality determines growth are regional growth adjustments, such as migration and regional adjustment in job and income growth. Results have numerous policy implications to the extent that: (1) that income inequality is endogenous, its equilibrium level can be internally …
Sustainable Economic Development In Energy Rich Economies: A Regional Approach, Hodjat Ghadimi
Sustainable Economic Development In Energy Rich Economies: A Regional Approach, Hodjat Ghadimi
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
There is an extensive literature on or relating to development issues of energy rich economies – particularly those in the developing world. While national-level studies abound, the analyses of these economies at a regional scale or with a regional and spatial perspective are scarce. Generally, a bottom up regional approach to development and the value of insights that regional models and comparative regional studies provide have not received deserved attention in the field of development economics. Analyzing development sustainability in energy-based economies at a regional scale may provide insights not otherwise possible. National scale studies and models are mostly sectoral …
Deconcentration, Counter-Urbanization, Or Trend Reversal? The Population Distribution Of Switzerland, Revisited, Mulugeta Kahsai, Peter V. Schaeffer
Deconcentration, Counter-Urbanization, Or Trend Reversal? The Population Distribution Of Switzerland, Revisited, Mulugeta Kahsai, Peter V. Schaeffer
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This study analyzes trends in the population distribution of Switzerland, with focus on the period 1980-2000. It updates and extends an earlier study (Schaeffer, 1992a). The extensions include analyses of population distribution trends by region and citizenship. Results show that Switzerland experienced deconcentration in the 1970s at the cantonal level, and in the 1980s and 1990s at the district level. The results also show a trend of moving away from large densely populated districts to small, sparsely populated and medium sized districts. There was a strong suburbanization trend starting the 1950s and counter-urbanization during 1980-2000. The core urban areas experienced …
An Empirical Analysis Of The Link Between Entrepreneurship And Economic Growth In West Virginia, Maribel N. Mojica, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer
An Empirical Analysis Of The Link Between Entrepreneurship And Economic Growth In West Virginia, Maribel N. Mojica, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Entrepreneurship variables constructed from county-level proprietorship and firm birth data were included in an endogenous growth model to determine the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth in West Virginia. The empirical estimates using weighted least squares (WLS) and 2-stage least squares (2SLS) regressions generally show empirical evidence regarding the positive contribution of entrepreneurial activity to economic growth. Counties with more proprietors and business start ups exhibited higher growths in population and employment growth compared to less entrepreneurial counties. However, none of the entrepreneurship variables used in the study is statistically significant in determining per capita income growth.
A County-Level Assessment Of Entrepreneurship And Economic Growth In Appalachia Using Simultaneous Equations, Maribel N. Mojica, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer
A County-Level Assessment Of Entrepreneurship And Economic Growth In Appalachia Using Simultaneous Equations, Maribel N. Mojica, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This study provides evidence of the contribution of entrepreneurship to economic development in Appalachia. Using data on Appalachian counties, a system of simultaneous equations is empirically estimated to measure the effects of entrepreneurship on economic growth and development. We present an expanded Carlino-Mills growth model using changes in population, employment, and per capita income to represent growth. The goal of the investigation is to increase the understanding of entrepreneurship’s contributions to economic growth, and its potential as a development strategy for a region, such as Appalachia, that is characterized by poverty and underdevelopment. The results show that start-up businesses contribute …
Linking Tourism Resources And Local Economic Benefits: A Spatial Analysis In West Virginia, Jinyang Deng, David Dyre
Linking Tourism Resources And Local Economic Benefits: A Spatial Analysis In West Virginia, Jinyang Deng, David Dyre
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Tourism has been playing an increasingly important role in the economic development and promotion for the state of West Virginia. However, how tourism resources are spatially distributed across all the state’s 55 counties has not received much attention. This study could be among the first in West Virginia to create a tourism resource inventory database at the county level, and to spatially examine tourism resource distribution patterns across all counties, based on the tourism resource quantity measured by size, length, or number, as well as on the quality determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) through surveys of 191 visitors. …
Who Creates Waste? Different Perspectives On Waste Attribution In A Regional Economy, Christa D. Jensen, Stuart Mcintyre, Max Munday, Karen Turner
Who Creates Waste? Different Perspectives On Waste Attribution In A Regional Economy, Christa D. Jensen, Stuart Mcintyre, Max Munday, Karen Turner
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
We use a regional input output (IO) framework and data derived on waste generation by industry to examine regional accountability. In addition to estimating a series of industry waste-output coefficients, the paper considers a series of methods for waste attribution, and practical use for policymakers. The paper first considers perspectives on attribution of domestic waste generation using basic Type I and Type II industry multipliers, and also compares these with multipliers derived from a trade endogenised linear attribution system (TELAS) which permits a greater focus on private and public final consumption as the main exogenous driver of waste generation in …
Constructing A Baseline Input-Output Model With Environmental Accounts (Ioea), Taelim Choi, Randall Jackson, Nancey Green Leigh
Constructing A Baseline Input-Output Model With Environmental Accounts (Ioea), Taelim Choi, Randall Jackson, Nancey Green Leigh
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This paper reports our efforts to construct a baseline input-output model with environmental accounts for use in modeling geographically specific e-waste recycling systems. We address conceptual and practical issues that arise when recyclable end-of-life commodities and related activities are incorporated in the traditional input-output model including: 1) shortcomings of existing industry and commodity accounts that do not represent recycling activities and recyclable end-of-life products explicitly; 2) accounting challenges related to flows of end-of-life products observed mainly in physical volumes; and 3) valuing end-of-life products whose transactions prices vary widely. These three issues complicate the incorporation of end-of-life commodities within the …
Lung Cancer Mortality Is Elevated In Coal Mining Areas Of Appalachia, Michael Hendryx, Kathryn O'Donnell, Kimberly Horn
Lung Cancer Mortality Is Elevated In Coal Mining Areas Of Appalachia, Michael Hendryx, Kathryn O'Donnell, Kimberly Horn
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Previous research has documented increased lung cancer incidence and mortality in Appalachia. The current study tests whether residence in coal mining areas of Appalachia is a contributing factor. We conducted a national county-level analysis to identify contributions of smoking rates, socioeconomic variables, coal mining intensity and other variables to age-adjusted lung cancer mortality. Results demonstrate that lung cancer mortality for the years 2000-2004 is higher in areas of heavy Appalachian coal mining after adjustments for smoking, poverty, education, age, sex, race and other covariates. Higher mortality may be the result of exposure to environmental contaminates associated with the coal mining …
Valuing Community Attributes In Rural Counties In West Virginia: An Application Of Data Envelopment Analysis, Maribel N. Mojica, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer
Valuing Community Attributes In Rural Counties In West Virginia: An Application Of Data Envelopment Analysis, Maribel N. Mojica, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
The study used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to examine community attributes of rural counties in West Virginia using variables determining quality of life. This analysis was done to understand the value of the social and economic characteristics associated with different communities as migration patterns in the US are mostly attributed to community characteristics determining the residents’ valuation of the quality of life in an area. County level data was used to identify counties that are inefficient, measured in terms of socioeconomic factors. The data is composed of output variables representing desirable community attributes and input variables representing the undesirable characteristics. …
Modeling Regional Recycling And Remanufacturing Processes: From Micro To Macro, Joyce Cooper, Randall Jackson, Nancey Green Leigh
Modeling Regional Recycling And Remanufacturing Processes: From Micro To Macro, Joyce Cooper, Randall Jackson, Nancey Green Leigh
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This paper reports progress in modeling recycling and remanufacturing processes within metropolitan regional economies at the micro and macro levels. The paper presents interim results from a multi-year, inter-institutional research project funded by the National Science Foundation. We identify a number of issues that have arisen from an in-depth industry level analysis of obsolete and waste products generated in the Seattle, WA and Atlanta, GA metro regions from waste electronics (e-waste) and carpet production and consumption. The two metro regions were selected for comparative analysis because Seattle is a recognized leader in e-waste recycling and sustainable development programs, while Atlanta …
Recycling And Remanufacturing In Input-Output Models, Randall Jackson, Taelim Choi, Nancey Green Leigh
Recycling And Remanufacturing In Input-Output Models, Randall Jackson, Taelim Choi, Nancey Green Leigh
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Recycling and remanufacturing activities are gaining in importance, as a growing population and economy use up and wear out modern products, exhaust landfill capacity, threaten the environment, and discard potentially valuable and increasingly scarce resources. As an example, an estimated five billion pounds of carpet were sent to landfills in 2003 (CARE, 2003). Likewise, Americans discard computers, cell phones, LCDs and other electronic devices at an alarming rate. Estimates range from 100 to 250 million such items each year. As discard volumes rise and as resource scarcity becomes more critical, recycling, re-use, and remanufacturing have begun to take hold at …
Energy In A Resource-Based Regional Economy: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Analysis, Hodjat Ghadimi
Energy In A Resource-Based Regional Economy: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Analysis, Hodjat Ghadimi
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
States and even local governments are increasingly realizing the need for long-term sustainable energy-environment planning as an integral part of their economic development program. These sub-national units are progressively playing a more active role in advancing policies for the reliability, environmental sustainability, and exploring the economic development impact of their energy resources and supplies. This article outlines a modeling framework for an integrated analysis of the energy-environment-economy system in an energy resource-based region within a developed economy. The theoretical structure and mathematical skeletal of this dynamic optimal depletion computable general equilibrium model as the core of this modeling framework is …
Global Impact Of Energy Use In Middle East Oil Economies: A Modeling Framework For Analyzing Technology-Energy-Environment-Economy Chain, Hodjat Ghadimi
Global Impact Of Energy Use In Middle East Oil Economies: A Modeling Framework For Analyzing Technology-Energy-Environment-Economy Chain, Hodjat Ghadimi
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
To explore choices of improving energy efficiency in energy-rich countries of the Middle East, this study lays out an integrated modeling framework for analyzing the technology-energy-environment-economy chain for the case of an energy exporting country. This framework consists of an input output process-flow model (IOPM) and a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The former investigates the micro-level production processes and sectoral interdependencies to show how alternative technologies affect the energy intensity of the economy (Lin, Polenske 1998 and Polenske, McMichael 2002). The latter belongs to the optimal depletion category of CGE models that analyzes energy economy interaction; it is an …
Modeling And Estimation Issues In Spatial Simultaneous Equations Models, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam
Modeling And Estimation Issues In Spatial Simultaneous Equations Models, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Spatial dependence is one of the main problems in stochastic processes and can be caused by a variety of measurement problems that are associated with the arbitrary delineation of spatial units of observation (such as counties boundaries, census tracts), problems of spatial aggregation, and the presence of spatial externalities and spillover effects. The existence of spatial dependence would then mean that the observations contain less information than if there had been spatial independence. Consequently, hypothesis tests and the statistical properties for estimators in the standard econometric approach will not hold. Thus, in order to obtain approximately the same information as …
Farmland Preservation Programs In West Virginia: A Preliminary Inquiry Into The Merits Of Purchase Development Rights, Odd Stalebrink, Samuel E. Wilkinson
Farmland Preservation Programs In West Virginia: A Preliminary Inquiry Into The Merits Of Purchase Development Rights, Odd Stalebrink, Samuel E. Wilkinson
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
To prevent the loss of farmland in West Virginia, the Voluntary Farmland Protection Act (VFPA) was passed in 2000. This act gives counties and the State authority to develop and fund local farmland protection programs, which typically involve a voluntary sale by a landowner of the right to develop the farmland. Following the purchase, the purchaser (often a government or a land trust) would retire the property. Since the inception of the VFPA, 5,000 acres of farmland have been retired in West Virginia. The objective of the paper is to assess the merit of this legislation in terms of its …
Conditional Logit, Iia, And Alternatives For Estimating Models Of Interstate Migration, Christiadi, Brian Cushing
Conditional Logit, Iia, And Alternatives For Estimating Models Of Interstate Migration, Christiadi, Brian Cushing
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Many researchers have used the conditional logit model to examine migration. One common objection to this model is that it carries the independence from irrelevant alternatives (IIA) assumption, which may be too restrictive. This study compares the conditional logit with models that partially relax (nested logit) or fully relax (mixed logit) the IIA assumption. We will begin to learn whether assuming IIA holds poses serious estimation problems for migration modeling. Given the substantial computational cost of the more complex models, a finding that a well-specified, but computationally much simpler, conditional logit model may suffice would be useful.
Agricultural Land Development In The Northeast United States: A Spatial Simultaneous Growth Equilibrium Model, Yohannes G. Hailu, Cheryl Brown
Agricultural Land Development In The Northeast United States: A Spatial Simultaneous Growth Equilibrium Model, Yohannes G. Hailu, Cheryl Brown
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This study introduces a spatial simultaneous growth model to examine the impact of regional growth on agricultural land development. County level data on growth factors, land values, farmland density and a set of exogenous variables are used from 12 Northeast states. Results indicate that regional growth, accessibility, and growth in neighboring counties may negatively impact agricultural land density. Farmland protection policies did not have a significant impact in reducing agricultural land development. Based on these results, cross-county and cross-state land use policy coordination may provide better land management outcomes than a county-level focus that disregards growth and land development interdependences.
The Role Of Institutions Of Private Property Rights And Money In Entrepreneurial Discovery, Odd Stalebrink, John Sacco, Gerald Bushee
The Role Of Institutions Of Private Property Rights And Money In Entrepreneurial Discovery, Odd Stalebrink, John Sacco, Gerald Bushee
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This paper examines the influence of private property rights and monies on entrepreneurial discovery. A framework is presented and tested, which views these two institutions as key determinants of entrepreneurial discovery. Using several measures as proxies for their influence, two variables, minimum wage legislation and percentage government employment, support the idea that private property rights and monies are associated with entrepreneurial discovery as indicated by business starts, failures, patents and bankruptcy.
Modeling Small Business Growth, Migration Behavior, Local Public Services And Household Income In Appalachia: A Spatial Simultaneous Equations Approach, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam
Modeling Small Business Growth, Migration Behavior, Local Public Services And Household Income In Appalachia: A Spatial Simultaneous Equations Approach, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In this paper, a spatial simultaneous growth equilibrium model of small business growth, migration behavior, median household income and local public expenditures is developed. The model is empirically estimated by Generalized Spatial Three-Stage Least Squares estimator using count-level data from Appalachia for 1990-2000. The results suggest the existence of interdependence among the growth rates of small business, gross in-and out-migration, median household income and local public services in the form of feedback simultaneities, spatial autoregressive lag and spatial cross-regressive lag simultaneities. The findings also suggest the existence of conditional convergence with respect to endogenous variables of the model. The speeds …
An Empirical Analysis Of Employment, Migration, Local Public Services And Regional Income Growth In Appalachia, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer, Randall Jackson, Tim Phipps
An Empirical Analysis Of Employment, Migration, Local Public Services And Regional Income Growth In Appalachia, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer, Randall Jackson, Tim Phipps
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This study develops a five-equation simultaneous system in a partial lagadjustment growth-equilibrium framework. It improved previous models in the growthequilibrium tradition by explicitly modeling local government and regional income in the growth process. It also explicitly modeled gross in-migration and gross out-migration separately in order to spell out the differential effects. The results show the existence of feedback simultaneities among the endogenous variables of the model. This finding is important from economic policy perspective because it indicates that sector specific policies should be integrated and harmonized in order to achieve the desirable outcome. Under this circumstance, looking at the direct …
A Spatial Model Of Regional Variations In Business Growth In Appalachian States, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer, Tim Phipps, Randall Jackson
A Spatial Model Of Regional Variations In Business Growth In Appalachian States, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer, Tim Phipps, Randall Jackson
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In this study, a spatial growth equilibrium model of business growth is developed and empirically estimated by Generalized Spatial Two-Stage Least Squares (GS2SLS) estimator using cross-sectional data from Appalachian States counties for 1990-2000. Beside the existence of spatial spillover effects, the results suggest that agglomerative effects that arise from both the demand and the supply sides were active in contributing to business growth in the study area during the study period. The policy implications of these findings are: (1) Regional cooperation of counties and communities is advisable and may even in fact be necessary to design appropriate policies that encourage …
Issues In The Implementation Of Interregional Commodity By Industry Input-Output Models, Randall Jackson, Walter R. Schwarm
Issues In The Implementation Of Interregional Commodity By Industry Input-Output Models, Randall Jackson, Walter R. Schwarm
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
A number of procedures for generating interregional social accounting matrices have been developed recently (Canning and Wang 2005, Robinson and Liu 2006, Jackson et al. 2006, Lindall, Olson and Alward 2006). While each approach shares the fundamental structure of the resulting accounting framework, very little attention has been devoted to the use of these accounts in impacts assessment application. This paper presents the common framework for organization of the data, addresses a number of issues surrounding such applications and demonstrates the implications of adopting different assumptions.
A Spatial Panel Simultaneous-Equations Model Of Business Growth, Migration Behavior, Local Public Services And Household Income In Appalachia, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer, Tim Phipps, Randall Jackson
A Spatial Panel Simultaneous-Equations Model Of Business Growth, Migration Behavior, Local Public Services And Household Income In Appalachia, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer, Tim Phipps, Randall Jackson
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
In this paper we develop a spatial panel simultaneous-equations model of business growth, migration behavior, local public services and median household income in a partial lag-adjustment growth-equilibrium framework and utilizing a one-way error component model for the disturbances. This model is an extension of the “jobs follow people or people follow jobs” literature and it improved previous models in the growth-equilibrium tradition by: (1) explicitly modeling local government and regional income in the growth process; (2) explicitly modeling gross in-migration and gross out-migration separately in order to spell out the differential effects, which used to be glossed over under net …
Impacts Of Regional Growth On Farmland Development In The Northeast U.S., Yohannes G. Hailu, Cheryl Brown
Impacts Of Regional Growth On Farmland Development In The Northeast U.S., Yohannes G. Hailu, Cheryl Brown
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This study models the relationship between regional growth and agricultural land development in the Northeast United States. A system of simultaneous equations is estimated using three-stage-least squares on county-level data. Results indicate that regional growth puts upward pressure on agricultural land values and downward pressure on the stock of agricultural land. Farm performance and some farmland protection policies were not effective in limiting farmland development.
An Empirical Analysis Of County-Level Determinants Of Small Business Growth And Poverty In Appalachia: A Spatial Simultaneous-Equations Approach, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer
An Empirical Analysis Of County-Level Determinants Of Small Business Growth And Poverty In Appalachia: A Spatial Simultaneous-Equations Approach, Gebremeskel H. Gebremariam, Tesfa Gebremedhin, Peter V. Schaeffer
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
A spatial simultaneous-equations growth equilibrium model estimated by GS2SLS and GS3SLS estimators is used to determine the interdependence between small business growth and poverty. The parameter estimates are mostly consistent with the theoretical expectations. The coefficients for the endogenous variables of the model are positive and significant indicating strong interdependence (feedback simultaneity) between small business and median household income growth rates. The results also show the presence of spatial autoregressive lag simultaneity and spatial cross-regressive lag simultaneity, with respect to both small business and median household income growth rates, and the existence of spatial correlation in the error terms. In …
An Optimal Depletion Cge Model: A Systematic Framework For Energy-Economy Analysis In Resource-Based Economies, Hodjat Ghadimi
An Optimal Depletion Cge Model: A Systematic Framework For Energy-Economy Analysis In Resource-Based Economies, Hodjat Ghadimi
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
Numerical economic models of energy fall into two general categories: models analyzing within energy sector issues and models examining the interaction between the energy sector and the rest of the economy. The first category are mostly partial equilibrium models with a very detailed and disaggregated representation of the energy sector. Although very useful for sector planning purposes this class of models essentially neglect the interdependence of the energy sector and the rest of the economy. The second category, appropriately called energy-economy interaction models, are multisectoral and general equilibrium models focusing on the relationship between the energy sector and the rest …
Participatory Watershed Management For Sustainable Rural Livelihoods In India, Budumuru Yoganand, Tesfa Gebremedhin
Participatory Watershed Management For Sustainable Rural Livelihoods In India, Budumuru Yoganand, Tesfa Gebremedhin
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
International development goals moved beyond increasing food production to include poverty reduction and protecting the environment in a sustainable way. Degradation of natural resources due to exploitation coupled with population pressure in developing countries causing food insecurity and environmental degradation further. Participatory watershed management approach is proposed to address this problem effectively.
Examining And Evaluating Aggregation Scale Effects On Interregional Commodity By Industry Trade Flow Estimates, Walter R. Schwarm, Randall Jackson
Examining And Evaluating Aggregation Scale Effects On Interregional Commodity By Industry Trade Flow Estimates, Walter R. Schwarm, Randall Jackson
Regional Research Institute Working Papers
This study tests the implementation of interindustry transaction flows in a national system of economic regions derived from an interregional accounting framework and initial information on interregional shipments. The interregional flows connecting states are estimated using a method based on the Commodity Flow Survey data published by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, which adjusts the estimated interregional SAM to insure the integrity of intraregional and system-wide, national accounts. The resulting US interregional framework describes flows within and among the 51 regions We examine results of a series of trials testing the validity of the resulting interregional trade-flow data versus other …