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Articles 31 - 60 of 102
Full-Text Articles in Other Economics
Preventing (Panic) Bank Runs, Hubert János Kiss, Ismael Rodriguez-Lara, Alfonso Rosa-Garcia
Preventing (Panic) Bank Runs, Hubert János Kiss, Ismael Rodriguez-Lara, Alfonso Rosa-Garcia
ESI Publications
We study experimentally an instrument to prevent bank runs in healthy banks. In particular, we extend the basic bank-run game, where depositors choose between withdrawing or keeping their money deposited, with a third option, the possibility to relocate funds to a priority account that is less profitable, but which guarantees a payoff even in a bank run. Theoretically, the use of this instrument dominates withdrawals for depositors without liquidity needs, and given this fact, depositors should optimally keep their deposits in the bank, so no bank run shall happen. In our experiment, we find evidence that the mechanism reduces not …
The Unemployment-Crime Relationship In California: A Reexamination At The County-Level, Taylor M. Friedman
The Unemployment-Crime Relationship In California: A Reexamination At The County-Level, Taylor M. Friedman
Pennsylvania Economic Review
This study investigates the unemployment-crime relationship using a panel of the 58 counties in California from 2015-2019. A regression is estimated using a one-way random effects model to control for unobserved heterogeneity. The dependent variables are categorized into two groups: violent and property crimes. Independent variables are also placed into categories: state expenditures, socioeconomic, demographic, law enforcement, and county. The results indicate that for violent crimes, poverty, Black racial composition, young males aged 14-17, and college educational attainment for people aged 18-24 are positively significant contributors to the crime rate. Population density and college educational attainment for people aged 25+ …
Review Of Religion And The Rise Of Capitalism, Jared Rubin
Review Of Religion And The Rise Of Capitalism, Jared Rubin
ESI Publications
A review of Religion and the Rise of Capitalism by Benjamin M. Friedman
The Impact Of Rising Incomes On Green House Gas Emissions Versus Green House Gas Abatement, John Mccollough
The Impact Of Rising Incomes On Green House Gas Emissions Versus Green House Gas Abatement, John Mccollough
Pennsylvania Economic Review
One of the most significant environmental threats today is climate change. This paper examines the role that increasing gdp has on both greenhouse gas emissions as well as greenhouse gas abatement to determine which of the two will be impacted more by rising incomes. If higher gdp per capita has a more significant impact on greenhouse gas emissions than on greenhouse gas abatement, then as time goes on and as gdp per capita continues to rise in countries around the world, it will become more and more difficult to control greenhouse gas emissions.
Spatial Effects Of Broadband Infrastructure On China’S Regional Innovation, Guomin Li, Liang Ding, Sheng Chen, Tufan Tiglioglu
Spatial Effects Of Broadband Infrastructure On China’S Regional Innovation, Guomin Li, Liang Ding, Sheng Chen, Tufan Tiglioglu
Pennsylvania Economic Review
This paper empirically studies the impact of broadband infrastructure on regional innovation and the related spatial effects, using China's provincial data from 2006 to 2016. The findings show that China’s broadband infrastructure positively impacts regional innovation, indicating a significant spatial spillover effect among adjacent regions. The results of the panel SARAR model indicate that broadband infrastructure has a national wide space aggregation effect and further suggests that regionally, broadband infrastructure will significantly absorb innovation from the adjacent region and promote the spatial aggregation of innovation in economically developed areas.
Evaluating The Convergence Of Incomes In Pennsylvania, 1980-2018: Did The Incomes In Pennsylvania Converge?, Yaya Sissoko, Brian Sloboda, Rubens Da Silva
Evaluating The Convergence Of Incomes In Pennsylvania, 1980-2018: Did The Incomes In Pennsylvania Converge?, Yaya Sissoko, Brian Sloboda, Rubens Da Silva
Pennsylvania Economic Review
This paper analyzed the recent change in both per capita earnings from employment and per capita income (including that from transfers and non-earnings sources) by Pennsylvania’s counties between 1980 and 2018, inclusive. Then, we also divided the period into the following five time periods for additional analysis: 1980-1990, 1990-2000, 2000-2010, and 2010-2018. Absolute convergence seems to have occurred among the counties in Pennsylvania that may be attributed to the gradual heterogenization of the regional economies. This result may modify some of the conclusions drawn in the recent literature regarding the mechanisms that have generated convergence in their regions. We also …
Political Legitimacy In Historical Political Economy, Avner Greif, Jared Rubin
Political Legitimacy In Historical Political Economy, Avner Greif, Jared Rubin
ESI Working Papers
Political legitimacy has long been recognized in the social sciences as an integral component of governance. It encourages obedience without the threat of force, thus lowering governing costs and improving the efficacy of policies. This chapter begins by overviewing the extensive literature on political legitimacy, classifying studies by whether they are based on the beliefs (regarding the legitimacy of the authority) or effectiveness (good governance is legitimate governance). Among the studies focusing on beliefs, most take legitimacy as an exogenous element of political authority. We develop a conceptual framework to study how beliefs regarding political legitimacy form endogenously and impact …
300 Anniversary Of Smith’ Birth, Vernon L. Smith
300 Anniversary Of Smith’ Birth, Vernon L. Smith
ESI Working Papers
Thousand-word brief on key quotes from Adam Smith’s two books (TMS, WN) modelling Society and Economy.
The Modern-Day Effect Of Holc Redlining On Neighborhood Development, Liubov Ivashov
The Modern-Day Effect Of Holc Redlining On Neighborhood Development, Liubov Ivashov
Master's Theses
Racial segregation, which happened more than one hundred years ago in the U.S., is a fundamental cause of economic inequality for people living in historically segregated neighborhoods today. Redlining was one form of federal policy that forced to separate communities by race even more after the Great Depression. The Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps are widely used in economic research papers as one of the most comprehensive sources of data available to measure the effect of residential segregation. In this paper, using the Historical Redline Score (HRS) method, the author measured the association between modern-day population distribution, rent prices, …
Degrowth And Catholic Social Thought: Rethinking Socio-Economics For A Planet In Crisis, Chad G. Baron
Degrowth And Catholic Social Thought: Rethinking Socio-Economics For A Planet In Crisis, Chad G. Baron
Master's Theses
It is assumed within both degrowth literature and the social teaching of the Roman Catholic Church (CST) that socio-economic transitions and transformations are needed due to the failings of the dominant capitalist paradigm. Both bodies of thought engage with issues of socio-economic transitions by considering what constitutes globally just development, and by outlining key principles they espouse to be foundational to global justice. By highlighting these principles, and locating the affinities between the two, these theories of socio-economic development can benefit from engaging with the other’s promoted framework. What could follow is a more coherent and holistic approach to development, …
How Do Reward Versus Penalty Framed Incentives Affect Diagnostic Performance In Auditing?, Bright (Yue) Hong, Timothy W. Shields
How Do Reward Versus Penalty Framed Incentives Affect Diagnostic Performance In Auditing?, Bright (Yue) Hong, Timothy W. Shields
ESI Working Papers
Prior research examines how rewards versus economically equivalent penalties affect effort. However, accountants perform various diagnostic analyses that involve more than exerting effort. For example, auditors often need to identify whether a material misstatement is the underlying cause of a phenomenon among the possible causes. Testing helps identify the cause, but testing is costly. When participants are incentivized to test accurately (rather than test more) and objectively (unbiased between testing and not testing), we find that framing the incentives as rewards versus equivalent penalties increases testing by lowering the subjective testing criterion and by increasing the assessed risk of material …
Motives For Cooperation In The One-Shot Prisoner’S Dilemma, Mark Schneider, Timothy W. Shields
Motives For Cooperation In The One-Shot Prisoner’S Dilemma, Mark Schneider, Timothy W. Shields
ESI Working Papers
We investigate the motives for cooperation in the one-shot Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD). A prior study finds that cooperation rates in one-shot PD games can be ranked empirically by the social surplus from cooperation. That study employs symmetric payoffs from cooperation in simultaneous PD games. Hence, in that setting, it is not possible to discern the motives for cooperation since three prominent social welfare criteria, social surplus (efficiency) preferences, Rawlsian maximin preferences, and inequity aversion make the same predictions. In the present paper, we conduct an experiment to identify which of these social preferences best explains differences in cooperation rates and …
The Coronavirus Pandemic And Participation In The Influencer Economy, Emma Grace Richbourg
The Coronavirus Pandemic And Participation In The Influencer Economy, Emma Grace Richbourg
Honors Theses
The 2019 coronavirus pandemic, also referred to as the COVID-19 pandemic, altered day-to-day life and has effected the economy quite notably. The aim of this paper is to determine to what extent the COVID-19 pandemic altered consumer behavior and whether these alterations encouraged participation in the influencer economy, which represents social media influencers who create and monetize online content. In order to do so, I administered a survey to 250 respondents to evaluate the reach of influencers during the pandemic and whether social media users felt the presence of influencers was an effective marketing technique. I also conducted an analysis …
On The Generalizability Of Using Mobile Devices To Conduct Economic Experiments, Yiting Guo, Jason Shachat, Matthew J. Walker, Lijia Wei
On The Generalizability Of Using Mobile Devices To Conduct Economic Experiments, Yiting Guo, Jason Shachat, Matthew J. Walker, Lijia Wei
ESI Working Papers
Recent technological advances enable the implementation of online, field and hybrid experiments using mobile devices. Mobile devices enable sampling of incentivized decisions in more representative samples, consequently increasing the generalizability of results. Generalizability might be compromised, however, if the device is a relevant behavioural confound. This paper reports on a battery of common economic games and decision-making tasks in which we systematically randomize the decision-making device (computer versus mobile phone) and the laboratory setup (physical versus online). The results offer broad support for conducting decision experiments using mobile devices. For six out of eight tasks, we find robust null results …
Property, Bas Van Der Vossen
Property, Bas Van Der Vossen
Philosophy Faculty Books and Book Chapters
"This chapter discusses the nature and value of property rights. It will explain (1) what property rights are, (2) the relationship between private property and economic development, and (3) some objections to structuring societies around such rights. This discussion throughout focuses on the decentralizing nature of private property rights, asking what implications it has from a philosophical, but also social and political, point of view."
Strengthening The Southern Nevada Workforce Pipeline, Katie M. Gilbertson
Strengthening The Southern Nevada Workforce Pipeline, Katie M. Gilbertson
Student Research
Workforce development has been a keystone in the discussion of economic diversification of Las Vegas for decades. The leisure and hospitality industry is the lifeline for the Southern Nevada economy due to the reliance on tourism as the city’s main economic driver. The leisure and hospitality industry requires physical labor and more face-to-face customer interaction than other employment sectors. Thus, these jobs often do not require high educational attainment, but rather sharp soft skills like effective listening, nonverbal communication, and negotiation strategies. While these are valuable traits, the lack of educational attainment within the leisure and hospitality workforce suppresses employees’ …
Panel Data Analysis Of Import Tariff Policy On Economic Growth And Industrial Output In Developing Economies, Connor A. Palazzo
Panel Data Analysis Of Import Tariff Policy On Economic Growth And Industrial Output In Developing Economies, Connor A. Palazzo
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper is focused on interpreting the effects of import tariff policy on domestic economic growth in the small market economies of developing nations. There have been several previous studies that have investigated the effect of tariff policy on domestic consumers and producers of already established economies. In addition, there have also been many studies assessing the effects tariffs from developed countries have on developing countries. However, few reports have been done on how tariffs impact the domestic producers of a developing nation. It is widely accepted that open and free trade is the best method for facilitating growth and …
What Are The Economic Barriers For A More Efficient Adoption Equilibrium? Analyzing The Perceived Challenges Lgbtq+ Persons Face In The Adoption Process, Andrew Schoonover
What Are The Economic Barriers For A More Efficient Adoption Equilibrium? Analyzing The Perceived Challenges Lgbtq+ Persons Face In The Adoption Process, Andrew Schoonover
Economics Undergraduate Honors Theses
From understanding why adoption matters to drilling down why same sex male couples are not adopting at high rates, more questions are raised than answers found. But all of the complexities and intricacies boil down to one umbrella question: How can the economy shift the equilibrium (i.e., current state of adoption in America) to be more equitable, empowering, and efficient for everyone? Specifically, how can policy choices help increase the demand of gay couples to adopt -- helping to close the gap between gay and lesbian adoption rates? The “lowest hanging fruit” policy remedy for this problem is to alleviate …
Essays On The Economics Of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations, Aspen Underwood
Essays On The Economics Of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations, Aspen Underwood
All Dissertations
Electric vehicles (EVs) have peaked people’s interest since the first electric-powered vehicle was developed in the 1830’s. By the 1890’s EVs were the most common vehicle in the U.S. However, due to issues with charging batteries and limitations of the electrical grid, EVs were left behind as gasoline vehicles became commonly available in the early 20th century. Several attempts to repopularize EVs over the last 100 years suffered from difficulties with limited driving ranges, but today, expanded driving ranges and improved charging capabilities have made EVs a real alternative to gasoline engines. The possibility of zero-emission transportation made possible by …
Mississippi Crime And Corrections: The Effects Of House Bill 585 On Crime And Incarceration Rates, Madisyn Flammia
Mississippi Crime And Corrections: The Effects Of House Bill 585 On Crime And Incarceration Rates, Madisyn Flammia
Honors Theses
The state of Mississippi’s historically high incarceration rate peaked in the year 2013, when it was the second highest nationwide. To combat this problem, House Bill 585 was passed into law in 2014. The law consisted of multiple reforms, which were part of an effort to toughen sentencing for violent offenders and reduce severity of punishment for non-violent criminals, with the aim of reducing incarceration and refocusing prison space for violent crimes. I employed difference in differences and synthetic control methododologies to examine the effects of House Bill 585 on crime and imprisonment rates. My results revealed that House Bill …
Salary Cap Efficiency: A Study Of The Relationship Between A Nfl Quarterback’S Salary And Their Team’S Performance, Prasad Gosavi
Salary Cap Efficiency: A Study Of The Relationship Between A Nfl Quarterback’S Salary And Their Team’S Performance, Prasad Gosavi
Honors Scholar Theses
For years, sports economists have attempted to understand the impact of salary caps in sports leagues, as they can have an impact on a team’s favored personnel approach. In the National Football League (NFL), one of the more important positions is the team’s quarterback, who has the ability to command large contracts. This paper examines the work of past researchers, and attempts to add to the literature by analyzing data from the past ten NFL seasons. I find inconclusive results relating to the relationship between a NFL team’s winning percentage and the amount of salary cap space allocated for their …
Investing In Democratic Countries: An Investigation Of Democracy And Fdi, Maxwell Lajeunesse
Investing In Democratic Countries: An Investigation Of Democracy And Fdi, Maxwell Lajeunesse
Honors Projects in Economics
In this paper, the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows and democracy levels of upper-middle income nations using three different measures of democracy is investigated. An empirical analysis across the years 2010 through 2018 was conducted, using the democracy indicators and data from the United States Agency for International AID (USAID). These democracy indicators are the EIU Democracy Index, Polity5, and IDEA Global State of Democracy Indices. The importance of this research revolves around the benefits of FDI inflows and how countries may capitalize on these benefits. Additionally, FDI has increased rapidly in the past 20 years and democracy …
The Effect Of Minimum Wage Increases On Employment Of Teenagers In New England, Felicia O’Reilly
The Effect Of Minimum Wage Increases On Employment Of Teenagers In New England, Felicia O’Reilly
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper examines the relationship between increasing minimum wage and the number of hours that teenagers ages 15-19 work in New England states during the years 2002- 2019. In these years, all New England states have had various minimum wage rates, this paper will use feasible general least squares state-level panel data analysis to see if there is a positive or negative impact on teenage employment due to increases in minimum wage. Data was collected from the Current Population Survey, the American Community Survey, and state census data, and used with an equation derived by Zavodny (2000). State-level panel data …
A Panel Data Analysis Of The Effects Of Macroeconomic Variables On Income Inequality In Latin American Countries, Scott Poretsky
A Panel Data Analysis Of The Effects Of Macroeconomic Variables On Income Inequality In Latin American Countries, Scott Poretsky
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper investigates the relationship between inflation, trade, unemployment, education, and economic growth on income inequality in the South American OECD countries (Chile, Costa Rica, Colombia, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, and Peru). While Argentina, Brazil, and Peru are not official OECD countries, they have a working relationship with OECD and have taken the first steps toward initiation in OECD. The variable that represents income inequality is the Gini Index World Bank estimator, and the variable that represents economic growth is GDP. This paper uses a panel data set from 2006 to 2020. The results of this study show that trade percentage, …
International Integration And Export-Led Growth In Latin America: A Panel Data Analysis, James Titus
International Integration And Export-Led Growth In Latin America: A Panel Data Analysis, James Titus
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper investigates the potential determinants for international integration and effects of export-led growth in Latin American countries to determine the most effective measure of growth in the countries. The study incorporates information asymmetry into a GDP per capita growth model to examine the influence of openness, human capital, export diversity, and more. While examining data from World Bank development indicators, it has been shown that there are at least nine different variables that provide relevant data to create a functional model. The results show that there are many applicable determinants that can be used in the model without over-correlation. …
Effectiveness Of Aid: Panel Data Analysis Of Foreign Aid In Africa, Will Bittrich
Effectiveness Of Aid: Panel Data Analysis Of Foreign Aid In Africa, Will Bittrich
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper investigates the effectiveness of international foreign aid flows into the continent of Africa. The study incorporates economic information into an econometric model to examine the influence of variables including natural resources, types of government, corruption, and education. The influence of gender equality and rule of law in relation to developed countries is factored in through a dependent variable. These findings provide an analysis on the efficiency of foreign aid and its effects on economic development in the region.
A Panel Data Analysis On Income Inequality On Life Expectancy In Asia, Julianna Flaccavento
A Panel Data Analysis On Income Inequality On Life Expectancy In Asia, Julianna Flaccavento
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper aims to investigate the possibility of interdependence between income and life expectancy in countries across Asia. The study looks at the difference of life expectancies for men, women, and the two genders combined. We also looked at how health could have an impact on the model. We ran a fixed and random effect model on our panel data. We then ran the fixed and random effect model on the countries separated by income levels which we separated into low, middle, and high. The results show that the fixed effect was significant in Asia on both males and females …
The School-To-Prison Pipeline: A Panel Data Analysis, Samuel Guider
The School-To-Prison Pipeline: A Panel Data Analysis, Samuel Guider
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
The objective of this paper is to analyze the potential affect public-school funding has on juvenile incarceration rates in the United States using a panel series data set from 2000 until 2020. The United States has the highest per capita incarceration rates among 114 other members of the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), with 639 individuals for every 100,000 are incarcerated in the United States. This papers aims to use explanatory variables like race (black and white), sex, age, arrests, educational attainment, and rates of school attendance to further help in answering if an increase in public spending …
The Empirical Analysis Of Motherhood Penalty: The Effect Of Having Children On Women’S Career, Madison Henry
The Empirical Analysis Of Motherhood Penalty: The Effect Of Having Children On Women’S Career, Madison Henry
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
This paper investigates the motherhood penalty as well as the fatherhood bonus. The Motherhood penalty is a phenomenon by which women’s pay decreases once they become mothers. The fatherhood bonus refers to the advantages that working fathers get in terms of pay and perceived competence in comparison with working mothers and childless men. This study incorporates information on the effect a child has on a mother’s income verse that of a father’s, while also measuring how a woman’s income is affected after having a child comparatively to that of a childless woman’s. The results show that the income of Mother’s …
An Empirical Analysis On Disparities In Access To Healthcare In New York City, Olivia Lemire
An Empirical Analysis On Disparities In Access To Healthcare In New York City, Olivia Lemire
Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal
Healthcare access varies across demographics. Access to healthcare is a strong determinant of health of individuals in New York City. There are a wide range of disparities in health care access for People of Color. Determinants of insurance include race, sex, education status, marital status, whether an individual has children. White individuals, specifically White females have the highest rate of insurance, while Latinx males have the lowest rate of insurance.