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Articles 241 - 270 of 281
Full-Text Articles in International Economics
Challenges For Business Services In European Economic Growth, Henk Lm Kox
Challenges For Business Services In European Economic Growth, Henk Lm Kox
Henk LM Kox
#1; Stylised facts on growth of EU business services #1; Problem: dynamic, but weak productivity growth #1; Direct and indirect growth contributions #1; Challenges and opportunities
Market Place Europe - 50 Years Of Market Integration In The European Union (European Outlook), Albert Van Der Horst, Henk Kox, Arjan Lejour, Bas Straathof
Market Place Europe - 50 Years Of Market Integration In The European Union (European Outlook), Albert Van Der Horst, Henk Kox, Arjan Lejour, Bas Straathof
Henk LM Kox
Vessel Decommissioning In Danish Fisheries, Erik Lindebo, Niels Vestergaard
Vessel Decommissioning In Danish Fisheries, Erik Lindebo, Niels Vestergaard
Niels Vestergaard
The fishing capacity issue has lately received considerable global attention. The application of an embracing structural policy in the European Union (EU) during the 1980s and 90s has indicated the desire of fisheries managers and administrators to rebalance the level of capacity of fishing fleets with resource availability. A previous study is drawn upon to shed light on the impact of vessel decommissioning on the Danish fleet during 1987-93. The Danish administration has since continued to structurally adjust the national fishing fleet under the guidance of the EU structural policy framework. The official capacity figures corresponding to EU multiannual guidance …
Environmental Effects Of Intensification Of Agriculture: Livestock Production And Regulation, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Donna K. Fisher, Chieko Umetsu
Environmental Effects Of Intensification Of Agriculture: Livestock Production And Regulation, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Donna K. Fisher, Chieko Umetsu
Ujjayant Chakravorty
This article deals with the relationship between industrialization of agriculture and the environment in developing countries. We specifically focus on livestock production and regulation. We develop a simple economic framework to demonstrate the effect of location on intensification of industrial activity in farming, and discuss this issue in the context of urbanization and economic growth in developing countries. Policy implications of the model are discussed in light of the experience of developed countries in regulating livestock pollution and other externalities. We argue that environmental problems from agricultural industrialization in developing countries may pose major challenges. In the case of livestock …
Revenue-Based Capacity Utilisation Measures And Decomposition: The Case Of Danish North Sea Trawlers, Erik Lindebo, Ayoe Hoff, Niels Vestergaard
Revenue-Based Capacity Utilisation Measures And Decomposition: The Case Of Danish North Sea Trawlers, Erik Lindebo, Ayoe Hoff, Niels Vestergaard
Niels Vestergaard
In fisheries, capacity analysis has largely been limited to measuring physical capacity, defined as the maximum amount of output that can be produced per unit of time, given existing plant and equipment and unrestricted availability of variable inputs. An economic measure of capacity can be defined as the maximum revenue attainable for the given fixed inputs, using relevant outputs and output prices. This paper examines these two approaches to capacity by applying data envelopment analysis to physical and economic input/output data for Danish North Sea trawlers. The economic and physical measures are compared and contrasted using correlation analysis. An innovative …
Asymmetric Information And Uncertainty: The Usefulness Of Logbooks As A Regulation Measure, Niels Vestergaard, Frank Jensen
Asymmetric Information And Uncertainty: The Usefulness Of Logbooks As A Regulation Measure, Niels Vestergaard, Frank Jensen
Niels Vestergaard
In many fisheries managed by quota systems fishermen are required to keep a logbook containing information about catches. No well functioning enforcement system is set up in connection with the logbooks, since the purpose is to assist biologists in making stock assessments. In this paper we consider a case where three market failures (a stock externality problem, a stock uncertainty problem and problems with measuring individual catches) arise simultaneously. It is shown that a stock tax and a tax on voluntary self- reported catches may solve these three problems. By taxing voluntary self-reported catches wemake use of logbook information. It …
Domestic Regulation And Trade In Professional Services, Henk Lm Kox, Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås
Domestic Regulation And Trade In Professional Services, Henk Lm Kox, Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås
Henk LM Kox
The Dynamic Effects Of European Services Liberalisation, Henk Lm Kox
The Dynamic Effects Of European Services Liberalisation, Henk Lm Kox
Henk LM Kox
#1; A single European market for services? #1; Estimated static effects of liberalisation #1; Dynamic effects of services liberalisation #1; Conclusions and possible policy implications
Urban Resurgence And The Consumer City, Joshua D. Gottlieb, Edward L. Glaeser
Urban Resurgence And The Consumer City, Joshua D. Gottlieb, Edward L. Glaeser
Joshua D. Gottlieb
Economic Impacts Of The 2004 Services Directive, Henk Lm Kox
Economic Impacts Of The 2004 Services Directive, Henk Lm Kox
Henk LM Kox
#1; About CPB #1; Our research on Services Directive #1; Policy differences as market-entry barrier #1; Effects of Services Directive on trade and FDI #1; Macroeconomic effects #1; Role country-of-origin principle #1; The way ahead
The Iraq War: The Economic Costs, Katrina Kosec, Scott Wallsten
The Iraq War: The Economic Costs, Katrina Kosec, Scott Wallsten
Katrina Kosec
No abstract provided.
A Short-Run Johansen Industry Model For Common-Pool Resources: Planning A Fishery's Industrial Capacity To Curb Overfishing, Kristiaan Kerstens, Niels Vestergaard, Dale Squires
A Short-Run Johansen Industry Model For Common-Pool Resources: Planning A Fishery's Industrial Capacity To Curb Overfishing, Kristiaan Kerstens, Niels Vestergaard, Dale Squires
Niels Vestergaard
Current methods for assessing capacity and its utilisation in fisheries operate at the firm-level, but neglect industry capacity. Here, we introduce the Johansen-Färe measure of plant capacity of the firm into a multi-output, frontier-based version of the short-run Johansen industry model. The model determines firm capacity utilisation such that current industry outputs are maintained, while minimising the use of fixed inputs at industry level and assuming abundant variable inputs. Policy extensions relevant to combating overfishing include tightening quotas, seasonal closures, linking economic and plant capacity, decommissioning schemes and area closures, implementation issues and equity considerations. The application to the Danish …
The Trade-Induced Effects Of The Services Directive And The Country-Of-Origin Principle, Roland De Bruijn, Henk Lm Kox, Arjan Lejour
The Trade-Induced Effects Of The Services Directive And The Country-Of-Origin Principle, Roland De Bruijn, Henk Lm Kox, Arjan Lejour
Henk LM Kox
Building An Agricultural Research For Development System In Africa., Cosmas Milton Obote Ochieng Ochieng, Adiel Mbabu
Building An Agricultural Research For Development System In Africa., Cosmas Milton Obote Ochieng Ochieng, Adiel Mbabu
Cosmas Milton Obote Ochieng Ochieng
This paper discusses how impact-oriented agricultural research for development systems in Africa can be better organized and managed. Specifically, the paper puts forth the argument that achieving the development targets set by African leaders and the international community, for example, through the Millennium Development Goals, will be extremely difficult without a satisfactory re-orientation of the organization and management of African research for development systems. Such a re-orientation involves carefully linking the agricultural research agenda with national development priorities; improving coordination, interaction, interlinkages, partnerships, and networks among system agents—that is, agricultural research institutes, extension systems, higher education institutions, farmer organizations, civil …
Illegal Landings: An Aggregate Catch Self-Reporting Mechanism, Lars Gårn Hansen, Frank Jensen, Niels Vestergaard, Urs Steiner Brandt
Illegal Landings: An Aggregate Catch Self-Reporting Mechanism, Lars Gårn Hansen, Frank Jensen, Niels Vestergaard, Urs Steiner Brandt
Niels Vestergaard
To solve the problem of illegal landings this article proposes a new tax mechanism based on the regulator's own aggregate catch estimates and ex ante self-reports of planned catch by fishermen. We show that the mechanism avoids illegal landings while ensuring (nearly) optimal exploitation and generating (nearly) correct entry and exit incentives. Finally we simulate the mechanism for the Danish cod fishery in Kattegat to obtain a rough indicator of the size of the tax. It turns out that the average tax payment as a percentage of profit is surprisingly low.
Liberalisation Of The European Services Market And Its Impact On Switzerland: Assessing The Potential Impacts Of Following The Eu's 2004 Services Directive, Henk Lm Kox, Arjan Lejour
Liberalisation Of The European Services Market And Its Impact On Switzerland: Assessing The Potential Impacts Of Following The Eu's 2004 Services Directive, Henk Lm Kox, Arjan Lejour
Henk LM Kox
Structural Break In India's Growth, Ambrish A. Dongre, Neeraj Hatekar
Structural Break In India's Growth, Ambrish A. Dongre, Neeraj Hatekar
Ambrish A Dongre
How significant was the shift in the economic growth performance that occurred in the 1950s, relative to the shift that is supposed to have occurred in the 1980s? If one were to identify the single most significant break date in India’s growth performance, does it turn out to be 1951-52 or 1980-81 or some such year in the post 1980s? The hypothesis in this paper is that the single most important trend break in GDP growth is to be found not in the 1980s, as the existing literature claims, but in the early 1950s. This is not because the performance …
Poverty And Malnutrition In India (Marathi), Ambrish A. Dongre
Poverty And Malnutrition In India (Marathi), Ambrish A. Dongre
Ambrish A Dongre
This article discusses how poverty is measured in India, evolution of poverty in India in the 1990s and problems associated with interpreting poverty numbers in the 55th round of NSS and comparing them with previous numbers.
Methodological Reflections On The Short-Run Johansen Industry Model In Relation To Capacity Management, Kristriaan Kerstens, Dale Squires, Niels Vestergaard
Methodological Reflections On The Short-Run Johansen Industry Model In Relation To Capacity Management, Kristriaan Kerstens, Dale Squires, Niels Vestergaard
Niels Vestergaard
The specification of a convex production technology is a potential issue in estimating firm-level Johansen plant capacity utilisation rates and their subsequent use in the short-run Johansen industry capacity model of the fishery. There are different plant capacity utilisation estimates with convex and nonconvex technologies. When entered as parameters in the short-run Johansen industry model, this leads to different distributions in the activity vectors. With non-convex technology, more vessels remain active in the fleet, and there is no longer an overestimation of the number of decommissioned vessels compared to the use of a convex technology. A second methodological reflection involves …
Fishing Capacity In Europe: Special Issue Introduction, Niels Vestergaard
Fishing Capacity In Europe: Special Issue Introduction, Niels Vestergaard
Niels Vestergaard
No abstract provided.
Sunk Cost And Entry-Exit Decisions Under Individual Transferable Quotas: Why Industry Restructuring Is Delayed, Niels Vestergaard, Frank Jensen, Henning P. Jørgensen
Sunk Cost And Entry-Exit Decisions Under Individual Transferable Quotas: Why Industry Restructuring Is Delayed, Niels Vestergaard, Frank Jensen, Henning P. Jørgensen
Niels Vestergaard
The paper shows that explicit modelling of sunk cost and a firm's entry-exit decision in a traditional deterministic investment model may give an explanation of the slow transition to the optimal fleet structure following the introduction of individual transferable quotas (ITQs). The analysis shows that the annual lease unit price of quota may be in a range where the long-run fieet structure will not be attainable at once. Over time, firms with zero gross investment as optimal behavior may leave the industry as the capital decays and over the transition period the optimal fieet structure prevails.
The Place Of Human Rights Law In World Trade Organization Rules, Stephen Joseph Powell
The Place Of Human Rights Law In World Trade Organization Rules, Stephen Joseph Powell
Stephen Joseph Powell
WTO rules routinely are linked to the inability of nations to make meaningful progress in sharpening environmental and other human rights protections, for example, the failure of the 2002 Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development to usher in any new treaties despite the bright promise of the Rio Earth Summit of the previous decade. The common brief of environmental, medical, and development interest groups is that the market principles of supply and demand, comparative advantage, and non-discrimination on which global trade rules are built have encumbered pursuit by nations of fundamental non-economic objectives that must in any reasoned legal hierarchy …
Trade Traps: Why Eu-Acp Economic Partnership Agreements Pose A Threat To Africa’S Development., Cosmas Milton Obote Ochieng Ochieng, Tom Sharman
Trade Traps: Why Eu-Acp Economic Partnership Agreements Pose A Threat To Africa’S Development., Cosmas Milton Obote Ochieng Ochieng, Tom Sharman
Cosmas Milton Obote Ochieng Ochieng
No abstract provided.
The Contribution Of Business Services To Aggregate Productivity Growth, Henk Lm Kox
The Contribution Of Business Services To Aggregate Productivity Growth, Henk Lm Kox
Henk LM Kox
Iraq Contracts Policy Bolsters Terrorist Agenda, Thierry Warin
Iraq Contracts Policy Bolsters Terrorist Agenda, Thierry Warin
Thierry Warin
Paul Wolfowitz, the US deputy secretary of defence, announced on December 9 a list of 63 countries allowed to bid on Iraq reconstruction contracts. A backlash is now in evidence: Germany, France and Russia will be excluded.
Aquaculture, Michael Rice
Aquaculture, Michael Rice
Michael A Rice
This is the chapter on small-scale aquaculture within a volume intended as a guide for practitioners engaged in sustainable rural livelihood and food production projects in the developing world. Included in this chapter on aquaculture are fundamentals of aquaculture water quality, selection of sites and construction methods for fish ponds, and management techniques for carp and tilapia which are nutritious and easy to grow in artisanal ponds. The fundamentals of cage culture of fish is also covered, along with the fundamentals of culturing oysters and other molluscan shellfish in coastal waters.
Discrete Choice Models And Valuation Experiments, Massimiliano Mazzanti
Discrete Choice Models And Valuation Experiments, Massimiliano Mazzanti
Massimiliano Mazzanti
No abstract provided.
Technical Efficiency Of The Danish Trawl Fleet: Are The Industrial Vessels Better Than Others?, Niels Vestergaard, Dale Squires, Frank Jensen, Jesper Levring Andersen
Technical Efficiency Of The Danish Trawl Fleet: Are The Industrial Vessels Better Than Others?, Niels Vestergaard, Dale Squires, Frank Jensen, Jesper Levring Andersen
Niels Vestergaard
Technical efficiency in the Danish trawl fishery in the North Sea is estimated for 1997-1998 with a stochastic production frontier model. This model allows for both technical efficiency and a stochastic environment. The results show that the production frontier can be modelled by a translog function with time effects and a technical inefficiency function. The type of fishery (industrial or consumption) and size of vessel give a good explanation for the inefficiency of the fleet. The average technical efficiency is estimated to be 0.80. On avrage, industrial vessels have a higher technical efficiency than human consumption vessels, and smaller industrial …
Immigration And Social Justice, David Ingram
Immigration And Social Justice, David Ingram
David Ingram
A Principal-Agent Analysis Of Fisheries, Frank Jensen, Niels Vestergaard
A Principal-Agent Analysis Of Fisheries, Frank Jensen, Niels Vestergaard
Niels Vestergaard
Very little principal-agent analysis has been done within the fisheries economic literature. This paper conducts a principal-agent analysis of fisheries. Within a standard principal-agent model, the low-cost agent must be allowed the same level of effort as under complete information. This conclusion does not hold for fisheries, because of a resource restriction and the fact that maximisation takes place over two variables. By means of comparative-static analysis, this paper argues that the low-cost agent must be allowed a larger effort than under complete information.