International Economics Commons^™

Deforestation And Rural Poverty In Developing Countries: The Role Of Social Work, Shanta Pandey

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

To alleviate rural poverty most developing countries have been launching a wide variety of rural development activities. In this paper I discuss the relationship between deforestation and rural poverty, policies governing reforestation initiatives and the role of social workers in these efforts. The paper argues for and illustrates the various roles social workers can play in development programs to alleviate rural poverty in developing countries.

Sources And Management Of External Reserves In Nigeria., Newman C. Oputa

Bullion

Reserves are all those foreign assets of a country held by the monetary authorities which can be mobilized at period of external imbalances with else and certainty. External reserves are held in the form of "earning assets" notably government's foreign security or in the form of "non earning" liquid assets like gold bars in the vault of Central Banks. ln Nigeria the composition of the extremal reserve consists of gold, IMF reserve tranche, Special Drawing Rights (SDRS) and convertible currencies, The major sources of extremal reserves are derivable from the components of foreign exchange inflows which include: receipt from petroleum, …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1994, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

In 1994, Nigeria faced economic challenges such as declining GDP growth, inflation, and a weakened external sector due to expansionary fiscal and monetary policies, political unrest, and labor issues. Despite this, the global economy saw stronger recovery in industrialized countries and developing regions like Asia and Latin America. The Nigerian economy struggled with slow growth, manufacturing decline, rising inflation, large budget deficit, and weakened external sector performance. Efforts to stabilize the exchange rate were hindered by differences between official and unofficial market rates. Internationally, there were improvements in the world economy with higher growth rates in developed and developing countries. …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1992., Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

In 1992, Nigeria's economy faced significant pressures but showed resilience, with rapid growth in output and economic liquidity. The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) intensified efforts to achieve inflation and exchange rate stability while improving the efficiency of the financial sector. The financial sector experienced rapid growth and structural changes, with the strongest growth occurring in common unity banking and mortgage finance institutions. Monetary and credit aggregates expanded at unprecedented rates, matching the all-time highs of the oil boom era of the mid-seventies. Interest rates rose significantly, with both deposit and lending rates rising in tandem with the movements of …

Exchange Rate And Income Effects On South Korean Exports: The Us Case, Heather M. O'Neill, William Ross

Business and Economics Faculty Publications

This paper analyzes econometrically the effects of direct and cross exchange rates as well as US income and Korean supply developments on the volume of Korean exports to the US. The results suggest that US demand has been the most important factor in the growth of Korean exports to the US in recent years. However, direct exchange rate effects are also important; the estimates suggest that for 1989-90, a yearly 10% real appreciation of the won against the dollar would have lowered export volume by about 10% per year relative to a baseline case. Cross exchange rate effects run counter …

Entral Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1989, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

The Nigerian economy showed improvement in 1989 compared to 1988. Economic Growth: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) increased by 4.0%, driven by growth in agriculture and industry. The overall balance of payments moved from a deficit to a surplus, largely due to a significant increase in crude oil exports. The unemployment rate declined slightly, with more jobs created through government programs. Nigeria's external assets increased significantly, reflecting a deliberate policy to build official reserves. Inflation: Despite some improvement, inflationary pressures remained high, with domestic prices rising by 40.9%. Stagnant Manufacturing: Manufacturing production grew at a slow pace due to high production …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1986, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

CBN annual report and statement of accounts for 1986 covers economic performance including key economic indicators such as inflation rate, GDP growth, exchange rate stability, banking sector performance, monetary policy, financial stability, fiscal policy, and regulatory updates for 1986. The development in 1986 were mixed. The GDP at constant 1977/78 factor cost was estimated at N25,290 million, representing a decline of 3.3 per cent and the decline was largely due to poor performance of the manufacturing, crude petroleum, wholesale and retail trade sectors. The trajectory of monetary aggregates was relatively in the download direction. Money supply indicated a 1.2 per …

National Accounts, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten and typed note cards titled:

• Summary of Measures of G = c′ + v′ + s′ (12/14/77), with equations and derivations relating to national accounts aggregates
• Sales versus Production in National Income Accounts (10/28/77), on the relationship between sales and production measures
• Trade
• Current Account, on balance of payments categories
• National Accounts Concepts, including GNP measurement, real vs. nominal output, and treatment of government expenditure
• Real Wages, g-GNP, on taxes and government spending effects on GNP, with diamond merchant example on reverse
• State Expenditure and Underconsumption, on underconsumptionist theory and deficit-financed state …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1984, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

CBN annual report and statement of accounts for 1984 covers economic performance including key economic indicators such as inflation rate, GDP growth, exchange rate stability, banking sector performance, monetary policy, financial stability, fiscal policy, and regulatory updates for 1984. It also examines future economic outlook. In 1984, the index of industrial production fell by 10.2 per cent significantly due to the poor performance of the manufacturing sector whose index of production fell by 18.2 per cent. In respect of domestic prices, the supply-side factors were dominant in exerting upward pressures on prices. There were acute shortages in consumer goods and …

Developments In World Commodity Markets With Respect To Nigeria's Agricultural Commodities During The Third Quarter Of 1984, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

This is a report on the developments in Nigeria's agricultural commodities in the third quarter of 1984. It covers beverages, vegetable oil and oil seeds, natural rubber, grains and sugar etc. it also has a statistical presentation of data.

Developments In The International ( London) Commodities' Market During The First Quarter,1984, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

A report on the developments in the International (London) commodities' market during the first quarter,1984. The notable commodities includes coffee, cotton, palm-kernel and rubber. A number of factors accounted for the general improvement in commodity prices. Firstly, there was a decline in the supply of most of the commodities. The second factor was the uncertainty regarding production prospects in the immediate future . Finally, there was a general increase in the demand for most of the commodities.

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1983, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

In 1983, Nigeria's economy experienced severe stagflation, with GDP falling by 4.4%, more than the 3.4% decline recorded in 1982. Domestic inflation was 23.2%, more than three times the 7.7% recorded in 1982. The external sector also suffered from the general malaise, with the recorded value of external trade falling from N21.3 billion in 1982 to N17.3 billion in 1983. Agricultural production fell sharply due to severe droughts, bush fires, and diseases/pest infestations in livestock and crops. The volume of primary commercial energy consumed increased, with the index going up by 4.4% in 1983. Inflationary pressures intensified due to the …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Account For The Year Ended 31st December, 1982, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

The economic slowdown in 1981-1982 led to a decline in mineral and export crop production, with crude oil production falling from 1.440 million barrels in 1981 to 1.29 million barrels in 1982. The Central Bank of Nigeria business survey showed increased manufacturing sales and inventories of finished goods. Inflation decelerated to its lowest level since 1973, mainly due to reduced monetary expansion and increased production of staple food, livestock products, and fish. The money supply rose by 5.6% in 1980 and 3.1% in 1982, but the government sector's share in bank credit increased. The Gross National Product of all industrialized …

Profit, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten note cards titled:

• Price and Adjustment Mechanisms
• Capital Movements
• Direct Investment
• Host Country (UDC)
• Patterns of Foreign Investment
• Historical Flows of Capital
• Table VI-1, VI-6e
• Table V-9
• “As Exchange Becomes More Generalized…”
• “Since a Craft is a Learned Activity…”
• Money
• Intrinsic Qualities of a Money Commodity
• Ibn Khaldun
• Trade and Accumulation
• Capital
• Trade: 1850–1933 (Ashworth)
• Keynesian Models
• LDCs in World Production
• Emmanuel: Mechanism of Unequal Exchange
• Alchian & Allen, Exchange & Production Theory in Use
• Consumer Theory
• Basic Concepts of Neoclassical Economics
• Scarcity
• Defense of This Model of Behavior
• Basic Postulates of Consumer Behavior
• Basic Theorems …

The North-South Dialogue, Thomas Ehrlich

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Approaching Common Issues With Developing Countries, Thomas Ehrlich

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Income Distribution In The Process Of Economic Growth Of The Republic Of China, Yuan-Li Wu

Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies

No abstract provided.

Book Review. Economic Development, Peace And International Law By Wil D. Verwey, A. A. Fatouros

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Japan's Economic Success Following Her World War Ii Defeat, Karen E. Davidock

Business and Economics Honors Papers

This 78 page senior thesis examines the rate of Japan's economic growth since World War II.

An Empirical Study Of Foreign Exchange And Economic Development, Kathy L. Runyon

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Economic And Social Development Of The Traditional Society: Studies Of Ecuador, Turkey, And Vietnam, Charles M. Corbin

Graduate Thesis Collection

No abstract provided.

Book Review. The Effectiveness Of International Decisions And Foreign Development Lending -- Legal Aspects, A. A. Fatouros

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

The Terms Of Trade Thesis Revisited, Richard L. Grabowski

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Concentration In Primary Products And Terms Of Trade, Ronald C. Gaughf

Graduate Thesis Collection

It is generally accepted that the less developed nations have suffered a long run deterioration of their terms of trade, which represents an indirect transfer of income to the developed nations.1 If true, the gains from international trade are being unequally distributed and the less developed nations have a legitimate complaint. They are very concerned about their terms of trade on the international scene because their trade gains provide for skills required for modernization. Raul Prebisch2 cited the Latin American nations as a classic example in the deterioration of the terms of trade. Most of these nations export heavily in …

Agricultural Policy In India As Related To Economics Of An Emerging Underdeveloped Nation, Wayne Ingram Christman

Business and Economics Honors Papers

This 68 page thesis examines economic development in India, focusing on the agricultural sector.

Special Drawing Rights And Their Implications For Domestic And External Finance, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

The need to create the new international monetary asset called Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) arose largely from the widening gap between the volume of world trade and the means of financing it (that is, international monetary reserves). Special Drawing Rights are 'paper gold', transferable among the participating countries who are committed to accept them in exchange for convertible currencies.

An Analysis In Terms Of Trade, Nobuhiro Hayashi

Economics Theses & Dissertations

No abstract.

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1966, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

CBN Annual Report and Statement of Accounts for 1966 discussed the economic performance of Nigeria with emphasis on inflation rate, GDP growth, exchange rate stability, banking sector performance, monetary policy, financial stability, fiscal policy, and regulatory updates. The state of the Nigerian economy in 1966 was dictated mainly by the social and political uncertainties that engulfed the country beginning in 1965. The country experienced mounting political problems in 1965, which, by the fourth quarter of that year, had become an important factor in the future investment plans of the business community. A growing burden of external debt and the slow-down …

Nigeria's External Trade In The First Quarter Of 1966, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

The article highlights the achievements of Nigeria's external trade in the first quarter of 1966 which was a result of increase in exports and decline in imports.

Comments On International Law And Economic Development, A. A. Fatouros

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.