Industrial Organization Commons^™

Three Essays On Cross-Border Mergers And Acquisitions, Derrick T. Jenniges

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

This dissertation consists of three essays on cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). The first essay studies horizontal and vertical investments between Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, while the second essay examines how investment patterns vary by country development. The third essay estimates the effect of merger policy reform on cross-border M&A activity in Europe.

The first essay tests how well theories of horizontal and vertical foreign direct investment (FDI) explain observed patterns of cross-border M&As in OECD countries. Horizontal investment occurs when multinational firms produce in foreign countries to serve the foreign market, whereas vertical investment occurs …

The Gettysburg Economic Review, Volume 7, Spring 2013

Gettysburg Economic Review

No abstract provided.

New Silicon Valleys Or A New Species? Commoditization Of Knowledge Work And The Rise Of Knowledge Services Clusters, Stephan Manning

Management and Marketing Faculty Publication Series

This paper explores knowledge services clusters (KSCs) as a distinct and increasingly important form of geographic cluster, in particular in emerging economies: KSCs are defined as geographic concentrations of lower-cost skills serving global demand for increasingly commoditized knowledge services. Based on prior research on clusters and services offshoring, and data from the Offshoring Research Network (ORN), major properties and contingencies of KSC growth are discussed and compared with both high-tech clusters and low-cost manufacturing clusters. Special emphasis is put on the ambivalent effect of commoditization of knowledge work on KSC growth: It is proposed that KSCs attract most projects if …

Trade, Firm Selection, And Industrial Agglomeration, Wen-Tai Hsu, Ping Wang

Research Collection School Of Economics

We develop a model of trade and agglomeration that incorporates trade in both intermediate goods and final goods and allows all firms to choose their locations. There are two types of labor: skilled labor, which is mobile, and unskilled labor, which is immobile. Upon choosing its factory site, a final goods firm that is managed by skilled labor can produce these goods using local unskilled labor and a variety of intermediate goods produced by productivity-heterogeneous producers. We characterize world equilibrium and establish the conditions under which industrial agglomeration arises as a stable equilibrium outcome. We show that when the unskilled …

The Pros And Cons Of Outsourcing, Angela Smith

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Outsourcing has become increasingly popular to the public since the mid-20th century and has become more controversial in the last decade. The United States economy has been under the microscope for the last 4 years due to an economic recession. Outsourcing has been a subject of interest that has been brought up numerous times by economists. Offshore outsourcing is the main type of outsourcing that is of concern in relation to the United States economy. This topic is highly debated because of the unemployment rate in America.

The Role Of Family Ties In Mitigating Moral Hazard: Firm-Level Evidence From Tamil Nadu, India, Goldie Chow

Master's Theses

Drawing on firm-level data from the district of Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu, India, this study explores the role of family ties as a means to counteract potential moral hazard concerns. It is shown that firms will be more likely to employ family relations when faced with a higher hidden context for moral hazard. Specifically, the analysis finds that the presence of family members within the firm is higher when the firm provides general training and that firms that are more likely to do external business with family relations when it is believed that the legal system is not effective. Additionally, …

The Gettysburg Economic Review, Volume 6, Spring 2012

Gettysburg Economic Review

No abstract provided.

Securing Access To Lower-Cost Talent Globally: The Dynamics Of Active Embedding And Field Structuration, Stephan Manning, Joerg Sydow, Arnold Windeler

Management and Marketing Faculty Publication Series

This article examines how multinational corporations (MNCs) shape institutional conditions in emerging economies to secure access to high-skilled, yet lower-cost science and engineering talent. Based on two in-depth case studies of engineering offshoring projects of German automotive suppliers in Romania and China we analyze how MNCs engage in ‘active embedding’ by aligning local institutional conditions with global offshoring strategies and operational needs. MNCs thereby contribute to the structuration of field relations and practices of sourcing knowledge-intensive work from globally dispersed locations.Our findings stress the importance of institutional processes across geographic boundaries that regulate and get shaped by MNC activities.

The Stability Of Offshore Outsourcing Relationships: The Role Of Relation Specificity And Client Control, Stephan Manning, Arie Y. Lewin, Marc Schuerch

Management and Marketing Faculty Publication Series

Offshore outsourcing of administrative and technical services has become a mainstream business practice. Increasing commoditization of business services and growing client experience with outsourcing have created a range of competitive service delivery options for client firms. Yet, data from the Offshoring Research Network (ORN) suggests that, despite increasing market options and growing client quality and cost efficiency expectations, clients typically renew provider contracts and develop longer-term relationships with providers. Based on ORN data, this paper explores drivers of this phenomenon. The findings suggest that providers promote contract renewal by making client specific investments in software, IT infrastructure and training, and …

Outsourcing And Offshoring: Problems For Price And Productivity Measurement, Susan N. Houseman

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

Essays On Export Destination Decisions And Spillovers From Inward Fdi: Evidence From Chilean Manufacturing Plants, Ivan A. Duran Diaz

Dissertations

This dissertation examines the relationship between destination country characteristics and Chilean firm characteristics on the export destination decisions of Chilean firms. Additionally, it explores the impact generated by inward foreign direct investment (FDI) on Chilean firms' export decisions, wages, and productivity.

For the first study, a random coefficients logit approach is employed to model export likelihood to a particular destination country. From this, estimates of export substitution elasticities among destination countries are obtained, given changes in some of their macroeconomic variables such as GDP. Both destination country and the Chilean firms' characteristics are shown to be relevant in the export …

The Gettysburg Economic Review, Volume 4, Spring 2010

Gettysburg Economic Review

No abstract provided.

Are Credit Unions In Ecuador Achieving Economies Of Scale?, Nick A. Marchio

Economics Honors Projects

This study tests the assertion that membership growth in credit unions is constrained by their unique structural features, such as their non-profit mission and member-based ownership. Although these features enhance inclusiveness, existing theory suggest that they work against efficiency when membership grows too diffuse. To address this issue, this study uses a model that takes into account existing theory on constrained-optimization in credit unions and theory on the adverse effects of diffuse ownership. Using data on 36 public credit unions in Ecuador, the empirical analysis finds evidence that credit unions can achieve economies of scale despite their problematic structural features. …

The Gettysburg Economic Review, Volume 3, Spring 2009

Gettysburg Economic Review

No abstract provided.

Can Non-State Certification Systems Bolster State-Centered Efforts To Promote Sustainable Development Through The Clean Development Mechanism, Jonathan G.S. Koppell, Kelly Levin, Benjamin Cashore

Publications from President Jonathan G.S. Koppell

Increasing economic globalization has coincided with the emergence and escalating influence of non-state actors and organizations in domestic and international policymaking, from shaping policy agendas to promoting private authority. The latter phenomenon has arisen, at least in part, from a critique of states' failures to adopt effective and enduring environmental policies. Rather than contest "command and control" institutions, non-state strategies embrace market approaches built around incentives and price mechanisms. Several forms of non-state authority have emerged, including corporate social responsibility, provision of information through labeling, and self-reporting.

Why Brazil Has Not Grown: A Comparative Analysis Of Brazilian, Indian, And Chinese Economic Management, Fernando Ferrari-Filho, Anthony Petros Spanakos

Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

This paper does not aim to dispute that Brazil would benefit from reforms in any or all of these areas. Rather, the paper offers a skeptical perspective on reform menus and proposes an alternative explanation for the faster growth of Brazil’s peers India and China2. The paper begins by introducing (section 1) the idea of the BRICs countries, to establish the basis for comparisons of most similar cases. It then surveys the results of a generation of Washington Consensus era growth (section 2). Although there is a considerable amount of divergence over what causes growth, it seems that something approaching …

The Gettysburg Economic Review, Volume 2, Spring 2008

Gettysburg Economic Review

No abstract provided.

Industry Structure Similarities, Trade Agreements, And Business Cycle Synchronization, Samuel D. Marll

Gettysburg Economic Review

This paper analyzes the effects of industry structure similarities, free trade agreements, and geographic borders on regional business cycle correlation, using fifty US states, 10 Canadian provinces, and 1 Canadian territory as a case study. Using two cross-sectional OLS regressions and one panel data OLS regression, this study finds that pair-wise gross territorial product growth correlation decreased significantly after NAFTA ratification for state-state, province-province, and state-province territorial pairs, contrary to previous literature’s results. NAFTA effectively decoupled intra-national business cycles in the US and Canada while also desynchronizing cross-border pair-wise GSP growth correlation, but cross-border pair-wise GSP growth correlation was much …

Have Cafe Standards Reduced The Effect Of Gasoline Prices On Domestic Automobile Manufacturers’ Market Share Of The Us Market?, Abdelwahed Tazi

Gettysburg Economic Review

One of macroeconomists’ major concerns is GDP volatility, and understanding what causes this volatility is essential when attempting to reduce it. For decades, the automotive industry has been a major component of US GDP. Therefore, understanding the driving forces behind this industry indirectly contributes to the study of GDP volatility. This paper focuses on CAFE standards and how they change the effect of oil prices on US automobile sales.

What motivates this paper is the fact that during the mid-to-late 80s, fluctuations in the market share of domestic automobile manufacturers diminished substantially. Figure 1 presents the sales of domestic automakers’ …

The Gettysburg Economic Review, Volume 1, Spring 2006

Gettysburg Economic Review

No abstract provided.

New Social Movements And The Struggle For Worker’S Rights In The Maquila Industry, Victoria Carty

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

"Campaigns to improve worker’s rights in export processing zones (EPZs), also referred to the maquila industry in Latin America, is an important topic analytically and politically. On theoretical and practical levels, the co-existence of market economies with effective means to ensure adequate working conditions for workers is a critical question. Underlying the issue is a vigorous debate regarding how the global economy should be governed; who or what should govern it, and whose interest is should serve (Faux, 2002)."

Why Are Chinese Products Cheaper?, P R Karthik, Muthulingam Suresh

IIMB Management Review

Chinese products of comparable quality, novel conception and low prices have been flooding the Indian market. The differential in price ranges from 20% to as high as 50%. ‘Dumping!’ has been the outcry by our businessmen, nurtured over five decades by the license raj, and many industry circles have been clamouring for protectionism. Conversely, companies are sourcing products for the Indian market from China and some like the Patel Group are proposing to shift their entire operations to China. One of the mainstays of the Chinese strategy of following a mass-production and mass-consumption formula, is to keep the profit margins …

Kesan Afta Ke Atas Industri Kereta Nasional (Malaysia), Kanageswary Ramasamy

Student Works (2000-2009)

Proton ditubuhkan pada tahun 1985 manakala Perodua ditubuhkan pada tahun 1994. Kini, Perodua dan Proton telah menjadi sebuah indutri kereta nasional yang amat popular di kalangan rakyat Malaysia. Selain itu, mereka juga telah membantu dalam perkembangan industri kereta Malaysia. Justeru itu, kajian dijalankan terhadap kesan AFTA ke atas industri kereta nasional serta keupayaanya dalam menangani cabaran AFT A. Kajian juga menghuraikan bagaimana dasar-dasar dan polisi-polisi kerajaan telah membantu dalam perkembangan industri kereta nasional Malaysia. Akhir sekali, kajian juga dijalankan untuk melihat kemampuan industri kereta nasional dalam menguasai pasaran domestik dan antarabangsa serta strategi-strategi yang dilaksanakan untuk menjamin kedudukannya dalam pasaran …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, December 1997, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Statistical Bulletin

Financial data is compiled from documents like balance sheets and financial statements, which are designed for legal and administrative purposes rather than economic analysis. The Financial Statistics Office compiles the analytical CBN balance sheet without major reclassifications or rearrangements. However, due to problems with imprecise definitions, improper classification, inadequate sectorization, inaccuracies, irregular valuation procedures, and errors in data compilation, major revisions were made. The Computer Services Department generates summary and detailed analytical balance sheets based on the end-month BANKOS 302 of the CBN, Lagos branch. The consolidation of accounts of monetary authorities and deposit money banks produces monetary survey accounts. …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin June 1997, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Statistical Bulletin

Financial data is compiled from financial statements and balance sheets, which are designed to meet legal and administrative requirements rather than economic analysis needs. The Finance and Accounts Department prepares the CBN accounting balance sheet data for the Research Department to compile the CBN analytical accounts. However, major revisions were made due to imprecise definitions, improper classification, inadequate sectorization, inaccuracies, irregular valuation procedures, and errors in data compilation on foreign assets. The Computer Services Department uses high-level computing to generate both summary and detailed analytical balance sheets based on the end-month BANKOS 302 of the CBN, Lagos branch. The consolidation …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, December 1996, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Statistical Bulletin

Financial data is compiled from documents like balance sheets and financial statements to meet legal and administrative requirements, rather than economic analysis. The Finance and Accounts Department prepares the CBN accounting balance sheet data for the Research Department, while the Financial Statistics Office compiles the analytical CBN balance sheet. Monetary authorities and deposit money banks consolidate accounts to produce monetary survey accounts. Monthly interest rate returns compute weighted average lending and deposit interest rates, and deposit rates are computed for various maturities. Clearing house statistics show the number and value of cheques cleared within the commercial banking system, reflecting the …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, June 1996, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Statistical Bulletin

Financial data is compiled from documents like balance sheets and financial statements, which are primarily designed for legal and administrative purposes. The Finance and Accounts Department uses Bloomberg sources to prepare CBN accounting balance sheet data for the Research Department to compile analytical accounts. The Financial Statistics Office compiles the analytical CBN balance sheet without reclassifications or rearrangements of available accounting data. The consolidation of accounts of monetary authorities and deposit money banks produces monetary survey accounts. Monthly interest rate returns are used to compute weighted average lending and deposit interest rates. Deposit rates are computed for various maturities. Clearing …

Industry's Response To Market Liberalization In China: Evidence From Jiangsu Province, Penelope B. Prime

Faculty Articles

More than a decade has passed since China's communist party endorsed major economic reform at the Third Plenum of the Eleventh Central Committee in December 1978. The reforms have addressed many problems, but efficiency has been the focus of concern. To improve efficiency, China has introduced market mechanisms and reversed its import substitution policies. The purpose of this article is to investigate whether industrial productivity has increased as a result, using Jiangsu Province as a case study.

National Accounts, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten and typed note cards titled:

• Summary of Measures of G = c′ + v′ + s′ (12/14/77), with equations and derivations relating to national accounts aggregates
• Sales versus Production in National Income Accounts (10/28/77), on the relationship between sales and production measures
• Trade
• Current Account, on balance of payments categories
• National Accounts Concepts, including GNP measurement, real vs. nominal output, and treatment of government expenditure
• Real Wages, g-GNP, on taxes and government spending effects on GNP, with diamond merchant example on reverse
• State Expenditure and Underconsumption, on underconsumptionist theory and deficit-financed state …