Economics Commons^™

The Impact Of Entrepreneurship Education On Self-Employment Initiatives Among Fourah Bay College Students, Kamara Abdulsalam

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

Entrepreneurship education is a catalyst for the diminution of unemployment in Sierra Leone. The study evaluates the causal nexus between entrepreneurship education and self-employment initiatives among Fourah Bay College students. Using regression analysis, data collected were primary data through the administration of questionnaires and simple percentage ranking techniques were used to analyze the questionnaires. The result shows that entrepreneurship education is an important policy and it has positive effect on self-employment initiatives. From the study, the following are some of the recommendations: The University of Sierra Leone should establish a center for entrepreneurship and innovation that will offer degree programs …

Promise Scholarship Programs And Local Prosperity, Michelle Miller-Adams, Edward Smith

Upjohn Institute Policy Papers

We argue that place-based college scholarships, if designed intentionally and leveraged effectively, can foster local economic development. Since the introduction of the Kalamazoo Promise in 2005, a growing number of communities have applied the place-based approach to investments in human capital through the creation of college scholarship programs. Reviewing the existing literature on educational and economic outcomes associated with Promise programs reveals that they can expand students’ postsecondary aspirations, improve a school district’s college-going culture, and increase college enrollment and degree attainment while promoting in-migration of residents and positive growth in housing prices. Therefore, these programs can serve a broader …

Addressing Infrastructure Gap Via Public-Private Partnership In Nigeria, Chiedu Ndubisi

Bullion

This paper is arranged in nine Sections. It commenced by examining the issue of the nature of infrastructure and the implication for financing. It also looked at the catalytic role of infrastructure on economic growth and development, including the debilitating implication of its negligence by policy makers. next, the paper attempted at establishing the nexus between infrastructure and economic growth and development.

Striking A Balance: A National Assessment Of Economic Development Incentives, Mary Donegan, T. William Lester, Nichola Lowe

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

The use of incentive packages has intensified as local governments compete for new plants and corporate relocations, and as private firms increasingly demand a deal. While incentives promise jobs and tax revenue, scholars and practitioners criticize their high cost and limited accountability. Through a comparison of matched establishments, this paper explores how governmental incentive-granting strategy impacts incentive performance. We examine the overall impact of incentives and whether incentives granted to smaller firms perform better. Using economic development budget data, we also assess the state’s overall approach to economic development to determine which strategies are prioritized through funding. By showing that …

Demystifying The Microeconomic Foundation Of Economic Development In Nigeria: Evidence From Ease Of Doing Business Index, Imandojemu Kingsley

Bullion

The welfare of the citizenry in a modern economy depends critically on the state of the consumer behaviour of the household and the production decisions of business firms. Despite the efforts of the monetary authorities in supporting the micro-components of the economy and invariably improving the Ease of Doing Business in the country, very little has been done to evaluate their appropriateness in stimulating economic development. Against this backdrop, this paper critically examines the impact of supporting the microeconomic units on economic development in Nigeria.

What Works To Help Manufacturing-Intensive Local Economies?, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Helping Manufacturing-Intensive Communities: What Works?, Timothy J. Bartik

Reports

No abstract provided.

Urban Growth Initiative For Greater Downtown Kalamazoo, Jim Robey, Randall W. Eberts, Lee Adams, Kathleen Bolter, Don Edgerly, Marie Holler, Brian Pittelko, Claudette Robey

Reports

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Food Security On Socioeconomic Mobility In The United States: A Case Study In Allendale County, South Carolina, Taylor St Clarke

Senior Theses

This thesis examines the relationship between food security – defined as accessibility to an affordable, nutritious, and sustainable source of food – and socioeconomic mobility in the continental United States. This thesis is primarily focused on the effects of food insecurity on both individuals and communities, examining the chronic long-term effects of such insecurity on areas known as “food deserts,” which are often given status as areas of persistent poverty. This research further examines the effects of a sustained poor diet, brought about by food insecurity, on the individual and overarching community in a food desert and how such a …

Essays On Natural Resources And Economic Development, Ahsan Kibria

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This dissertation studies the political economy of natural resources and how these resources may pose an opportunity or a threat to a country and comprises three essays.

The first essay explores how economic development can impact the consumption behavior of natural resources, with focus on fossil fuels. It suggests the existence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between fossil fuel share in the energy mix and economic development. Particularly, the essay illustrates an evidence that fossil fuel's share in the energy mix increases as a country develops, however, after reaching a real income per capita of around US$16,000, the country reduces …

Full Circle: Building A Local Economy Through Pollinator Enterprises In The Food System, Catherine M. Demets

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

As the alternative food movement gains traction in mainstream American society, it is essential to document how enterprises in the movement are building robust local economies. As Eric Holt-Giménez (2010: 1) points out, the movement “has successfully shone the spotlight on hunger and food access in the US, created a drive for more local food, and gotten better policy from the federal to the local level,” yet no assurance exists that our society’s interest in food issues is not a passing fad. Rather, we should ask: “how do we turn initial reforms into lasting food system transformation?” (Holt-Giménez 2010: 1). …

Fintech As A Tool For Promoting Financial Inclusion And Economic Development In Nigeria, Mayowa O. Agbelusi

Bullion

In Nigeria, 67% of the population lives below the poverty line. Access to basic financial services can make a significant difference in reducing poverty and financial technology has been used to enhance the provision of financial services to the poor and unbanked in sub-Saharan Africa. This paper seeks to highlight the nexus between financial inclusion and financial technology as well as how it can help reduce poverty in Nigeria.

Institutions: Key Variable For Economic Development In Latin America, Andre Vianna, André Varella Mollick

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

This article examines economic development from 1996 to 2015 for 192 countries and specifically Latin America. Evidence shows that each 0.1-point increase in institutions impacts a 3.9% improvement in Latin American per capita output versus a 2.6% effect on world development. This new evidence from Latin America shows a missing opportunity to develop at higher annual pace than the 2.14% average, mainly due to the deterioration in rule of law. We conjecture the efficiency of monetary/fiscal policies will improve if policymakers emphasize projects that foster improvements to institutional quality, such as transparency, public spending quality and fiscal responsibility.

Who's Afraid Of China?, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) has become the subject of an increasing number of conferences, op-ed pieces, and articles. The debate emanates from two strands: at the geopolitical level, OBOR is seen as a manifestation of China's ambitions to become a global power threatening the existing power structure; at the geo-economic level, CPEC presents both opportunities and risks for Pakistan. This article examines the significant benefits of CPEC—including addition of 10,000MW to Pakistan's energy generation capacity, highway construction linking Gwadar with Kashgar, and regional economic integration—while addressing common apprehensions about debt burden and Chinese economic domination, arguing that such concerns …

Official Development Assistance And Social Capitals Impact On Economic Growth, Thomas D. Hanley

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This study intends to increase the understanding of the impact social capital has on economic growth in countries that receive official development assistance. By analyzing these relationships further, it may be possible to develop strategies to increase economic growth and prosperity in these regions. The results show that economic growth is not contingent upon high levels of trust but trust rich environments conditions the effectiveness of oda in stimulating growth.

A Lesson In Learning: Improving Learning Outcomes In India Via Pedagogical Innovation, Rhea Handa

Scripps Senior Theses

When delivered well, education is key to addressing a host of individual and societal ills, from poverty and disease to crime and poor voter engagement. India has demonstrated considerable progress in improving various aspects of its primary education system, including infrastructure and buildings, teacher-student ratios, and school enrollment. However, student learning outcomes remain consistently low across the country. A review of the literature surrounding learning outcomes has highlighted gaps in school instruction and has shown the dire need for innovations in pedagogy and curriculum to improve student learning. This paper assesses the long-term impact of one such pedagogy, called Teaching …

Race To The Bottom? Local Tax Break Competition And Business Location, Evan Mast

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Microcredit And Survival Microenterprises: The Role Of Market Structure, P.V. Viswanath

Faculty Working Papers and Articles

Poverty remains a pervasive problem all over the world, but the problem is worst in underdeveloped areas like Africa. While microfinance is supposed to address this problem through the promotion of viable businesses, it has not been very successful in helping survival microenterprises, i.e., businesses that the very poor with limited human capital have access to, in sectors with low barriers to entry and selling undifferentiated products. In this paper, I examine the role of market structure in mediating the impact of micro-lending to such survival enterprises. While there have been many evaluations of microfinance institutions (MFIs), there have been …

Disaster And Recovery: The Effects Of Post-Disaster Aid On Economic Development, Joshua M. Drouin

Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal

The effects of aid on economic development is topic typically studied from the perspective of corruption and allocative efficiency. We examine aid to less developed nations from a different viewpoint; assuming aid reaches the intended recipients, does it actually benefit them? We utilize Indonesia and the 2004 earthquake and tsunami as a natural experiment to observe the influx of aid, and compare the regions development before and after the disaster. By establishing a baseline before the disaster, and utilizing a new start point after the destruction, we can gauge the reconstruction efforts and observe whether aid is beneficial or harmful. …

Can Local Actors Foster A More Inclusive And Sustainable Model Of Economic Development? The Role Of Business Improvement Areas In The “New” Industrial Policy, Matias De Dovitiis, Juan Gomez, Rafael Gomez

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

A growing body of evidence links differing managerial practices, specifically ones addressing environmental sustainability and the management of people, to variations in performance observed across firms and countries. Firms (and by extension jurisdictions) that invest in better environmental policies (sustainability) and that empower workers (inclusivity) tend to outperform, over the long run, those that do not. Despite the gains associated with these inclusive and sustainable management techniques, large differences in the adoption of even the most basic management practices persist. We premise this article on an institution that can lower the costs of gaining best practice knowledge and help in …

Cbn Real Sector Financing For Inclusive Growth And Economic Development., Mudashiru A. Olaitan

Bullion

The fall in crude oil in the international market has expose Nigeria's vulnerability to external shocks and overdependence on a mono-product economy thereby presenting the opportunity for Nigeria to diversify its economy away from oil into agriculture, manufacturing services and other non-oil sectors. This paper examines the need to support key sectors that are drivers of growth and to also upscale its developmental finance initiatives targeted at economic growth, deepening of deepening of credit delivery to the real sector. The paper highlighted focal areas and the interventions by CBN in these areas to include Agricultural sector; Infrastructure; Manufacturing sector; MSMEs …

Deficit Financing, Price And Economic Stability In Nigeria: A Bound Testing Approach., Ali Danjuma Umaru

Bullion

This research work empirically examines the impact of deficits finance on price and economic stability in Nigeria using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL)/Bound testing approach from 1980-2016. Total deficit financed externally and a disaggregated domestic source which includes CBN, Deposit Money Banks and Non-Bank Public were used as proxies for deficit financing while inflation rates and GDP were captured for price and economic stability respectively. The bound testing analysis which was carried out in a two differently specified models show no cointegration between deficit finance and inflation, while that of deficit finance and economic stability nexus reveals the existence of a …

Female Labour Force Participation And Economic Development In Labour Abundant Countries: Evidence From Sri Lanka, Prathi Seneviratne

Department of Economics Working Paper Series

Female labour force participation remains low across much of the developing world despite robust economic growth and structural change. Cross-country studies provide contradictory conclusions, while there is little analysis at the country and regional levels. This paper examines the microeconomic determinants of female participation using rich household survey data from Sri Lanka, where participation is low for its level of economic development. It finds household income, secondary education and fertility to lower participation rates. Participation has increased with economic growth, and a decomposition analysis reveals rising education, falling fertility, and weakening income effects to be the main contributors. However, growth …

Business Development And Entrepreneurship On The Navajo Reservation, Sierra Hoffer

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

In this paper, I explore the underdevelopment of the business sector on the Navajo reservation. I investigate why the Navajo reservation continues to be economically depressed and find that institutions unique to the reservation create barriers that disincentivize formal business development. I first conducted a literature review on general barriers to entrepreneurship. Second, I reviewed the institutional analysis of the Navajo reservation to understand how institutions affect potential entrepreneurs. Next, I summarized a three-phased entrepreneurship training program on the reservation. Finally, I assessed the results of the program and how it was effected by barriers to business development.

I conclude …

Estimating The Impacts Of Plazacorp Investments Related To The Acquisition Of The Arcadia Ramp In Downtown Kalamazoo On The Region, Jim Robey, Kathleen Bolter, Claudette Robey

Reports

No abstract provided.

Weak Law V Strong Ties: An Empirical Study Of Business Investment, Law And Political Connections In China, Wei Zhang, Ji Li

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Based on a large-scale survey of Chinese entrepreneurs, our study explores how institutions (formal and informal) influence investment decisions made by private companies. The study finds that, consistent with the conventional view, a more effective legal system is correlated with short-term general investment, and that the judiciary is important mainly because of its restraint over the state. The role of effective courts, however, diminishes when private entrepreneurs consider making long-term investment. We find a positive association between the entrepreneurs’ political backgrounds and their R&D investment, suggesting that Chinese courts, in spite of decades of reform, are not yet viewed as …

Tax Credits As A Tool Of State Economic Development Policy, Howard J. Wall

Center for Applied Economics

Tax credits come in many forms and serve an array of purposes, although economic development is central to their existence. Although tax credits come in many forms, they all share a basic structure: They are provided to a private entity for a specific project, usually to enhance the entity’s ability to obtain financing. The holder of a tax credit can apply it against his or her tax liabilities according to its redemption value, its redemption date, and other rules governing the credit.

This paper summarizes the findings in the economics literature on the effectiveness of state tax credits in spurring …

An Overlapping-Generations Model Of Firm Heterogeneity In Economic Development, Yu Chen, Haiwen Zhou

Economics Faculty Publications

We study firm heterogeneity in economic development in an overlapping-generations general equilibrium model in which manufacturing firms engage in oligopolistic competition. Individuals differ in their productivities in the manufacturing sector and choose to become entrepreneurs or workers. The model is surprisingly tractable. In the steady state, an increase in the entry barrier in the manufacturing sector or an increase in the percentage of income spent on the agricultural good decreases the wage rate, but the level of output in the manufacturing sector does not necessarily decrease. An increase in the degree of patience of an individual increases the steady state …

Ginning Up Economic Growth? Evaluating The Effects Of County-Level Alcohol Sales, Nathan Smith

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

The academic literature on the topic of legal alcohol sales is vast; from the effects on crime to population health outcomes. The economic development impact of alcohol sales, however, remains relatively unexplored. This research examines county-level data from the State of Arkansas between the years 2009 and 2014 in a cross-sectional time-series regression analysis to determine whether economic development benefits exist that can be attributed either directly or indirectly to legal alcohol sales. Ultimately, this study finds that alcohol sales are positively and significantly related with food service and accommodation employment as well as higher per capita personal income.

The Economic Impact Of City-County Consolidations: A Synthetic Control Approach, Joshua Hall, Josh Matti, Yang Zhou

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

Although more rapid development is a primary motivation behind city-county consolidations, few empirical studies explore the impact of consolidation on economic development. No studies look at government consolidation in the United States using modern causal inference methods. We use the synthetic control method (SCM) to examine the long-term impact of city-county consolidations on per capita income, population, and employment. The results from the three cases explored indicate that consolidation does not guarantee development and actually can have negative effects. Additionally, consolidation can deepen the urban-rural divide by accelerating the decline of rural populations relative to those of urban areas. The …