Economics Commons^™

The Economic Imperatives Of Ensuring Accessible University Education In Nigeria, Adekunle Alexander Balogun

Bullion

This study exmined economic imperatives of enhancing access to university education for Nigerians. It submits that university education is the most important factor for technological and innovative breakthroughs, as it equips graduates with receptive minds for complex reasoning that innovation requires. The study employed critical discourse analysis, focusing on the association between the attainment of a university education and the higher incomes of its recipients. The study recommends that the government increase funding for university education to complement private-sector initiatives. It also recommends that university authorities in Nigeria should tap into the vast endowment and embrace grant opportunities for funding.

Industrial Policy In The Competition Between An Existing Hegemon And A Rising Superpower: The Case Of The Us And China, Kevin Honglin Zhang

Faculty Publications – Economics

Central to the current US-China geopolitical rivalry is the strategic use of industrial policy (IP) by both countries, which is an unexpected reverse of view on IP. This paper examines the role of IP in the economic competition between the US, the incumbent global hegemon, and China, the rising superpower. Both countries increasingly view IP as essential to winning the rivalry. While the methods differ –more market-driven in the US and more state-led in China - their IP reflects shared goals: securing technological leadership and strengthening national security through self-reliance. China’s IP works well in achieving scale, coordination, and technological …

Intra-Household Welfare Inequality And Household Public Goods, Pierre-André Chiappori, Costas Meghir, Yoko Okuyama

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In this paper we develop a novel approach to measuring individual welfare within households, recognizing that individuals may have both different preferences (particularly regarding public consumption) and differential access to resources. We construct a money metric measure of welfare that accounts for public goods (by using personalized prices) and the allocation of time. We then use our conceptual framework to analyse intrahousehold inequality in Japan, allowing for the presence of two public goods: expenditures on children and other public goods including housing. We show empirically that women have much stronger preferences for both public goods and this has critical implications …

Made In East Texas: The Power House Of The Manufacturing Industry, Manuel Reyes-Loya, Cecilia Cuellar

Hibbs Brief

This issue highlights the significant role of the manufacturing industry in East Texas's economy, showing how the sector contributes substantial output, employment, and economic linkages across the region. It details the industry's share of regional GDP, its major sub-sectors, and the large number of jobs it supports—many of which pay above the regional average. The analysis underscores manufacturing's importance as a key engine of local economic growth and stability.

The Jamaica Now Leadership Council: A Study Of Stakeholder Participation In The Revitalization Of Downtown Jamaica, Queens, Melva M. Miller

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Urban revitalization in the United States has often been characterized by uneven community development, where marginalized communities bear the costs while receiving limited benefits. This dissertation examines how the dynamics of stakeholder participation impacts the practice of Community Economic Development (CED), focusing on the Jamaica Now Leadership Council (JNLC) as a case study. Formed to oversee the Jamaica Now Neighborhood Action Plan, the JNLC represents a model of inclusive, stakeholder-driven urban development aimed at addressing historical disinvestment and promoting equitable economic growth in Downtown Jamaica, Queens.

The study explores how power dynamics, stakeholder histories, and role expectations shape participation in …

A Benjaminian Rumination Of Grasses And Tomatoes In Contemporary Anatolian Film, Ceren Izci

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thesis interprets the intersection of history, ecology, and politics through two contemporary Anatolian films: Nuri Bilge Ceylan’s About Dry Grasses and Murat Fıratoğlu’s One of These Days When Hemme Dies. We focus on the films’ portrayal of social relations and relationships to other living beings through interpreting the temporal layers and historical tensions present in the plots of the films. We introduce the paper by pondering over the question of whether these films are political. Drawing on Walter Benjamin’s concepts of “first nature” and “second nature”, the first chapter introduces the philosophical framework for understanding the connection between …

Essays On The Impact Of Monetary Policy Shocks, Rubaiyat Tasnim

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation consists of two chapters.

Chapter 1 - Households’ Balance Sheet Adjustment in Response to Monetary Policy Shocks.

Household’s balance sheet and housing decision have played crucial role in understanding the transmission of monetary policy in the last two decades. Monetary policy can affect the broader economy through household finances via the income channel and the wealth channel, and especially of they are debt or liquidity constrained. This chapter studies the unhedged interest rate exposure (URE) following Auclert (2019) for households using micro-level data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey for the years 1994 to 2012. Using the URE, I …

Banking And The Wider Economy: Essays On Capital And Cross-Border Risks, Morgan Hunt

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Chapter 1: This paper examines the impact of growth in the banking industry’s capital and assets on real output growth at both aggregate and industry levels using a short-run factor-augmented vector autoregression (FAVAR) model across 19 NAICS two-digit industries from 2007Q1 to 2019Q4. Results reveal that changes in capital growth significantly affect output growth in the Manufacturing and Finance industries, while changes in risk-weighted assets impact the Construction, Manufacturing, Real Estate, and Transportation industries. Conversely, output growth in the Manufacturing and Retail Trade industries influences capital growth, while Wholesale Trade output growth affects risk-weighted assets. These relationships are robust …

Quantifying Educational Impacts Under The Nypd's Stop-And-Frisk Era, Matthew T. Stanton

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This project examines the educational and economic impacts of the New York Police Department's "Stop, Question, and Frisk" (SQF) program, implemented predominantly under "Operation Impact" from 2003 to 2022. Using data from the NYPD and the American Community Survey, the study explores correlations between high rates of stop-and-frisk encounters and reduced educational attainment among targeted demographics, primarily Black and Hispanic young men. It contextualizes the socioeconomic consequences of SQF policies, including their effect on lifetime earnings and community trust. The project highlights the limitations of data correlation, advocates for further longitudinal and qualitative studies, and suggests frameworks for mitigating inequities …

Beauty Comes With A Price: But How Much Is It Worth It, Fabliha Afia

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The global skincare market, valued at 104.24 billion dollars in the year 2022, is very heterogeneous, ranging from prestige brands to more drugstore types. Even when the same key ingredients are present, the latter often sells for much higher due to branding and packaging and the aura of prestige created. This capstone project entitled "Beauty comes with a price: but how much is it worth?" investigates if such higher costs are justified due to superior quality or are driven by non-functional factors. It systematically compared the high-end versus drugstore skincare products in categories like sunscreens, serums, and exfoliants with respect …

Highlights Of The Borderplex Economic Outlook To 2026, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 9, Number 2, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

'Reciprocal' Tariffs: What's In A Word, Petros C. Mavroidis

Faculty Scholarship

On 13 February 2025, President Trump released a memorandum announcing his intention to impose “reciprocal tariffs” under the Fair and Reciprocal Plan (FRP). The plan does not operate under a reasonable definition of reciprocity, is illegal under World Trade Organisation (WTO) law, would damage both the United States and its trading partners and could trigger reactions that would bring an end to the international trading system as we know it.

Montana Resident Report: In-State And Out-Of-State Travel Q2 2024, Carter Bermingham, Megan Schultz, Matthew Pettigrew, Jayce Beck

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

A summary of Montana residents’ self-reported travel behavior, both in-state and out-of-state, for 2024.

The Feminization Of Deteriorated Labor Force Participation In Egypt: 1990 – 2024, Mennan Gamal Nour El Din

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this thesis is to explain why female labor force participation deteriorated in quantity and in quality despite the recent rise in female educational attainment levels over the past three decades (1990 – 2024). On the one hand, labor participation declined, whereas on the other hand, female informal employment remains high in Egypt. This thesis dissertation utilizes a qualitative research methodology through both secondary data in the form of descriptive statistics on the phenomenon of female labor force participation as well as primary data in the form of six in-depth expert interviews with experts in the fields of …

How Do Insurance Companies Manage Reserves? Evidence From Reserve Errors Across Lines Of Business And Accident Years, Jing Rong Goh, Shinichi Kamiya, Pingyi Lou

Research Collection School Of Economics

We study the question of how insurance companies manage reserves. Specifically, we investigate how managerial incentives affect insurers’ reserving practice across lines of business (LOBs) and accident years (AYs). Because the tax discount factor the tax authority assigns varies across LOBs and AYs, insurers with stronger tax-saving incentives will be inclined to manage reserves across both LOBs and AYs. In contrast, since the Risk Based Capital (RBC) regime specifies different industry worst-case factors across LOBs, insurers with stronger incentives to increase their RBC ratio will be inclined to manage reserves across LOBs. Regarding income-smoothing incentives, only the overall level (and …

Consumption Responses To Income Shocks Through Lottery Winning, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

We study the effects of lottery winning on consumption spending using newly available household survey data in Singapore. We find strong consumption responses to a transitory income shock via lottery wins. Lottery winners spend about half of their prizes within 12 months of winning. We show that consumption responses are stronger among households with more binding liquidity constraints and less risk aversion, which is consistent with the standard life-cycle model. The strong consumption response suggests that fiscal stimulus policies or other public transfer programs could be an effective means of boosting consumption spending of the economy in the short run.

Something In The Air: Does Air Pollution Affect Fund Managers’ Carbon Divestment?, Thanh Huynh, Frank Weikai Li, Ying Xia

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We examine whether fund managers overestimate carbon risk when they are exposed to local air pollution. We find that air pollution causes managers to underweight stocks of high-emission firms. The effects are stronger for less salient scopes of carbon emissions, among managers located in pro-environmental states, and among those likely to be surprised by air pollution—consistent with the idea that managers revise their beliefs about climate-transition risk following their exposure to air pollution. Carbon-intensive stocks sold by managers who are exposed to air pollution subsequently outperform stocks that they buy, suggesting that such underweighting is costly to fund investors.

Drivers And Barriers To Financial Transparency In Georgia’S Local Governments, Min S. Kim

The Guardianship Journal

This study investigates the determinants of financial transparency in local governments, specifically measured by the availability of financial documents on official websites. Hypotheses were developed to examine the relationships between financial transparency and three categories of influencing factors: community environmental characteristics, governance structures, and financial conditions. Using empirical analysis on a sample of 159 counties in Georgia, the findings reveal varying levels of support for the proposed hypotheses. Key determinants of financial transparency include population size, median household income, and the size of the board of commissioners. Conversely, financial condition factors were not found to significantly influence financial transparency. These …

Correspondence, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Note from Kingston Polytechnic asking about Shaikh’s tenure and mentioning his upcoming thesis defense (May 1979)

• Letter to Audrey L. Johnson urging the Executive Committee of the New School Alumni Association to support the faculty proposal to reconstitute the Graduate Faculty (May 19, 1979)

• Letter from Lars Mjöset requesting copies of Shaikh’s papers and discussing the problem of “gold production” (March 12, 1979)

• Letter to Mjöset discussing the relationship between gold production and the Marxian problem of the price level (April 20, 1979)

• Letter to Donald J. Harris discussing compensation and various articles and papers (August 24, …

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Personal Correspondence, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Letter from Dimitri B. Papadimitriou regretfully informing Shaikh that they could not continue to support his position at the Levy Economics Institute until a PhD program is begun (June 5, 2006)

• Card from Maria José thanking Shaikh for a wonderful weekend (June 28, 1999)

Correspondence - Green, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Letter from Jove Rosa Nación thanking Shaikh for his help and discussing economic theories (June 10, 1997)

• Letter from Ruth Haines at Blackwell Publishers regarding the advance payment for Shaikh’s book Marxian Economic Analysis (June 10, 1997)

• Letter from Blackwell Publishers requesting Shaikh to repay the advance on Marxian Economic Analysis (January 1997)

• Letter from Sue Howard and Philip Arestis inviting Shaikh to contribute to the Dictionary of Dissenting Economists (October 25, 1989)

• Letter to Romesh Vaitilingam discussing the Resnick/Wolff manuscript Radical Economics: A Tradition of Theoretical Differences (June 4, 1990)

• Letter from Vaitilingam requesting that Shaikh …

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Bolstering The Startup Sector In Palestine And Its Potential Impact On Public Finance, Rabeh Morrar, Rand Jibril

An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)

Objective: This study aimed to analyze of the ecosystem surrounding startups in Palestine in general, with a particular focus on public finance; specifically, how public authorities can enhance the regulatory framework and adopt incentive policies for startups and entrepreneurship to create a positive long-term impact on both the overall economy and public finance. Methodology: The study's methodology primarily involved conducting in-depth interviews with a sample of all stakeholders related to the Palestinian startup ecosystem. This included government entities, relevant public bodies, startups, entrepreneurs, accelerators, incubators, venture capital funds, universities, innovation centers, and legal entities. Results: The study reached several important …

Structural Transformation And Employment Trends In Jordan, Omar M. Alshrydeh, Taleb M. Warrad

An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)

Historical experience suggests that improving employment and working conditions is not achievable without structural transformations in the economy. Through these transformations, surplus labor in informal sectors and activities can be moved to higher-productivity economic activities. In this research paper, the trends in the relationship between structural transformation and employment in Jordan during the period 1990-2022 were analyzed. The research highlights several key findings from the analysis. First, it identifies long-term equilibrium relationships between structural transformation and employment fluctuations. Secondly, the main research variable total production (LY) is statistically significant in all models, but it varied in terms of magnitude and …

Happiness And Giving Behavior: Empirical Evidence From Indonesia, Rahmatina Awaliah Kasri

International Journal of Islamic Economics and Business Sustainability

Purpose - This study aims to analyze the impact of happiness and other factors such as attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, religious beliefs, and past behavior on the intention to donate money through a social or religious institution. This study is expected to contribute to understanding the psychological and sociocultural factors that drive donation intentions, particularly in social and religious contexts.

Design/methodology/approach - Primary data was collected through online questionnaire and analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). This research successfully collects data from 156 respondents who live in Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek) area of Indonesia.

Findings - The analysis suggested …

Repositioning North Atlantic Treaty Organization (Nato): The New Security Dilemma On Trans–Atlantic Relations Amid Shifting Global Geopolitics, Daniel C. George, Indra Alverdian

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

The shifting global geopolitics have led to a new security dilemma in Europe, especially in trans–Atlantic relations. NATO as the vanguard of the trans–Atlantic defense pact is faced with transitional conditions of non-conventional threats that return to conventional threats. Due to the shift in the new global order, these threats require a repositioning for NATO to counter the new security dilemma amidst shifting global geopolitics. By referring to the three asserted pillars–the return of conventional warfare on the European continent; a more assertive Russia in the European continent under Vladimir Putin; and the geopolitical of China's rise impacted trans–-Atlantic …

The History And Manifestations Of The Metaverse In Contemporary Literature, Marlon Semuel Contantin Kansil, Wanting Sun

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

The metaverse, an interactive and immersive virtual world, has emerged as a critical theme in contemporary literature, significantly impacting narratives and character development. This paper explores the history and literary manifestations of the metaverse, investigating its influence on identity, space, and social interactions. We find that the metaverse supports flexible and individualistic identities, reshaping how characters and readers understand themselves. The digital space of the metaverse provides a dynamic setting for moral and emotional conflicts, enriching the literary aesthetics of space. Furthermore, literature plays a crucial role in both shaping and reflecting the concept of the metaverse, employing symbolism and …

Asean Digital Economy Framework Agreement (Defa): Implications For Digital Trade And Regional Economic Integration, Brice Tseen Fu Lee, Linh Dieu Dinh, Juan Pablo Sims, Salman Ali Bettani

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

The ASEAN Digital Economy Framework Agreement (DEFA) represents a pivotal initiative in advancing regional digital integration and economic development. This paper explores DEFA's potential impacts on digital trade and regional economic cohesion within ASEAN. By reviewing ASEAN’s official publications and relevant literature, the study evaluates how DEFA aims to address the challenges posed by fragmented digital regulations and infrastructure. The framework's emphasis on harmonizing digital standards and enhancing interoperability is anticipated to facilitate smoother cross-border transactions and reduce regulatory barriers, thereby driving trade and investment in digital services. Economic projections suggest that DEFA could significantly enhance ASEAN’s digital economy, potentially …

Does Halal Industry Impact Economic Growth? An Empirical Evidence From Muslim Countries In Asia, Mohamad Soleh Nurzaman

International Journal of Islamic Economics and Business Sustainability

Purpose - This study examines the impact of the halal industry on economic growth in Muslim-majority countries, particularly in Asia, home to most of the global Muslim population.

Design/methodology/approach - Using a quantitative approach, this study applies panel data regression based on neoclassical growth theory. It analyses data from 2015 to 2022, using the Global Islamic Economy Indicator to measure the halal industry’s development. Economic growth is represented by constant GDP per capita, with foreign direct investment, inflation, and population growth as control variables.

Findings - The results show that the halal food sector has a significant positive effect on …

Influence Of Destination Image, Travel Motivation, Religiosity, And Worship Facilities On Public Interest In Visiting Muslim-Friendly Tourist Destinations In Indonesia, Ronald Rulindo

International Journal of Islamic Economics and Business Sustainability

Purpose - This study explores the factors influencing public interest in visiting Muslim-friendly tourist destinations in Indonesia, focusing on destination image, travel motivation, religiosity, and worship facilities. By examining these factors, this study aims to contribute to the understanding of how cognitive and affective perceptions, religious considerations, and infrastructure impact travel decisions. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights for tourism stakeholders to enhance the competitiveness of Indonesia’s halal tourism industry

Design/methodology/approach - Using primary data, this research applies Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to analyze responses from 182 participants collected through convenience sampling.

Findings - Results indicate that the …