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Articles 1231 - 1260 of 1732
Full-Text Articles in Economics
Justice, Inclusion, And Incentives, Ghislain Herman Demeze-Jouatsa, Roland Pongou, Jean-Baptiste Tondji
Justice, Inclusion, And Incentives, Ghislain Herman Demeze-Jouatsa, Roland Pongou, Jean-Baptiste Tondji
School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications
How does justice affect individual incentives and efficiency in a political economy? We show that elementary principles of distributive justice guarantee the existence of a self-enforcing contract whereby agents non-cooperatively choose their inputs and derive utility from their pay. Chief among these principles is that your pay should not depend on your name, and a more productive individual should not earn less. We generalize our analysis to incorporate inclusivity, ensuring basic pay to unproductive agents, implemented through progressive taxation and redistribution. Our findings show that without redistribution, any self-enforcing agreement may be inefficient, but a minimal level of redistribution guarantees …
Terminology Related To Ocean And Coastal Economic Activity, Nicole Leboeuf, Ralph F. Rayner, Carl Gouldman, Zack Baize, Monica Grasso, Brittany Croll, Kate Quigley
Terminology Related To Ocean And Coastal Economic Activity, Nicole Leboeuf, Ralph F. Rayner, Carl Gouldman, Zack Baize, Monica Grasso, Brittany Croll, Kate Quigley
Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics
This communication paper considers the definition and usage of terms describing ocean and coastal economic activity and the provision of the ocean data, information and knowledge needed to support its evolution and development.
Coordinated And Uncoordinated Punishment In A Team Investment Game, Vicente Calabuig, Natalia Jiménez-Jiménez, Gonzalo Olcina, Ismael Rodriguez-Lara
Coordinated And Uncoordinated Punishment In A Team Investment Game, Vicente Calabuig, Natalia Jiménez-Jiménez, Gonzalo Olcina, Ismael Rodriguez-Lara
ESI Publications
Coordinated punishment occurs when punishment requires a specific number of punishers to be effective, otherwise, no damage will be inflicted on the target. While societies often rely on this punishment device, its benefits are unclear compared to uncoordinated punishment, where punishment decisions are substitutes. In this paper, we compare the efficacy of coordinated and uncoordinated punishment in a team investment game with two investors and one allocator. Our findings indicate that coordinated punishment results in higher levels of cooperation and reciprocity, as measured by the levels of joint investment and the return by allocators. Importantly, this does not translate into …
Skewness-Based Test Diagnosis Of Technical Inefficiency In Spatial Autoregressive Stochastic Frontier Models, Ming-Yu Deng, Levent Kutlu, Mingxi Wang
Skewness-Based Test Diagnosis Of Technical Inefficiency In Spatial Autoregressive Stochastic Frontier Models, Ming-Yu Deng, Levent Kutlu, Mingxi Wang
School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications
In the Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) Stochastic Frontier (SF) model, the inefficiency term, which distinguishes it from the SAR model, can capture the effects of technical inefficiency. To determine whether inefficiency significantly exists in the cross-sectional SARSF model, this paper proposes a skewness-based test. This test does not rely on the normality assumption for the disturbances and allows inefficiency to follow an unknown one-sided distribution. We establish the asymptotic theory of the test statistic under spatial near-epoch dependent properties. Furthermore, we extend this test to the panel SARSF data model, accounting for both individual and time fixed-effects. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations …
Post Covid-19 Recovery In Mountain West Metros, Zachary Walusek, Vanessa Booth, Annie Vong, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.
Post Covid-19 Recovery In Mountain West Metros, Zachary Walusek, Vanessa Booth, Annie Vong, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.
Economic Development & Workforce
This fact sheet examines data on the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and recession on Mountain West metros. The original report includes data on economic activity, labor market, and real estate trends.
Economic Effects Of Pandemic On Us And Indian Economies With Policy Actions In 2019-2023: A Comparative Analysis, Kishore Kukarni Dr., Amitabh S. Dutta
Economic Effects Of Pandemic On Us And Indian Economies With Policy Actions In 2019-2023: A Comparative Analysis, Kishore Kukarni Dr., Amitabh S. Dutta
International Review of Business and Economics
COVID 19 pandemic that started in February/March 2019, with happenings in Yuwan, China spread like a wildfire all over the world. All countries faced one of the worst economic challenges in recent centuries if not ever in the history of the mankind. Early predications were so severe and devastating that some forecasters predicted a death-toll of 100 million all over the world, as the virus was not only spreading fast but also had no solution for its serious fatal effects. It was evident that the patients were dying before getting any effective treatments and many of them were elderly individuals. …
Research On Integration Of Innovation Chain, Industrial Chain, Fund Chain, And Talent Chain, Changhong Nie, Feijie Zhao, Chuan Li, Tong Chen
Research On Integration Of Innovation Chain, Industrial Chain, Fund Chain, And Talent Chain, Changhong Nie, Feijie Zhao, Chuan Li, Tong Chen
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Promoting the integrated development of innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain is of great significance to the high-quality development of the economy, and its essence is to reduce the various barriers faced by the flow of innovation elements across organizational boundaries, improve the allocation efficiency, better stimulate the main role of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, and enhance the overall efficiency of the national innovation system. This study analyzes “four chain” integration and puts forward the following suggestions. First, promote the systematic layout and systematic implementation of scientific and technological innovation policies. Second, explore the construction …
Promote High-Quality Development Of China-Sri Lanka Joint Center For Education And Research By Practicing New Development Philosophy, Jinglong Yao, Haitao Chen, Changsheng Zhang, Min Yang, Weiqiang Wang, Yuansong Wei, Gang Pan, Yawei Wang, Yao Luo, Hui Zhong, Zhenqiu Zhang
Promote High-Quality Development Of China-Sri Lanka Joint Center For Education And Research By Practicing New Development Philosophy, Jinglong Yao, Haitao Chen, Changsheng Zhang, Min Yang, Weiqiang Wang, Yuansong Wei, Gang Pan, Yawei Wang, Yao Luo, Hui Zhong, Zhenqiu Zhang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Under the guidance of the new development paradigm, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has started a series of pioneering international cooperation in the Belt and Road countries with scientific and technological innovation, especially along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. CAS advanced the practical cooperation with the research institutions of the countries to improve their research and innovation capabilities. Taking the example of high-quality development, the China-Sri Lanka Joint Center for Education and Research (CSL-CER), satisfied the Sri Lanka’ s demands for science and education. This paper describes the progress and significance of achieved results by promoting high-quality development, …
Cas Helps Shuicheng Escape Poverty, Vitalize In Scientific Way, Qian Wang, Liuchun Yang, Zhenhong Wang, Yanjie Wen, Yinan Wu, Yong Xia
Cas Helps Shuicheng Escape Poverty, Vitalize In Scientific Way, Qian Wang, Liuchun Yang, Zhenhong Wang, Yanjie Wen, Yinan Wu, Yong Xia
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Located in the Wumeng Mountain region of southern China, encompassed with vast range of stretching between Sichuan, Guizhou, and Yunnan Provinces, Shuicheng, Guizhou Province, has long been plagued by karst landscapes, rocky desertification along with the poverty that comes with it. It used to be a national key county for poverty alleviation and development, and by the end of 2016, its poverty incidence rate still was 18.9%. As the designated support organization of Shuicheng, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), during the battle against poverty, making use of the local ecological environment and resource, and its industrial foundation, promoted a …
Possible Role Of The One-Half Heuristic In Overconfidence Research, Vojtěch Zíka
Possible Role Of The One-Half Heuristic In Overconfidence Research, Vojtěch Zíka
ESI Working Papers
Overconfidence research often involves estimating performance within a fixed range. Recent studies suggest that overprecision is affected by central tendency bias, the tendency to estimate near the center of a perceived distribution. This paper examines whether a similar pattern influences the other two overconfidence types, overestimation and overplacement. In a laboratory experiment (N = 120), participants estimated their own and the average performance over five rounds of ten Rock–Paper–Scissors games. Each round earned for up to 40 points, but average performance varied across three treatments, with means of 16.6, 20, and 23.3 points. The main question was whether this manipulation …
Horizontal Economic Inequality And Mass Atrocity Risk: A Large-Sample Empirical Inquiry, Charles H. Anderton, Roxane A. Anderton
Horizontal Economic Inequality And Mass Atrocity Risk: A Large-Sample Empirical Inquiry, Charles H. Anderton, Roxane A. Anderton
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
Our research question is: Does inter-group horizontal economic inequality elevate state-perpetrated mass atrocity risk? Theoretical perspectives in genocide studies show how economic and other forms of discrimination against ethnic or religious groups can elevate the risk of government violence against them. Among the approximately five dozen large-sample empirical studies of mass atrocity risk, only a few consider the effects of economic discrimination. Moreover, no large-sample empirical studies, to the best of our knowledge, test hypotheses related to how inter-group horizontal economic inequalities (as distinct from vertical economic inequalities based on GINI coefficients or quantile income or wealth measures) affect mass …
Emotional Intelligence Impact On The Creativity Of Project Managers In Architecture Companies Favoring Sustainability, Nada Jabbour Al Maalouf, Jean Elia, Chadia Sawaya, Razan Al Baradhi
Emotional Intelligence Impact On The Creativity Of Project Managers In Architecture Companies Favoring Sustainability, Nada Jabbour Al Maalouf, Jean Elia, Chadia Sawaya, Razan Al Baradhi
Arab Economic and Business Journal
The importance of Emotional Intelligence (EI) was discussed by several authors; however, the impact of EI on the creativity of project managers was not tackled. This gap in the literature was the main purpose of this study. To test the hypothesis which suggests that there is a positive correlation between EI and the creativity of project managers in architecture companies favoring sustainability, a quantitative research approach was employed. Architecture companies favoring sustainability were chosen as the target population because they represent a context where the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and creativity has practical significance, given the industry's focus on sustainability …
Earnings Dynamics And Firm-Level Shocks, Benjamin Friedrich, Lisa Laun, Costas Meghir, Luigi Pistaferri
Earnings Dynamics And Firm-Level Shocks, Benjamin Friedrich, Lisa Laun, Costas Meghir, Luigi Pistaferri
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
We use matched employer-employee data from Sweden to study the role of the firm in affecting the stochastic properties of wages. Our model accounts for endogenous participation and mobility decisions. We find that firm-specific permanent productivity shocks transmit to individual wages, but the effect is mostly concentrated among the high-skilled workers. The pass-through of temporary shocks is smaller in magnitude and similar for high- and low-skilled workers. The updates to worker-firm specific match effects over the life of a firm-worker relationship are small. Substantial growth in earnings variance over the life cycle for high-skilled workers is driven by firms. In …
Essays On Cancer Patients, Quality Of Life, And Social Support: Evidence From Nepal, Muhammad Adnan Shahid
Essays On Cancer Patients, Quality Of Life, And Social Support: Evidence From Nepal, Muhammad Adnan Shahid
Economics ETDs
This dissertation is organized in five chapters. The first chapter provides a summary of the three research articles that are combined in this dissertation. It highlights the goals of each research paper, and outlines their contribution to the existing literature and the field of economics. Chapters 2 and 3 are based on a field study that I conducted on cancer and non-cancer patients in various cancer hospitals in Nepal. Chapter 4 uses data from field survey conducted by scholars of the Nepal Study Center, UNM, including me, in Sindhupalchok district of Nepal after the devastating earthquake of 2015. The final …
Early Childhood Intervention For The Poor: Long Term Outcomes, Alison Andrew, Orazio Attanasio, Britta Augsburg, Lina Cardosa, Monimalika Day, Michele Giannola, Sally Grantham-Mcgregor, Pamela Jervis, Costas Meghir, Marta Rubio Codina
Early Childhood Intervention For The Poor: Long Term Outcomes, Alison Andrew, Orazio Attanasio, Britta Augsburg, Lina Cardosa, Monimalika Day, Michele Giannola, Sally Grantham-Mcgregor, Pamela Jervis, Costas Meghir, Marta Rubio Codina
Discussion Papers
Early childhood interventions aim to promote skill acquisition and poverty reduction. While their short-term success is well established, research on longer-term effectiveness is scarce, particularly in LDCs. We present results of a randomized scalable intervention in India, that affected developmental outcomes in the short-term, including cognition (0.36 SD p=0.005), receptive language (0.26 SD p=0.03) and expressive language (0.21 SD p=0.03). After 4.5 years, when the children were on average 7.5 years old, IQ was no longer affected, but impacts persisted relative to the control group in numeracy (0.330 SD, p=0.007) and literacy (0.272 SD, p=0.064) driven by the most disadvantaged.
Selecting A Measurement System: Using Measurement System Potential Approval Criteria, Karl D. Majeske
Selecting A Measurement System: Using Measurement System Potential Approval Criteria, Karl D. Majeske
International Review of Business and Economics
This paper presents the results of a manufacturer’s quest to identify a measuring strategy during process development. Standard Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) criteria provide a common framework to evaluate a gauge’s ability to produce data that fairly represents the quality characteristics that describe a part’s fitness for use. Here, MSA criteria, as well as hypothesis tests of precision and bias, are used to compare to two alternative measurement systems. Ultimately, to compare the two systems, measures of MSA criteria are developed that reflect the potential the criteria could reach by eliminating operator-to-operator gauge error.
Misgivings In Measuring Happiness, Sudhanva Char
Misgivings In Measuring Happiness, Sudhanva Char
International Review of Business and Economics
According to a resolution of the UN General Assembly (Resolution 66/281), March 20th is observed annually as International Day of Happiness. A nation’s overall success is measured by people’s happiness, the litmus test. The World Happiness Report (WHR) states there is consensus about measuring happiness, whereas, happiness is idiosyncratic and its connotation differs from culture to culture, language to language, and even person to person. Personal ‘space’ in all spheres matters, and so do democracy or dictatorship, all factors leading to mismeasures of happiness scores. And so, there are paradoxes in happiness rankings in WHR. Economists have yet to …
Trade And Domestic Distortions: The Case Of Informality, Rafael Dix-Carneiro, Pinelopi K. Goldberg, Costas Meghir, Gabriel Ulyssea
Trade And Domestic Distortions: The Case Of Informality, Rafael Dix-Carneiro, Pinelopi K. Goldberg, Costas Meghir, Gabriel Ulyssea
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
We examine the effects of international trade in the presence of a set of domestic distortions giving rise to informality, a prevalent phenomenon in developing countries. In our quantitative model, the informal sector arises from burdensome taxes and regulations that are imperfectly enforced by the government. Consequently, smaller, less productive firms face fewer distortions than larger, more productive ones, potentially leading to substantial misallocation. We show that in settings with a large informal sector, the gains from trade are significantly amplified, as reductions in trade barriers imply a reallocation of resources from initially less distorted to more distorted firms. We …
How Does Passive Investing Effect The Informational Efficiency Of Prices?, Brice Corgnet, Mark Desantis, Yan Peng, David Porter, Jason Shachat
How Does Passive Investing Effect The Informational Efficiency Of Prices?, Brice Corgnet, Mark Desantis, Yan Peng, David Porter, Jason Shachat
ESI Working Papers
We investigate the causal effects of passive investing on informational efficiency and market quality metrics by developing a novel laboratory experiment that introduces Index trackers with exogenous passive investment flows. We find that, while improving liquidity, Index tracking hurts informational efficiency, confirming our main hypothesis. Furthermore, we observe violations of the law of one price, leading to widespread and persistent arbitrage opportunities. Additionally, our research uncovers that Active traders, particularly those with private information about asset values and high cognitive ability, reap benefits from the introduction of Index tracking.
Bidder-Optimal Information Structures In Auctions, Dirk Bergemann, Tibor Heumann, Stephen Morris
Bidder-Optimal Information Structures In Auctions, Dirk Bergemann, Tibor Heumann, Stephen Morris
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
We characterize the bidders' surplus maximizing information structure in an optimal auction for a single unit good and related extensions to multi-unit and multi-good problems. The bidders seek to find a balance between participation (and the avoidance of exclusion) and efficiency. The information structure that maximizes the bidders' surplus is given by a generalized Pareto distribution at the center of demand distribution, and displays complete information disclosure at either end of the Pareto distribution.
Clean Investment Monitor: Q4 2022 — Q3 2023, Madison Dwyer, Zachary Billot, Annie Vong, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.
Clean Investment Monitor: Q4 2022 — Q3 2023, Madison Dwyer, Zachary Billot, Annie Vong, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.
Environment
This fact sheet presents investment trends in clean manufacturing, energy and industry, and retail in the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. This fact sheet examines data from the Q3 2023 update of the Clean Investment Monitor (CIM), a joint project of Rhodium Group and the MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research.
Fiscal Administration Versus Fiscal Policy: An Investigation Into The Determinants Of The Real Tax Revenues From Consumption Tax In Egypt, Nariman Zahran
Fiscal Administration Versus Fiscal Policy: An Investigation Into The Determinants Of The Real Tax Revenues From Consumption Tax In Egypt, Nariman Zahran
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis highlights the importance of fiscal administration relative to fiscal policies. It presents a broad view of the developments in both fields and tests their effects on real revenues from consumption tax in Egypt from fiscal year 2002 till 2023. It initially explains the proxies used for fiscal administration: the size of the tax base and the collection lag. The major fiscal policy change in Egypt was shifting from sales tax to Value-Added Tax (VAT) during fiscal year 2016/17. The effects of fiscal administration and fiscal policy on real tax revenues will be assessed using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag …
Embracing Diversity In Agricultural Economics, Timothy Meyer
Embracing Diversity In Agricultural Economics, Timothy Meyer
Cornhusker Economics
To steal an overused cliché, “There’s room in the tent for everyone.” Over the 2023 academic year, I have reiterated this message to all my students, with one addition. Not only is there room for everyone, but all are invited AND welcome. Food is something we all have in common, no matter the background. I think this is why producers in the state of Nebraska feel as strongly as they do about the food they produce; it is life-giving and should be taken seriously. Nebraska Agriculture is part of what makes our state great, and that is not a secret …
Minimum Wage Increases Reduce Racial Disparities During Hiring, Alec Brandon, Justin E. Holz, Andrew Simon, Haruka Uchida
Minimum Wage Increases Reduce Racial Disparities During Hiring, Alec Brandon, Justin E. Holz, Andrew Simon, Haruka Uchida
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
New Data Show How Far Graduates Move From Their College, And Why It Matters, Johnathan G. Conzelmann, Steven W. Hemelt, Brad J. Hershbein, Shawn Martin, Andrew Simon, Kevin M. Stange
New Data Show How Far Graduates Move From Their College, And Why It Matters, Johnathan G. Conzelmann, Steven W. Hemelt, Brad J. Hershbein, Shawn Martin, Andrew Simon, Kevin M. Stange
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Viewing The World Through The Prism Of Cross-Cultural Romances: Film Review Of Christmas As Usual (2023) And Further Reflections, Raja Ramanathan
Viewing The World Through The Prism Of Cross-Cultural Romances: Film Review Of Christmas As Usual (2023) And Further Reflections, Raja Ramanathan
Markets, Globalization & Development Review
No abstract provided.
Revisiting Late Globalization: A Commentary On Theorizing And Theoretical Deepening, Romeo V. Turcan, Michael Fast
Revisiting Late Globalization: A Commentary On Theorizing And Theoretical Deepening, Romeo V. Turcan, Michael Fast
Markets, Globalization & Development Review
No abstract provided.
Flavors And Frailties Of Globalization, Nikhilesh Dholakia, Deniz Atik
Flavors And Frailties Of Globalization, Nikhilesh Dholakia, Deniz Atik
Markets, Globalization & Development Review
No abstract provided.
Sleep Restriction Alters The Integration Of Multiple Information Sources In Probabilistic Decision-Making, Jeryl Y. L. Lim, Johanna M. Boardman, Clare Anderson, David L. Dickinson, Daniel Bennett, Sean P. A. Drummond
Sleep Restriction Alters The Integration Of Multiple Information Sources In Probabilistic Decision-Making, Jeryl Y. L. Lim, Johanna M. Boardman, Clare Anderson, David L. Dickinson, Daniel Bennett, Sean P. A. Drummond
ESI Publications
The detrimental effects of sleep loss on overall decision-making have been well described. Due to the complex nature of decisions, there remains a need for studies to identify specific mechanisms of decision-making vulnerable to sleep loss. Bayesian perspectives of decision-making posit judgement formation during decision-making occurs via a process of integrating knowledge gleaned from past experiences (priors) with new information from current observations (likelihoods). We investigated the effects of sleep loss on the ability to integrate multiple sources of information during decision-making by reporting results from two experiments: the first implementing both sleep restriction (SR) and …
A Path To Food Self-Provisioning And Experiences From Learning New Skills: An Autoethnographic Depiction, Toni Ruuska
A Path To Food Self-Provisioning And Experiences From Learning New Skills: An Autoethnographic Depiction, Toni Ruuska
The Qualitative Report
In this autoethnographic depiction, I tell a story of change and renewal. In the narrative, I present a story of personal choices and epiphanies that have changed the course of my life. At the turning point, I portray the process of learning new skills regarding food self-provisioning. I come from a privileged, but de-skilled, middle-class suburban background, and the past four years has been a diverse journey of insecurity, alienation, and fatigue, but also of learning, empowerment, and self-realization. From a person with limited skills, to an at least somewhat skilled food neo-self-provisioner, I have partaken in a process of …