Economics Commons^™

Local Competition, Multimarket Contact, And Product Quality: Evidence From Internet Service Provision, Kyle Wilson

Pomona Faculty Publications and Research

I investigate the effect of competition on quality in the internet service provision industry: I examine both local competition within markets and multimarket contact among firms across markets. This industry offers an ideal setting, as quality is both objective and measurable. I use data from speedtest.net from 2008 to 2014 to estimate a reduced-form model of the effects of local competition and multimarket contact on realized consumer download speeds. I find that increased multimarket contact leads to decreased download speeds, which is consistent with the mutual forbearance hypothesis. I also find that duopolies lead to faster download speeds than do …

Scoring Soar, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Policy Papers

This paper estimates the benefits and costs of the incentive package provided to the proposed Ford battery plant in Marshall, Michigan. This project, announced in February 2023, involves a state and local business incentive package whose undiscounted value is $1.7 billion, and which is awarded to a plant that will eventually create 2,500 permanent jobs. The incentive package is analyzed using the Bartik Benefit-Cost Model of Incentives. The model’s estimates suggest that the incentive package has economic benefits whose present value is over 1.8 times the project’s incentive costs. Most of these benefits are higher earnings per capita for Michigan …

The Metamorphosis Of The Interrelationship Between Competitiveness, Productivity, And Growth Within Economic Realm, Rashid Ali Baloch

CBER Conference

This study investigates that the relationship between competitiveness, productivity and growth is not stable or predictable, it acknowledges that the associations and influence among these factors such as technological, industrial advancement, and policy changes. By studying the changing linearity, researchers aim to comprehend the metamorphosis of the interrelations among competitiveness, productivity, and growth within the economic realm. This study examines the role of technological advancements, innovation, human capital development, and institutional reforms in shaping the country's growth trajectory.

Digital Literacy And Inclusive Growth: Examining Digital Empowerment Of Female Students In Lahore, Hafsah Batool, Samia Nasreen, Attifa Arif

CBER Conference

This research study aims to investigate the role of socio-economic factors in the digital adoption of female university students in Lahore, considering the global impact of digitalization on the economy and employment generation. The primary objective is to explore the digital empowerment status of female students in Lahore and its implications for promoting inclusive growth and bridging the digital divide. The study will utilize a modified scale for the dependent variable, focusing on the dimensions of digital awareness, legal understanding, and economic aspects of digital empowerment.

Relationship Between Human Capital And Urban Growth, Lucky Bizenjo

CBER Conference

This study has provided new insights into the relationship between urbanization and human capital, made its implications at the global income group level and national level. In the first study, panel data of 87 countries used from 1991 to 2019. The results showed that education is found to be negatively and insignificantly associated with urbanization at the global level, but it is found to be positive (though insignificant) in low-income countries, and positive and significant in low-income countries and middle-income countries, and high-income countries. Our research suggests that as the income of a country increases, the contribution of education to …

The Relationship Between Labor Market Institutions And Innovation In 177 European Regions Over The Period 2000-2015, Gaetano Perone

CBER Conference

The main goal of this paper was to investigate the relationship between a set of labor market institutions (LMIs) and innovation (proxied by patent density) in 174 NUT-1 and NUT-2 European regions, over the period 2000-2015. Fixed effects with Driscoll and Kraay's (1998) standard errors (FE-DK), ordinary least squares (OLS), the generalized method of moments estimation of the fixed effects (FE-GMM), and a multilevel model (MLM) were employed.

Impact Of Oil Price And Its Volatility On Cpi Of Pakistan: Bivariate Egarch Model, Abida Naurin

CBER Conference

The current research study targets to explore the impact of oil price and its volatility on CPI in case of Pakistan from the period 1980:M1 to 2018:M12. In this study we used the financial time series econometrics techniques; first applied the Box-Cox transformation on the data which suggested log transformation is required for all series.

How To Define (Or Not To Define) The New History Of Capitalism, Sharon Ann Murphy

Economics Faculty Publications

Lindsay Schakenbach Regele’s essay “A Brief History of the History of Capitalism, and a New American Variety” attempts to provide more structure to the field known as the new history of capitalism (NHOC) by defining martial capitalism as a new variant. In contrast, this essay asserts that the lack of definitional precision within the NHOC is not a bug, but rather one of its key features. To define capitalism would be to delimit where it was and was not present historically. If part of the argument of the NHOC is that capitalism pervaded—indeed infected—all aspects of American life, then defining …

Testosterone Is Positively Associated With Coronary Artery Calcium In A Low Cardiovascular Disease Risk Population, Benjamin Trumble, Jacob Negrey, Stephanie V. Koebele, Randall C. Thompson, L. Samuel Wann, Adel H. Allam, Bret Beheim, M. Linda Sutherland, James D. Sutherland, Daniel Eid Rodriguez, David E. Michalik, Chris J. Rowan, Guido P. Lombardi, Angela R. Garcia, Daniel K. Cummings, Edmond Seabright, Sarah Alami, Thomas S. Kraft, Paul L. Hooper, Kenneth Buetow, Andrei Irimia, Margaret Gatz, Jonathan Stieglitz, Michael D. Gurven, Hillard Kaplan, Gregory S. Thomas, Tsimane Health And Life History Project Teams

ESI Publications

Background

In industrialized populations, low male testosterone is associated with higher rates of cardiovascular mortality. However, coronary risk factors like obesity impact both testosterone and cardiovascular outcomes. Here, we assess the role of endogenous testosterone on coronary artery calcium in an active subsistence population with relatively low testosterone levels, low cardiovascular risk and low coronary artery calcium scores.

Methodology

In this cross-sectional community-based study, 719 Tsimane forager-horticulturalists in the Bolivian Amazon aged 40+ years underwent computed tomography (49.8% male, mean age 57.6 years).

Results

Coronary artery calcium levels were low; 84.5% had no coronary artery calcium. Zero-inflated negative binomial models …

Political Feasibility And A Global Climate Treaty, David Lefkowitz

Philosophy Faculty Publications

I contend that to be politically feasible a global climate treaty must satisfy the International Paretian principle (IP). I begin by defending IP as a principle of instrumental rationality that reflects the fact of extremely limited altruism vis-à-vis foreigners. I then address two objections to my thesis. One holds that an IP treaty is either economically infeasible or, contrary to its proponents’ claim, does not require side payments from poor states to rich ones. The other holds poor states will reject any climate treaty that requires such side payments because it ignores or exacerbates their unjust treatment by rich states.

Pass-Through Entity Tax Deduction, Tina N. Barrett

Cornhusker Economics

In 2023, the State of Nebraska became the 36th state to implement a Pass-Through Entity Tax (PTET) Deduction law. This law is in response to a change made by the federal Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2018 which limited the state and local tax deduction eligible for itemized deductions to $10,000. This new state law allows partnerships and s-corporations to pay the state income tax on behalf of their owners which qualifies it for a federal tax law deduction. The individuals will then receive a credit on their individual return for the tax paid on their behalf.

ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจกับอายุคาดเฉลี่ยในกลุ่มประเทศ Clmv (C: ราชอาณาจักรกัมพูชา L: สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว M: สาธารณรัฐแห่งสหภาพเมียนมา V: สาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมเวียดนาม), มณิภัทร์ ไทรเมฆ

Journal of Demography

บทคัดย่อ

การศึกษาครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างรายได้ประชาชาติต่อหัวของประชากรกับอายุคาดเฉลี่ยด้วยวิธีการทดสอบความสัมพันธ์เชิงเหตุและผลของ Granger Causality ข้อมูลที่ใช้ในการวิเคราะห์เป็นข้อมูลทุติยภูมิ (Secondary data) ของประเทศในกลุ่ม CLMV (C: ราชอาณาจักรกัมพูชา L: สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว M: สาธารณรัฐแห่งสหภาพเมียนมา V: สาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมเวียดนาม) เป็นประเภทอนุกรมเวลา โดยมีลักษณะเป็นรายปี ตั้งแต่ปี 2000-2018 ผลการศึกษาอายุคาดเฉลี่ยของกลุ่มประเทศ CLMV ทั้งประชากรชายและหญิง พบว่า การทดสอบความนิ่งของข้อมูล ค่าสัมประสิทธิ์ของ ADF test และ KPSS test ณ ระดับนัยสำคัญ 0.05 ที่ระดับต่างๆ และทำการทดสอบ Residual Tests พบว่า ไม่พบปัญหา Autocorrelation และไม่พบปัญหา Heteroscedasticity หลังจากนั้นได้ทำการทดสอบระดับความยากของค่าล่า (lag length) ที่เหมาะสม ผลการทดสอบสมมติฐานเชิงเหตุเชิงผล (Granger Causality) พบว่า การเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจเป็นต้นเหตุของอายุคาดเฉลี่ยของประชากรชายหญิงของประเทศราชอาณาจักรกัมพูชา และสาธารณรัฐแห่งสหภาพเมียนมา ประชากรหญิงของสาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว และประชากรชายของสาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมเวียดนาม แต่ผลการศึกษาที่ผลกลับกัน คือ อายุคาดเฉลี่ยเป็นต้นเหตุของรายได้ประชาชาติต่อหัวของประชากรชายหญิงของสาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว ประชากรหญิงของสาธารณรัฐแห่งสหภาพเมียนมา และสาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมเวียดนาม

Infrastructure System Obstacles And Technology Adoption By Firms In Transition Countries, John Anderson, Muazzam Toshmatova

Department of Economics: Faculty Publications

This study uses business survey data to analyze firm perceptions of infrastructure systems in transition countries as obstacles to conducting business. Factors that contribute to reported perceptions are modeled, including country macroeconomic conditions, firm characteristics, and measures of overall reforms and infrastructure system reforms. Identified obstacles arise from binding constraints that limit economic growth, reflect implicit shadow costs, and signal areas in need of policy reform or infrastructure investment. The analysis covers electric power, telecommunications, transportation, and water and wastewater infrastructure systems. Also examined is whether transition indicators of reforms, intended to reflect improvements, are associated with perceptions of obstacles. …

Investment Fraud In The Mountain West, Riley Ruff, Vanessa Booth, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Criminal Justice

This fact sheet focuses on investment fraud data in the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico and Utah. The original report includes data from “The 2023 State of Investment Fraud” study conducted by Carlson Law.

On The Alignment Of Consumer Surplus And Total Surplus Under Competitive Price Discrimination, Dirk Bergemann, Benjamin Brooks, Stephen Morris

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

A number of producers of heterogeneous goods with heterogeneous costs compete in prices. When producers know their own production costs and consumers know their values, consumer surplus and total surplus are aligned: the information structure and equilibrium that maximize consumer surplus also maximize total surplus. We report when alignment extends to the case where either consumers are uncertain about their own values or producers are uncertain about their own costs, and we also give examples showing when it does not. Less information for either producers or consumers may intensify competition in a way that benefits consumers but results in inefficient …

Three Essays On Disability Claiming And Mental Health, Samsun Naher

Economics ETDs

This dissertation is a collection of three essays that study the interconnection between the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Marketplace plans and disability claiming and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on prescription drug utilization for anxiety and depression among Medicaid enrollees. The first essay examines the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on prescription drug use for anxiety and depression among Medicaid enrollees, using Medicaid State Drug Utilization Data. The findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic increased the use of prescription drugs for anxiety and depression relative to prescription drugs use for all conditions, but decreased prescription drugs use for anxiety …

Structure Of Indiana’S Manufacturing Sector During And After The Great Recession: A Spatial Perspective, Arun K. Srinivasan, Kathleen G. Arano, Janardhanan A. Alse

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

The trend in manufacturing employment is on a downward trajectory nationally, further exacerbated by short-term fluctuations. Indiana mirrors this trend, and as such, we explore the structure of the manufacturing sector using a spatial and snapshot approach during and after the Great Recession of 2007-2009. Using two measures: (1) average firm size and (2) gap in percent of local manufacturing employment, we explain the dynamics at specific periods, viz., 2007 at the beginning of the Recession, 2009 at the trough of the Great Recession, 2014 at a point in recovery from the Great Recession, and 2016 at the endpoint for …

Assessing The Performance And Risk-Adjusted Returns Of Financial Mutual Funds, Davinder Malhotra, Timothy Mooney, Raymond Poteau, Philip Russel

School of Business Faculty Papers

In this study, we provide a comprehensive examination of the performance of financial (specialty sector financial) mutual funds over a 23-year period, a much longer time frame than what has been analyzed in previous literature. To fully understand the performance of these mutual funds, we consider multiple factors, including risk-adjusted performance, both unconditional and conditional multifactor analysis, and market timing and selectivity. Financial mutual funds have higher risk-adjusted performance than the overall market and financial sector benchmarks. However, fund alphas are not different from zero, and managers do not exhibit market timing or security selection abilities. Our analysis not only …

Minimum Wage Increases Reduce Racial Disparities During Hiring, Alec Brandon, Justin E. Holz, Andrew Simon, Haruka Uchida

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.

Will Nebraska Farms And Ranches Be Ready For Double Digit Operating Line Rates?, Jeffrey Stokes, Jim Jansen

Cornhusker Economics

For those involved in agriculture, it has been quite a while since interest rates on farm real estate, equipment, and operating lines have been as high as they are for the industry. As the fall harvest winds down and producers focus on next year, interest rates on operating lines may cause shock. It has been over 20 years since interest rates on operating lines exceeded 10%. To better understand what may be causing interest rates on operating lines to rise, it will be beneficial to understand some basic monetary policy tools the Fed has at its disposal. The tool receiving …

Minimum Wages And Racial Discrimination In Hiring: Evidence From A Field Experiment, Alec Brandon, Justin E. Holz, Andrew Simon, Haruka Uchida

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

When minimum wages increase, employers may respond to the regulatory burdens by substituting away from disadvantaged workers. We test this hypothesis using a correspondence study with 35,000 applications around ex-ante uncertain minimum wage increases in three U.S. states. Before the increases, applicants with distinctively Black names were 19 percent less likely to receive a callback than equivalent applicants with distinctively white names. Announcements of minimum wage hikes substantially reduce callbacks for all applicants but shrink the racial callback gap by 80 percent. Racial inequality decreases because firms disproportionately reduce callbacks to lower-quality white applicants who benefited from discrimination under lower …

Headwinds And Tailwinds: The Present And Future Of Work For Women, Molly Kinder

Brookings Scholar Lecture Series

As part of the Brookings Scholar Lecture Series, Brookings Mountain West presents a lecture titled "Headwinds and Tailwinds: The Present and Future of Work for Women” by Brookings fellow in the Brookings Metro, Molly Kinder. Women comprise nearly half of the US labor force, and today outnumber men on college campuses. Yet the gender pay gap persists and women are overrepresented in the lowest paying occupations. In what ways are jobs and economic opportunities changing for women in the labor force? Over the next decade, how will demographic changes like the aging of the baby boom generation and technological changes …

Gender Gaps In Employment And Earnings After Job Loss, Ria Ivandić, Anne Sophie Lassen

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Book Review: Kings, Conquerors, Psychopaths: From Alexander To Hitler To The Corporation, Tim Bakken

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

The book Kings, Conquerors, Psychopaths is a survey of a vast amount of human wrongdoing. It lays bare the motivations of aggressors who wish to subjugate nations or groups of people and corporate executives and government bureaucrats who make discretionary decisions that harm people. Along with cataloging mass killings by despots and soldiers, the book includes stories about Ponzi-schemers and the deaths of automobile drivers and passengers who were killed by vehicle defects known to the manufacturer. The book posits that “[p]owerful, elite forces are trying to force us backward toward a non-democratic state, one where power, wealth, and prerogative …

Mathematical Modeling Of The Impact Of Lobbying On Climate Policy, Andrew Jacoby, Claire Hannah, James Hutchinson, Jasmine Narehood, Aditi Ghosh, Padmanabhan Seshaiyer

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Comparative Economic And Statistical Study About Fish Catch From Manzalah Before And During Dredging Operations For Developing The Lake’S Fisheries, Fattouh Sh, Abd El-Khalek Z., El-Sayed N., Hagag, Sh, Unis R., El- Sonbaty O.

Blue Economy

The bio, social, and economic sustainability of Lake Manzallah fisheries was affected because of pollution, dehydration, and fishers’ / outlaw encroachments. Fish catch and productivity have decreased sharply. The Egyptian government interfered in 2017 and introduced action plan for restoring the lake’s vitality. NIOF research team took part and conducted a research that aims at estimating the secular trend of total fish catch and of the major marine and brackish waters species: Tilapia, Catfish and Mullet, before and during the plan. The research also aims at assessing optimal catch-effort relation before and during the plan, and the effect of the …

Institutional Legacies Of Violent Conflict, Unmana Sarangi

Peace and Conflict Studies Journal Conference

The concept of violent conflict has since been in existence long and worldwide and is a global phenomenon. Various countries in the world have been reeling under this crisis of violent conflict which is the result of the atrocities, violent attitude amongst the people in various countries, particularly the LDCs and the African countries where these have been in existence since long and have been more or less become a part and parcel of the human existence in these countries. In fact, various reasons could be accounted for this. Countries such as Somalia, Syria, Yemen, Libya, Lebanon, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Columbia, …

The Effect Of Wage Proposals On Efficiency And Income Distribution☆, Lara Ezquerra, Joaquín Gómez-Miñambres, Natalia Jiminez, Praveen Kujal

ESI Publications

Pre-play non-binding communication in organizations is prevalent. We study the implications of pre-play, private and public, wage proposals in labor markets. To that end, we develop a theoretical model from which we derive certain hypothesis that we test through a laboratory experiment. In the baseline, that depicts a typical labor market interaction, the employer makes a wage offer to the worker who may then accept or reject it. In subsequent treatments, workers, moving first, make private, non-binding, wage proposals to the employer. In a following treatment, the proposals are made public. Our findings suggest that both private and public wage …

The Economic Impact Of The Gerald R. Ford International Airport - Grand Rapids, Michigan, Christian Glupker, Paul Isely, Gerry Simons

Other Faculty Publications

Highlights from Gerald R. Ford International Airport's economic impact study include:

• Support for an estimated 30,883 jobs in Kent County and 40,324 jobs in the 13-county West Michigan Economic Development Region.
• The airport generates $5.2 billion in economic activity for Kent County and $7.7 billion in economic activity for the 13-county West Michigan Economic Development Region.
• The economic activity creates a fiscal impact of $10.4 million for Kent County and $10.3 million for the 13-county West Michigan Economic Development Region.
• The airport has a catalytic impact on household income of $1.3 billion.

Hispanic Empowerment In New York's Municipal Workforces, 2021, Carlos Vargas-Ramos

CUNY Centro, The Center for Puerto Rican Studies

One of the markers of political empowerment of historically marginalized groups in society is not simply the election and appointment of representatives from those groups to governmental institutions; their participation as employees and contractors in the governmental apparatus that provides services and goods to residents of towns, cities and counties also reflects the levels at which members of the community are included and represented. New York City has the largest municipal workforce in the country. New York is also one of the most socially diverse communities in the United States. Yet, as varied as New York City’s municipal workforce is, …