Economics Commons^™

Desert Locust Invasions And Farmers’ Adaptation, Cheikh Fall

Economics Honors Projects

This study measures behavioral changes of Ethiopian farmers after experiencing desert locust invasions in 2014. I use an air-mass dispersion model to predict wind patterns that could transport locust swarms and combine the wind trajectories with a panel household survey data to identify affected households. Exploiting the spatial and timing variation of locust invasions, I find that a marginal exposure to locust swarms during the harvesting season causes farmers to delay planting by 4 days and expand their crop portfolio by 0.115 staple/subsistence crops.

Essays In Behavioral Economics: Lying And Deception, Shanshan Zhang

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The U.S. economy loses hundreds of millions of dollars in tax revenues, wages, and investment dollars, as well as hundreds of thousands of jobs each year due to dishonest behavior (Mazar and Ariely, 2006; Griffin et al., 2022). Thus, understanding dishonest behavior and finding mechanism to effectively reduce dishonest behavior are of great relevance to policy makers and the economy in general. This dissertation studies deceptive behavior and the relevant factors using online experiment, observational data, and field experiment in three chapters, respectively. Chapter 1 studies the effect of interaction with a machine (voicebot) on dishonest reporting. We conducted an …

Three Essays In Behavioral Economics And Macroeconomics: Unraveling Celebrity Influence On Philanthropy, Racial Disparities In Donation Decisions During The Covid-19 Pandemic, And The Impact Of Foreign Direct Investment On Economic Growth In Saudi Arabia, Rawan Khalid Alothaim

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation encompasses three chapters. Two delve into behavioral aspects of charitable donations during the COVID-19 pandemic, investigating celebrity influence and racial disparities, as well as risk preferences. The third chapter shifts to macroeconomics, examining the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and economic growth in Saudi Arabia over a long-term horizon. The first chapter investigates the effectiveness of celebrity endorsements on charitable giving during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants' donation decisions were compared after exposure to celebrity and non-profit expert endorsements. Logistic regression and Ordinary Least Squares regression were used to analyze the impact of independent variables on the likelihood …

Lived Experiences Of African American Women Encountering Barriers In Executive Level Advancement In The Business Services Industry, Sheriley Yvonne Smith

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

It is unknown how African American Women (AAW) perceived experiences involving the experience of the barriers faced when attempting to advance to executive levels in their corporate jobs. Existing literature showed that AAWs experienced several forms of discrimination, including racism, oppression, and limitations which were critical to examining their work experience and progressing up the corporate ladder. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to develop an understanding of lived experiences of AAWs when they apply for and fail to reach executive positions in the business services industry. The glass ceiling theory (GCT) and intersectionality theory (IT) were used …

Monitoring The Philippine Economy Fourth Quarter Report For 2022, Mitzie Irene P. Conchada, Natasha Amber Y. Cabiltes, Brendan Emmanuel A. Miranda, Edgar Desher P. Empeño

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

The Philippine economy grew 7.2 percent, featuring robust growth despite facing domestic challenges. Fourth quarter growth reflected a more optimistic consumer sentiment as the economy continued to open up. Economic growth in Q4 2022 was 7.2 percent year-on-year and 17.1 percent quarter-on-quarter (q-o-q), showing the Philippines’ consistent effort to create a positive growth outlook for the economy (see Table 1). Year-on-year growth exceeded the median analyst forecast of 6.8 percent despite accelerating inflation and growing food security issues. Revenge spending continues to drive consumption on the demand side while service sector growth remains headstrong on the supply side amid stunted …

Transitional Entrepreneurship: Unleashing Entrepreneurial Potential Across Numerous Challenging Contexts, Golshan Javadian, Anil Nair, David Ahlstrom, Kaveh Moghaddam, Li-Wei Chen, Younggeun Lee

Management Faculty Publications

[First paragraph] We are pleased to publish the special issue of the New England Journal of Entrepreneurship on transitional entrepreneurship. Transitional entrepreneurship refers to the practices of entrepreneurs from communities facing adversity who navigate substantial life transitions as they launch and manage new ventures in response to various changes and challenges in their environment. Entrepreneurship is not only a critical driver of economic growth and social development (Ahlstrom et al., 2019; McCloskey, 2010) but can also represent a life-changing transition for most, if not all, of the entrepreneurs themselves. Transitional entrepreneurship entails strategic pivots or transformations that enable entrepreneurs to …

External Imbalances And Exchange Rates, Adrian Simion

Wayne State University Dissertations

The focus of this dissertation is on the external imbalances for exchange rate determination and forecasting. We demonstrate that external imbalances maintain a relationship with exchange rate movements, while accounting for various forms of risk. We extend the analysis by considering the Covid time period and dynamic panel model specifications. Furthermore, we show how changing global risk appetite impacts exchange rate dynamics differently depending on the channel. We demonstrate by constructing portfolios based on different measures.

In the third chapter, we refine a construction of external imbalances, based on Gourinchas and Rey (2007). We create a direct bilateral measure based …

A Job Guarantee: Student Ideas, Zdravka Todorova, Shannon Parisi, Patrick Lockhart, Brad Kerry, Jeremy A. Ocampo, Divya Sharma, James Curlis, Tristan Walters

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

This paper presents students’ ideas for job guarantee public service projects, developed in a Master's level course, Economic Social and Ecological Systems. Seven student proposals address local issues and their economic, social, and ecological aspects. The proposals build on social costs, stratification, and commodification; and identify locally needed public service jobs not provided by the business sector. As part of a federally funded, locally designed, and administered job guarantee program, they expand and improve public and non-profit sectors. The article describes the course and its focus on integrated systems, as well as the pedagogy of building on students’ interests, concerns, …

Assessing The Impact Of Financial Obstacles On Manufacturing Firm's Capacity Utilization: Bayesian Approach, Arab Dahir Hassan, Razim Ozcan

The Indonesian Capital Market Review

This study aims to investigate the relationship between financial obstacles and the capacity utilization of manufacturing firms. This study departs from previous studies in the literature by employing Bayesian linear regression analysis. The results demonstrate that financial constraints have a considerable negative effect on the capacity utilization of manufacturing enterprises, but access to credit lines has a positive effect. The sample consists of 1,494 private manufacturing firms in 31 Europe & Central Asian countries. Financial obstacles were perceived as the major impediment to business operations by 65% of the enterprises in the survey. Furthermore, 52% of enterprises in the sample …

Offshore Entanglements, Martin W. Sybblis

Faculty Articles

For decades, scholars have struggled to determine how to deploy laws and legal institutions to spur economic prosperity. But, without knowing which legal rules and institutions to prioritize for a particular social context, the outcomes have been generally unsatisfactory. The case of offshore financial centers provides fresh and compelling new insights into this puzzle. This Article uses the sociological concept of community economic identity (“CEI”) to understand why some offshore financial centers prioritize investments in legal institutions that bolster their offshore finance enterprises while others do not. CEI refers to a community’s shared identity that is linked to a specific …

Equity In Maternal And Child Health In Myanmar: Benefit Incidence Analysis On Utilization Of Health Services, Myint Si Thu

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Utilization of maternal and child health services plays a crucial role in preventing pregnancy related deaths and child deaths. High levels of maternal and child mortalities are remaining as public health problems in Myanmar. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effects of socio-economic and geographical factors on utilization of maternal and child health services at public health facilities in Myanmar, and analyze the levels of benefit that go to the people in different wealth status. Secondary data analysis is conducted using maternal and child health data from Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) 2015- 16. Marginal effects of multinomial …

The Managerial Factors Influencing The Retention Of Firms' It Capability, With Some Global Implications, Jinho Kim, Kayoung Park, Timothy Komarek, Li Xu

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Researchers have explored firms’ IT capability and its effects on business performance, yet the factors influencing the long-term retention of this capability have not been fully investigated. Therefore, our study examines what managerial and financial factors influence the retention of firms’ IT capability by utilizing survival analysis. The results show that IT executives’ managerial power does not contribute to retaining the firms’ IT capability. However, the change of IT managers can introduce fresh insights and expertise to an organization, enabling firms to maintain their IT capability, and the degree of retaining IT competency in firms can vary based on industry-specific …

Hubungan Antara Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Dan Infrastruktur Transportasi Di Indonesia, Ida Kade Sukesa, Elissaios Papyrakis

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Given the mixed results of the existing research on the relationship between transport infrastructure and economic growth in Indonesia, this study, which aims to examine this relationship, uses two approaches, first using time-series data and second using panel data. From the first approach, this study concludes that there is a unidirectional relationship from economic growth to road infrastructure, while between economic growth and air and sea transportation infrastructure there is no relationship. Similar results were also found using the second approach. The growth of three types transport infrastructure does not have a significant effect on economic growth.

Three Essays On Health, Food, And Agricultural Economics, Saber Feizy

Theses and Dissertations--Agricultural Economics

This dissertation comprises three distinct but interrelated projects that explore the intersection of agriculture, nutrition, and economics. The first project investigates the impact of Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) food programs on the health outcomes of its participants. Using fixed effects models and a matching algorithm, the study finds that while conventional fixed effects models indicate a significant effect of CSA participation on diet-related medical expenditures, our modified time-heterogenous fixed effects model did not find a meaningful effect. The results of the matching method are consistent with those of our modified model.

The second project examines racial disparities in the prevalence …

The Scope Of Variable Inputs And Markup Estimates, Shuichiro Nishioka, Mari Tanaka

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

This paper builds an empirically tractable framework for the analysis of marginal costs in markup estimates from the production approach and examines how markups differ by the scope of variable inputs. Using plant-product matched data from Japan, we show that changes in markups can capture price and marginal cost dynamics, irrespective of the scope of variable inputs. Markups, however, are negatively and conditionally correlated with real output when only the most flexible intermediate inputs are selected as variable inputs. We find that the properties of markups depend on how variable inputs are selected and how underlying marginal costs are specified.

An Analysis On How Housing Status Influences The Gut-Brain-Axis For Populations In And Around The Skid Row Area Of Los Angeles, California, Mauricio Guzman

Pitzer Senior Theses

Over recent years, the “microbiota-gut-brain axis” (MGBA) has garnered significant attention in the scientific community. Specifically, perturbations of the MGBA via stress and dietary intake have been linked to a wide-range of diseases including gastrointestinal diseases, metabolic diseases, mood disorders, and cognitive diseases. However, most studies have been solely conducted on mice models and have yet to consider the more complex, intricate systems that impact the human body. In addition, researchers have yet to consider the populations who may be most susceptible to chronic stress and negative dietary outcomes. Drawing from the fields of medical sociology, non-invasive human biology, and …

Impact Of Fiscal And Monetary Policies On The Performance Of The Nigerian Stock Market, Abraham Ochoche, Tari M. Karimo

Bullion

This paper examines the impact of the interaction between fiscal and monetary policy on Nigeria's stock market performance for the period 2011:M11 — 2019:M12. Bounds test results indicate a run relationship among the variables. Further results indicate that Nigeria's all-share index increases with government expenditure in the short- and long-run, but increases with the interest rate in the short run only. Government revenue hurts AS in the short run, suggesting that the revenue-generating activities of government cause a crowding-out effect in the market. The study therefore recommends the synchronisation of both policies in any model intended for formulating stock market …

Are The Informal Economy And Cryptocurrency Substitutes Or Complements?, Rajeev K. Goel, Ummad Mazhar

Faculty Publications – Economics

This research considers a new dimension of the effects of the underground sector by examining the spillovers on cryptocurrency holdings. Cryptocurrencies offer a relatively greater ability to dodge taxes and ensure the anonymity of holders, providing attractive avenues for underground operators to stash their informal-sector earnings. Our results, based on data from more than 50 nations, show that a greater prevalence of the underground economy in a nation is indeed associated with greater cryptocurrency holdings. This result holds across an alternative measure of the shadow economy, and when the bi-directional causality between the shadow economy and cryptocurrency holdings is considered. …

Political Polarization And Price Dispersion: Recent Evidence From The Airline Industry During Covid-19, Jihui Chen

Faculty Publications – Economics

This paper analyzes the relationship between price dispersion and political polarization of the endpoint states on a given route during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample includes ticket information from the DB1B database between 2020:Q1 and 2021:Q4. The fixed-effect panel instrument variable (IV) estimation finds evidence of increased price dispersion on routes connecting states led by a Republican governor than those linking Democrat-led states. My analysis adds to the literature by exploiting the impact of political factors (i.e. demand shocks triggered by the COVID-19 policy interventions) on price dispersion using the latest data.

U.S.-China Economic Links And Technological Decoupling, Kevin Zhang

Faculty Publications – Economics

The US has been waging an economic decoupling from China, in which national security concerns replace economic logic and loss-loss game replaces win-win gains from globalization. The decoupling is generating profound ramifications for the world as well as the US and China. The article explores the following questions: what drives the US government to implement the decoupling? what rationales for technology separation as the core of the decoupling? and what are possible outcomes of the decoupling in the short run and long run? It argues that (a) the decoupling was motivated mainly by national security and geopolitical concerns that China’s …

Three Essays On Macroeconomic Shocks, Chase Coleman

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

This dissertation looks at the role that various macroeconomic shocks have on the economy through the lens of both macro- and micro-economic perspectives. In the macro realm, I examine the importance of how researchers measure shocks; functional shocks reveal information latent in scalar shocks. From the micro point of view, I examine the impact of a change in national tax policy.

In Chapter 2, I analyze the effect of monetary policy shocks on household consumption. Measuring shocks as shifts in the entire term structure of interest rates reveals a heterogeneous response of households to conventional and unconventional policies. I find …

The Impact Of Subjective Risk Analysis On Real Estate Prices In The Nisqually Region Following The 2001 Nisqually Earthquake, Ryan Espedal

All Master's Theses

Earthquakes are an environmental hazard that pose great risks to communities almost every day. With earthquakes, the main cause of concern is physical destruction of property, however, there are also psychological effects that are researched and discussed much less. In 2001, the Nisqually area of western Washington experienced a substantial earthquake that produced minimal physical damage but caused a significant decrease in real estate prices. Studying single-family homes from 1986-2012, this research utilizes hedonic property models to measure the change in consumer’s subjective risk calculations with reference to real estate purchases after the Nisqually earthquake, measure the relationship between earthquake …

Ownership Of Esg Characteristics, Mark E. Bateman, Lisa R. Goldberg

School of Public Service Faculty Publications

A portfolio can be viewed as the collection of the businesses, policies and practices of constituent companies. We measure investors' Ownership of this collection. Ownership metrics aggregate an assortment of company specific Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) characteristics to the portfolio level, and they can inform investment and engagement decisions. Relative to a benchmark, investor Ownership is active and satisfies a zero-sum property, which underscores the distinction between Ownership and impact. Ownership of ESG characteristics may be interpreted as ascribing ethical responsibility, but that conclusion and any decisions that result from it belong to the investor.

Ukraine’S Economic Shocks In Egypt, Amr Adly, Omar Auf

Faculty Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

When Minsky And Godley Met The Dependentistas: The Currency Hierarchy In A Stock-Flow Consistent Model, Nitin Nair Ms

Theses - Graduate Programs in Economic Theory and Policy

Underdevelopment often is conceived as being reproduced domestically. This thesis emphasizes the international forces that enable the persistence of underdevelopment. The first part of this thesis lays out a liquidity approach to underdevelopment which suggests that failure to create capacity arises from the asymmetries of international financial relationships. The second part of this thesis investigates a specific financial asymmetry, the currency hierarchy. We point out that the uncovered interest rate parity and the divergence from it are necessary conditions for the emergence of the currency hierarchy. Using ratios from the balance sheet of the currency issuer, we propose a quantification …

U.S. Consumers’ Willingness To Pay For Raised Carbon-Friendly Beef: Moderation Effect Of Information And Consumer Characteristics, Mariam Ishaq

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Dynamic Correlations Of Bond And Equity Futures And Macroeconomic Determinants: International Evidence, Nikiforos T. Laopodis, Theophano Patra, Vassilis Thomas

Business Faculty Publications

This paper examines whether the dynamic co-movements between stock-bond futures markets may be driven by domestic and international macroeconomic factors. The empirical analysis also investigates whether economic uncertainty and geopolitical risks have an impact on the dynamic conditional correlations of bond and equity futures markets. The results pointed to significance of domestic inflation and industrial production, while the 3M USD Libor and 3M Euribor surfaced as determinants of the dynamic equity-bond futures correlations. Finally, the paper examines the impact of the pandemic on the dynamic correlations with the split of the sample in pre- and post-pandemic periods and it was …

Do Electric Vehicle Charger Locations Respond To The Potential Charging Demands From Multi-Unit Dwellings? Evidence From Los Angeles County, Zhongying Gan

Business Faculty Publications

With the transportation sector being the largest contributor of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States, states are actively planning the deployment of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). Mass adoption of PEVs requires attracting potential buyers living in multi-unit dwellings (MUDs). Given the current low adoption rate of PEVs in MUDs and MUD residents’ reliance on public charging, this paper studies whether there is a positive correlation between the number of public Level 2 (L2) chargers and MUD density (measured by total square footage of MUD per capita) across census block groups (CBGs) in LA County. The results show that high …

Uncovering The Effects Of The Freedman's Bank Failure On Personal Property: An Analysis Of Newly Obtained Data From Kentucky And Georgia, Hannah Fowler

Scripps Senior Theses

The Freedman's Savings and Trust Company (the Freedman’s Bank), collapsed in 1874, resulting in the loss of savings for many African American depositors. This study uses a difference-in-difference analysis to investigate the impact of the closure of the Freedman's Bank on the economic well-being of African American taxpayers in Georgia and Kentucky during the Reconstruction era. The analysis did not identify a statistically significant treatment effect; however, it highlights the potential of previously unused archival data sources for future research. The study also draws attention to the need for more comprehensive and rigorous research in this area, in order to …

Boom And Bust: Job Churn In The Technology Industry In The Covid-19 Pandemic Era, Aliza Mayer

Scripps Senior Theses

Layoffs in the technology sector since 2021 have dominated news cycles and raised concern amongst everyone, from investors to employees. However, there is limited literature regarding the reasoning behind these layoffs and whether they really are as concerning and dramatic as our modern-day news has expressed. In this paper, I examined the historical trends of employment and contributing factors and discerned that the current wave of layoffs has occurred for a few reasons. In the past, the technology sector has been very strategic with hiring and only does so when revenue permits. However, during the pandemic, the technology sector became …