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2020

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Full-Text Articles in Economics

Lack Of Higher Wage Opportunities In Missouri Contributes To Slower Economic Growth, Mallory Rahe Jan 2020

Lack Of Higher Wage Opportunities In Missouri Contributes To Slower Economic Growth, Mallory Rahe

Center for Applied Economics

This paper uses publicly available datasets from federal government agencies to explore differences in income inequality across rural and urban Missouri in the aftermath of the Great Recession to better understand how these factors are associated with relative job loss and job recovery. Previous work has explored various explanations for Missouri’s weak economic performance; could income inequality be a contributing factor? I find that Missouri has lower income inequality than the nation, largely from a lack of high-wage jobs. Missouri, and especially rural Missouri, obtains lower income inequality primarily through a lack of high-income households. Across the nation, rising income …


An Exploratory Study On The Managerial Competencies Of First-Line Managers In A Philippine University, Alyssa Kaye S. Mojar, Dinah Pura T. Depositario Jan 2020

An Exploratory Study On The Managerial Competencies Of First-Line Managers In A Philippine University, Alyssa Kaye S. Mojar, Dinah Pura T. Depositario

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

Faculty and researchers, mostly well-trained, usually fill managerial positions at universities. Still, they do not have formal management training. This qualitative study examined the managerial competencies of 11 university firstline managers. Using Kurz and Bartram’s Great Eight Competency Theory (2002) for the thematic analysis of the interview transcripts, most of the respondents exhibited all eight competencies. However, they differed in terms of manifestations. A typology of academic administrators was developed based on the eight competencies, namely: (1) delegator, (2) accommodator, (3) director, and (4) initiator. Further quantitative research is recommended to refine this typology. Likewise, to develop current and potential …


The Impact Of Paying For Forest Conservation On Perceived Tenure Security In Ecuador, Kelly W. Jones, Nicolle Etchart, Margaret Holland, Lisa Naughton-Treves, Rodrigo A. Arriagada Jan 2020

The Impact Of Paying For Forest Conservation On Perceived Tenure Security In Ecuador, Kelly W. Jones, Nicolle Etchart, Margaret Holland, Lisa Naughton-Treves, Rodrigo A. Arriagada

Forest Collaborative Research

We study the impact of Ecuador’s national forest conservation incentives program on reported land conflicts. Data come from a survey of > 900 households located within 49 indigenous and Afro-Ecuadorian communities holding communal conservation contracts.We use quasi-experimental methods to test for relationships between program participation and changes in land conflicts. Respondents reported that the program reduced land conflicts when households resided in communities with de facto communal tenure arrangements (vs. de facto semiprivate arrangements).We find no evidence that the conservation incentive program increased land conflicts. These results counter concerns that conservation payments undermine land tenure security; in some cases perceived tenure …


Antitrust In Times Of Information Technology: An Analysis Of Big Tech Monopoly Cases, Shamayeta Rahman Jan 2020

Antitrust In Times Of Information Technology: An Analysis Of Big Tech Monopoly Cases, Shamayeta Rahman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The information technology industry is one of the most rapidly growing yet concentrated markets existing today. Big Tech monopolies and their increasingly anticompetitive behavior posits risks for competition, technological innovation and consumer welfare. This ranges from price discrimination, limiting consumer choices to the unethical use of data. The particular nature of information technology, with its network effects and negligible marginal costs, incentivizes and facilitates predatory market practices making antitrust analysis in this industry extremely complex. Certain schools of antitrust thought are more sensitive (namely the post-Chicago school) to these implications than others, though antitrust application is still lacking in both …


Control Of Episodic Air Pollution In Utah's Wasatch Front Region Through Investment In Preventative Capital, Ramjee Acharya, Arthur J. Caplan Jan 2020

Control Of Episodic Air Pollution In Utah's Wasatch Front Region Through Investment In Preventative Capital, Ramjee Acharya, Arthur J. Caplan

Applied Economics Faculty Publications

We address the issue of optimal investment in "preventative capital" to mitigate episodic, mobile-source air pollution events in Utah's Wasatch Front region. We calibrate Berry et al.'s (2015) endogenous-risk model using a unique dataset related to the region's "red air day" episodes occurring over the past decade. Our analysis demonstrates that, under a wide range of circumstances, the optimal steady-state level of preventative capital stock – raised through the issuance of a municipal "clean air bond" that can be used to fund more aggressive mitigation efforts – meets the standard for PM2.5 concentrations with positive social net benefits. We estimate …


How Does An Increase In The Minimum Wage Affect High School Enrollment?, Esther Swehla Jan 2020

How Does An Increase In The Minimum Wage Affect High School Enrollment?, Esther Swehla

Economics Honors Projects

In this paper, I explore how the probability of a student being in different combinations of enrolled/not enrolled and employed/unemployed/not in the labor force is affected by an increase in the minimum wage. I use binomial logistic regression, and experiment with both state and county level of observation and fixed effects. I also use year fixed effects. I find that when either the nominal or real minimum wage increases, the probability of a student being employed and enrolled increases, while the probability of being in any of the other groups decreases. However, these changes are not substantial. I determine that …


An Empirical Analysis Of The Leading Determinants Behind The Opioid Epidemic The 50 States, Sydney Levine Jan 2020

An Empirical Analysis Of The Leading Determinants Behind The Opioid Epidemic The 50 States, Sydney Levine

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the determining factors influencing the opioid epidemic in each of the 50 states of the United States of America. The opioid epidemic is a rising concern throughout the nation and has been associated with economic conditions. The health crisis poses additional threats to the labor market and the overall economy. This study looks at the age adjusted opioid death rate per 100,000 people as the dependent variable and how unemployment rate, the labor force participation rate, ESOOS funding, the number of hospitals, Median household income, the GINI index, adults reporting poor mental health status, individuals reporting past …


An Empirical Analysis Of Short-Term Rentals On Newly Built Homes In The United States, Matthew Garrison Jan 2020

An Empirical Analysis Of Short-Term Rentals On Newly Built Homes In The United States, Matthew Garrison

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the effects short-term rentals have on the price of newly built homes. The study uses data from the Manufactured Housing Survey Public File to perform an empirical analysis of whether the Rental Vacancy Rate effects the price of newly built homes. We find that the Rental Vacancy Rate does have a significant effect (p < .01), which parallels some past research. This may have implications for regulation of short-term rentals.


Infant Mortality Rate And Life Expectancy Across High Income Nations: A Panel Data Analysis, Matthew Antonino Jan 2020

Infant Mortality Rate And Life Expectancy Across High Income Nations: A Panel Data Analysis, Matthew Antonino

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper will investigate the connection of infant mortality rate and life expectancy across the world. Particularly in those countries that are considered to be High Income. It will investigate multiple different variables using an econometric approach to find whether there is a correlation. The data will be collected using WDI and will be using multiple high income countries from each region of the world. By spreading the data collection across multiple continents, it will allow for multiple variables to account for differences in lifestyle.


Inequality And Economic Growth In Latin America, Benjamin Steen Jan 2020

Inequality And Economic Growth In Latin America, Benjamin Steen

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the possibility of a relationship between the level of inequality and the GDP per capita in the countries in Latin America. Using a panel data model with fixed countries effects. we expect to examine the influences of GDP per capita and the variables that affect it in the countries of the region. The expected results of this paper are to find that the relationship between the income inequality and GDP per capita is negative.


Impact Of A Bblr Tax System On Standard Of Living In The United States: An Olg Approach, Assande Adom Jan 2020

Impact Of A Bblr Tax System On Standard Of Living In The United States: An Olg Approach, Assande Adom

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

The debate about taxation matters remains relevant in the literature across schools of thoughts and decision-makers. Indeed, these matters carry far-reaching economic effects both domestically and internationally. Taxes can constitute major conduits for distortions and inefficiencies in the economy if not properly set and administered. This study explores the impact of a broad base lower rate (BBLR) tax system on lifetime standard of living in the United States. Toward that end, it considers a partial equilibrium framework in the form of a two-period overlapping generation (2- OLG) model with two groups of people: (i) the young or poor, and (ii) …


Designing Student Projects In Finance: Structure, Technology, And Assessment, Jack W. Trifts, Laura Kohl Jan 2020

Designing Student Projects In Finance: Structure, Technology, And Assessment, Jack W. Trifts, Laura Kohl

Finance Department Faculty Journal Articles

Student projects are a typical part of finance courses, but little has been written about their design. This article describes a five-year process of developing a web-based, semester-long, project in financial statement analysis and provides a road map for faculty members seeking to enhance learning. A key for any instructor is how to manage the trade off the benefits of individual projects and significant formative feedback with the time demands involved.


The Influence Of Internal Audit Competency On Financial Reporting Quality And Enterprise Risk Management, Melissa E. Renschler Jan 2020

The Influence Of Internal Audit Competency On Financial Reporting Quality And Enterprise Risk Management, Melissa E. Renschler

2020

The internal audit function (IAF) is critically important to financial reporting quality and enterprise risk management (ERM). Following both the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the financial crisis of 2008, there have been improvements to other monitoring functions, such as the audit committee, management, and the external auditor, but regulation over the IAF is nearly absent. Further, our understanding of how IAF competency is developed and how IAF competency impacts both financial reporting quality and ERM outcomes is limited. My dissertation consists of three archival studies that investigate IAF competency using LinkedIn data. Taken together, these three studies contribute to …


Worker Cooperatives And Social Transformation: An Anti-Essentialist Marxist Perspective, Zachariah D. Thanasilangkul Jan 2020

Worker Cooperatives And Social Transformation: An Anti-Essentialist Marxist Perspective, Zachariah D. Thanasilangkul

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Copyright is held by the author. User is responsible for all copyright compliance.


Using Multi-Source Data To Assess The Dynamics Of Socioeconomic Development In Africa, Xuantong Wang Jan 2020

Using Multi-Source Data To Assess The Dynamics Of Socioeconomic Development In Africa, Xuantong Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Frequent and rapid spatially explicit assessment of socioeconomic development is critical for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at both national and global levels. In the past decades, scientists have proposed many methods for monitoring human activities on the Earth’s surface on various spatiotemporal scales using Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Line System (DMSP-OLS) nighttime lights (NTL) data. However, the DMSP-OLS NTL data and the associated processing methods have limited their reliability and applicability for systematic measuring and mapping of socioeconomic development. This research utilizes Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) NTL and the Isolation Forest (iForest) machine learning algorithm …


The Naked Emperor: Politics Without Romance In The Calculus Of Consent, William F. Shughart Ii, Arthur R. Wardle Jan 2020

The Naked Emperor: Politics Without Romance In The Calculus Of Consent, William F. Shughart Ii, Arthur R. Wardle

Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

Published more than a half-century ago, The Calculus of Consent: Logical Foundations of Constitutional Democracy (Buchanan and Tullock 1962) is one of a handful of pathbreaking contributions to the then contemporary literatures of economics and political science that launched the public-choice research program and its subfield of constitutional political economy.1 It has remained in print ever since, most readily available nowadays as volume 3 of The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan (Buchanan and Tullock [1962] 1999) and as volume 2 of The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock (Buchanan and Tullock [1962] 2004).2 The Calculus was one of the …


Effect Of Consumption Of Non-Durable Goods On Greenhouse Gas Emissions In The U.S. And Brazil: An Empirical Analysis, Nathaniel Taylor Jan 2020

Effect Of Consumption Of Non-Durable Goods On Greenhouse Gas Emissions In The U.S. And Brazil: An Empirical Analysis, Nathaniel Taylor

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper explores how consumption of nondurable goods in the United States and Brazil is linked to greenhouse gas emissions, specifically carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous dioxide (N2O), and methane (CH4). Non-durable goods pollute the environment through production, transportation, consumption, and decomposition. The overconsumption of non-durable goods such as food, fuel, cosmetics, tobacco, and clothing are causing deforestation, loss of soil, soil pollution, and many more. After measuring the levels of pollutants from 2003-2017, they are compared to non-durable good consumption rates. This paper uses a collection of data from St. Louis Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) regarding consumption indicators, the …


2020-1 The Millennials' Transition From School-To-Work, Audra J. Bowlus, Yuet-Yee Linda Wong Jan 2020

2020-1 The Millennials' Transition From School-To-Work, Audra J. Bowlus, Yuet-Yee Linda Wong

Centre for Human Capital and Productivity. CHCP Working Papers

No abstract provided.


2020-2 Prices, Profits, Proxies, And Production, Victor H. Aguiar, Roy Allen, Nail Kashaev Jan 2020

2020-2 Prices, Profits, Proxies, And Production, Victor H. Aguiar, Roy Allen, Nail Kashaev

Centre for Human Capital and Productivity. CHCP Working Papers

Abstract This paper studies nonparametric identification and counterfactual bounds for heterogeneous firms that can be ranked in terms of productivity. Our approach works when quantities and prices are latent rendering standard approaches inapplicable. Instead, we require observation of profits or other optimizing-values such as costs or revenues, and either prices or price proxies of flexibly chosen variables. We extend classical duality results for price-taking firms to a setup with discrete heterogeneity, endogeneity, and limited variation in possibly latent prices. Finally, we show that convergence results for nonparametric estimators may be directly converted to convergence results for production sets.


2020-3 Optimal Contracting With Altruistic Agents: A Structural Model Of Medicare Payments For Dialysis Drugs, Martin Gaynor, Nirav Mehta, Seth Richards-Shubik Jan 2020

2020-3 Optimal Contracting With Altruistic Agents: A Structural Model Of Medicare Payments For Dialysis Drugs, Martin Gaynor, Nirav Mehta, Seth Richards-Shubik

Centre for Human Capital and Productivity. CHCP Working Papers

We study physician agency and optimal payment policy in the context of an expensive medication used in dialysis care. Using Medicare claims data we estimate a structural model of treatment decisions, in which physicians differ in their altruism and marginal costs, and this heterogeneity is unobservable to the government. In a novel application of nonlinear pricing methods, we theoretically characterize the optimal unrestricted contract in this screening environment with multidimensional heterogeneity. We combine these results with the estimated model to construct the optimal contract and simulate counterfactual outcomes. The optimal contract is a flexible fee-for-service contract, which pays for reported …


2020-8 Perceived And Actual Option Values Of College Enrollment, Yifan Gong, Todd Stinebrickner, Ralph Stinebrickner Jan 2020

2020-8 Perceived And Actual Option Values Of College Enrollment, Yifan Gong, Todd Stinebrickner, Ralph Stinebrickner

Centre for Human Capital and Productivity. CHCP Working Papers

No abstract provided.


2020-7 Marriage, Children, And Labor Supply: Beliefs And Outcomes, Yifan Gong, Todd Stinebrickner, Ralph Stinebrickner Jan 2020

2020-7 Marriage, Children, And Labor Supply: Beliefs And Outcomes, Yifan Gong, Todd Stinebrickner, Ralph Stinebrickner

Centre for Human Capital and Productivity. CHCP Working Papers

No abstract provided.


2020-6 The Eitc And Maternal Time Use: More Time Working And Less Time With Kids?, Jacob Bastian, Lance Lochner Jan 2020

2020-6 The Eitc And Maternal Time Use: More Time Working And Less Time With Kids?, Jacob Bastian, Lance Lochner

Centre for Human Capital and Productivity. CHCP Working Papers

No abstract provided.


2020-5 Returns To Skill And The Evolution Of Skills For Older Men, Qian Liu, Lance Lochner, Youngmin Park, Youngki Shin Jan 2020

2020-5 Returns To Skill And The Evolution Of Skills For Older Men, Qian Liu, Lance Lochner, Youngmin Park, Youngki Shin

Centre for Human Capital and Productivity. CHCP Working Papers

No abstract provided.


2020-4 Child Skill Production: Accounting For Parental And Market-Based Time And Goods Investments, Elizabeth Caucutt, Lance Lochner, Joseph Mullins, Youngmin Park Jan 2020

2020-4 Child Skill Production: Accounting For Parental And Market-Based Time And Goods Investments, Elizabeth Caucutt, Lance Lochner, Joseph Mullins, Youngmin Park

Centre for Human Capital and Productivity. CHCP Working Papers

No abstract provided.


2020-9 Self-Employment And Development, Juan Herreno, Sergio Ocampo Jan 2020

2020-9 Self-Employment And Development, Juan Herreno, Sergio Ocampo

Centre for Human Capital and Productivity. CHCP Working Papers

No abstract provided.


2020-2 Botswana's Fiscal Policy, Monetary Policy, And Exchange Rate Policy: Three Instruments And Three Targets?, J Clark Leith Jan 2020

2020-2 Botswana's Fiscal Policy, Monetary Policy, And Exchange Rate Policy: Three Instruments And Three Targets?, J Clark Leith

Department of Economics Research Reports

No abstract provided.


2020-1 Distributional Effects Of Flooding, With An Application To A Major Urban Area, James B. Davies, Samantha L. Black Jan 2020

2020-1 Distributional Effects Of Flooding, With An Application To A Major Urban Area, James B. Davies, Samantha L. Black

Department of Economics Research Reports

No abstract provided.


2020-3 Reforming Canada's Disaster Assistance Programs, James B. Davies Jan 2020

2020-3 Reforming Canada's Disaster Assistance Programs, James B. Davies

Department of Economics Research Reports

No abstract provided.


2020-4 The Category Of Node-And-Choice Extensive-Form Games, Peter A. Streufert Jan 2020

2020-4 The Category Of Node-And-Choice Extensive-Form Games, Peter A. Streufert

Department of Economics Research Reports

This paper develops the category NCG. Its objects are node-and-choice games, which include essentially all extensive-form games. Its morphisms allow arbitrary transformations of a game's nodes, choices, and players, as well as monotonic transformations of the utility functions of the game's players. Among the morphisms are subgame inclusions. Several characterizations and numerous properties of the isomorphisms are derived. Also, the game-theoretic concepts of no-absentmindedness, perfect-information, and (pure-strategy) Nash-equilibrium are shown to be isomorphically invariant. Finally, full subcategories are defined for choice-sequence games and choice-set games, and relationships among these two subcategories and NCG itself are expressed and derived via isomorphic …