Economics Commons^™

Central Bank Independence: Rules, Practices, And Outcomes, Douglas Aaron Block

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

In recent years interest has grown in central bank independence as research has shown that it may affect many important financial issues such as unemployment, inflation, and inflation variability, among others. However, empirical evidence regarding its effect has been inconclusive and there is low correlation among various legal central bank independence measures. In this thesis, I attempt to resolve these problems by generating a new measure of legal central bank independence that takes into account divergence between laws and practices. I then measure the impact that democracy and proportional electoral systems have on reducing this divergence and find that democracy …

Economy Of Pakistan: Challenges And Prospects, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

Economy practically affects every single walk of life. This lecture provides an overview of the structure of Pakistan's economy since 1947, identifies key challenges such as low savings, trade imbalance, fiscal deficit, weak social indicators, and energy and water shortages, and offers prospects and solutions for improvement.

Banking And Monetary Policy In 2010, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

Pakistan faced serious economic difficulties in the last few years particularly in 2008 due to high inflation, large current account deficit, dwindling foreign exchange reserves and excessive borrowing by the Government from the Central Bank. Monetary policy was therefore tightened throughout 2009 to bring inflation under control. Policy rate was cut only when signs of moderation in inflation began to appear. It is only in the last few months that macro stability has been achieved with the assistance of the IMF. But paradoxically the global financial crises had very little to do with the domestic economic problems. The trouble inPakistanstarted …

مالی استحکام کا راستہ : بد نظمی اور سیاسی مصلحتوں کا خاتمہ کرنا ہوگا, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

مہنگائی، جاری حسابات کے بھاری خسارے، زرمبادلہ کے گرتے ہوئے ذخائر اور مرکزی بینک سے حکومت کی حد سے متجاوز قرض گیری کی وجہ سے پاکستان کو پچھلے چند برسوں خصوصاً 2008ء میں شدید معاشی مشکلات کا سامنا رہا ہے۔ چنانچہ بلند گرانی کو قابو میں لانے کے لیے 2009ء کے دوران پورے سال زری پالیسی سخت رکھی گئی۔ پالیسی ریٹ اس وقت کم کیا گیا جب گرانی میں اعتدال کے آثار نمودار ہونا شروع ہوئے۔

Woman's Work: Female Lighthouse Keepers In The Early Republic, 1820–1859, Virginia Neal Thomas

History Theses & Dissertations

During the Early Republic between 1820 and 1859, women, on average, comprised about five percent of the principal lighthouse keepers in the United States. These women represent a unique exception to the experience of the majority of working women during the Early Republic. They received equal pay to men, and some supervised lower-paid male assistants. They filled these predominately male positions because lighthouse work had much in common with stereotypical woman's work, they were most often related to the previous keeper, and they fit within cultural ideals of gender roles. Inquiry beyond the romantic image crafted for these light keepers …

New School In Exile Student Statement, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

his collection includes:

• Statement to New School students. New School in Exile. New York, New York. Date not stated. Unpublished student statement.
• Statement from student occupation, New School in Exile. New School in Exile. New York, New York. Date not stated. Unpublished student statement.

Mathcad Programming, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes,

• Mathcad user guide and tutorials: Programming, vectors and matrices, conditional statements, loops, and other functions [Pages from manual; n.d.].

• New York Public Library catalog search results for The Jossey-Bass Handbook of Nonprofit Leadership and Management (2010, February 2).

• Mathcad code sheets: aggreg prog test2.mcd, aggreg prog test4.mcd, and aggreg prog test5.mcd (2010, February 4).

• Shaikh, A. (2010, February 12). Handwritten notes on Mathcad programming tricks, functions, matrices, and subroutines [Unpublished manuscript].

• Yahoo! Shopping search results for “router” (2010, February 2).

India Trip Notepad, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (2010, November 10). India trip: Socialist alternatives in Delhi (notebook notes on Michel Löwy on Latin America and Europe, and Achin Vanaik on India) [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Personal collection.

• Shaikh, A. (2010, November 12). JNU student dorm (10 p.m.–12 a.m.): Economic analysis of advanced capitalism comparing Marx and orthodox economics [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Personal collection.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Int’l interest arbitrage: Equations for spot rates and covered interest rate parity (referencing Marston) [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Personal collection.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Handwritten notes on fast and slow processes operating simultaneously, Marshallian adjustments …

Problem Exams Hist Foundations Geco5104 Fall 2010, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Chowdhury, S. (2010, October 25). Examination book for historical foundations of political economy [Unpublished examination book]. Author.

• Malin, A. G. (2010, Fall). Examination book for historical foundations of political economy [Unpublished examination book]. Author.

• Harichandre, S. (2010, Fall). Examination book for historical foundations of political economy [Unpublished examination book]. Author.

Econ104 Historical Foundations, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Shaikh, A. (2000, September). Vertically integrated labor costs and market prices in advanced countries [Draft manuscript with figures and tables]. Unpublished manuscript, prepared by Anwar Shaikh.

• Shaikh, A. (1985, Spring). Economics 210 [Reading list]. Unpublished course materials, prepared by Anwar Shaikh, PhD.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Goodwin bibliography [Bibliography]. Unpublished manuscript, prepared by Anwar Shaikh, PhD.

• Shaikh, A. (1996, Spring). Possibility of growth in a capitalist economy: Historical overview [Instructional diagram for ECON 208]. Unpublished course material, prepared by Anwar Shaikh, PhD.

• Shaikh, A. (1992, February 23). Patterns in growth and cycles models …

Crisis Talk Short V2, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes,

• The New York Times. (2008, November 6). In dealing with the economy, stabilizing the patient is the top priority. The New York Times. New York, NY: The New York Times Company. With annotations by A. Shaikh, PhD [Handwritten notes]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Shaikh, A. (2008, October 9). Mosler on financial crisis: Notes on monetary systems, public deficits, and the U.S. trade deficit [Handwritten notes]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Stiglitz, J. E. (2008, October 17). Paulson putting banks first. The Hindu. Chennai, India: Kasturi & Sons Ltd.

• Shaikh, A. …

Evolutionary Game Theory, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Alexander, J. M. (2010, July 23). Evolutionary game theory [Printout with handwritten notes]. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford University.

• Shaikh, A., & Elsner, W. (2009, December 15–2010, September 1). Email correspondence on evolutionary game theory, hyperrationality, and microfoundations [Email correspondence].

• Going contemporary, Italian style: La primavera romana è donna. (n.d.). [Article printout].

• Shaikh, A. (2009, September 9). Printed database records with notes and quotations on behavioral and evolutionary economics [Unpublished annotated database records by Anwar Shaikh, PhD], including: Pesendorfer, W. (2006). Behavioral economics comes of …

Money + Credit, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, Anwar. General significance of the forms of capital-value. Unpublished manuscript, nineteen seventy-six (25-25_Mone... p. 2).
• Heinsohn, Gunnar, & Steiger, Otto. The property theory of interest and money. In L. Randall Wray, editor, Money and credit in capitalist economies: The endogenous money approach. Edward Elgar Publishing, nineteen ninety (25-25_Mone... p. 7).
• Malkin, Lawrence, Bolte, Gisela, & Grieves, Robert T. Modern barter. Time Magazine, nineteen eighty-four (25-25_Mone... p. 8).
• Shaikh, Anwar. Foreign trade and the theory of money. Science and Society, volume forty-two, issue three, nineteen seventy-eight (25-25_Mone... pp. 10-11).
• Shaikh, …

Mesauring The Effect Of Technological Change In Health Care Cost And Expenditure, Krishna P. Sharma

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives:

Technological change has a major role in driving up health care cost and expenditure. Yet we are not fully able to know the extent to which technological change affects cost and expenditure and the way new technologies enter the cost or expenditure functions. This paper uses historical data of US elderly males to see how health care spending associated with prostate cancer treatment behaves over time. Understanding the extent and mechanism by which a new technology actually translates into higher cost are main objectives of this study.

Study design, data and organization of the report:

This …

Economic Analysis Of Multidimensional Measures Of Obesity, Li Li

Wayne State University Dissertations

This study develops multidimensional measures of obesity based on six body measures, namely, weight, maximal calf circumference, thigh circumference, subscapular skinfold, waist circumference and percent body fat. Previous studies have used body mass index (BMI) as the measure of obesity. BMI does not fully consider body composition and is even more limited when applied to a population of subjects that are heterogeneous in muscularity, age, or bodyweight. Moreover, the use of BMI to classify people as obese and non-obese may result in misclassification problems. More recent studies have chosen some alternative measures of obesity, but there is no consensus on …

A Re-Examination Of Money And Business Cycles, Joshua Hendrickson

Wayne State University Dissertations

In the last several years, dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models have become the predominant tool of modern macroeconomics and, in particular, monetary policy research. Generally speaking, the basic New Keynesian model is the standard framework for analysis. This framework uses optimizing agents and firms to generate a dynamic, rational expectations model analogous to traditional IS-LM analysis in which the LM curve has been replaced with a monetary policy rule. As a result, the model makes a strong assumption about monetary policy. Namely, the New Keynesian model assumes that the short term interest rate is sufficient to capture the monetary …

Searching For Effective Teachers With Imperfect Information, Douglas O. Staiger, Jonah E. Rockoff

Dartmouth Scholarship

Over the past four decades, empirical researchers -- many of them economists -- have accumulated an impressive amount of evidence on teachers. In this paper, we ask what the existing evidence implies for how school leaders might recruit, evaluate, and retain teachers. We begin by summarizing the evidence on five key points, referring to existing work and to evidence we have accumulated from our research with the nation's two largest school districts: Los Angeles and New York City. First, teachers display considerable heterogeneity in their effects on student achievement gains. Second, estimates of teacher effectiveness based on student achievement data …

Corporate Power In The Public Eye: Reassessing The Implications Of Berle’S Public Consensus Theory, Marc T. Moore, Antoine Rebérioux

Seattle University Law Review

We analyze Berle’s overall corporate governance project in accordance with what we see as its four core sub-themes: (A) the limitations of external market forces as a constraint on managerial decision-making power; (B) the desirability of internal (corporate) over external (market) actors in allocating corporate capital; (C) civil society and the public consensus as a continuous informal check on managerial decision-making power; and (D) shareholder democracy (as opposed to shareholder primacy or shareholder wealth maximization) as a socially instrumental institution. We seek to debunk the popular misconception that Berle’s early work was a defense of the orthodox shareholder primacy paradigm …

The Price Of Equality: Suboptimal Resource Allocations Across Social Categories, Stephen M. Garcia, Max H. Bazerman, Shirli Kopelman, Avishalom Tor, Dale T. Miller

Journal Articles

This paper explores the influence of social categories on the perceived trade-off between a relatively bad but equal distribution of resources between two parties and a profit-maximizing yet unequal one. Studies 1 and 2 showed that people prefer to maximize profits when interacting within their social category, but chose not to maximize individual and joint profits when interacting across social categories. Study 3 demonstrated that outside observers, who were not members of the focal social categories, also were less likely to maximize profits when resources were distributed across social category lines. Study 4 showed that the transaction utility of maximizing …

Is Private Long-Term Care Insurance Affordable For Older Adults?, Nayoung Kim

Wayne State University Dissertations

Nationwide there are fewer than 7 million long-term care (LTC) insurance policies in force. Why do so few Americans buy private long-term care (LTC) insurance? Several theories have been offered as possible explanations, including the availability of Medicaid, misperceptions that Medicare or other policies cover LTC, beliefs that one's own risk of needing LTC services is small, or desires to simply rely on children and spouses for LTC. This study examines another possible explanation - that private LTC insurance is simply "unaffordable" for most older Americans, which may be why they don't buy it.

This study begins by investigating the …

Alcohol Use Disorders And Labor Market Outcomes: An Analysis Using 2001-02 National Epidemiology Survey On Alcohol And Related Conditions, Shammima Jesmin

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS AND LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES: AN ANALYSIS USING 2001-02 NATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY SURVEY ON ALCOHOL AND RELATED CONDITIONS

by

SHAMMIMA JESMIN

May 2010

Advisor: Dr. Allen Goodman

Major: Economics

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

BACKGROUND

Attempt of this research to explore the impact of alcohol use disorders on labor market outcomes is justified on the following grounds. First, alcohol use disorders (alcohol abuse and dependence) became more prevalent among the working age population over the decades (NIAAA: 2004). Second, existence of a large body of research on the nature and extent of relationship between alcohol use and labor market …

Va Healthcare Costs Of A Collaborative Intervention For Chronic Pain In Primary Care, Kathryn C. Dickinson, Rajiv Sharma, Jonathan P. Duckart, Kathryn Corson, Martha S. Gerrity, Steven K. Dobscha

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Chronic pain is costly to individuals and the healthcare system, and is often undertreated. Collaborative care models show promise for improving treatment of patients with chronic pain. The objectives of this article are to report the incremental benefit and incremental health services costs of a collaborative intervention for chronic pain from a veterans affairs (VA) healthcare perspective.

Methods: Data on VA treatment costs incurred by participants were obtained from the VA's Decision Support System for all utilization except certain intervention activities which were tracked in a separate database. Outcome data were from a cluster-randomized trial of a …

Optimum Land Allocation For Species Protection And Military Training On Dod Installations, Sahan T.M. Dissanayake, Hayri Önal, James D. Westervelt, Harold E. Balbach

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Poster

Rxr Rulc Typed Notes And Model Results, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (2002). Full exchange rate and balance of payments model. Unpublished manuscript.
• Shaikh, A. (2009). Real exchange rate vs. adjusted relative real unit labor costs and covered interest rate differentials. Unpublished manuscript.
• Shaikh, A. (2009). Least squares estimations of deviations of the terms of trade from rescaled relative unit labor costs. Unpublished manuscript.
• Shaikh, A. (2009). Tests of uncovered interest parity versus the classical relative price hypothesis: Exchange rate changes and real interest differentials. Unpublished manuscript.
• Shaikh, A. (2010). United States and Japan macroeconomic cointegration analysis, unit root tests, and error correction …

Export Vs. Import - Led Growth In Mexico, Joseph Kababie

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This study concentrates on the role of imports and the impact they have for economic growth in the country of Mexico. The investigation is conducted in a time series framework using an ordinary least square method, a vector autoregressive model, and a vector error correction model to test the trade variables of exports and imports for exogenous or endogenous induced growth. The results indicate through Granger causality tests that imports are having the significant impact for economic growth. These findings are in some ways in contradiction to previous literature that has focused on exports as being the sole engine for …

Inequality Aversion And Efficiency With Ordinal And Cardinal Social Preferences – An Experimental Study, Dorothea K. Herreiner, Clemens Puppe

Economics Faculty Works

In this paper, we report on a series of free-form bargaining experiments in
which two players have to distribute four indivisible goods among themselves. In one treatment, players are informed about the monetary payoffs associated with each bundle of goods; in a second treatment only the ordinal ranking of the bundles is given. We find that in both cases, inequality aversion plays a prominent role. In the ordinal treatment, individuals apparently use the ranks in the respective preference orderings over bundles of goods as a substitute for the unknown monetary value. Allocations that distribute the value (money or ranks, respectively) …

Globalization And International Development: Critical Issues Of The 21st Century, Sisay Asefa Editor

Upjohn Press

These papers address globalization issues with a special emphasis on its impact on poverty. Advances in transportation and telecommunications with instantaneous information and communication flows requires new approaches given the wide differences in cultures, political systems, languages, and ethnicities. Extreme variation in the international distributions of wealth, income, and poverty remain as enormous social problems to be addressed. In general, the contributors recommend expanding the flows between countries to accelerate growth and reduce inequalities. These flows include international trade and capital, migration, remittances, and foreign aid. But in addition to these hard commodities and dollars, there are flows of ideas, …

Staying The Course: U.S. Employment Strategy During The Great Recession, Randall W. Eberts

Periodical Articles

No abstract provided.

Default Risk, Zeynep Topaloglu

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The hazard rate models used in recent bankruptcy literature assume censoring and default are two independent events, which means the censored company will eventually default. However we believe there will be a portion in the censored group that will be long-term survivors and we propose a mixture model of survivors and risky companies. Moreover this dissertation models the event and the timing of default incident at the same time. For the event of default and the timing of default we utilize a logistic regression. The results have justified the advantage of our model over the standard hazard rate models and …

Pension Policy: The Search For Better Solutions, John A. Turner

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.